Mechanisms lymphocyte activation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Signal transduction down the Ras/MAPK pathway, including that critical to T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, has been generally considered to occur at the plasma membrane. (scielo.br)
This book discusses the mechanisms of transmembrane signal transduction during B-Cell Activation, the Regulation of Gene Expression during B-Cell Differentiation, Anti-immunoglobulin antibody induction of B-Lymphocyte activation and differentiation in vivo and in vitro, Helper signals in B-Lymphocyte differentiation, Growth and differentiation of b-cell clones in vitro, B-Cell tumors as models of lymphocyte differentiation, and Memory b-cell activation, differentiation, and isotype switching. (taylorfrancis.com)
The molecular mechanisms of plexin-mediated signal transduction are still rather unclear. (rupress.org)
A major emphasis of all of the projects is the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms for impairment of signal transduction cascades and gene expression during lymphocyte activation by drugs and chemicals. (msu.edu)
Current goals include elucidation of signal transduction events initiated through as well as independently of cannabinoid receptors, including the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARy), leading to aberrant cytokine gene expression by T lymphocytes. (msu.edu)

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) (also known as CD152) is a major negative regulator of T cell responses which interacts with the B7-1 (CD80) / B7-2 (CD86) ligands on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. (scielo.br)
Evidence has recently been obtained that two very different recombinatorial systems for lymphocyte antigen receptor diversification appeared at the beginning of vertebrate evolution approximately 500 million years ago. (scielo.br)
Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) generate a diverse repertoire of B and T cell antigen receptors through the rearrangement of immunoglobulin V, D, and J gene fragments, whereas jawless fish (agnathans) assemble diverse lymphocyte antigen receptor genes through the genomic rearrangement of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) - encoding molecules. (scielo.br)
Activation and degranulation of CAR-T cells using engineered antigen-presenting cell surfaces. (uc.edu)
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes were determined as the cellular effectors of GVHD, and the key role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in T-lymphocyte activation was established during the following years [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) endow T cells with antigen-specific recognition, activation, and proliferation independent of major histocompatibility complex ( 1 - 3 ). (snmjournals.org)
Immune escape is mainly caused by histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, abnormal antigen signaling mechanism, immunosuppressive components (such as HLA-G), Fas and its ligands to activate apoptosis and overexpression of other immunosuppressive molecules, such as lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) ( Steven and Seliger, 2018 ). (techscience.com)
The Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory was the first team to establish a role for a group of macrophages in acquiring antigen and presenting intact antigen to follicular B cells in lymph nodes in vivo . (labbulletin.com)
Given by intravenous injection, it is very effective at destroying normal and malignant B lymphocytes that are carrying the CD20 antigen. (dermnetnz.org)
The Fab portion binds to the CD20 antigen on the surface of pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. (dermnetnz.org)
The CD20 antigen is not found on stem cells or early pro- B cells so these can regenerate the B lymphocyte population. (dermnetnz.org)

PD1 blockade enhances K+ channel activity, Ca2+ signaling, and migratory ability in cytotoxic T lymphocytes of patients with head and neck cancer. (uc.edu)
The current understanding of aGVHD pathogenesis can be summarized as (1) initial tissue damage induced by the conditioning regimen followed by the denudation of auto- and alloantigens accompanied by massive inflammatory cytokine secretion ("cytokine storm") activating APCs, (2) auto- and alloantigen presentation mediated by APCs together with the costimulatory signaling prime donor's cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their proliferation, and (3) the migration of activated cellular effectors toward GVHD target tissues. (hindawi.com)

CeD is characterized by an infiltration of intraepithelial lymphocytes in the proximal part of the small intestine, crypt hyperplasia and the development of villous atrophy in the latest stages of the disease. (frontiersin.org)
CD11c is expressed by dendritic cells, a subset of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes (IEL) and some activated T cells. (thermofisher.com)

Kv1.3 Channels Mark Functionally Competent CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Head and Neck Cancer. (uc.edu)
Mechanisms of lymphocyte development and Tumor immunology and immunotherapy. (pharma-industry-review.com)

Human OC cell lines and treatment naïve patient ascites show differential effects on lymphocyte activation and respond differently to PD-1 blocking antibody nivolumab in TICS. (scilifelab.se)

