PlateletsDifferentiationProgenitorsProgenitor cellsErythroid cellsLineageCellsMaturationPlatelet releaseProplatelet formationAbnormalImMKCLsMarrowIntracytoplasmicMyelofibrosisDenseHumanNucleusThrombopoietinProductionTypeRareMature megakaryocyteBone marroMarrowErythroidMolecularHemopoieticGene expressionStemReceptorGrowth and development factorCellRoleFactorFunction
Platelets16
- A megakaryocyte (mega- + karyo- + -cyte, "large-nucleus cell") is a large bone marrow cell with a lobated nucleus that produces blood platelets (thrombocytes), which are necessary for normal clotting. (wikipedia.org)
- Once the cell has completed differentiation and become a mature megakaryocyte, it begins the process of producing platelets. (wikipedia.org)
- Platelets are held within these internal membranes within the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- Megakaryocytes are directly responsible for producing platelets, which are needed for the formation of a thrombus, or blood clot. (wikipedia.org)
- Megakaryocytes (MKs) generate platelets via intravascular protrusions termed proplatelets, which are tandem arrays of platelet-sized swellings with a beaded appearance. (nih.gov)
- Intracytoplasmic neutrophils develop membrane contiguity with the demarcation membrane system, thereby transferring membrane to the megakaryocyte and to daughter platelets. (elifesciences.org)
- These findings identify emperipolesis as a new cell-in-cell interaction that enables neutrophils and potentially other cells passing through the megakaryocyte cytoplasm to modulate the production and membrane content of platelets. (elifesciences.org)
- Megakaryocytes (MKs) are the cellular source of platelets. (elifesciences.org)
- Circulating platelets were thought to arise solely from the protrusion and fragmentation of megakaryocyte cytoplasm. (rupress.org)
- Platelets are continuously produced by fragmentation of the cytoplasm of their giant polyploid precursors in the bone marrow, the megakaryocytes. (rupress.org)
- Even though the platelets released by megakaryocyte rupture were mildly enlarged in size, they were functionally indistinguishable from proplatelet-derived platelets. (rupress.org)
- In platelets, PIKfyve inhibition specifically impaired the integrity of dense granules culminating in defects in their secretion, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation.CONCLUSIONS:These data demonstrated that PIKfyve and its lipid products PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2control granule integrity both in megakaryocytes and platelets. (acmv.com.co)
- However, the ability to generate large numbers of platelets is limited by the challenges of (1) producing many megakaryocytes (Mks) from each input CD34+ cell and (2) efficiently generating platelet-like-particles (PLPs) from Mks. (engconfintl.org)
- The evidence that platelets are capable of de novo protein synthesis in response to stimuli raised the issue of how megakaryocyte-derived mRNAs are regulated in these anucleate cell fragments. (nature.com)
- Platelets are anucleate cytoplasmic fragments, deriving from precursor megakaryocytes, which play key roles in processes such as thrombosis, hemostasis, inflammation, wound healing and angiogenesis. (nature.com)
- The platelets arise from the fragmentation of the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and circulate in blood as disc-shaped anucleate particles for 7-10 days. (medscape.com)
Differentiation7
- TPO is sufficient but not absolutely necessary for inducing differentiation of progenitor cells in the bone marrow towards a final megakaryocyte phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
- Many of the morphological features of megakaryocyte differentiation can be recapitulated in non-hematopoietic cells by the expression of Class VI β-tubulin (β6) and they provide a mechanistic basis for understanding these changes. (wikipedia.org)
- Differentiation-dependent interactions between RUNX-1 and FLI-1 during megakaryocyte development. (umassmed.edu)
- Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation. (virtualflybrain.org)
- Together with in vitro and in vivo analysis, we demonstrated that Hcy promoted megakaryocytes (MKs) differentiation via growth hormone (GH)-PI3K-Akt axis. (biomedcentral.com)
- We identified a bias toward megakaryocyte differentiation apparent from early multipotent stem cells in myelofibrosis and associated aberrant molecular signatures. (ox.ac.uk)
