• In the kidney, the first portion of the nephron, called the proximal tubule (PT), performs the majority of solute reabsorption including about two-thirds of calcium. (ku.edu)
  • The precise mechanisms and molecular facilitators of calcium reabsorption in the PT, however, remain unknown. (ku.edu)
  • I also examined the mechanism of hypercalciuria in these animals and found both a reduction in renal calcium reabsorption and a large increase in intestinal calcium absorption. (ku.edu)
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a unique class of oral antidiabetic medications that reduce glucose reabsorption in the renal proximal tubules, thereby enhancing urinary glucose excretion 1 . (nature.com)
  • The kidney proximal tubule is a target of many renal toxicants, including cadmium (Cd), and also a place of reabsorption of essential metals in glomerular filtrate to systemic circulation. (go.jp)
  • The efficient uptake of Mn 2+ from apical side of S3 cells may suggest an important role of ZIP8 in proximal tubule in reabsorption of Mn, an essential metal. (go.jp)
  • ZIP8 is highly expressed in the S3 segment of the proximal tubules of the mouse kidney and may play a significant role in reabsorption of both toxic Cd and essential Mn from the lumen to the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule. (nih.gov)
  • Plasma filtration and much of the tubular reabsorption takes place in the renal cortex, an important functional component of the kidney between the renal capsule and renal medulla, consisting of glomeruli, proximal and distal tubules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Taken together, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit renoprotective potential that is partially dependent on the inhibition of glucose reabsorption and subsequent aberrant glycolysis in kidney tubules. (jci.org)
  • 15.The proximal convoluted tubule is where most reabsorption occurs. (msudenver.edu)
  • Over 65% of renal reabsorption is performed by specialized cell-populations in the proximal nephron that control homeostatic regulation of water, glucose, salts, and amino acids. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • New Insights into the Pivotal Roles of Claudins in Proximal Tubule Electrolyte Reabsorption Aronson PS . (yale.edu)
  • New Insights into the Pivotal Roles of Claudins in Proximal Tubule Electrolyte Reabsorption Journal Of The American Society Of Nephrology 2022, 33: 659-661. (yale.edu)
  • The amino acid transporters also mediate 18 F-fluciclovine reabsorption by the kidneys at the proximal tubules, which results in slow urinary excretion over time ( 1 ). (snmjournals.org)
  • First, I examined the patterns of claudin expression in the proximal nephron and found that claudins-2 and -10a are expressed throughout the PT, in both convoluted and straight segments. (ku.edu)
  • Specialized test strips are now available to specifically detect microalbuminuria as a marker for early kidney involvement due to hyperfiltration injury, as is observed in diabetes, hypertension , or other kidney diseases with reduced nephron mass. (medscape.com)
  • As development progresses, nephron progenitors switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration for energy-mediated by an unknown mechanism-and undergo differentiation. (lww.com)
  • In addition to identifying VHL as a critical regulator of nephron progenitors' metabolic switching, the authors' findings demonstrate that this switch also plays a large role in the differentiation process, and suggest that VHL is required for normal kidney development. (lww.com)
  • Nephron progenitors, the cell population that give rise to the functional unit of the kidney, are metabolically active and self-renew under glycolytic conditions. (lww.com)
  • By embryonic day 15.5, kidneys of nephron progenitor cell-specific VHL knockout mice begin to exhibit reduced maturation of nephron progenitors. (lww.com)
  • Our findings identify a novel role for VHL in mediating nephron progenitor differentiation through metabolic regulation, and suggest that VHL is required for normal kidney development. (lww.com)
  • Among the different cells that make up these filtration units, the epithelial cells of the proximal tubul e of the nephron are responsible for reabsorbing water and solutes, representing 90% of the total renal mass. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Glomerulus & Glomerular capsule, Renal tubules including proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of the loop of Nephron, loop of nephron, ascending limb of loop of nephron, distal convoluted tubule, followed by collecting ducts or tubules. (msudenver.edu)
  • Our hypotheses are based on extensive single cell omic sequencing data and in vivo secondary validation, and preliminary data using a new synchronized nephron-forming organoid system where we tune proximal patterning. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • We will use our organoid system to determine how proximal-cell fates are generated in controls and in our proximal-biased protocol and compare these against in vivo nephron cell profiles. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • Proximal tubular cells respond to OTA with a dramatic reduction in the secretory capacity for organic anions. (karger.com)
  • Furthermore, OTA has a mitogenic potential on rat proximal tubular cells in primary culture if applied in nanomolar concentrations but inhibits cell growth at micromolar concentrations. (karger.com)
  • The basic mechanisms for transport through the tubular membrane are essentially the same as those for transport through other membranes of the body. (online-sciences.com)