CD3 expression and function Left Panel -Flow cytometric analysis of CD3 expression on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). (bdbiosciences.com)
These cells expand in the periphery, causing tissue infiltration and damage due to breakdown of both central (e.g., autoimmune regulator, AIRE protein dysfunction) and peripheral (FOXP3 + deficiency) tolerance mechanisms [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
The suggested mechanism for this phenomenon is the possible inability of the thymus to delete these abnormal clones due to compromise of both central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Faraone Mennella, M.R. Automodified Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Analysisto Monitor DNA Damagein Peripheral Lymphocytes of Floriculturists Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides. (preprints.org)
Methods: Peripheral lymphocyte lysates were analysed for Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase activity, and by SDS-PAGE and anti-Poly(ADP-Ribose)Polymerase 1-antibody to measure automodified anti-Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase levels by densitometry. (preprints.org)
Conclusions: PARP activity and auto-modification in peripheral blood lymphocytes are possible,non-invasive, and routinar tools to monitor the healthy conditions of floricoltorists. (preprints.org)
Morphologically, in the peripheral blood, these cells resemble mature lymphocytes. (medscape.com)

T cell immunity is at the center of the disease contributing to the inflammatory process through the loss of tolerance to gluten and the differentiation of HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8-restricted anti-gluten inflammatory CD4 + T cells secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and to the killing of intestinal epithelial cells by cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8 + lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, regulates the population of lymphocytes and dysregulation of this process results in the prolonged activation of IL that occurs during inflammation. (uwaterloo.ca)
Therefore, inducing apoptosis of IL is a viable mechanism by which inflammation and possibly colon carcinogenesis could be prevented. (uwaterloo.ca)

In this study, we have established and optimised an in vitro tumour-immune co-culture system (TICS), which is specifically designed to quantify the activation of multiple primary human lymphocyte subsets and human cancer cell killing in response to PD-1/L1 blockade. (scilifelab.se)
However, recent studies emphasize that the individual contribution of each of these cell subsets is not sufficient and that interactions between these different populations of T cells and the simultaneous activation of innate and adaptive immune pathways in distinct gut compartments are required to promote disease immunopathology. (frontiersin.org)

The field of Lymphocyte Surface Antigens and Activation Mechanisms is examined in two chapters. (scielo.br)
Following activation, B cells and T cells leave a lasting legacy of the antigens they have encountered in the form of memory cells . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
T cells are central to the process of transplant rejection through allorecognition of foreign antigens leading to their activation, and the orchestration of an effector response that results in organ damage. (lu.se)

Indeed, natural killer (NK) and lymphocyte-activated killer (LAK) cell activation has been demonstrated in vivo and in vitro, and recent genetic studies reveal increased expression of key immune cytokines in response to treatment with PSK. (nih.gov)

