Mechanism nerve degeneration. Medical search. Frequent questions

The mechanism of radial neuropathy is such that it can cause focal demyelination and axonal degeneration. (wikipedia.org)
If the injury is axonal (the underlying nerve fiber itself is damaged), recovery may take months or years and full recovery may never occur. (wikipedia.org)
Pathologic findings in nerves consist of demyelination with remyelination, axonal degeneration, or both. (merckvetmanual.com)
Pathologic findings in peripheral nerves consist of demyelination or remyelination and axonal degeneration. (merckvetmanual.com)
Occupational mechanical exposures may lead to increased pressure in the carpal tunnel and traction of the median nerve, which may initiate a series of changes such as ischemic microcirculation injury, edema, alterations in the blood-nerve barrier, thinning of myelin, altered ion channel dynamics and expression, and axonal degeneration ( 1 , 6 , 7 ). (sjweh.fi)
The disease is characterized by inflammation within the brain and spinal cord, demyelination (loss of the insulating layer of myelin from around nerve fibres), and neuronal and axonal degeneration. (ucl.ac.uk)
In the late 1960s, neurophysiologic testing allowed the classification of CMT into 2 groups, one with slow nerve conduction velocities and histologic features of a hypertrophic demyelinating neuropathy (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 1 or CMT1) and another with relatively normal velocities and axonal and neuronal degeneration (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 2 or CMT2). (medscape.com)
Axonal degeneration is a prediction of disability. (medscape.com)
Through mechanisms that at present can only be speculated about, myelin disturbances result in axonal damage. (medscape.com)
GBS with axonal degeneration may occur without demyelination or inflammation. (medscape.com)
This interaction then causes the acute demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy or, particularly in cases involving C jejuni infection, an acute axonal degeneration. (medscape.com)
Peripheral nerves respond to injury or disease in one or more of the following ways: segmental remyelination, Wallerian degeneration, and axonal degeneration. (uspharmacist.com)
5,6 Segmental demyelination and Wallerian degeneration are repair mechanisms that are relevant to traumatic nerve injury, whereas axonal degeneration is more characteristically seen in metabolic and toxic nerve disorders such as diabetes mellitus and renal failure. (uspharmacist.com)
The Shaffer Grant allowed me to focus on understanding the molecular signaling pathways controlling axonal degeneration. (glaucoma.org)
Moreover, establishing microfluidic platforms that mimic the compartmentalized nature of RGC axonal degeneration in glaucoma will allow for the study of other mechanisms involved in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. (brightfocus.org)
Moreover, in more general biological terms, our results also speak to the relationship between axonal transport disruptions and degeneration - which might not be as tight as we assumed. (mytum.de)
Pathology of affected optic nerves exhibits inflammation, demyelination, gliosis, axonal injury, and thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). (tjn.org.tr)
Axonal degeneration, which contributes to functional impairment in several disorders of the nervous system, is an important target for neuroprotection. (lu.se)
Several individual factors and subcellular events have been implicated in axonal degeneration, but researchers have so far been unable to identify an integrative signaling pathway activating this self-destructive process. (lu.se)
Through pharmacological and genetic approaches, we tested whether necroptosis, a regulated cell-death mechanism implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, is involved in axonal degeneration. (lu.se)
Pharmacological inhibition of the necroptotic kinase RIPK1 using necrostatin-1 strongly delayed axonal degeneration in the peripheral nervous system and CNS of wild-type mice of either sex and protected in vitro sensory axons from degeneration after mechanical and toxic insults. (lu.se)
RIPK1 inhibition prevented mitochondrial fragmentation in vitro and in vivo, a typical feature of necrotic death, and inhibition of mitochondrial fission by Mdivi also resulted in reduced axonal loss in damaged nerves. (lu.se)
Activation of the necroptotic pathway early during injury-induced axonal degeneration was made evident by increased phosphorylation of the downstream effector MLKL. (lu.se)
Our results demonstrate that axonal degeneration proceeds by necroptosis, thus defining a novel mechanistic framework in the axonal degenerative cascade for therapeutic interventions in a wide variety of conditions that lead to neuronal loss and functional impairment. (lu.se)