  • Proximal tubular cells isolated from the knockout mice were more sensitive to cisplatin-induced apoptosis than cells from wild-type mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Thus, our results establish a renoprotective role of tubular cell autophagy in acute kidney injury where it may interfere with cell killing mechanisms. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Proximal tubular epithelial cells have been shown to internalize the nanoparticles, which eventually escape those cells to be excreted in urine. (scitechdaily.com)
  • In December 2021, Zheng and his chemistry team - research scientist and lead study author Yingyu Huang PhD'20 and co-corresponding author Dr. Mengxiao Yu, research associate professor - were examining gold nanoparticles in proximal tubular tissue samples using an optical microscope, but they switched to one of the University's electron microscopes (EM) for better resolution. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The researchers found proximal tubular cells that had formed outwardly facing bulges in their luminal membranes that contained not only gold nanoparticles but also lysosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and other organelles typically confined to a cell's interior. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Presumably, the uptake of cidofovir across the basolateral tubular membrane is more efficient than the subsequent secretion into tubular lumen resulting in drug accumulation in renal tubules. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Hence, inhibition of the active drug uptake into proximal tubular cells may provide an effective strategy to ameliorate the renal toxicity syndromes. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Bone toxicity is closely related to nucleoside analogue effect on renal proximal tubular and phosphaturia. (medscape.com)
  • It has also been used to prevent methotrexate-induced kidney damage by alkalinizing the urine, hence speeding up methotrexate excretion by increasing its solubility in urine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, recent concepts of the renal handling of albumin, including its degradation within the kidney, suggest that the measurement of albumin excretion as the intact molecule is an underestimate of the actual quantity processed by the kidney subsequent to filtration. (medscape.com)
  • Our general goal is to characterize the mechanisms regulating sodium, acid-base, and anion excretion by the kidney. (yale.edu)
  • SGLT2 inhibitors are glucose-lowering drugs that block resorption of glucose from the proximal tubule of the kidneys and increase glucose excretion. (medthority.com)
  • Recent data shows that changes in kidney proximal tubule transport and metabolism, such as inhibition of sugar transport, is an effective therapeutic strategy in patients with diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease. (au.dk)
  • Because the mechanism of SGLT2 inhibition is independent of circulating insulin levels or insulin sensitivity, these agents can be combined with all other antidiabetic classes, including exogenous insulin. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Here, we hypothesized that the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin restores normal kidney histology and function in association with the inhibition of aberrant glycolysis in diabetic kidneys. (jci.org)
  • A class of compounds that reduces the secretion of H+ ions by the proximal kidney tubule through inhibition of CARBONIC ANHYDRASES. (bvsalud.org)
  • H uman mini-kidneys -also called kidney organoids- are created using bioengineering techniques from human stem cells, and capture some aspects of the complexity of this organ. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Renal hemodynamics and the secretory function of the proximal tubule are affected by OTA after prolonged but not by acute exposure. (karger.com)
  • We address this question by pharmacologic and genetic blockade of autophagy using mouse models of cisplatin- and ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Chloroquine, a pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy, blocked autophagic flux and enhanced acute kidney injury in both models. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Rapamycin, however, activated autophagy and protected against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Compared with wild-type littermates, these knockout mice were markedly more sensitive to cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury as indicated by renal functional loss, tissue damage, and apoptosis. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Mechanistically, these knockout mice had heightened activation of p53 and c-Jun N terminal kinase, the signaling pathways contributing to cisplatin acute kidney injury. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Babu Padanilam, Ph.D. to present seminar on 3/24/23 at 11:00 AM, EAD-108: "Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury and its progression to CKD. (unthsc.edu)
  • Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury and its progression to CKD. (unthsc.edu)
  • In NIH supported projects, his laboratory is studying the mechanisms of cellular injury in acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal fibrogenesis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) models. (unthsc.edu)
  • This review of literature discusses kidney injury associated with the use of AAS and ADE, highlighting the mechanisms of acute and chronic renal lesion, such as direct renal toxicity, glomerular hyperfiltration and hypercalcemia. (revistanefrologia.com)
  • Ferroptosis plays an important regulatory role in the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as tumors, neurological diseases, acute kidney injury, ischemia/reperfusion, etc. (nature.com)