However, it remains unclear how human OC cancer cells regulate lymphocyte activation in response to therapy. (scilifelab.se)
While the autoreactive cells displayed significantly reduced Tregs numbers, the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes had high functional Tregs. (hindawi.com)
In some cases, T cells may present, as a result of residual autologous cells or transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
MHC-II molecules drive the development, activation, and homeostasis of CD4 + T-helper cells. (hindawi.com)
The origin of the reactive cells in such patients are either thymic release of T-cells that expand at the periphery or transplacentally transfers of maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
A distinctive feature of SCID patients, which sometimes can clinically resemble Omenn, [ 6 ] is the presence of alloreactive cells originated from transplacentally maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
The two main types of lymphocytes are T cells and B cells , which function in the adaptive immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Other lymphocyte-like cells are commonly known as natural killer cells, or NK cells, and are part of the innate immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The NK cells are sometimes labeled "large granular lymphocytes," while the T cells and B cells are labeled as "small lymphocytes. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
While offering protection against millions of possible invaders, including viruses , bacteria , are cancer cells, lymphocytes allow normal body cells and helpful, symbiotic bacteria to flourish at the same time. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
A stained lymphocyte surrounded by red blood cells viewed using a light microscope. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The two main categories of lymphocytes are the B lymphocytes ( B cells ) and T lymphocytes ( T cell ), both of which are involved in the adaptive immune system (Alberts 1989). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In addition, lymphocyte-like cells called natural killer (NK) cells are involved in the immune system, albeit part of the innate immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
2001). They were named "natural killer" because of the initial notion that they do not require prior activation in order to kill cells which are missing MHC class I. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Intestinal lymphocytes (IL) are immune cells that can participate in inflammation through the generation of cytokines and by causing direct cellular injury. (uwaterloo.ca)
Induction of Th2 cytokines occurred in CD4+T lymphocytes, indicating the activation of Th2 cells. (cdc.gov)
A small series of aminobisphosphonates (N-BPs) structurally related to zoledronic acid was synthesized with the aim of improving activity toward activation of human gammadelta T cells and in turn their in vivo antitumor activity. (ox.ac.uk)
The potent activation of gammadelta T cells, in addition to evidence of the in vivo antitumor activity of 6a, suggests it may be a new potential drug candidate for cancer treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
Our research team has uncovered several important poxvirus-sensing mechanisms leading to type I interferon (IFN) induction in various cell types including epithelial cells, macrophages and dendritic cell (DC) subtypes. (mskcc.org)
Chemotactic gradients are proposed to drive migration of B cells into follicles, followed by their relocation to specific zones of the follicle during activation, and ultimately egress. (nih.gov)
CD11c is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, some granulocytes and less so in a subset of lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
In these studies, the research team successfully used Imaris to visualize the long-standing interactions between CD169+ macrophages and iNKT cells and found very fast iNKT activation and cytokine secretion. (labbulletin.com)
The Fc portion then recruits immune cells that destroy these lymphocytes. (dermnetnz.org)
This article first discusses the role of T cells in transplant rejection, with a focus on the mechanisms of allorecognition and the alloresponse. (lu.se)
Studies sug- terized by flow cytometry using anti between the immune response and the gest that HCV inhibits receptor genes in CD3, CD56 and CD16 monoclonal virus replication rate [5] and play a cru- the activation of NK cells [20], and the antibodies. (who.int)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)
The autoimmune nature of diabetes and inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (as markers the major contribution of lymphocyte T- of inflammatory changes) and the soluble cells are well established. (who.int)

Carbon nanotube (CNT)-induced lung fibrosing lesions are delineated by an acute inflammation followed by chronic interstitial fibrosis, for which the molecular mechanism is largely unknown. (cdc.gov)
Remarkably, while have comparable TBK1, IRF3, NFκB activation as the WT/SAVI , the AQ/SAVI mice have no tissue inflammation, regular body weight, and normal lifespan. (bvsalud.org)
Activation of T lymphocytes seems to help maintain eosinophilic inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)

We suggest that a high-tolerance capacity of the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes represents a toleration advantage, yet still associated with severe immunodeficiency. (hindawi.com)
Although immunity is extensively impaired in such cases, regulatory tolerance mechanisms are not known to be affected [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether DAbR1 can be expressed on lymphocytes and used as a reporter gene as well as a suicide gene for therapy of immune-related adverse effects. (snmjournals.org)

Not only the molecular differences leading to the different clinical presentations need to be better understood, but also the pathogenic mechanisms of CLE in general: the precise role of involved cell types, the impact of different cytokines described in the disease, and their interaction and regulation in a complex network need further exploration. (frontiersin.org)
Some studies suggest that PSK may act to increase leukocyte activation and response through up-regulation of key cytokines. (nih.gov)

At present, the family consists of six sub-families comprising a total of 13 separate isoforms that differ in their mode of activation, expression levels, catalytic regulation, cellular localization, membrane binding avidity and tissue distribution. (wikipedia.org)
Our data indicate that ErbB-2 is an important component of the plexin-B receptor system and that ErbB-2-mediated phosphorylation of plexin-B1 is critically involved in Sema4D-induced RhoA activation, which underlies cellular phenomena downstream of plexin-B1, including axonal growth cone collapse. (rupress.org)
Dr Patricia Barral and her colleagues study the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling lymphocyte activation and eventual fate. (labbulletin.com)

Our results illustrate how sequences outside of minimal enhancer regions can evolve functionally through mechanisms other than changes in transcription factor binding sites that drive patterning. (janelia.org)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (chronic lymphoid leukemia, CLL) is a monoclonal disorder characterized by a progressive accumulation of functionally incompetent lymphocytes (see the image below). (medscape.com)

The exact contribution of each mechanism remains unclear, and different mechanisms may prevail in various diseases. (dermnetnz.org)
The in vivo significance and mechanism of STING-mediated cell death is unclear. (bvsalud.org)
However, the biomarkers sICAM-1 and sE-selectin (as mechanism of this immune dysregulation markers of endothelial dysfunction) in dia- is still unclear. (who.int)