In the demyelinating form, segmental demyelination of peripheral nerves is thought to be immune mediated and both humoral and cell-mediated immune mechanisms have been implicated. (medscape.com)

2. Mechanisms regulating peripheral nerve myelination in development and disease states. (northwestern.edu)
Now a large and ever increasing number of genetic subtypes has been described, and major advances in molecular and cellular biology have clarified the understanding of the role of different proteins in the physiology of peripheral nerve conduction in health and in disease. (medscape.com)
Diabetes leads to a wide array of complications in humans, including kidney failure, vascular disease, peripheral nerve degeneration, and vision loss. (psu.edu)
These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Peripheral Nerve Injury. (fpnotebook.com)

Here, we used the σR1-knockout mouse ( Sigmar1 −/− ) to demonstrate unambiguously the role of the σR1 in protecting the retinal ganglion cells against degeneration after acute damage to the optic nerve. (molvis.org)
Retinal ganglion cell death was induced by acute optic nerve crush in wild-type and Sigmar1 −/− mice. (molvis.org)
Our data indicated faster retinal ganglion cell death in Sigmar1 −/− than in wild-type mice under the stresses caused by optic nerve crush, providing direct evidence for a role of the σR1 in alleviating retinal degeneration. (molvis.org)
The neuroinflammatory mechanisms associated with glaucoma are unique, given the focal localization of reactive astrocytes with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons in the optic nerve head, where the initial site of injury occurs. (brightfocus.org)
In this article, we examine the molecular components that form this blood-retinal barrier and explore how changes in the production of growth factors in the neural parenchyma cause an increase in vascular permeability and contribute to retinal degeneration. (psu.edu)
Retinal degeneration is a multifaceted disorder with many etiologies, and it is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. (medicalxpress.com)
In the paper, "Visual System Hyperexcitability and Compromised V1 Receptive Field Properties in Early-Stage Retinitis Pigmentosa in Mice," published in eNeuro , the researchers have studied the visual functions of the retina, midbrain, and visual cortex in animal models of retinal degeneration. (medicalxpress.com)
How does retinal degeneration occur? (medicalxpress.com)
Retinal degeneration is the result of several eye diseases that involve degradation of the retina and loss of photoreceptor function. (medicalxpress.com)

examined radial, median, and ulnar nerve specimens from a CRPS-affected amputated limb and showed widespread (47-58%) selective degeneration in the larger myelinated Aα fibers (motor/proprioception) and in groups of small unmyelinated C fibers (Remak bundles), while the smaller Aδ (pain/temperature) fibers were spared. (frontiersin.org)
These results support the hypothesis that during or shortly after a damaging exposure, endolymph entered the OC & injured additional hair cells, supporting cells & nerve fibers. (cdc.gov)
In a healthy neuromuscular synapse, nerve endings and their receptors on muscle fibers are almost a perfect match, like two hands placed together, finger to finger, palm to palm. (medindia.net)
The resulting interference with transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles can result in wasting and eventually even death of muscle fibers. (medindia.net)
Multiple sclerosis , also called disseminated sclerosis , is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, that is, it affects nerve fibers in the brain and in the spinal cord. (medicspark.com)
When the noise exposure is so severe, a discrete but direct mechanical disruption results in a toxic mixing of endolymph and perilymph through microbreaks in the structural framework of the cochlear duct which leads to loss of hair cells and their corresponding nerve fibers. (drsanu.com)
Death of the sensory cell can lead to progressive Wallerian degeneration and loss of primary auditory nerve fibers. (drsanu.com)

The paralysis caused by the disease results from damage to the motor neurons, which leads to the degeneration nerve endings and to the loss of muscle innervation," Prof. Eran Perlson, who led the study with doctoral students Topaz Altman and Ariel Ionescu, said in a news release. (timesofisrael.com)
It is densely innervated with different types of sensory nerve endings, which discriminate between pain, temperature and touch. (bvsalud.org)
These changes in micromechanics include depolymerization of actin filaments in stereocilia (in TTS), edema and swelling of stria vascularis, afferent nerve endings and supporting cells inside the cochlea. (drsanu.com)