  • That's a great question because although we don't know all the mechanisms that probably lead to the chronic benefits, for acute efficacy, we looked at the benefits across diuresis, natriuresis, and diuretic response, looking for any additive benefit acutely for a diuretic decongestive outcome and then safety across all the other outcomes. (medscape.com)
  • The main objective of the study was to compare toxicological responses, cell signaling pathways, and functions in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells with over-expressed OAT1 (RPTEC-OAT1) following acute exposure to select AFFF and SFFF to identify potential underlying mechanisms of disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Kaito H, Ishimori S, Nozu K, Shima Y, Nakanishi K, Yoshikawa N, Iijima K. Molecular background of urate transporter genes in patients with exercise-induced acute kidney injury. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The following descriptors were used: coronavirus infection, acute kidney injury and risk factors in five databases, namely PudMed, Scopus, Embase, Virtual Health Library and Web of Science. (bvsalud.org)
  • while reading the studies, it was concluded that Acute Kidney Injury was the main renal finding in patients contaminated by SARS-CoV-2. (bvsalud.org)
  • Coronavirus infection, acute kidney injury, risk factors. (bvsalud.org)
  • The majoritary findings concluded that Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) was the main renal finding in patients contaminated by SARS-coV-2, follow by the risk factors identified for developing renal worsening in patients with COVID-19, like the extremes of age, race, sex, pre-existing diseases and disease evolution. (bvsalud.org)
  • In its Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) stratifies specific comorbidities that include atherosclerotic CVD, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and HF ( 11 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • It also may play a central role in the progression of glomerular lesions to later stages of chronic kidney disease . (medscape.com)
  • Chronic kidney disease affects more than 697 million people around the world. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Using innovative techniques such as single cell RNA-sequencing, the researchers unraveled the crucial role tha t lipid metabolism genes play in protecting against chronic kidney failure. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • In almost all cases of chronic kidney disease, damage occurs in these cells, but until now, it was not known which cellular mechanisms were respon sible for such dysfunction. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Specifically, in the kid neys of mice with chronic kidney disease, they detected that a greater proportion of the proximal tubule cells had a different molecular signature than that found in the kidneys of healthy animals. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern with an increasing prevalence worldwide. (medthority.com)
  • To address this gap, Heerspink and colleagues designed the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (DAPA-CKD) trial specifically to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, for the treatment of CKD. (medthority.com)
  • Dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (DAPA-CKD) clinical trial (Adapted 10 ). (medthority.com)
  • Historically, elevated PFAS serum levels are linked to multiple adverse chronic health outcomes including kidney cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Chronic HBV infection per se is known to increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as membranous glomerulonephritis. (medscape.com)
  • To reveal its mechanism of action, we investigated the interaction of canagliflozin with SGLT1 and SGLT2. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Based on the K i value, canagliflozin is estimated to sufficiently inhibit SGLT2 from the urinary side in renal proximal tubules. (aspetjournals.org)
  • however, the cardioreno-protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors were attributed to mechanisms that were independent of their glucose-lowering effects. (medthority.com)
  • Heerspink and colleagues reasoned, therefore, that SGLT2 inhibitors could conceivably preserve kidney function in non-diabetic kidney disease. (medthority.com)
  • A sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is an antihyperglycemic agent that effectively improves glycemic control through inhibiting glucose absorption in the proximal tubule of the kidney [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found that "knockout" mice lacking one of these transport proteins have a high incidence of calcium oxalate urinary stones, the same type that is most common in human patients with kidney stones. (yale.edu)
  • In the prevention or treatment of mountain sickness, acetazolamide inhibits the ability of the kidneys to reabsorb bicarbonate, the conjugate base of carbonic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • The kidneys also reabsorb glucose and amino acids and have hormonal functions via erythropoietin, calcitriol, and vitamin D activation. (medscape.com)
  • Within the proximal tubules, the GLUT9 protein helps reabsorb or excrete a substance called urate. (medlineplus.gov)
  • About 95% of free -2-m is filtered by the branous and proliferative being the most normal glomerulus and a normal kidney is common [ 2 ]. (who.int)
