Mechanisms cell cycle progression proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Medical search. Frequent questions

To investigate in vivo molecular mechanisms of silibinin efficacy, tumors and uninvolved skin from tumor-bearing mice were examined immunohistochemically for proliferation, p53, apoptosis, and activated caspase-3. (nih.gov)
Together, these results show a strong preventive efficacy of silibinin against photocarcinogenesis, which involves the inhibition of DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and cell cycle progression and an induction of apoptosis. (nih.gov)
Evidence of cell proliferation was obtained by evaluating PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) expression using immunohistochemistry. (umaine.edu)
F1 and F2 males show increased cell proliferation at concentrations as low as 10ppb suggesting a transgenerational effect of arsenic. (umaine.edu)
Molecular changes in lung tissues of F1 generation females suggest increased cell proliferation while the F2 generation shows an inhibition or delay in cell cycle progression. (umaine.edu)
This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. (lookformedical.com)
The cell cycle is the process of accurate self-reproduction and proliferation of a cell. (intechopen.com)
Misregulation of the cell cycle may result in malignant cell proliferation, tumorigenesis or cell death. (intechopen.com)
The present study was to investigate the protection of resveratrol (RSV) in diabetes associated with kidney inflammation and cell proliferation. (hindawi.com)
In vitro , RSV attenuated high glucose-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) expression and mesangial cell proliferation, as well as Akt and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) activation. (hindawi.com)
These results suggest that RSV prevents diabetes-induced renal inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation possibly through Akt/NF- κ B pathway inhibition. (hindawi.com)
Accumulated data suggest that the predicted evolution of diabetic glomerulopathy is comprised of an early, transient mesangial cell proliferation and subsequent hypertrophy of these cells that herald the slow progression into glomerulosclerosis [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
demonstrated that RSV prevented high glucose-induced kidney mesangial cell proliferation and fibronectin expression through inhibition of high glucose-induced JNK and NF- B activation, NADPH oxidase activity elevation, and reactive oxygen species production [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
In the present study, therefore, we aimed to determine whether RSV treatment attenuated renal inflammation and mesangial cell proliferation under diabetic condition both in vivo and in vitro . (hindawi.com)
Overexpression of this gene is associated with tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
Transwell migration, cell cycle analysis, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to determine the effect of DRAM2 overexpression and knockdown on NSCLC-cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
Additionally, DRAM2 overexpression promoted cell metastasis and proliferation in vitro, while knockdown of DRAM2 expression yielded opposite result. (cancerindex.org)
Our extensive molecular and genome wide studies as well as analysis of human cancer samples suggest that WDR5-H3T11P interaction integrates epigenetic cross talk in driving androgen receptor target gene expression, prostate cancer cell proliferation and disease progression. (northwestern.edu)
NF-kappaB and AP-1 transcriptional factors contribute to the development and progression of prostate malignancy by regulating the expression of genes involved in proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. (positivehealth.com)
The above studies shows how Vitamin E succinate interacts in different ways with the complex array of genes involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer - genes involved in proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesia and metastasis. (positivehealth.com)
Both DBF4 and CDC7 may be potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for HCC, and high expression of DDK members predicts a worse prognosis in patients with HCC, which may be associated with high tumor cell proliferation rate. (biomedcentral.com)
Uncontrolled cell proliferation is one of the greatest features of all tumor cells, and there is abundant evidence that blocking cell proliferation or cell cycle processes has the potential to alleviate or cure tumors [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA replication is pivotal to tumor cell proliferation and is a fundamental process. (biomedcentral.com)
The proliferation of choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) is one important step in the formation of new vessels. (molvis.org)
Transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) can promote the proliferation of multiple cancer cells, corneal endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, which participate in angiogenesis. (molvis.org)
This study showed that YAP upregulation promoted CNV formation by upregulating the proliferation of endothelial cells, providing evidence for the molecular mechanisms of CNV and suggesting a novel molecular target for nAMD treatment. (molvis.org)
Among them, VEGF-A can promote the division and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and neovascularization and maintain the survival of new vessels. (molvis.org)
Potential synergistic effects of various combinations including these compounds were tested by measuring cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. (frontiersin.org)
Among its different constituents, Astragalus polysaccharides have been most widely studied particularly for their immunopotentiating properties, such as stimulation of murine B cell proliferation and cytokine production ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Our results indicated that AST inhibits cell proliferation through phase-specific cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Here, we report that the central proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α acts as a diffusible mediator of the bystander effects induced by macrophages, an effect caused by a proliferation of macrophages that trigger epithelial cell production of Netrin-1, a neuronal guidance molecule. (aacrjournals.org)
Extending these observations, colon biopsies from E. faecalis -colonized IL-10 −/− mice exhibited crypt hyperplasia and increased staining for macrophages, TNF-α, netrin-1, NF-κB, Tnfrsf1b, and the proliferation marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen while also displaying a reduction in epithelial cell apoptosis. (aacrjournals.org)
An obvious requirement for the stringent control of cell cycle progression is the prevention of deregulated proliferation - loss of control may result in tumors and cancers. (janechin.net)
However, a function for SET8 in mammalian cell proliferation has not been determined. (rupress.org)
We show that small interfering RNA inhibition of SET8 expression leads to decreased cell proliferation and accumulation of cells in S phase. (rupress.org)
Many laboratories have focused on the functions of the clock genes and proteins that are involved in cellular activities, including cell survival, cell cycle regulation, proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, and tumor promotion or suppression [ 5 , 6 ]. (explorationpub.com)
ACNVs were found to possess specific antitumor cell proliferation activity associated with an apoptosis-inducing pathway. (dovepress.com)
An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Previous studies have demonstrated that glycolysis inhibitors reduce the proliferation of non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by interfering with the aerobic glycolytic pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
High expression of RAD18 facilitated a highly stem-cell phenotype through the Hippo/YAP pathway, which supports the proliferation of TNBC. (nature.com)
pointed out that Mage-D1 may participate in the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the differentiation of odontoblasts through the NF-κB signalling pathway 21 . (researchsquare.com)
The prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor SUAM-14746 attenuates the proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines in vitro. (cancerindex.org)
The effects of POP inhibition and knockdown on the proliferation of cultured human estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) MCF7 and T47D, and ER-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and the MCF12A non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line were tested by analyzing their influence on cell proliferation (WST-1 assay), cell viability (trypan blue exclusion assay), and cell cycle arrest (cell cycle analysis, cell cycle regulator proteins expression). (cancerindex.org)
Low power laser irradiation (LPLI) promotes proliferation of multiple cells, which (especially red and near infrared light) is mainly through the activation of mitochondrial respiratory chain and the initiation of cellular signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell proliferation is a very important physiological effect for low power laser irradiation (LPLI) used in clinical practice. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the mechanisms of cell proliferation induced by LPLI are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, a large number of signaling proteins reported play an important key role in the process of LPLI-induced cell proliferation, probably due to the fact that the molecular events they are involved in are the basic response of the cells to extracellular stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
then we review the studies on the molecular mechanisms of LPLI-induced proliferation since January 1999, which will serve as a reference for the researchers in this field. (biomedcentral.com)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)
Functional loss of p16 may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation 3,4 . (bvsalud.org)