Each type of pathology causes significant symptoms, by different mechanisms. (ucl.ac.uk)
The primary pathology behind NIHL is changes to ultra-structural mechanisms inside the cochlea. (drsanu.com)
Typical symptoms of relapses may be referable to demyelinating pathology involving the optic nerves (e.g. optic neuritis), brainstem (e.g. internuclear ophthalmoplegia) or spinal cord (e.g. partial myelitis), although non-specific symptoms referable to the cerebral hemispheres or other brain regions can also occur (Katz Sand and Lublin, 2013). (medscape.com)

At 2 to 8 weeks after microbead injection, the degrees of RGC and axon degeneration were assessed quantitatively using electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry with a primary antibody against an RGC specific marker. (arvojournals.org)
To further investigate the roles of T cell-mediated responses in glaucomatous RGC and axon degeneration, CD4+ T cells isolated from C57BL/6J wild-type mice that were induced to develop high IOP were adoptively transferred to Rag1-/- mice. (arvojournals.org)
The degrees of RGC and axon degeneration were quantified as described above. (arvojournals.org)
Their results show that transport deficits and axon degeneration can develop independently, refuting the hypothesis that one is a direct cause of the other. (mytum.de)
Among the conclusions: In ALS models, reduction of organelle transport and initiation of axon degeneration appear to be due to different mechanisms. (mytum.de)

Macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease in which progressive death of photoreceptors is concentrated in the macula, resulting in deterioration of central vision and distorted images. (medicalxpress.com)

In this review, we summarize the role of Sprouties in the lesioned central and peripheral nervous system with particular reference to Sprouty2 that is upregulated in various experimental models of neuronal degeneration and regeneration. (springer.com)

If the spine moves too much it can damage the spinal cord and nerves. (fiorinichiropractic.com)
It results in the compression of the spinal cord and nerves. (charlestonpainreliefcenter.com)

Are the different cell types damaged by different mechanisms? (cdc.gov)
NC transcytosis across brain endothelial cells and brain distribution in mice were affected, yet through different mechanisms. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells isolated from high IOP C57BL/6J mice significantly facilitated the axon and RGC degeneration in Rag1-/- mice as compared to Rag1-/- mice received cell transfer from the normal IOP group. (arvojournals.org)

3,4 Axonotmesis leads to Wallerian degeneration , a process whereby the part of the axon that is separated from the neuronal cell body disintegrates distal to the injury. (uspharmacist.com)
2 As with axonotmesis, neurotmesis initiates Wallerian degeneration, but the prognosis for nerves is poor. (uspharmacist.com)

This sheath covers nerve fibres in both the central and peripheral nervous system. (medicspark.com)
Autonomic nerve fibres which completely derive from sympathetic (cholinergic) neurons are also present. (bvsalud.org)

New determinants for casual peripheral mechanism of neurogenic lung edema in subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ischemic degeneration of vagal nerve, kidney and lung circuitry. (oalib.com)

Additionally, depending on the type of trauma, other nerves may be affected such as the median nerve and axillary nerves. (wikipedia.org)
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of impaired median nerve function in relation to hand-intensive seasonal work. (sjweh.fi)
We hypothesized that at end-season, median nerve conduction would be impaired and then recover within weeks. (sjweh.fi)
Methods Using nerve conduction studies (NCS), we examined median nerve conduction before, during, and after engaging in 22 days of mink skinning. (sjweh.fi)
Results The study comprised 11 male mink skinners with normal median nerve conduction at pre-season (mean age 35.7 years, mean number of seasons with skinning 8.9 years). (sjweh.fi)
Conclusions In this natural experiment, impaired median nerve conduction developed during 22 days of repetitive industrial work with moderate wrist postures and limited force exertion. (sjweh.fi)
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is an impairment of the median nerve at the wrist with symptoms including numbness, tingling, and pain in the radial part of the hand ( 1 ). (sjweh.fi)
Little is known about the time relation between entry into a job that entails high mechanical exposures to the wrist and the development and course of median nerve impairment. (sjweh.fi)
In the other study, which followed newly hired pork processing employees, nerve conduction studies (NCS) showed signs of impaired median nerve conduction after an average of 64 work days ( 9 ). (sjweh.fi)
Experimental animal studies have shown that 12 weeks of repetitive work with either high- or low-force exertion led to impaired median nerve conduction in rats ( 11 , 12 ). (sjweh.fi)

