Mediate stem cell niche. Medical search. Frequent questions

During embryonic development, various niche factors act on embryonic stem cells to alter gene expression, and induce their proliferation or differentiation for the development of the fetus. (wikipedia.org)
Within the human body, stem-cell niches maintain adult stem cells in a quiescent state, but after tissue injury, the surrounding micro-environment actively signals to stem cells to promote either self-renewal or differentiation to form new tissues. (wikipedia.org)
This is because for regenerative therapies, cell proliferation and differentiation must be controlled in flasks or plates, so that sufficient quantity of the proper cell type are produced prior to being introduced back into the patient for therapy. (wikipedia.org)
Genes expressed in LRECe revealed retention of some stem-like properties along with up-regulation of differentiation factors. (frontiersin.org)
whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
Variation of DNA methylation on the IRX1/2 genes is responsible for the neural differentiation propensity in human induced pluripotent stem cells. (reprocell.com)
Pancreatic Differentiation of Stem Cells Reveals Pathogenesis of a Syndrome of Ketosis-Prone Diabetes. (reprocell.com)
PSCs are considered to exert their effects exclusively in intramembranous bone formation, since Ctsk -Cre-mediated deletion of Sp7 , an essential transcriptional factor for osteoblast differentiation, impacted intramembranous but not endochondral bone formation 3 . (nature.com)
Although Lgr5+ CBC cells have been well-accepted as the homeostatic ISC responsible for tissue regeneration, the Yan lab at Columbia University Medical Center has recently identified a putative new stem/progenitor cell located in the upper crypt "TA zone" region that is characterized by high-level expression of FGFBP1, a fibroblast growth factor carrier protein that is known to play a role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. (elsevierpure.com)
Organoid-based studies using parasite-derived excretory/secretory products reveal that Hpb -mediated revSC generation occurs independent of host-derived immune signals and inhibits type 2 cytokine-driven differentiation of secretory epithelial lineages that promote their expulsion. (ircm.qc.ca)
Reciprocally, type 2 cytokine signals limit revSC differentiation and, consequently, Hpb fitness indicating that helminths compete with their host for control of the intestinal stem cell niche to promote continuation of their life cycle. (ircm.qc.ca)
However, variation in the mitochondrial content in stem cells and the implication, if any, on differentiation is poorly understood. (stanford.edu)
Moreover, it revealed that 50% of the centrosome proteome is exchanged during differentiation from neural stem cells to neurons. (helmholtz-munich.de)
Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)
The proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells give rise to progeny that can populate the entire immunologic and hematopoietic systems through committed progenitors of both the lymphoid and myeloid lineages. (medscape.com)
FGF-10 immunostaining could be related to cell proliferation in epithelium and cell differentiation in epithelium and ectomesenchyme. (bvsalud.org)

Subsequently, recipient bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) isolated from SHED-EV-administered MRL/lpr mice were examined for the in vitro and in vivo activity of hematopoietic niche formation and immunoregulation. (elsevierpure.com)
The Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) regulates cell plasticity during embryonic development and in disease. (researchgate.net)
BMP-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the lateral plate mesoderm (LPM) triggers L/R asymmetric cell movements toward the midline, higher from the right, which are crucial for heart laterality in. (researchgate.net)
Comparative analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. (reprocell.com)
Competitive transplantation experiments established that Flt3-ITD compromises HSCs through an extrinsically mediated mechanism of disrupting HSC-supporting bone marrow stromal cells, with reduced numbers of endothelial and mesenchymal stromal cells showing increased inflammation-associated gene expression. (ox.ac.uk)
In May 2021, I started my Masters under the supervision of Dr. Lorena Braid where our goal is to characterize the elusive identity and function of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (MSCs). (sfu.ca)
Relevant information has now been established on solid tumors and their micro-environments, which include immune, endothelial and mesenchymal cells. (fortunejournals.com)
Under normal conditions, bone metabolism is regulated by mesenchymal cells, osteoclasts differentiated from mononuclear macrophages, osteoblasts, and their expression of regulatory factors, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), M-SCF, and transforming growth factor-beta. (bvsalud.org)

The molecular signals governing neurogenesis in these unique neurogenic niches, however, are still ill defined. (cipsm.de)