We previously showed that the Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) is expressed in the rodent ovarian follicles at the earliest sign of growth [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
They were then stained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and DNA intensity as a reference standard for their cell cycle position (G1, S, G2, M). The multispectral data was split into training and testing datasets and models were generated to discriminate between G1, S, and G2 + M phase cells. (edu.au)
Previously we have shown that DDB2, a protein involved in the Global Genome Repair, interacts directly with PCNA and, in human cells, the loss of this interaction affects DNA repair machinery. (biomedcentral.com)
The results have shown that DDB2 Wt recognize and repair the UV-induced lesions in plasmidic DNA transfected in the cells, whereas a delay in these processes were observed in the presence of DDB2 PCNA- , as also confirmed by the different extent of co-localization of DDB2 Wt and some NER proteins (such as XPG), vs the DDB2 mutant form. (biomedcentral.com)
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in CNV mice without or with YAP siRNA intravitreal injection and the colocalization of PCNA and CD31 were measured with western blotting and immunofluorescent double staining, respectively. (molvis.org)
Additionally, after laser exposure, YAP siRNA inhibited the increased expression of PCNA, which was colocalized with endothelial cells. (molvis.org)
Administration of POS extract reversed the ACR-induced epididymides weight loss with improved semen quality and count, ameliorated the ACR-decreased testicular lesion scoring, testicular oxidative stress, testicular degeneration, Leydig cell apoptosis and the dysregulated PCNA and Caspase-3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)

Androgen deprivation therapy induces apoptosis or cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. (oncotarget.com)
Using constructs downregulating or overexpressing MCL1 we demonstrate that expression of MCL1 prevents induction of apoptosis when PCa cells are grown under steroid-deprived conditions. (oncotarget.com)
The BH3-mimetic Obatoclax induces apoptosis and decreases MCL1 expression in androgen-sensitive PCa cells, while castration-resistant PCa cells are less sensitive and react with an upregulation of MCL1 expression. (oncotarget.com)
Studies on male rodents suggested that chronic ACR exposure resulted in testicular cytotoxicity indicated by vacuolization, multiple nuclei formation, abnormal giant cell, atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
The ability of the host to trigger apoptosis in infected cells is perhaps the most powerful tool by which viruses can be cleared from the host organism. (mdpi.com)
To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mechanisms that enable the cells they infect to elude both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
In this manuscript, we review the current literature regarding how HPV-infected cells avoid apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms involved in these events. (mdpi.com)
Many of the current efforts regarding anti-cancer drug development are focused on directing tumor cells to undergo apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
RNAi-mediated attenuation of Tnfrsf1b decreased TNF-α-induced netrin-1 production and augmented epithelial cell apoptosis in culture. (aacrjournals.org)
This indolamine advances apoptosis, which arrests the cell cycle and regulates metabolic activity. (explorationpub.com)
Melatonin has oncostatic properties that are mediated by induction of apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle, regulation of metabolic activity, and the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) activity [ 9 ]. (explorationpub.com)
Cytotoxicity, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing capacity of ACNVs against hepatoma carcinoma cell were assessed. (dovepress.com)
Other authors have shown attenuated germ cell apoptosis SB-742457 kinase inhibitor following antioxidant therapy. (hifsignaling.com)
Germ cell apoptosis was inhibited which has a substantial attenuation in testis fat reduction compared to untreated cryptorchid rats. (hifsignaling.com)
Zini et al concluded that nitric oxide may possibly possess a central position in germ cell apoptosis from the testis. (hifsignaling.com)
We found that the sole presence of N-cad induces constitutively active fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signaling and a precocious involution resulting in massive apoptosis of alveolar cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