While symptoms of autonomic failure and cerebellar degeneration may be present in striatonigral degeneration, the predominant finding is parkinsonism. (medscape.com)
Our research aims to understand the mechanisms responsible for the disease, in order to arrest them and thereby avoid the production of symptoms even before they have started. (ucl.ac.uk)
Animal models are an important aid in experimental medical science because they enable one to study the pathogenetic mechanisms and the therapeutic principles of treating the functional disturbances (symptoms) of human diseases. (nih.gov)
There is now a lot of evidence that degeneration of the dopaminergic nigral neurones and the resulting striatal dopamine-deficiency syndrome are responsible for its classic motor symptoms akinesia and bradykinesia. (nih.gov)

This consequently leads to the degeneration of the nerve and the death of motor neurons in the spinal cord, however until now we could not understand the basic biological mechanism causing the initial damage behind this vicious cascade. (timesofisrael.com)
The cause of degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unknown. (jneurosci.org)
Defects in handling of cytosolic DA by VMAT2 increase levels of DA-generated oxy radicals ultimately resulting in degeneration of DAergic neurons. (jneurosci.org)

One of the ways neurodegenerative diseases manifest themselves is in the loss of axons - essentially, the transmission lines for electrical signals in individual nerve cells - and synapses, the key sites for communication between them. (mytum.de)
TTS-inducing exposures create irreversible loss of neural synapses and degeneration of the cochlear nerve in experimental animals even after audiometric thresholds have completely recovered (10). (cdc.gov)

Other manifestations of multiple system atrophy are Shy-Drager syndrome, in which autonomic failure predominates, and sporadic olivopontocerebellar degeneration, which is characterized primarily by cerebellar signs. (medscape.com)
In many cases, the disease process begins with 1 of the 3 presentations predominating (ie, parkinsonism, autonomic failure, cerebellar signs) and then later converges to include a combination of all 3 plus additional degeneration of the corticospinal system, including tract and motor neuron degeneration, as well as cognitive deterioration. (medscape.com)
The bladder and urethra are innervated by 3 sets of peripheral nerves arising from the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and somatic nervous system. (medscape.com)

The pathological hallmark of PD is a specific degeneration of nigral and other pigmented brainstem nuclei, with a characteristic inclusion, the Lewy body, in remaining nerve cells. (nih.gov)
Multiple sclerosis lesions have a predilection for the optic nerves, periventricular white matter, brainstem, spinal cord, and cerebellum. (tjn.org.tr)

Studies the molecular mechanisms of synapse formation, development and maintenance in peripheral neuromuscular junctions and retina. (jax.org)
The Burgess lab seeks to understand the molecular mechanisms of synapse formation and maintenance at two sites in the nervous system: the peripheral neuromuscular junction and the retina. (jax.org)
In all of these studies, we are addressing basic molecular mechanisms, but these basic mechanisms have relevance to human neuromuscular and neurodevelopmental disorders. (jax.org)
The partial elucidation of the processes underlie the selective action of neurotoxic substances such as 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), has however revealed possible molecular mechanisms that give rise to neuronal death. (nih.gov)

Furthermore, downregulation of Sprouty2 improves nerve regeneration in the lesioned peripheral nervous system. (springer.com)

We performed nerve biopsy on patients with MM in whom the etiology could not be established via other investigations. (bvsalud.org)
Those in whom the investigations failed to establish an etiology underwent nerve biopsy. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSIONS: In 43 of 68 Indian patients (63%) with MM, nerve biopsy identified a definite (26 patients) or probable (17 patients) etiology. (bvsalud.org)

Other less explained, but identified metabolic cochlear mechanisms of NIHL includes outer hair cell plasma membrane fluidity , role of glucocorticoid receptors and oxidative stress . (drsanu.com)