Signals that regulate epithelial regeneration upon stem cell injury are largely unknown. (nature.com)
Upon Lgr5 + cell depletion, these cells are recruited to contribute to crypt regeneration. (nature.com)
Chemical injury induced by DSS leads to a loss of both Lgr5 + cells and Axin2 + cells and epithelial regeneration is driven by Axin2 − cells, including differentiated Krt20 + surface enterocytes. (nature.com)
Regeneration requires stromal Rspo3, which is present at increased levels upon injury and reprograms Lgr5 − but Lgr4 + differentiated cells. (nature.com)
Thus, we find that endogenous Rspo3 signaling is a critical determinant of cellular fate within the crypt and stimulates rapid recruitment of differentiated cells for epithelial wound healing and crypt regeneration through induction of Wnt signaling. (nature.com)
Stabilization of heterochromatin by CLOCK promotes stem cell rejuvenation and cartilage regeneration. (ipscell.com)
Adult muscle stem cells possess remarkable regeneration properties and hold great promise in treating degenerative diseases such as muscular dystrophies, healing traumatic injuries and slowing age-related muscle loss. (ca.gov)
Skeletal muscle growth and regeneration involves the activity of resident adult stem cells, namely satellite cells (SC). (sdbonline.org)
These studies build on our ongoing studies in the parent U01 grant that are contributing to advancing the ISCC Trans-Consortium overarching goals of defining the essential niche component that contribute to intestinal epithelial homeostasis and that may play a role in epithelial regeneration following injury. (elsevierpure.com)
The IRM is excited to announce that we are partnering with the Institute for Immunology (IFI) for our fall 2021 symposium, Stem Cells & the Immune System: At the Crossroads of Regeneration . (upenn.edu)
MSCs function as signaling hubs in stem cell niches and are potent modulators of inflammation, wound healing, and regeneration but less is known about how MSCs function within the body. (sfu.ca)
In summary, we show that low mitochondrial mass is a hallmark of PSCs in planaria and provide a mechanism to isolate live, functionally active, PSCs from different cell cycle stages (G0/G1 and S, G2/M). Our study demonstrates that the change in mitochondrial metabolism, a feature of PSCs is conserved in planaria and highlights its role in organismal regeneration. (stanford.edu)
Aging lowers the replicative potential of most cells and the capacity for tissue regeneration ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

In the present study, the potential of using exosomes isolated from adipose‑derived stem cells (ADSCs) as a therapeutic tool for reducing chronic inflammation and promoting chondrogenesis was investigated using patient‑derived primary cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Here, we demonstrate that autophagy activation is an adaptive survival response to chronic inflammation in the aging bone marrow (BM) niche. (fightaging.org)
We find that inflammation impairs glucose metabolism and suppresses glycolysis in aged HSCs through Socs3 -mediated impairment of AKT / FoxO -dependent signaling. (fightaging.org)
In this context, we show that inflammation-mediated autophagy engagement preserves functional quiescence by enabling metabolic adaptation to glycolytic impairment. (fightaging.org)
We thus identify stromal cells as cellular coordinators of colon inflammation and suggest their pharmacologic manipulation as a potential means to treat colitis. (postech.ac.kr)

Activation of eNOS to produce nitric oxide (NO) through PI3K/AKT kinase, maintains clonogenic cell growth in malignant cells. (confex.com)
Interestingly, cells within tumors often exhibit a hierarchy of malignant potential, giving rise to the notion that small populations of cancer stem cells may be responsible for propagating certain cancers [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