It was interesting to detect higher expression of cell cycle genes and proteins in offspring of dams exposed to 10 ppb, especially because it is the maximum allowable level in drinking water. (umaine.edu)
Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
Function of RSV has been extensively explored for its powerful antioxidant capacity and specific effects on proteins and/or signaling cascades, such as Sirt1, adenosine monophosphate activated kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and JNK/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- B) in DN both in vivo and in vitro [ 8 - 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. (cancerindex.org)
DRAM2 overexpression also increased proteins CDK4, CyclinD3, and decreased p27 expression, all of which are cell cycle-related factors. (cancerindex.org)
One of Chakravarti's major research interests is to determine the mechanisms of steroid hormone and vitamin signaling with special emphasis on the role of the nuclear hormone receptor co-regulatory proteins in gene transcription. (northwestern.edu)
These studies are important because they identify these proteins as key transducers of chromatin signaling during cell cycle progression. (northwestern.edu)
We, in a dogma changing study demonstrated that key cell cycle genes are regulated by HCFC1 cofactor recruitment not by the E2F proteins but by a THAP11-ZNF143 transcriptional complex. (northwestern.edu)
VES supplementation also decreases the expression of anti-apoptotic XIAP and Bcl-X(L) proteins and sensitizes androgen-dependent LNCaP cells to androgen deprivation. (positivehealth.com)
Factors mandating cellular consequence include cell surface-receptors, cytoplasmic proteins, and nuclear proteins. (janechin.net)
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry is commonly used to analyze biological molecules such as proteins, peptides and lipids from cells or tissue. (koreascience.kr)
LPLI-induced cell cycle progression can be regulated by the activation or elevated expressions of cell cycle-specific proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
ATR/Mec1 phosphorylates a variety of proteins substrates after that, a lot of which promote DNA replication conclusion and therefore cell success (11, 12). (colinsbraincancer.com)
Eukaryotic expression vectors containing genes encoding plant proteins for killing of cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
consequently, genes encoding some of these proteins are being used to design constructs for the inhibition of multiplying cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

The lab is also characterizing members of a novel THAP domain protein family regarding their roles in gene regulation, chromatin signaling, cell growth and differentiation and cancer. (northwestern.edu)
and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, RAD18 functions beyond DNA repair and may regulate many other key biological processes, such as chromatin strengthening, cell survival/death, stemness, and differentiation. (nature.com)
Further studies confirmed that p75NTR participates in the regulation of tooth development maybe by changing the activity of the key factor distal-less homeobox/msh homeobox (Dlx/Msx), and melanoma-associated antigen D1 (Mage-D1) seems to be play a role in the differentiation and mineralization of EMSCs 5 , 6 . (researchsquare.com)
Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)

Furthermore, these results also identify in vivo molecular mechanisms of silibinin efficacy against photocarcinogenesis. (nih.gov)
For the refinement of RCC therapeutic strategies, a better realization of the RCC-underlying molecular mechanisms will be mandatory [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Molecular mechanisms may involve the migration of bacterial metabolites from the gut to the liver and activation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). (researchsquare.com)
Thus, we provide a new mouse model to investigate the molecular mechanisms of fibrocystic mastopathy and the transition from benign to malignant tumors. (biomedcentral.com)

Recent studies demonstrated that piperine potentiates curcumin's inhibitory effect on tumor progression via enhancing its delivery and therapeutic activity. (frontiersin.org)
The availability of a sophisticated genetic tool box makes Drosophila an excellent genetic model well suited to studying the biology of Lunasin and its effect on tumor progression in an in vivo model organism. (weeksmd.com)

Unfortunately, the intimate mechanisms leading to the development and progression of this disease are complex and not yet fully understood [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, inflammation is also an important pathophysiological factor in the development and progression of DN [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
CRISPEN and COLLEAGUES, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA studied the interaction with and modulation of Vitamin E succinate upon transcriptional factors involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer. (positivehealth.com)

In more recent years, findings of persistent postirradiation genomic instability, bystander effects, and other types of cellular response have posed additional questions regarding the mechanisms underlying the cytogenetic and mutagenic effects of radiation and their potential to contribute to radiation tumorigenesis. (nationalacademies.org)
These findings indicate miR-34a along with its putative target genes could play a role in RCC tumorigenesis and progression. (hindawi.com)
Our previous study has revealed that Candida tropicalis ( C. tropicalis ) promotes colorectal tumorigenesis by enhancing immunosuppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and increasing accumulation of MDSCs, but the underlying mechanisms remain unestablished. (biomedcentral.com)
Blockade of PKM2 nuclear translocation attenuates C. tropicalis -mediated colorectal tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Cell viability was determined by propidium iodide staining. (positivehealth.com)

1 , 2 In recent years, mammalian cell-derived exosomes (a type of extracellular vesicle) have been widely used in the field of biomedicine, including diagnosis, regulation of disease progression and drug delivery. (dovepress.com)