Israeli researchers announced Tuesday that they have uncovered a key mechanism that causes the neurodegenerative disease ALS, which may unlock a way to delay or reverse the condition which affects thousands of people annually. (timesofisrael.com)
Researchers have discovered how specific gene mutations lead to muscle degeneration, impaired nerve signaling, and compromised muscle function. (alliedacademies.org)
Work by researchers at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB) in Greece, whose results are published today in the journal Science, reveals that the repeated parts of animal bodies for example the vertebrae in our spine are generated by a similar mechanism not only among vertebrates (fish, birds, mammals, etc.) but also in our more distant relatives, the insects. (forth.gr)
Basic researchers cover many areas, including mechanisms and models of disease. (ucsd.edu)

Surgery to repair the damaged nerve and maximize the number of axons that regenerate through the site of injury may be performed. (uspharmacist.com)
In the past, such damage has been attributed to deficits in the bidirectional transport of organelles, such as the intracellular power plants called mitochondria, along the axons of nerve cells. (mytum.de)
Furthermore, electrophysiological analysis demonstrated that inhibition of necroptosis delays not only the morphological degeneration of axons, but also the loss of their electrophysiological function after nerve injury. (lu.se)

This discovery can lead to the development of new therapies that could either dissolve the TDP-43 protein condensates or increase the production of proteins essential to mitochondrial function, and thereby heal the nerve cells before the irreversible damage that occurs in the spinal cord," Perlson said. (timesofisrael.com)
Although its precise mechanism is unknown, AMD is considered the most common cause of irreversible vision loss after age 50. (medicalxpress.com)
They noted that if they did not restore the motion in the joints within 1-4 weeks there was irreversible degeneration that occurred. (fiorinichiropractic.com)

Striatonigral degeneration is a sporadic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that represents one manifestation of multiple system atrophy (MSA). (medscape.com)
Because neurodegenerative disorders share features, such as aggregation of proteins and degeneration of vulnerable populations of nerve cells, advances in one of these disorders can carry over to impact others. (ucsd.edu)

EMG and nerve conduction studies are typically performed to diagnose the extent and distribution of the damage, and to help with prognosis for recovery. (wikipedia.org)
4 The prognosis for an injured nerve at this stage is good, and recovery occurs within weeks to months. (uspharmacist.com)
2 The prognosis for nerves at this stage is fair, and recovery may require months. (uspharmacist.com)

3 The axon's continuity is retained, and although conduction across the nerve injury is inhibited, conduction within the nerve both proximal and distal to the lesion remains intact. (uspharmacist.com)

We propose that this VMAT2 defect may be an early abnormality promoting mechanisms leading to nigrostriatal DA neuron death in PD. (jneurosci.org)

Radial neuropathy is a type of mononeuropathy which results from acute trauma to the radial nerve that extends the length of the arm. (wikipedia.org)
GBS is a group of autoimmune diseases with acute/subacute evolution characterized by progressive and ascending motor deficit in the limbs, often with sensory, cranial nerve involvement ( 4 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The acute transient neurotoxicity observed in rats exposed to MeI is best supported by a mode of action involv- ing modification of ion currents by the parent chemical in nerve cells. (cdc.gov)

Here, we investigate the contribution of autoimmune responses to axon and RGC degeneration in glaucoma using mice deficient for T and B cell function and a microbead-induced model of ocular hypertension. (arvojournals.org)

Although a variety of gene mutations are linked to the disease, most cases involve Complex I mutations, which cause degeneration of the nerves in the back of the eye that transmit visual information to the brain. (nih.gov)

There are many ways to acquire radial nerve neuropathy, including: Upper arm - a fracture of the bone Elbow - entrapment of the nerve Wrist - elbow deformity and soft-tissue masses Axilla - here the most common cause is compression. (wikipedia.org)
Radial neuropathy may be diagnosed using MRI, ultrasound, nerve conduction study or electromyography (EMG). (wikipedia.org)
medical citation needed] There are a number of terms used to describe radial nerve injuries, which are dependent on the causation factor such as: Honeymoon palsy from another individual sleeping on and compressing one's arm overnight. (wikipedia.org)
Saturday night palsy from falling asleep with one's arm hanging over the arm rest of a chair, compressing the radial nerve. (wikipedia.org)
The suprascapular , axillary , and radial nerves . (wikipedia.org)
4 Wrist drop secondary to prolonged external pressure that compresses the radial nerve at the spiral groove of the humerus is a clinical example of neurapraxia. (uspharmacist.com)