citation needed] A Nature Insight review defines niche as follows: "Stem-cell populations are established in 'niches' - specific anatomic locations that regulate how they participate in tissue generation, maintenance and repair. (wikipedia.org)
It constitutes a basic unit of tissue physiology, integrating signals that mediate the balanced response of stem cells to the needs of organisms. (wikipedia.org)
N-cadherin-mediated adhesion is essential for maintaining the tissue architecture and stem cell niche in the developing neocortex. (researchgate.net)
Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been characterized as having the ability to self-renew and differentiate into different connective tissue cells, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and myocytes, under specific inductive stimuli ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In total, 1-10% of nucleated cells in adipose tissue are ADSCs, whereas only 0.0001-0.01% of nucleated cells in bone marrow are stem cells ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
PMF is a stem cell-derived blood malignancy with the characteristics of too many cells in the blood and a large amount of scar tissue formation (fibrosis) in the bone marrow. (lls.org)
At distinct anatomical sites, bone tissue harbors multiple types of skeletal stem cells, which may independently supply osteogenic cells in a site-specific manner. (nature.com)
In the past year, we have optimized the conditions so that these muscle stem cells undergo maximal proliferation and maintain high potency in tissue repair in the laboratory. (ca.gov)
In the past year, we have performed transplantation studies to confirm that these muscle stem cells expanded under controlled laboratory conditions maintain features of stem cells and high potency in tissue repair. (ca.gov)
The levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in PC12 cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
GSOs also mitigated the deleterious effects of GLU on the mitochondrial membrane potential and Cyt C release, thus alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased GSH levels and CAT activity in both cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
Typically, rapidly proliferating tumor cells have glycolytic rates up to 200 times higher than those of their normal tissue of origin, even in the presence of oxygen [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, the signals that regulate Fgfbp1+ cell function, their cellular role in tissue injury-repair, and our ability to harness their regenerative potential ex vivo remain completely unknown. (elsevierpure.com)
Collaborative studies that leverage the collective expertise of the ISCC will address these gaps in our knowledge of Fgfbp1+ upper crypt cells using tissue injury models, diverse organoid platforms, and Wnt signaling niche manipulation. (elsevierpure.com)
Here, we focus on the Drosophila ovarian germline stem cell niche and review recent studies that have begun to reveal how intricate crosstalk between various signaling pathways regulates stem cell maintenance, how the extracellular matrix modulates the signaling output of the niche and how epigenetic programming influences cell development and function both inside and outside the niche to ensure proper tissue homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem cells are essential for tissue homeostasis, particularly in organs that exhibit high rates of cellular turnover such as the skin, intestine and hematopoietic system. (biomedcentral.com)
Overproliferation of stem cells is equally undesirable and can disrupt normal tissue homeostasis, possibly contributing to tumor formation and growth. (biomedcentral.com)
of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)

The word 'niche' can be in reference to the in vivo or in vitro stem-cell microenvironment. (wikipedia.org)
Scientists are studying the various components of the niche and trying to replicate the in vivo niche conditions in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
and (3) Evaluate the ability of in vitro enteroid and organoid platforms to support Fgfbp1+ cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Single tablets 250mg & 500mg This change went into effect in human cells in vitro, and keflex 500mg price at walmart in SARS-CoV-2 infected animals Eli web link Lilly Many children and their infants and children continued to decline in cephalexin price at walmart 2010, to 98. (beezdev.fr)

They are grown on a feeder layer of cells, which is believed to be supportive in maintaining the pluripotent characteristics of embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Single transcription factor efficiently leads human induced pluripotent stem cells to functional microglia. (reprocell.com)
Using Microfluidics to Generate Human Naïve and Primed Pluripotent Stem Cells. (reprocell.com)
In: Rugg-Gunn P. (eds) Human Naïve Pluripotent Stem Cells. (reprocell.com)
In planarians, the basement membrane around the gut/inner parenchyma is thought to act as a niche for pluripotent stem cells. (stanford.edu)
Here, using cellular and molecular studies, we show that the planarian pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have low mitochondrial mass compared with their progenitors. (stanford.edu)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) involves the intravenous infusion of hematopoietic stem cells in order to reestablish blood cell production in patients whose bone marrow or immune system is damaged or defective. (medscape.com)

macrophages providing transient muscle stem cell niches and more. (upenn.edu)
The microenvironment, consisting of lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial elements, and stroma in which hematopoietic cells reside, creates a regulatory niche that determines the local area network. (medscape.com)

J Cell Sci (2019) 132 (18): jcs229534. (silverchair.com)

Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
The field of stem cell biology as it applies to regenerative medicine requires a detailed understanding of what controls stem cell function. (ca.gov)
Further study will be required in the future to better understand succinate biology in blood cells. (haematologica.org)
These findings, which establish that Flt3-ITD-driven myeloproliferation results in cell-extrinsic suppression of the normal HSC reservoir, are of relevance for several aspects of acute myeloid leukemia biology. (ox.ac.uk)
This year, we are taking a comprehensive look at hematopoietic stem cells: their biology, their failure in bone marrow syndromes, and their use in gene therapy approaches. (upenn.edu)
Trainees working in the broad area of hematopoietic stem cell biology or related disease and therapy areas are invited to submit abstracts for posters and consideration for lightning talks! (upenn.edu)
IsoPlexis ' systems, which drive convergence of dynamic proteomics and single cell biology for the first time, are creating this deeper connection to accelerate curative medicines. (upenn.edu)
Our fall symposium will explore these and related topics, focusing on the impact on stem cell biology. (upenn.edu)
The concept of the cellular niche represents one of the central paradigms in stem cell biology. (biomedcentral.com)
In my thesis, we covered four different projects that led us to explore different fields of biology, with a general focus on exploring cell surface receptors in leukemia cells. (lu.se)