However, in recent years, there has been increasing evidence that metformin exerts its anticancer effects through the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of tumor cell mitochondria, and metabolic pathways based on metformin targeting have only recently become the focus of intensive research. (spandidos-publications.com)
We previously showed that decreased ATR function engenders deep inhibition of NER particularly during S stage in a number of individual cell types (13, 14). (colinsbraincancer.com)

We have identified key nuclear receptors that influence leiomyoma. (northwestern.edu)
Mouse hepatitis virus utilizes two carcinoembryonic antigens as alternative receptors. (uci.edu)
The mammalian cell is furnished with receptors linked to interactive series of cytoplasmic networks for controlling cellular processes. (janechin.net)
However, nuclear receptors are also associated with melatonin activity. (explorationpub.com)

Additionally, immunohistochemistry results indicated that RSV treatment reduced the density of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells significantly in glomeruli of diabetic mice. (hindawi.com)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Melatonin can disrupt estrogen-mediated cellular pathways, ensuing in a lattice drop of estrogenic stimulus to the breast cancer cells. (explorationpub.com)
However, exact underlying mechanisms including signaling pathways downstream of receptor ligation are still under pursuit. (koreascience.kr)
The E3 ubiquitin ligase RAD18 is well known for the maintenance of genome stability and cell survival through many DNA damage response (DDR) pathways such as translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) and homologous recombination repair (HRR) [ 4 , 5 ]. (nature.com)

Pseudolymphoma is characterized by a benign infiltration of lymphoid cells or histiocytes which microscopically resembles a malignant lymphoma. (lookformedical.com)
In response to endogenous and exogenous insults, malignant cells mostly have an intensive DNA repair capacity that allows them to proliferate and survive. (nature.com)
Numerous vectors have been engineered for the sole purpose of killing cancer cells, and some have successfully suppressed malignant tumours. (weeksmd.com)
Immunohistochemical identification of molecular genetic events in the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell squamous-cell carcinoma enables early detection of lesions with the potential for malignant progression, thus permitting timely intervention 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)
Studies suggest that expression of cystatin A is inversely associated with malignant progression of cancer 9 . (bvsalud.org)

Using PCa cellular models in vitro and in vivo we show that MCL1 expression is upregulated in androgen-deprived PCa cells. (oncotarget.com)
TNF-α-mediated bystander assays used a murine coculture system of primary colonic epithelial cells and E. faecalis -infected macrophages ( in vitro ), with an interleukin 10 (IL-10)-deficient mouse model of colon cancer that involves long-term colonization with E. faecalis ( in vivo ). (aacrjournals.org)
In vivo antitumor activity and toxicity were evaluated in Hep G2 cell xenograft model. (dovepress.com)
In tissue culture IN showed no vital cytotoxic action in the amount of cell lines at doses under M. In vivo day by day injection of IN in mice with established prostate cancer xenografts led to a significant reduce while in the tumor growth price in association with an enhanced CTL response. (hifsignaling.com)
In addition, NK cells stimulated with lunasin plus cytokines displayed higher tumoricidal activity than those stimulated with cytokines alone using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. (weeksmd.com)

The innermost layer of an artery or vein, made up of one layer of endothelial cells and supported by an internal elastic lamina. (lookformedical.com)
Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils, histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells. (lookformedical.com)

Data from the F1 generation support in vitro studies of arsenic-related cell cycle dysregulation done in other laboratories. (umaine.edu)
Results: LED produced in vitro increases of cell growth of 140-200% in mouse-derived fibroblasts, rat-derived osteoblasts, and rat-derived skeletal muscle cells, and increases in growth of 155-171% of normal human epithelial cells. (researchgate.net)
In vitro studies using infra-/red light have not shown any useful impact on wound healing by activating cells located in deeper skin layers such as fibroblasts or stem cells [2] . (researchgate.net)
Selenium has been reported to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro. (positivehealth.com)

Furthermore, we find that SET8 interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen through a conserved motif, and SET8 is required for DNA replication fork progression. (rupress.org)
Nuclear PKM2 interacts with HIF-1α and subsequently upregulates the expression of HIF-1α target genes encoding glycolytic enzymes, GLUT1, HK2, PKM2, LDHA and PDK1, which are required for the C. tropicalis -induced aerobic glycolysis of MDSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

This theory holds that tumors arise from 1 of 2 undifferentiated stem cells: the excretory duct reserve cell or the intercalated duct reserve cell. (medscape.com)
This theory more logically explains neoplasms that contain multiple discrete cell types, such as pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors. (medscape.com)
Our previous study showed that it plays an essential role in the progression of multiple tumors. (nature.com)
TAMs are the major inflammatory cells in the TME, and are closely related to poor outcomes in several types of tumors [ 11 ]. (nature.com)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
Expression of p63 is almost exclusively restricted to epithelial cells, mutations in this gene are infrequent, and its expression is increased in a variety of solid tumors, particularly those of the head and neck area 12,13 . (bvsalud.org)
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)

Immunofluorescent double staining was used to detect YAP cellular localization with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) antibody. (molvis.org)
This Antibody was verified by Relative expression to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)

