Heart RateHeartMedication ErrorsMedication AdherenceHeart FailureHeart Rate, FetalBlood PressureAutonomic Nervous SystemHeart DiseasesMedication ReconciliationMedication SystemsMedication Systems, HospitalHeart TransplantationHeart Defects, CongenitalHemodynamicsFetal HeartAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsTime FactorsSympathetic Nervous SystemElectrocardiography, AmbulatoryElectrocardiographyBaroreflexHeart AtriaExercise TestHeart ValvesTreatment OutcomeAntihypertensive AgentsMyocardial ContractionProspective StudiesHeart BlockMyocardiumRisk FactorsPatient CompliancePrescription DrugsOxygen ConsumptionSelf MedicationHeart Function TestsDrug PrescriptionsPolypharmacyDouble-Blind MethodTelemetryDogsParasympathetic Nervous SystemBradycardiaDrug TherapyPropranololFollow-Up StudiesPsychotropic DrugsMyocardial IschemiaStroke VolumeCoronary DiseaseRespirationExerciseVentricular Function, LeftCardiovascular Physiological PhenomenaHypertensionUnited StatesTachycardiaRetrospective StudiesPhysical ExertionCardiovascular SystemCardiotonic AgentsRestPropanolaminesAtropineDose-Response Relationship, DrugCardiac OutputAntipsychotic AgentsPressoreceptorsChronic DiseaseMyocardial InfarctionHeart Arrest, InducedNorepinephrineCohort StudiesNonprescription DrugsSinoatrial NodeDrug UtilizationAutonomic Nervous System DiseasesEchocardiographyCross-Sectional StudiesDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsReflexAge FactorsCardiac Output, LowPharmacistsMetoprololMyocytes, CardiacPostureClinical Pharmacy Information SystemsArrhythmia, SinusSeverity of Illness IndexCardiac Pacing, ArtificialSystoleCross-Over StudiesIsoproterenolPharmaceutical PreparationsRisk AssessmentModels, CardiovascularReference ValuesAnalysis of Variance