We are elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of how LSCs interact with the fibrotic niche in mouse models and how this negatively impacts normal HSCs. (lls.org)
Recent evidence obtained in mouse models shows its essential role regulating blood cell function through various mechanisms that include pseudohypoxia responses by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation, post-translational modifications like succinylation, and communication mediated by succinate receptor 1. (haematologica.org)
In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)
I will be continuing my work on modelling interactions between MSCs and the extracellular matrix to investigate the mechanisms implicated in fundamental MSC-mediated processes like angiogenesis. (sfu.ca)
However, the mechanisms that modulate the function of ECM regulators in the stem cell niche are understudied. (stanford.edu)

The niche saves stem cells from depletion, while protecting the host from over-exuberant stem-cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)
Niche-mediated depletion of the normal hematopoietic stem cell reservoir by Flt3-ITD-induced myeloproliferation. (ox.ac.uk)

Systemic transplantation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) is used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like disorders in MRL/lpr mice. (elsevierpure.com)
Current treatment options for PMF are limited, and the only potential cure, stem cell transplantation, is often prohibitively toxic for most patients. (lls.org)
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the oldest and most common form of stem cell-based therapy. (ca.gov)
We have brought together world experts in transplantation, protein development and clinical study design who have the shared objective of bringing the technology of antibody targeting stem cells to patients. (ca.gov)
Transplantation experiments further verified the cell-autonomous nature of this phenotype. (cipsm.de)
The niche model is consistent with many observations made in mammalian cell transplantation experiments, but difficulties in unequivocally identifying individual stem cells within their native environment prevented further testing of this hypothesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation provides an effective platform for the treatment of hematological disorders. (rsc.org)

Several factors are important to regulate stem-cell characteristics within the niche: cell-cell interactions between stem cells, as well as interactions between stem cells and neighbouring differentiated cells, interactions between stem cells and adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix components, the oxygen tension, growth factors, cytokines, and the physicochemical nature of the environment including the pH, ionic strength (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
Many of the mechanistic insights into how niches regulate stem cell maintenance have been obtained using invertebrate models such as Drosophila . (biomedcentral.com)

We have focused on a population of stem cells in skeletal muscle that are responsible for the healing of muscle after injury. (ca.gov)
In Drosophila with depleted RACK1 in all muscle cells or, specifically, in SC lineage resulted in a delayed recovery of skeletal muscle after physical damage as well as the low presence of active SC in the wound area. (sdbonline.org)

In the PMF diseased state, the fibrotic bone marrow niche is a critical component to PMF pathogenesis. (lls.org)
We hypothesize that the abnormal bone marrow niche in PMF provides protection to disease-causing LSCs at the cost of the normal blood-forming HSCs. (lls.org)
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cell-extrinsic potent negative regulator of HSCs, was overexpressed in bone marrow niche cells from FLT3-ITD mice, and anti-TNF treatment partially rescued the HSC phenotype. (ox.ac.uk)

Enteric helminths form intimate physical connections with the intestinal epithelium, yet their ability to directly alter epithelial stem cell fate has not been resolved. (ircm.qc.ca)

Most clinical trials which utilize ADSCs for OA treatment have been based on the autologous cells from the stromal vascular fraction, as have most of the in vivo studies ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
We have shown that in the stomach, stem cell homeostasis is regulated by Wnt and Rspo secreted by stromal myofibroblasts 11 . (nature.com)
Within the colon, the Hedgehog protein signal does not act directly on the epithelium itself, but on underlying stromal cells to induce expression of IL-10, an immune-modulatory cytokine long known to suppress inflammatory intestinal damage. (postech.ac.kr)
this pharmacologic augmentation of Hedgehog pathway activity and stromal IL-10 expression are associated with increased presence of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. (postech.ac.kr)

We have also performed a systemic analysis to understand the functional regulation of these cells. (ca.gov)
Here we will focus on reviewing work describing the formation and regulation of the ovarian stem cell niche. (biomedcentral.com)