- In the present study, primary human bone marrow cells were cultured for 12 days in megakaryocyte lineage induction (MKLI) media to induce their differentiation into megakaryocyte (MK) lineage cells, in the presence or absence (+/-) of TWS119, a GSK-3β inhibitor, during MK differentiation from stem cells and subsequent platelet production. (elsevierpure.com)
Progenitors2
- A sub-fraction of myelofibrosis megakaryocyte progenitors (MkPs) are transcriptionally similar to healthy-donor MkPs, but the majority are disease specific, with distinct populations expressing fibrosis- and proliferation-associated genes. (ox.ac.uk)
- Shigeo Kariyone Megakaryocytopoiesis in polycythemia vera (PV) was characterized by in vitro growth of marrow megakaryocytic progenitors (CFU-Meg) and quantitation of megakaryocyte numbers in marrow biopsy specimens in 14 patients with PV. (karger.com)
Progenitor cells1
- Myelofibrosis (MF) is a clonal neoplasia of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells characterized by distinctive abnormalities in megakaryocyte (MKC) development and platelet (PLT) activation. (unibo.it)
Erythroid cells1
- The bHLH protein SCL/Tal-l interacts with the co-repressor ETO-2 in erythroid cells and megakaryocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
Lineage3
- The megakaryocyte develops through the following lineage: CFU-Me (pluripotential hemopoietic stem cell or hemocytoblast) → megakaryoblast → promegakaryocyte → megakaryocyte. (wikipedia.org)
- Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with single lineage dysplasia (SLD), formerly known as refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia (RCUD), is a category of MDS characterized by morphologic dysplasia in at least 10% of the early cells of a single myeloid lineage (red blood cells, white blodd cells, or megakaryocytes) with associated peripheral blood cytopenia. (medscape.com)
- The development of a megakaryocyte lineage specific Cre deleter, using the Pf4 (CXCL4) promoter (Pf4-Cre), was a significant step forward in the specific analysis of platelet and megakaryocyte cell biology. (nih.gov)
Cells2
- In humans, megakaryocytes usually account for 1 out of 10,000 bone marrow cells, but can increase in number nearly 10-fold during the course of certain diseases. (wikipedia.org)
- Megakaryocytes are derived from hematopoietic stem cell precursor cells in the bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
Maturation1
- During its maturation, the megakaryocyte grows in size and replicates its DNA without cytokinesis in a process called endomitosis. (wikipedia.org)
Platelet release1
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201410052 ) show that platelet release from megakaryocytes can be induced by interleukin-1α (IL-1α) via a new rupture mechanism, which yields higher platelet numbers, occurs independently of the key regulator of megakaryopoiesis thrombopoietin, and may occur during situations of acute platelet need. (rupress.org)
Proplatelet formation1
- A 3D microvasculature assay reveals novel sub-cellular dynamics of megakaryocyte endothelial barrier interactions, proplatelet formation and release. (isth.org)
Abnormal2
- There are several diseases that are directly attributable to abnormal megakaryocyte function or abnormal platelet function. (wikipedia.org)
- Myelofibrosis is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by increased numbers of abnormal bone marrow megakaryocytes that induce fibrosis, destroying the hematopoietic microenvironment. (ox.ac.uk)
ImMKCLs1
- We recently established expandable immortalized megakaryocyte cell lines (imMKCLs) from hPSCs by transducing MYC, BMI1, and BCL-XL (MBX). (hokudai.ac.jp)
Marrow1
- Bone marrow megakaryocytes engulf neutrophils in a phenomenon termed emperipolesis. (elifesciences.org)
Intracytoplasmic1
- We have isolated a cDNA clone encoding a novel human intracytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, termed matk (megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine kinase). (ox.ac.uk)
Myelofibrosis1
- Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Megakaryocyte-Biased Hematopoiesis in Myelofibrosis and Identify Mutant Clone-Specific Targets. (ox.ac.uk)
Dense2
- In megakaryocytes, PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2were found in alpha and dense granule membranes with higher levels in dense granules. (acmv.com.co)
- Pharmacological inhibition or knock-down of PIKfyve in megakaryocytes decreased PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P2synthesis and induced a vacuolar phenotype with a loss of alpha and dense granule identity. (acmv.com.co)
Human2
- Antibodies raised against the NH2 terminus of matk immunoprecipitated a 60-kDa protein from the CMK human megakaryocyte cell line. (ox.ac.uk)