CD11a is a leukocyte marker that is expressed in B and T lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils. (thermofisher.com)

Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms through which alimentary cues modulate metabolic, microbial and neuroendocrine circuitries and thus affect the probability of developing premalignant lesions that progress to clinically manifested disease and the response to therapeutic intervention. (nature.com)
2 3 Research studies have identified various features relevant to the pathogenesis of CFS/ME such as viral infection, immune abnormalities and immune activation, exposure to toxins, chemicals and pesticides, stress, hypotension, lymphocyte abnormalities and neuroendocrine dysfunction. (bmj.com)

Human ovarian cancer intrinsic mechanisms regulate lymphocyte activation in response to immune checkpoint blockade. (scilifelab.se)
My laboratory is interested in ion channels and the membrane mechanisms that regulate the activation and function of T lymphocytes. (uc.edu)

Using STING knock-in mice, we found that lymphocytes from the HAQ , AQ , and Q293 mice are resistant to STING-mediated cell death ex vivo , establishing a critical role of STING residue 293 in cell death. (bvsalud.org)

We investigated whether these two markers (increased catalytic activity and auto modification), could help to monitor DNA damage in lymphocytes of flower growers from Southern Italy, occupationally exposed to pesticides. (preprints.org)

A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in the vertebrate immune system . (newworldencyclopedia.org)

In accordance, knockdown of IFNγ receptor expression compromises response to nivolumab in the treatment naïve OC cell line, while enhanced HLA expression induced by a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor promotes lymphocyte activation in TICS. (scilifelab.se)

Inhalation of agents in the workplace can induce asthma in a mechanisms involved in asthma. (cdc.gov)

The fluorescence histogram showing CD3 expression (or Ig Isotype control staining) was derived from gated events with the forward and side light-scatter characteristics of viable lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
The fluorescence histograms showing CD25 expression were derived from either CD4+ (Left Histograms) or CD8+ (Right Histograms) gated events with the light-scatter characteristics of viable lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)

However, the success of CAR T-cell therapy for solid tumors has been limited so far, and the mechanisms for the tumor's treatment resistance are not well understood. (snmjournals.org)

We performed a genome-wide microarray analysis of lungs exposed to single dose multi-walled CNT (MWCNT) by pharyngeal aspiration for 7 days and compared to vehicle and carbon black controls, to identify differentially expressed genes and mechanisms that potentially function in the development of CNT-induced lung fibrosis. (cdc.gov)
Activation of Th2-type responses is featured by the activation of Il-4Ra/STAT6 and the up-regulation of GATA-3, which serves as a transcription factor and mediates the transactivation of Th2 target genes, in CD4+cess. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we explore different signaling pathways and associated molecular mechanisms of underlying primary breast cancer development, along with the formation of metastases in the bone. (degruyter.com)
Background: Increased DNA damage and the propension to cancer development, depend on the modulation of the mechanisms to control and maintain genomic integrity. (preprints.org)

We thus conclude that the administration of CMF in the adjuvant setting leads to a pronounced and prolonged impairment of certain immune mechanisms. (curehunter.com)

Your infantile ebook mechanisms of lymphocyte activation and immune regulation viii autoimmunity 2000 and beyond to Hint example. (soria.de)
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However, an allergic mechanism, with tissue directly injured by eosinophils and neutrophil degranulation products, may be involved. (msdmanuals.com)
however, the mechanism(s) by which PM enhances the allergic response remains to be determined. (cdc.gov)
Our findings suggest that fine PM enhances allergic inflammatory response in pulmonary tissue through mechanisms involving increased oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)

Conclusion A population pharmacokinetic model of sublingually administered tacrolimus in paediatric patients was developed to characterize different absorption mechanisms. (unav.edu)
One major research focus is to characterize the mechanism for immune modulation by cannabinoid compounds. (msu.edu)