Seddon proposed a three-tiered model for nerve injury: neurapraxia, axonotmesis, and neurotmesis, in order of increasing severity. (uspharmacist.com)
Neurotmesis , the most severe form of nerve injury, is associated with complete nerve division and disruption of the endoneurium. (uspharmacist.com)

The accomplishment of these aims will identify a role for the complement pathway in the A1 reactive astrocyte phenotype as well as in A1-mediated RGC degeneration. (brightfocus.org)
It is possible that tissue changes during infection with leprosy are related to alterations in the activity of the Notch signaling pathway, an innate signaling pathway in the physiology of the skin and peripheral nerves. (bvsalud.org)
Our findings describe a novel bone cancer pain mechanism and provide a new insight into the physiological and pathological functions of GM-CSF.It has been reported that GM-CSF plays a key role in bone cancer pain, yet the underlying mechanisms involved in GM-CSF-mediated signaling pathway in nociceptors is not fully understood. (iasp-pain.org)

Laryngeal Hemiplegia in Horses Laryngeal hemiplegia is a progressive neuropathy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, leading to atrophy and dysfunction of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle, an important abductor for the. (merckvetmanual.com)
Type B (juvenile onset) does not generally affect the brain but most children develop ataxia, damage to nerves exiting from the spinal cord (peripheral neuropathy), and pulmonary difficulties that progress with age. (nih.gov)
Eleven patients had vasculitic neuropathy, and in 1 patient there were amyloid deposits on nerve biopsy. (bvsalud.org)

These genes code for proteins involved in essential processes such as muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and structural integrity. (alliedacademies.org)

Studying the genetic basis of neuromuscular disorders has provided valuable insights into the underlying disease mechanisms. (alliedacademies.org)

Affected children may develop severe hip degeneration. (medlineplus.gov)

The authors postulated that large Aα fiber degeneration could consequently affect the associated innervated muscles. (frontiersin.org)
And if in the future we could diagnose and intervene early enough, maybe it will be possible to inhibit the destructive degeneration in ALS patients' muscles," he said. (timesofisrael.com)
Neuromuscular disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the nerves, muscles, and the communication between them. (alliedacademies.org)
A new research at the Harvard University has found out a mechanism through which caloric restriction and exercise may delay some of the debilitating effects of aging by rejuvenating connections between nerves and the muscles that they control. (medindia.net)
It shows that some of the debilitation of aging is caused by deterioration of connections that nerves make with the muscles they control, structures called neuromuscular junctions. (medindia.net)

Affected cats often have unilateral or bilateral tibial nerve dysfunction, evident as a plantigrade stance. (merckvetmanual.com)
Prolongation of P100 latency is the most common abnormality and usually represents an optic nerve dysfunction. (medscape.com)

Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, laboratory evidence of diabetes mellitus, and nerve biopsy. (merckvetmanual.com)

This is not surprising given the strong evidence for interaction between myelin and axon gene expression in development and after experimental nerve lesions. (medscape.com)
In addition, numerous experimental observations suggest that neurogenic stimuli profoundly affect wound repair after injury and that delayed wound healing is observed in animal models after surgical resection of cutaneous nerves. (bvsalud.org)

Research carried out at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, published today in the international scientific periodical EMBO Journal, reveals a novel molecular mechanism required for the degeneration of nerve cells. (forth.gr)
Lipids are fat-like substances that are important parts of the membranes found within and between cells and in the myelin sheath that coats and protects the nerves. (nih.gov)
Sanes said that the study was conducted on genetically engineered so that their nerve cells glow in fluorescent colors. (medindia.net)
Quantification of cells remaining after optic nerve crush showed that 86.8±7.9% cells remained in the wild-type ganglion cell layer, but only 68.3±3.4% survived in the Sigmar1 −/− , demonstrating a significant difference between the wild-type and the Sigmar1 −/− in crush-induced ganglion cell loss. (molvis.org)
Nerves in the periphery, for example in the hands and feet, are covered by so-called Schwann cells, in the spinal cord and in the brain myelin is formed by cells - oligodendrocytes. (medicspark.com)
Donepezil HCl significantly improves memory recall and retention by slowing down the breakdown of acetylcholine, thus ensuring improved signal transmission between nerve cells. (procure-net.com)
Donepezil HCl functions by enhancing the performance of nerve cells in the brain. (procure-net.com)
One of the major mechanisms that cells use to fix DNA is known as nucleotide excision repair (NER). (medlineplus.gov)