- Human megakaryocytes: finding the root. (bvsalud.org)
Nucleus1
- As a result, the nucleus of the megakaryocyte can become very large and lobulated, which, under a light microscope, can give the false impression that there are several nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
Thrombopoietin2
- The primary signal for megakaryocyte production is thrombopoietin or TPO. (wikipedia.org)
- Thrombopoietin plays a role in inducing the megakaryocyte to form small proto-platelet processes. (wikipedia.org)
Production2
Type1
- Mutant-clone HSPCs have increased expression of megakaryocyte-associated genes compared to wild-type HSPCs, and we provide early validation of G6B as a potential immunotherapy target. (ox.ac.uk)
Rare1
- Rare megakaryocytes. (cdc.gov)
Mature megakaryocyte2
- Left frame: Early mature megakaryocyte with lobulated nuclei and partial granulation in the cytoplasm. (bloodline.net)
- Finally, even when GATA1s megakaryocytic cells mature, they mature aberrantly with altered megakaryocyte-specific gene expression and activity of the mature megakaryocyte enzyme, acetylcholinesterase. (ox.ac.uk)
Bone marro3
- In humans, megakaryocytes usually account for 1 out of 10,000 bone marrow cells, but can increase in number nearly 10-fold during the course of certain diseases. (wikipedia.org)
- large bone marrow cells called megakaryocytes and circulate in the blood in a resting, inactive form for an average of 10 days. (britannica.com)
- Their protein cargo is pre-packaged and comes strictly from the bone marrow cells, called megakaryocytes, that produce them. (nih.gov)
Marrow1
- 19. Thrombopoietin-stimulated ex vivo expansion of human bone marrow megakaryocytes. (nih.gov)
Erythroid1
- Abstract The megakaryocyte/erythroid Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder (TMD) in newborns with Down Syndrome (DS) occurs when N-terminal truncating mutations of the hemopoietic transcription factor GATA1, that produce GATA1short protein (GATA1s), are acquired early in development. (ox.ac.uk)
Molecular1
- These studies pinpoint the hemopoietic compartment where GATA1s megakaryocyte myeloproliferation occurs, defining where molecular studies should now be focussed to understand the oncogenic action of GATA1s. (ox.ac.uk)
Hemopoietic1
- The megakaryocyte develops through the following lineage: CFU-Me (pluripotential hemopoietic stem cell or hemocytoblast) → megakaryoblast → promegakaryocyte → megakaryocyte. (wikipedia.org)
Gene expression1
- We have previously identified megakaryocyte stimulating factor (MSF) gene expression by synovial fibroblasts as the origin of lubricin in the synovial cavity. (lievers.net)
Stem1
- Megakaryocyte colony formation induced with r-HuMGDF is synergistically affected by stem cell factor but not by interleukin 3. (elsevierpure.com)
Receptor2
- In the present study we sought to test directly the role of the ITAM/Syk interaction and the role of the Src-related kinases in collagen receptor signaling using mouse megakaryocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
- These results provide direct evidence of the functional importance of Fyn and Syk in collagen receptor signaling and support the megakaryocyte as a model for the study of proteins involved in this pathway. (ox.ac.uk)
Growth and development factor2
- Measurable levels of megakaryocyte growth and development factor in serum from patients undergoing myeloablative therapy and transplantation are shown to be elaborated in response to thrombocytopenic stress. (elsevierpure.com)
- These data support the concept that megakaryocyte growth and development factor is a physiologically regulated cytokine that is capable of supporting several aspects of megakaryopoiesis. (elsevierpure.com)
Cell2
- In general, megakaryocytes are 10 to 15 times larger than a typical red blood cell, averaging 50-100 μm in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
- The cell eventually reaches megakaryocyte stage and loses its ability to divide. (wikipedia.org)
Role1
- Thrombopoietin plays a role in inducing the megakaryocyte to form small proto-platelet processes. (wikipedia.org)
Factor1
- Flannery CR, Hughes CE, Schumacher BL, Tudor D, Aydelotte MB, Kuettner KE, Caterson B. Articular cartilage superficial zone protein (SZP) is homologous to megakaryocyte stimulating factor precursor and is a multifunctional proteoglycan with potential growth-promoting, cytoprotective, and lubricating properties in cartilage metabolism. (lievers.net)
Function1
- There are several diseases that are directly attributable to abnormal megakaryocyte function or abnormal platelet function. (wikipedia.org)