Adult stem cells remain in an undifferentiated state throughout adult life. (wikipedia.org)
It is believed that correct culturing conditions of adult stem cells needs to be improved so that adult stem cells can maintain their stemness over time. (wikipedia.org)
For this work, scientists have combined adult stem cells with a repurposed drug that improves healing to create a novel bioengineered scaffold that could someday lead to a new treatment for chronic diabetic ulcers," said Anthony Atala, M.D., Editor-in-Chief of STEM CELLS Translational Medicine and director of the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine. (ipscell.com)
Adult stem cells reside in specialized microenvironments, or niches, that support stem cell function and regulate their behavior. (nationalstemcelltherapy.com)

The vascular adhesion molecule, E-selectin (E-sel) is responsible for the tethering and rolling of leukocytes on perivascular endothelial BM niche cells (EC). (confex.com)
Evolutionary Differences in the Vegf/Vegfr Code Reveal Organotypic Roles for the Endothelial Cell Receptor Kdr in Developmental Lymphangiogenesis. (shengsci.com)

We identify two populations of cells with active Wnt signaling: highly proliferative Lgr5 + /Axin2 + cells, as well as secretory Lgr5 − /Axin2 + cells. (nature.com)
Lgr5 is a well-established marker of these basal stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract 1 and lineage tracing experiments have demonstrated that Lgr5 + cells give rise to clonal cell populations establishing entire colonic crypts 2 . (nature.com)
Like all stem cell populations, they become increasingly dysfunctional with age , however. (fightaging.org)

Smed-ETS-1 regulates cathepsin+ cell function and epidermal lineage landscape via basement membrane remodeling. (stanford.edu)
This domain interacts with adaptor molecules and activates a cascade which regulates the inflammatory status in cells [12]. (fortunejournals.com)

Our recent data show that bone marrow cells in the niche that express the Leptin receptor protein are the source of fibrosis via activation of a signaling network mediated by a protein called PDGFRa. (lls.org)
Interestingly, we observed reduced activation of PI3K and AKT in AML blasts as well as in BM CD31 + EC cells in the GMI-1271 treated PDX model. (confex.com)
dGLYAT was found to regulate Gadd45 -mediated JNK pathway activation and cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
Nonetheless, when cells rely on anaerobic glycolysis, like cancer cells and certain innate immune cells upon activation, other metabolic pathways sustain succinate levels, including glutamine-dependent anerplerosis to α-ketoglutarate, and eventually citrate by reductive carboxylation. (haematologica.org)
However, cancer cells overcome these controls, in particular by acquiring genetic mutations leading to the activation of oncogenes (pten, myc) or loss of tumor suppressors (p53) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
This activation is necessary for both cell proliferation as well as glucose uptake and use. (hindawi.com)

We further hypothesize that targeting the abnormal niche may help eliminate LSCs, preserve normal HSCs, and provide a potential cure to PMF. (lls.org)
Although previous studies suggested that the expression of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) initiates downstream of mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), FLT3 internal tandem duplications (FLT3 ITDs) have recently been suggested to intrinsically suppress HSCs. (ox.ac.uk)
Herein, single-cell interrogation found Flt3 mRNA expression to be absent in the large majority of phenotypic HSCs, with a strong negative correlation between Flt3 and HSC-associated gene expression. (ox.ac.uk)

ABSTRACT The intestinal epithelium exhibits rapid turnover mediated by intestinal stem cell (ISCs). (elsevierpure.com)

However, even these conditions may not truly mimic in vivo niche conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Though the concept of stem cell niche was prevailing in vertebrates, the first characterization of stem cell niche in vivo was worked out in Drosophila germinal development. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] By continuous intravital imaging in mice, researchers were able to explore the structure of the stem cell niche and to obtain the fate of individual stem cells (SCs) and their progeny over time in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
A similar dependence of self-renewal potential on proximity to the niche border was reported in the context of hair follicle, in an in vivo live-imaging study. (wikipedia.org)
These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
In vivo lineage tracing suggests Fgfbp1+ cells in the upper crypt give rise to Lgr5+ cells that repopulate the crypt base as well as cells that migrate in the opposite direction to replenish differentiated cells that line the villus that suggest their ISC function during homeostasis. (elsevierpure.com)
The existence of niches has long been predicted from mammalian studies, but identifying stem cells in their native environments in vivo has remained a challenge in most vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)