Various types of trauma can result in nerve injury, a significant cause of functional morbidity. (uspharmacist.com)
BACKGROUND: Leprosy is an infectious disease affecting skin and peripheral nerves resulting in increased morbidity and physical deformities. (bvsalud.org)

Thirty years later, the first consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy, by Gilman et al, recommended that the term striatonigral degeneration be replaced with multiple system atrophy with predominantly parkinsonian features (MSA-P) and that the term sporadic olivopontocerebellar degeneration be replaced with multiple system atrophy with predominantly cerebellar features (MSA-C). (medscape.com)
Nerve biopsy is a valuable investigation in MM that frequently results in a diagnosis of leprosy in India. (bvsalud.org)

However, the precise mechanism for GM-CSF-dependent pain is unclear. (iasp-pain.org)

These would be caused via laceration or compression of the nerve in question. (wikipedia.org)
Describe a case of discal cyst on the l4-l5 level with compression of l5 right nerve root treated successfully with a minimal invasive procedure. (bvsalud.org)

Therapeutic regimens have been developed to manage the pain associated with nerve injury, as well as to restore the normal functioning of the nerve. (uspharmacist.com)
1 Many drugs used to manage pain due to nerve injury were developed as anticonvulsants and antidepressants, so it is important for pharmacists to be aware of the indication for which the drug is being used, as well as the recommended dosage for the particular indication. (uspharmacist.com)
and stretch injury (nerves can stretch 10%-20% before becoming structurally damaged). (uspharmacist.com)
Classification of nerve injury depends upon the nerve components affected, loss of functionality, and the ability to recover spontaneously. (uspharmacist.com)
2 Two grading systems are used to stage the extent of nerve injury: Seddon's system and, more recently, Sunderland's system. (uspharmacist.com)
5 There are, therefore, five grades of nerve injury according to Sunderland's system ( TABLE 1 ). (uspharmacist.com)
Originally trained as a medical practitioner specialising in neurology, Dr Tao Liu studied for a PhD degree at The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia on the role of inflammatory mediators in chronic pain due to nerve injury. (sciforschenonline.org)

Adverse effects of noise on hearing: basic mechanisms. (cdc.gov)

It measures the conduction of the visual pathways from the optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic radiations to the occipital cortex. (medscape.com)

Temporary threshold shift is also associated with buckling of supporting pillar cell bodies inside cochlea, while permanent shift is associated with focal hair cell loss and complete degeneration. (drsanu.com)

ABSTRACT: Nerve injuries cause considerable loss of function in many individuals. (uspharmacist.com)

These pathological processes can be broadly divided into ultrastructural mechanisms and metabolic mechanisms. (drsanu.com)

Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 55: 23-27, 2017. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy29

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes2

Axonal24

Demyelination1

Peripheral Nerve4

Retinal9

Fibers7

Endings3

Pathology3

Axon degeneration5

Macular Degeneration1

Neuronal degeneration1

Spinal cord and nerves2

Different mechanisms2

Facilitated the axon1

Wallerian2

Fibres2

Ischemic1

Median nerve10

Symptoms4

Neurons3

Synapses2

Autonomic3

Brainstem2

Molecular mechanisms4

Regeneration1

Etiology3

Cochlear1

Researchers4

Axons3

Irreversible3

Neurodegenerative2

Prognosis3

Distal1

Nigrostriatal1

Acute3

Glaucoma1

Mutations1

Radial6

Neurotmesis2

Pathway3

Neuropathy3

Proteins1

Disease mechanisms1

Severe1

Muscles5

Dysfunction2

Diabetes mellitus1

Experimental2

Cells8

Morbidity2

Diagnosis2

Precise mechanism1

Compression2

Injury7

Basic mechanisms1

Visual pathways1

Focal1

ABSTRACT1

Pathological1

20161