However, the precise underlying disease mechanisms and means by which these abnormalities inter-relate in patients with CFS/ME, remain to be clarified. (bmj.com)
17 These intriguing data for which there is ample supporting data (briefly described above) strongly suggest a new and hitherto unrecognised disease mechanism in patients with CFS/ME, which in my opinion, could trigger and perpetuate this disease. (bmj.com)
et 20 témoins en bonne santé ne présentant pas d'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C. Une réduction importante de la fréquence des cellules tueuses naturelles totales dans le groupe des patients porteurs d'une infection chronique a été observée par rapport au groupe des témoins ( P = 0,001) ou au groupe des patients dont l'infection a connu une résolution spontanée ( P = 0,01). (who.int)
DNA Repair Mechanisms are Activated in Circulating Lymphocytes of Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients. (cdc.gov)
Les IFN et les IL-10 étaient signi cativement élevés chez ceux qui présentaient une néphropathie diabétique (ND) et une maladie rénale en phase terminale (MRPT) par rapport aux témoins et aux patients diabétiques sans ND. (who.int)

Targeted knockdown of Kv1.3 channels in T lymphocytes corrects the disease manifestations associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. (uc.edu)

One critical mechanism in CLE is the chronic reactivation of innate and adaptive immune pathways. (frontiersin.org)

It is possible that the primarily carnivorous diet of our ancestors, which ensured a consistently high dietary intake of DHA and AA, precluded the need to evolve efficient conversion mechanisms. (thehealthyskeptic.org)

We used immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and functional assays to study molecular mechanisms of B-cell migration within human LNs, and found subtle but important differences to previous murine models. (nih.gov)

A dominant-negative form of ErbB-2 blocks Sema4D-induced RhoA activation as well as axonal growth cone collapse in primary hippocampal neurons. (rupress.org)

The 27 members of the program aim to evaluate the causes, chemical and molecular mechanisms, and prevention of carcinogenesis and to develop practical methods for cancer prevention. (pharma-industry-review.com)

In a very interesting chapter, Z. PANCER and M. D. COOPER first consider the emergence of lymphocytes as a novel circulatory cell type in vertebrates and then discuss phylogenetic aspects of the superfamily of LRR - containing proteins and their role in immunity. (scielo.br)
Deng, Y., Jing, Y., Campbell, A. E. & Gravenstein, S. Age-related impaired type 1 T cell responses to influenza: reduced activation ex vivo , decreased expansion in CTL culture in vitro , and blunted response to influenza vaccination in vivo in the elderly. (nature.com)
A second major research focus is the characterization of the molecular mechanism responsible for altered B cell function produced by halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenols. (msu.edu)
B lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell. (dermnetnz.org)
STING activation induces lymphocyte cell death that is independent of type I IFNs. (bvsalud.org)
To understand the mechanisms of resistance to glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone, we generated dexamethasone-resistant B-ALL cell lines in paper I. One such resistant cell line was found to possess increased FLT3 expression levels with FLT3-ITD and FLT3-R845G mutations that led to the activation of oncogenic RTK signaling. (lu.se)
We thus studied the mechanisms of venetoclax resistance using a panel of T-ALL cell lines in paper III. (lu.se)
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading selectin), and soluble thrombomodulin--are cause of chronic renal failure and is a grow- providing further evidence of the relation- ing concern given the increasing incidence ship between endothelial cell activation and of type 2 diabetes. (who.int)

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a single human lymphocyte. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

The adaptive immune system is based on dedicated lymphocytes. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

In contrast, the mechanism of the type of occupational asthma that occurs without latency after high-level exposure to irritants remains undetermined. (cdc.gov)

Your ebook mechanisms of lymphocyte activation and immune regulation viii were a miscarriage that this JavaScript could actually be. (soria.de)

Anatomy40

Organisms16

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs116

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes47

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Signal transduction5

Antigen11

Cytotoxic2

Intraepithelial lymphocytes2

Tumor2

Blocking antibody1

Peripheral7

Differentiation1

Apoptosis2

Subsets2

Antigens3

Vivo and in vitro1

Cells27

Inflammation3

Tolerance2

Gene1

Cytokines2

Cellular3

Functionally2

Unclear3

Macrophages1

Neuroendocrine2

Regulate2

Mice1

Pesticides1

Leukocyte1

Inhibitor1

Induce1

Viable2

Tumors1

Genes2

Development2

Impairment1

Autoimmunity3

Allergic3

Characterize2

Patients5

Manifestations1

Pathways1

Evolve1

Flow cytometry1

Growth1

Methods1

Cell8

Human1

Adaptive1

Type1

Regulation1