In combination with a conditional gene inactivation approach, we expressed N-cad in the absence of E-cad (referred to as Ncadk.i.) in alveolar epithelial cells of the mammary gland starting in late pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
The mammary gland (MG) consists of lobulo-alveolar structures formed by epithelial cells expressing E-cad [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Myoepithelial cells surround the alveoli and provide mechanical stimuli to the epithelial cells of the alveoli during the lactation process. (biomedcentral.com)

Foxm1, Cdc6 and Cdc25a are three critical genes involved in regulating a normal cell cycle. (umaine.edu)
Altered expression of these genes may lead to abnormalities in the cell cycle and eventually cause genomic instability. (umaine.edu)
Findings from this study suggest transplacental arsenic exposure alters the expression of genes involved in regulation of the cell cycle and may be a probable mechanism involved in causing human diseases. (umaine.edu)
These studies are highly significant because it changes the paradigm that E2F mediated HCFC1 recruitment is critical for expression of cell cycle target genes, and raises the possibility that E2F participates in this process by recruiting factors other than HCFC1, thereby promoting new directions of research in this highly active field. (northwestern.edu)
It upregulated the declined level of serum testosterone and the expression of steroidogenic genes such as CYP11A1 and 17β3-HSD with an obvious histologic improvement of the testes with re-establishment of the normal spermatogenic series, Sertoli and Leydig cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these genes identified an overrepresentation of genes related to the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
We discovered an unprecedented burst of differential expression of cell cycle related genes at one particular point during transition to flowering. (biomedcentral.com)

Altogether, our results suggest that MCL1 is a key molecule deciding over the fate of PCa cells upon inactivation of androgen receptor signaling. (oncotarget.com)
Nuclear receptor and epigenomic regulation of Uterine Fibroids (Mol. (northwestern.edu)
In cell cocultures, we observed increased expression of the TNF-α receptor Tnfrsf1b and Netrin-1. (aacrjournals.org)
Binding of DEHP to progesterone receptor (PR) represents a potential mechanism of interference in the reproductive functions. (endometriosi.it)
In our previous studies, EMSCs were obtained from rat embryonic facial process tissue by fluorescence p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) activated cell sorting, providing a good stem cell model for studies of dental mineralization. (researchsquare.com)
Owing to the expression of GPC3 in LUSC tissues, it has been tested as an immunotherapeutic (including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- GPC3 T cells), and clinical trials targeting GPC3 are ongoing. (biolifesas.org)

Background: Cell cycle analysis is important for cancer research. (edu.au)
Results: Across cancer cell lines accuracy ranged from 68.3% (MIA-PaCa-2) to 73.3% (HeLa) for distinguishing G1 from S and G2 + M, and 69.0% (MIA-PaCa-2) to 78.0% (PANC1) for distinguishing S from G2 + M. Unmixing the multispectral data showed that the autofluorophores NADH, FAD, and PPIX had significant differences between phases. (edu.au)
Conclusions: These results demonstrate that multispectral microscopy could be used for the non-destructive, label free discrimination of cell cycle phase in cancer cells. (edu.au)
DRAM2 acts as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer and suppresses the expression of p53. (cancerindex.org)
Here, we show that DRAM2 may act as an oncogenic regulator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (cancerindex.org)
We also identified a WD repeat protein WDR5, which is a key subunit of the MLL/Set1 histone methyltransferase complex, as a transducer of histone H3 threonine 11 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells. (northwestern.edu)
Our findings propose a potential mechanism of VES-mediated anti-tumour activity and support the role of vitamin E analogs as potential chemopreventative agents against prostate cancer. (positivehealth.com)
Vitamin E succinate inhibits NF-kappaB and prevents the development of a metastatic phenotype in prostate cancer cells: implications for chemoprevention. (positivehealth.com)
This method allows studying the DNA repair capability in different types of human cells [ 11 ] and may be employed as a marker for genetic instability and cancer risk [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Our previous findings demonstrated that formononetin initiates growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic activities in human colon cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, we aimed to further examine the potential of formononetin in controlling angiogenesis and tumor cell invasiveness in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenografts. (spandidos-publications.com)
We also discovered that the invasiveness of metastatic colon cancer cells was alleviated following drug treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
Additionally, the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are increased in almost every type of human cancer, which may be associated with cell invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Another important mechanism for the progression of colorectal cancer is the ability of the transformed cells to invade and traverse the basement membrane, which in turn facilitates the conversion of adenomas into carcinomas and then metastases ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In recent years, we focused on investigating the anti-carcinogenic properties of total Astragalus saponins (AST) in human colon cancer cells and tumor xenografts. (spandidos-publications.com)
Subsequent study using multiple human cancer cell lines, including those of the colon, stomach and liver, further indicated the universal growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects of AST. (spandidos-publications.com)
There is little understanding about how inflammatory cytokines mediate bystander effects, but questions in this area are important because of the pivotal contributions made by inflammatory processes to cancer initiation and progression. (aacrjournals.org)
Distinguishing and removing cancer cells from normal cells continue to be key in the experimental design for therapy and prevention. (janechin.net)
Modern approaches to treating cancer take advantage of critical biochemical differences between cancer cells and normal cells - from radiation therapy to chemotherapy to experimental gene therapy. (janechin.net)
The Warburg hypothesis was based on the metabolic differences between cancer cells and normal cells, and proposed that increased glycolysis by transformed cells conferred a bio-energetic advantage for survival over normal counterparts under anoxic conditions (Anghileri, 1983). (janechin.net)
When cells proliferate in the absence of appropriate driving signals, cancer is the undesirable consequence. (janechin.net)
Melatonin has oncostatic properties in breast cancer cells. (explorationpub.com)
Additionally, maintenance of the light-dark cycle and oral supplementation of melatonin may have a beneficial effect on women who are facing the risk of breast cancer [ 12 ]. (explorationpub.com)
However, the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway in tumor cells has also been implicated in lung cancer metabolism. (spandidos-publications.com)
There are primarily two types of lung cancer: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCLC, and the former accounts for ~85% of all lung cancer cases ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Certain metabolic alterations, also referred to as metabolic reprogramming, are commonly observed in tumor cells and are proposed to be hallmarks of cancer ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The most striking and characteristic metabolic alteration in cancer cells is anomalous glucose metabolism and cancer cells tend to utilize glycolysis to obtain energy even under aerobic conditions via a process called 'aerobic glycolysis' ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In the 1920s, Otto Heinrich Warburg discovered that cancer cells, unlike normal cells, use the glycolytic pathway to obtain energy for growth even in the presence of oxygen, which is a phenomenon known as 'aerobic glycolysis' or the Warburg effect ( 9 ), and aerobic glycolysis is a common metabolic phenotype in NSCLC ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells of monocyte/macrophage origin and are culprits of bone destruction associated with osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer bone metastasis. (koreascience.kr)
However, the mechanism through which RAD18 influences triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, remains elusive. (nature.com)
And more recently, we discovered that C. tropicalis promoted colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) through enhancing the accumulation and immunosuppressive activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One such peptide, Lunasin , has been shown to selectively act on newly transformed cells while having no cytotoxic effect on non-tumorigenic or established cancer cell lines. (weeksmd.com)
Gene therapy has attracted attention for its potential to specifically and efficiently target cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. (weeksmd.com)