The systemic SHED-EV infusion ameliorated the SLE-like phenotypes in MRL/lpr mice and improved the functions of recipient BMMSCs by rescuing Tert mRNA-associated telomerase activity, hematopoietic niche formation, and immunoregulation. (elsevierpure.com)
PDX mice with advanced AML (more than 20% human AML cells circulation in peripheral blood) were administered Ven/HMA, GMI-1271, or combination for 2 days. (confex.com)
Mice transplanted with these human muscle stem cells develop hybrid muscle fibers with both murine and human cellular components. (ca.gov)
When used in mice, this antibody resulted in excellent donor stem cell take and cured mice that had a condition equivalent to human SCID. (ca.gov)
Here we demonstrate that infection of mice with the parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri (Hpb) , reprograms the intestinal epithelium into a fetal-like state marked by the emergence of Clusterin -expressing revival stem cells (revSCs). (ircm.qc.ca)
Here, we demonstrate that a systemic factor found in the circulation of young mice is able to increase the proliferation rate of old pancreatic β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
Old mice parabiosed to young mice have increased β-cell replication compared with unjoined old mice or old mice parabiosed to old mice. (diabetesjournals.org)
conversely, young β-cells transplanted into old mice decrease their replication rate compared with young cells transplanted into young recipients. (diabetesjournals.org)
however, we have recently found that a residual replicative potential is retained even in β-cells of very old mice ( 8 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Mice lacking Fh1 in pancreatic β cells (Fh1βKO mice) appear normal for 6-8 weeks but then develop progressive glucose intolerance and diabetes. (shengsci.com)
Using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we studied the development of ProSG, their SG descendants and testicular somatic cells during the perinatal period in mice. (biologists.com)

2018 . DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2018.01.028. (epfl.ch)

Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
Our fundamental interest is in the molecular pathways that control how potent as a stem is in terms of its ability to make new tissues in response to injury and disease. (ca.gov)
Lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides necessary for the biosynthesis of the daughter cells are mostly provided by intermediate metabolites of these pathways. (hindawi.com)
To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)
We also molecularly defined the development of Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells during the perinatal period, allowing us to identify candidate signaling pathways acting between somatic and germ cells in a stage-specific manner during the perinatal period. (biologists.com)

Stem-cell niche refers to a microenvironment, within the specific anatomic location where stem cells are found, which interacts with stem cells to regulate cell fate. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
These receptors allow leukemia cells to interact with their microenvironment and are accessible through antibody-mediated targeting, making them a promising therapeutic target. (lu.se)

Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
Our results support the use of DNA label retention to identify MaSC and also provide a molecular profile and novel candidate markers for these cells. (frontiersin.org)
One molecular candidate mediating different types of migration is Akna. (helmholtz-munich.de)

When transplanted into the muscle tissues of a recipient, these cells contribute to the formation of new muscle fibers better than freshly isolated stem cells. (ca.gov)
Without the self-renewing capacity of stem cells, these tissues quickly cease to function properly, leading to various conditions including infertility, anemia and immunodeficiency. (biomedcentral.com)
First proposed by Schofield in 1978 [ 3 ], the niche hypothesis posits that specific locations or microenvironments within tissues prevent the maturation of resident stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Adhesion to the bone marrow (BM) niche is critical for AML initiation, progression and leukemic stem cell (LSC) survival after induction therapy. (confex.com)
Cell invasion is a crucial step of tumor metastasis , finding new regulators of which offers potential drug targets for cancer therapy. (sdbonline.org)
A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
Successful stem cell therapy requires the exchange of diseased or non-functional stem cells with healthy ones. (ca.gov)
These healthy stem cells can come from either a donor or can be stem cells that are modified by gene therapy techniques. (ca.gov)
If the antibody treatment results a stronger blood system originating from a donor in SCID patients, this result would prove that the antibody could be used to optimize engraftment of gene-therapy modified cells and could be applied to the treatment the many other diseases that need a BMT. (ca.gov)
The Sickle Cell and Red Cell Disorders Curative Therapy Center (CuRED) offers integrated and coordinated care from multiple pediatric specialists for children with sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and other red cell disorders. (upenn.edu)
CuRED is also driving towards the development of their own gene therapy for sickle cell disease and thalassemia leveraging CHOP's world-class translational research expertise. (upenn.edu)

The ontogeny and fate of stem cells have been extensively investigated by lineage-tracing approaches. (nature.com)
In normal cells, the fate of pyruvate depends on many factors, one of which is oxygen availability. (hindawi.com)
Thus, BMP-mediated signaling via Smad4 is required to initiate neurogenesis from adult neural stem cells and suppress the alternative fate of oligodendrogliogenesis. (cipsm.de)

Currently, recipients that undergo BMT are treated with toxic agents such as radiation and chemotherapy in order to in order to eliminate their own blood forming stem cells and permit the donor cells to take and develop. (ca.gov)
GSCs typically undergo asymmetric self-renewing divisions, producing one daughter stem cell that remains associated with the cap cell niche and a second daughter that is displaced away from the niche and as a result differentiates. (biomedcentral.com)

Oncogenic Smurf1 promotes PTEN wild-type glioblastoma growth by mediating PTEN ubiquitylation. (ipscell.com)

Specialized microenvironments called niches help maintain stem cells in an undifferentiated and self-renewing state. (biomedcentral.com)

It was also shown that the two SC compartments acted in accord to maintain a constant cell population and a steady cellular turnover. (wikipedia.org)
The colonic epithelial turnover is driven by crypt-base stem cells that express the R-spondin receptor Lgr5. (nature.com)
Expression of Lgr5 is controlled by Wnt signaling, which plays a critical role for stem cell turnover in the gastrointestinal tract 2 . (nature.com)
Rspo proteins are secreted and can stabilize the effects of Wnt ligands by preventing ubiquitination and turnover of the Wnt receptor frizzled 9 , thereby dictating the size of the Lgr5 + stem cell pool by regulating self-renewal of Lgr5 + cells 10 . (nature.com)

We demonstrate that while Rspo3 from myofibroblasts maintains colonic Lgr5 + cells during homeostasis, during injury its main function is not to maintain Lgr5 + cells but to interact with more differentiated cells that express Lgr4 but not Lgr5 and are able to regain expression of Wnt target genes and generate new crypts. (nature.com)
This promising field may open new avenues to modulate inflammatory responses and to preserve blood cell homeostasis in the clinical setting. (haematologica.org)

In endochondral bone formation, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)-expressing RZSCs are the source of growth plate chondrocytes, which give rise to bone-forming osteoblasts as well as bone marrow skeletal stem cells 1 . (nature.com)
GPR91 is a G protein-coupled cell surface receptor for extracellular succinate (Sucnr1). (haematologica.org)
We propose to test a protein called an antibody that recognizes a molecule called CD117 present on blood forming stem cells. (ca.gov)
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest superfamily of cell-surface signaling proteins. (shengsci.com)
Here, we show that bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-mediated signaling is active in adult neural stem cells and is crucial to initiate the neurogenic lineage in the adult mouse subependymal zone. (cipsm.de)
We identified both gene and protein markers for three temporally distinct ProSG cell subsets, including a migratory cell population with a transcriptome distinct from the previously defined T1- and T2-ProSG stages. (biologists.com)
We encountered a protein, the originally called AT-Hook transcription factor AKNA, that was located with exquisite cell type specificity at the centrosome. (helmholtz-munich.de)

However, when these cells are stimulated to divide, and especially when the cells are grown in the laboratory, they very quickly lose their potency, as they do gradually during aging. (ca.gov)
It is hoped that restoring stem cell function in older individuals will go a long way towards producing slowed aging and improved health. (fightaging.org)
Aging of the hematopoietic system promotes various blood, immune, and systemic disorders and is largely driven by hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) dysfunction. (fightaging.org)

Fumarate Hydratase Deletion in Pancreatic β Cells Leads to Progressive Diabetes. (shengsci.com)
Conditional deletion of Smad4 in adult neural stem cells severely impairs neurogenesis, and this is phenocopied by infusion of Noggin, an extracellular antagonist of BMP. (cipsm.de)
Smad4 deletion in stem, but not progenitor cells, as well as Noggin infusion lead to an increased number of Olig2-expressing progeny that migrate to the corpus callosum and differentiate into oligodendrocytes. (cipsm.de)

Thorough characterization of these propagated cells suggests that they are suitable to be used in stem cell-based treatments of diseases and conditions of muscle degeneration. (ca.gov)

From Gizmodo Shady Stem Cell Therapies Can Cause Tumors, Infections, and Death, Doctors Report and here's the original article " Complications from "Stem Cell Tourism in Neurology . (ipscell.com)
The complexity of the human bone marrow, with context to haematological malignancies, is more difficult to elucidate with the present strategies compared to the niche of solid tumors. (fortunejournals.com)