Angiogenesis is essential in the process of carcinogenesis to facilitate tumor progression and metastasis. (spandidos-publications.com)
mechanisms of carcinogenesis chapter 13. (who.int)
Other markers, such as retinoblastoma and p53, may be related with early steps of carcinogenesis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)

The current study examined the effect of low-dose, environmentally relevant levels of arsenic (10 to 500 ppb) on transplacentally exposed mice (F1) and the next generation (F2) which focused on altered regulation of the normal cell cycle. (umaine.edu)
Regulation of MCL1 through the AR signaling axis is indirectly mediated via a cell cycle-dependent mechanism. (oncotarget.com)
The Yokomori laboratory investigates the mechanisms of chromosome structural organization and how they affect DNA repair and gene regulation in human health and disease. (uci.edu)
Encouraging progress in understanding cell cycle regulation occurred over the past five years. (janechin.net)
Such regulation ensures faithful reproduction of DNA for subsequent distribution to daughter cells. (janechin.net)

They hypothesized that if discontinuous replication, involving short DNA chains linked together by polynucleotide ligase, is the mechanism used in DNA synthesis, then "newly synthesized short DNA chains would accumulate in the cell under conditions where the function of ligase is temporarily impaired. (wikipedia.org)
It is noteworthy that several essential NER factors (RPA1C3, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and DNA ligase) also play independent functions in other crucial cellular processes, such as DNA replication and homologous recombination. (colinsbraincancer.com)

These factors couple extracellular signals to intracellular processes to determine cell cycle progression. (janechin.net)
Dysregulation of processes driven by these factors is a severe liability to the cell and therefore represents potential areas for therapeutic intervention. (janechin.net)
3 , 4 Similarly, plant cells also secrete exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNVs) that can participate in various physiological processes such as the inheritance of traits and defense response. (dovepress.com)

Stages of the cell cycle are G1 (Gap 1), S (Synthesis), G2, M (Mitosis), and G0 (quiescence), with mitosis as the shortest and most visually dramatic process of the cycle after which two daughter cells result, Figure 1-1. (janechin.net)
The environmental light-dark cycle is the potent regulator of melatonin synthesis. (explorationpub.com)
Eukaryotic cells have thus developed the extremely conserved DNA harm response (DDR), a significant branch which (the S stage checkpoint) works to decelerate DNA synthesis, thus providing more possibility to mitigate the genotoxic implications of replicative tension. (colinsbraincancer.com)

Transforming growth factor-beta1 mediates epithelial to mesenchymal transdifferentiation through a RhoA-dependent mechanism. (academicinfluence.com)
The development of teeth is initiated by epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, which form dental papilla cells and dental sac cells, subsequently forming pulp, dentin, cementum, periodontal ligament and proper alveolar bone, except enamel 1 - 4 . (researchsquare.com)
There have been several trials of mesenchymal stem cells injected intravenously, intrathecally or both in relapsing remitting and in progressive MS. Results suggest that mesenchymal stem cells can slow the progression of disease and might improve neurological function. (scientificarchives.com)
N-cadherin (N-cad, Cdh2) is initially expressed at the gastrulation stage when epiblast cells downregulate E-cad and undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (biomedcentral.com)