Cell proliferation involves the replication of all cellular contents with the required energy for this to happen. (hindawi.com)
In normal cells, glucose participates in cellular energy production through glycolysis as well as through its complete catabolism via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (hindawi.com)
In some cases, the decline in proliferation reaches an irreversible state called cellular senescence, which is characterized by a total lack of cell divisions and altered cellular morphology, gene expression profile, and chromatin organization ( 3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Twenty years following Schofield's seminal publication, Xie and Spradling provided compelling experimental evidence that a cellular niche supports the maintenance of germline stem cells (GSCs) in the Drosophila adult ovary [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Decreased FAK phosphorylation and increased nuclear translocation were found in both co-cultured and PF-271-treated C4-2B cells, suggesting that FAK plays a key role in osteoblast-induced PCa dormancy. (bvsalud.org)

Hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow give rise to red blood cells and immune cells . (fightaging.org)
The global focus of his research program, supported by CIHR Project Grants, a Discovery Award by NSERC, a Synergy Award from the Kenneth Rainin Foundation and a Seed Grant Award by the McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, is to elucidate how immune cells promote the generation of protective immune responses against diseases by communicating with their local environment. (ircm.qc.ca)
In innate immunity, immune cells are activated by their pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which bind to pattern molecules of invading pathogens. (fortunejournals.com)
The TLRs and CLRs of the immune cells work in coordination with the immune system. (fortunejournals.com)

BACKGROUND: Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can enter a dormant state and cause no symptoms in cancer patients. (bvsalud.org)
Importantly, the mitochondrial-related biological processes were found up-regulated in both circulating tumor cells and bone metastases from PCa patients' data. (bvsalud.org)

These insights will probably inform the study of mammalian niches and how their malfunction contributes to human disease. (biomedcentral.com)

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of stem cell niche. (stanford.edu)

Within this project we performed the first total centrosome proteome analysis of human neural stem cells and neurons. (helmholtz-munich.de)
For example, some disease variants show significant overlap only with the neuronal centrosome proteome, and others, such as those of patients with periventricular heterotopia, only with the neural stem cell centrosome proteome. (helmholtz-munich.de)
This is the case for the splicing factor PRPF6 that we found at the centrosome specifically in neural cells and the mutation observed in a patients with periventricular heterotopia also caused some cells to remain at the ventricle in a preclinical model. (helmholtz-munich.de)

These diseases include, but are not limited to sickle cell and Fanconi's anemia, autoimmune diseases like diabetes and multiple sclerosis, and cancers that originate from the blood system such as leukemias and lymphomas. (ca.gov)

In particular in intestinal crypt, two distinct groups of SCs have been identified: the "border stem cells" located in the upper part of the niche at the interface with transit amplifying cells (TAs), and "central stem cells" located at the crypt base. (wikipedia.org)

We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)

Albeit a gap in knowledge still exists, the need to discover definite means to interfere with the complex interplay between the niches is imperative to define efficient chemotherapeutic strategies in future. (fortunejournals.com)

Our laboratory has developed a method to expand human muscle stem cells in culture conditions that retain their regenerative potency. (ca.gov)
Findings from these studies will give us cues on how to optimize therapeutic strategies involving human muscle stem cells. (ca.gov)

These cells normally exist in a dormant state and it is in that state that they are most potent. (ca.gov)

Anatomy50

Organisms7

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs29

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes29

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Differentiation17

Mesenchymal8

Neurogenic niches1

Regeneration13

Inflammation5

Malignant2

Tissue19

Vitro4

Pluripotent6

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Trans1

Macrophages2

20191

Biology10

Mechanisms5

Depletion3

Transplantation7

Regulate stem-cell2

Skeletal muscle2

Bone marrow niche3

Epithelial stem1

Stromal4

Regulation2

Adult stem4

Endothelial2

Populations3

Regulates2

Activation6

HSCs3

Abstract1

Vivo7

Mice11

20181

Pathways5

Microenvironment3

Molecular3

Tissues3

Therapy8

Fate3

Undergo2

PTEN1

Microenvironments1

Turnover4

Homeostasis2

Protein7

Aging3

Deletion3

Characterization1

Tumors2

Cellular4

Phosphorylation1

Immune cells4

Tumor cells2

Contributes1

Extracellular matrix1

Neural3

Cancers1

Crypt base1

Mammary3

Interplay1

Muscle stem2

Potent1