Comparative biochemical studies of rapamycin and wortmannin on transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1)-mediated G(1)-S cell cycle progression in C3H-10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts. (janechin.net)

Extracellular signals direct the cell-cycle 'engine. (janechin.net)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a group of cell-derived membranous structures, which play an important role in intercellular communication and functional transduction. (dovepress.com)
Both cell-derived microstructures and extracellular matrix components play critical roles in the preorganization and oriented deposition of calcium phosphate and serve as passive supports in dentine and enamel. (researchsquare.com)
Both establish calcium-dependent homophilic cell-cell adhesion with their extracellular domains and are connected with catenins at their intracellular domains [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The sequential activation of the members of this family and their phosphorylation of certain substrates promotes the progression through the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
Each stage of the cell cycle is profiled by distinct protein complexes and phosphorylation events. (janechin.net)
On the other hand, C. tropicalis promotes p-Syk binding to PKM2, which results in PKM2 Tyr105 phosphorylation and PKM2 nuclear translocation in MDSCs. (biomedcentral.com)

The progression of cells through the cell cycle is regulated by a family of protein kinases known as the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (biomedcentral.com)
The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
Analysis of MCL1 protein and mRNA expression in PCa tissue and primary cell culture specimens of luminal and basal origin, respectively, reveals higher expression in cancerous tissue compared to benign origin. (oncotarget.com)
To clarify this issue, we decided to apply a transfection-based assay, named Host Cell Reactivation (HCR), to investigate DNA lesions removal efficacy in the presence of DDB2 Wt protein or DDB2 mutated one. (biomedcentral.com)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)

Results indicated that ICA attenuated 6-OHDA-induced DA neurotoxicity and glial cells-mediated neuroinflammatory response. (biomedcentral.com)
Furtherly, activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in glial cells participated in ICA-produced neuroprotection, as revealed by the following observations. (biomedcentral.com)
Second, ICA failed to generate DA neuroprotection and suppress glial cells-mediated pro-inflammatory factors production in Nrf2 knockout mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Third, ICA exhibited neuroprotection in primary neuron-glia co-cultures but not in neuron-enriched cultures (without glial cells presence). (biomedcentral.com)
Our findings identify that ICA attenuated glial cells-mediated neuroinflammation and evoked DA neuroprotection via an Nrf2-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
Glial cells play a critical role in the development and function of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). (scientificarchives.com)
Transplantation of glial cells or glial progenitors into the diseased or injured CNS can provide therapeutic benefits. (scientificarchives.com)
Astrocytes are an abundantly distributed population of glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that perform myriad functions in the normal and injured/diseased brain. (cdc.gov)

Abrogation of TGF beta signaling in mammary carcinomas recruits Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells that promote metastasis. (academicinfluence.com)

However, the role of DRAM2 in the progression of human neoplasms is still unknown. (cancerindex.org)
Recent evidence suggests that the bicellular stem cell theory is the more probable etiology of salivary gland neoplasms. (medscape.com)

The tumor size and the number of proliferating cells were reduced in the tumor tissues obtained from the formononetin-treated group. (spandidos-publications.com)
The light must be absorbed by the endogenous chromophores of cells or tissues for actions. (biomedcentral.com)

Although, non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabigerol (CBG) display antineoplastic effects by repressing tumor growth and angiogenesis both in cell line and animal models, their use as chemotherapeutic agents is awaiting further investigation. (frontiersin.org)
These findings suggest that formononetin inhibits angiogenesis and tumor cell invasion, and thus support its use in the treatment of advanced and metastatic colon cancers. (spandidos-publications.com)

Taken with each other these observations propose that IN is usually a dual inhibitor of TGF and activin signaling that could possibly retard tumor growth and progression by means of activation from the immune response. (hifsignaling.com)

In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)

For example, RAD18 plays a vital role in regulating the DNA stability of embryonic stem cells and cellular homeostasis in highly prolific cells [ 6 ]. (nature.com)
In later embryonic stages and in adult organisms, E-cad also provides adhesive strength to form polarized epithelial cell layers [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Helix-distorting CPDs and 6-4PPs strongly block the progression of DNA polymerases, which causes prolonged replication fork stalling and formation of DNA strand breaks, eventually leading to cell death (7). (colinsbraincancer.com)

Can we wind back the clock in adult stem cells? (edu.au)
Excretory stem cells give rise to squamous cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, while intercalated stem cells give rise to pleomorphic adenomas, oncocytomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, and acinic cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Mage-D1 in rat tooth germ development and its differential mineralization ability to ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs), and to explore its potential mechanism. (researchsquare.com)
Ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) derived from the cranial neural crest are significant in tooth development and dental mineralization. (researchsquare.com)
Here we report a method that enables the efficient generation and expansion of glial precursors from tissue-restricted neural stem cells (NSC). (scientificarchives.com)
These results demonstrate that tissue-restricted human neural stem cells can serve as an efficient source for myelinating oligodendrocytes with therapeutic potential. (scientificarchives.com)
This unmet medical need is a primary driver for the development of therapies based on transplantation of neural stem cells that have the potential to replace cells of the central nervous system (CNS) lost to disease or injury [1]. (scientificarchives.com)
Similarly, recovery of locomotor function after grafting of neural stem cells (NSC) in animal models of spinal cord injury has been demonstrated to be due at least in part to myelinating oligodendrocytes [11]. (scientificarchives.com)
Human trials using stem cells for remyelination have begun. (scientificarchives.com)

The mammalian cell cycle is stringently regulated and orderly process by which a cell reproduces. (janechin.net)
The mammalian cell cycle typically completes in 24 hours, where dramatic changes occur in cellular metabolism and cytoskeletal physiology. (janechin.net)

Restriction points receive signals from central- and peripheral cellular networks to determine subsequent cell fate. (janechin.net)

Ovaries were collected from 60-day-old cycling B6D2F1/J mice (n = 16). (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, adult Nrf2 knockout mice and primary rat midbrain neuron-glia co-culture was applied to elucidate whether ICA-exerted neuroprotection was through an Nrf2-dependent mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)

Squamous cell carcinomas arise from excretory duct cells, pleomorphic adenomas arise from the intercalated duct cells, oncocytomas arise from the striated duct cells, and acinic cell carcinomas arise from acinar cells. (medscape.com)
After therapy, the incidence of pleomorphic adenomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas is increased. (medscape.com)

Expression of p15, p16, p21 and p27 did not vary in granulosa and theca cells by the follicle stage. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment with alpha-tocopherol succinate (VES) inhibits NF-kappaB but augments AP-1 activity, reduces expression of IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF, suppresses cell adhesion, ICAM-1 and gp130 expression in androgen-independent PC-3, DU-145, and CA-HPV-10 cells. (positivehealth.com)
GPC3 expression is significantly higher in LUSC (lung squamous cell carcinoma) than in lung adenocarcinoma. (biolifesas.org)

Adding lunasin to IL-12- or IL-2-stimulated NK cells demonstrated synergistic effects in the induction of IFNG and GZMB involved in cytotoxicity. (weeksmd.com)

Methods: Cells from the MIA-PaCa-2, PANC-1, and HeLa cell lines were plated on gridded dishes and imaged using a multispectral fluorescence microscope. (edu.au)
Multispectral analysis of endogenous cell autofluorescence has been shown to be sensitive to changes in cell status and could be applied to the discrimination of cell cycle without these steps.Methods: Cells from the MIA-PaCa-2, PANC-1, and HeLa cell lines were plated on gridded dishes and imaged using a multispectral fluorescence microscope. (edu.au)

Growth inhibitor from BSC-1 cells closely related to platelet type beta transforming growth factor. (academicinfluence.com)
Considering we applied a nonspecific inhibitor, the resultant improvement in spermatogenesis may well be mediated by means of reduction of iNOS levels, and even further experiments are required to delineate the underlying mechanism. (hifsignaling.com)

One group demonstrated that cells dissected from fetal human forebrain or adult white matter and selected using immunosorting methods could be transplanted into myelin-deficient animals and provide significant myelination of host neurons [5-8]. (scientificarchives.com)
Methods: fifteen histological specimens of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip were obtained from the Department of Oral Pathology, Bahia Federal University. (bvsalud.org)

GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)

The underlying mechanism responsible for the effects of lunasin on NK cells is likely due to epigenetic modulation on target gene loci. (weeksmd.com)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. (lookformedical.com)
The mechanism and function of heterochromatin disruption in FSHD muscular dystrophy is another area of research, in which we perform single cell/nucleus analyses to isolate and characterize a small number of disease-driving cells and are developing 3D and tissue on a chip to measure intrinsic defects of FSHD and CRISPR-engineered mutant myocytes. (uci.edu)
Given the vast differences in metabolism between healthy and tumor cells, there is hope that selective targeting of tumor metabolism may be achieved while limiting toxicity to healthy tissue. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, the mechanism of dental mineralization is still far from being revealed, which restricts the process of dental tissue engineering and tooth regeneration. (researchsquare.com)
The potential therapeutic value of oligodendrocytes has been demonstrated in animal studies by transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells purified directly from neural tissue. (scientificarchives.com)
However, an accumulation of fibrotic tissue and cysts with increasing age and lactation cycles was observed. (biomedcentral.com)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

Anatomy20

Organisms12

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs120

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes66

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Proliferation51

PCNA7

Apoptosis17

Proteins16

Differentiation8

Molecular mechanisms4

Effect on tumor progression2

Development and progression3

Tumorigenesis4

Propidium iodide1

Disease Progression1

Inhibition2

Receptors4

Immunohistochemistry1

Pathways4

Malignant5

Vivo5

Endothelial cells2

Vitro4

Interacts2

Tumors7

Antibody2

Epithelial cells3

Genes7

Receptor6

Cancer34

Carcinogenesis3

Regulation5

Ligase2

Processes3

Synthesis3

Mesenchymal4

Fibroblasts1

Extracellular4

Phosphorylation3

Protein5

Glial cells8

Metastasis1

Neoplasms2

Tissues2

Angiogenesis2

Tumor growth1

Initiation2

Embryonic2

Replication fork1

Stem cells9

Mammalian2

Cellular1

Mice2

Squamous cell carcinomas2

Expression3

Induction1

Fluorescence2

Inhibitor2

Methods2

Flow cytometry1

Epigenetic2

Tissue7