  • Research has shown that gold nanoparticles generally pass unscathed through a structure in the kidney called the glomerulus and then travel into proximal tubules, which make up over 50% of the kidney. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Here, we utilized immortalized cell lines derived from the S1, S2, and S3 segments of mouse kidney proximal tubules, and examined the segment-specific and direction-dependent transport of Cd and manganese (Mn) using a trans-well culture system. (go.jp)
  • A whole tissue extract of the mouse kidney cortex was analyzed by an unbiased proteomic approach, yielding a dataset of ~2,000 unique proteins identified with strict criteria to ensure a high level of confidence in protein identification. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The lysosomal accumulation of cystine leads to severe dysfunction of the epithelial cells lining the proximal tubule of the kidney, causing defective endocytosis and massive losses of solutes in the urine. (uzh.ch)
  • Although the limited cost-effectiveness of nontargeted urine screening of the well-child population has driven this revision, the impact of failing to detect significant kidney disease in an asymptomatic child remains to be determined. (medscape.com)
  • Part of that work has focused on understanding how gold nanoparticles are filtered by the kidneys and cleared from the body through urine. (scitechdaily.com)
  • 5.Medial indentation where blood vessels enter/exit kidney, cortex is outer portion of kidney, medulla is inner, medulla has triangular shaped regions called pyramids, the apex (point) of each pyramid is a papilla, the pelvis is a funnel-like structure inside the kidney in the region of the hilus collecting urine from the pyramids and has extensions into the pyramids called calyces. (msudenver.edu)
  • The general goal of our research is to understand how the kidney regulates the composition of the urine, especially as needed to maintain the salt (NaCl) and acid-base balance of the body. (yale.edu)
  • We showed that the cause of the calcium oxalate kidney stones is a very high concentration of oxalate in the urine. (yale.edu)
  • We found that this kidney transport protein also plays a very crucial role in the intestine, where it secretes oxalate and thereby limits how much of ingested oxalate is absorbed and then excreted in the urine. (yale.edu)
  • Some of this filtered protein is degraded and reabsorbed by the proximal tubules, but some is excreted in the urine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Presence of protein in the urine is toxic to the kidneys and causes renal damage. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Renal hypouricemia often does not cause any health problems but can lead to kidney stones , blood in the urine (hematuria), or pain and nausea after exercise. (medlineplus.gov)
  • While it is not clear how these changes in urate levels lead to the signs and symptoms of renal hypouricemia, it is likely that the loss of urate's antioxidant properties in combination with the increase in urate passing through the kidneys to be released in the urine contribute to the characteristic features of this condition. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The distal convoluted tubule is ADH and aldosterone dependent. (msudenver.edu)
  • These are some cells of the wall of the distal convoluted tubule that make renin. (msudenver.edu)
  • In organoids, this cascade of developmental regulators is perturbed, and proximal-distal cell fates form abnormally, as is evident by co- expression of normally segregated genes. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • We also established a renal proximal tubule-specific autophagy-related gene 7-knockout mouse model shown to be defective in both basal and cisplatin-induced autophagy in kidneys. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Compared with controls, VHL knockout kidneys are smaller and developmentally delayed by postnatal day 1, and have about half the number of glomeruli at postnatal day 21. (lww.com)
  • Immunoblot analysis of human kidney cortex demonstrated that hOAT1 is an 80- to 90-kilodalton heterogeneous protein modified by abundant N -glycosylation. (aspetjournals.org)
  • They then radiate into interlobular arteries, which extend into the cortex of the kidney to finally become afferent arterioles, then peritubular capillaries to efferent arterioles. (medscape.com)
  • Despite the enormous financial and personal burden that this entails, until now the biological mechanisms behind this condition were unknown, due to the structural and functional complexity of the kidney. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • In healthy adults, each of o ur kidneys contains an average of 1.5 million nephrons, the basic functional units of the kidney that constantly filter waste products from the blood. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • How to intervene in the occurrence and development of related diseases by regulating cell ferroptosis has become a hotspot and focus of etiological research and treatment, but the functional changes and specific molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis still need to be further explored. (nature.com)
  • The kidney is a central hub of mammalian metabolism, but its metabolic function is relatively understudied. (au.dk)
  • We used histologic, immunofluorescence, RNA sequencing, and metabolic assays to characterize kidneys from these mice and controls during development and up to postnatal day 21. (lww.com)
  • The essential role of kidneys in normal physiology, including plasma filtration of metabolic waste products, acid-base balance, regulation of plasma volume, and hormone secretion, is indicated by the large number of diverse, life threatening renal diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The current review focuses on the role of the eCB system in normal kidney function and various diseases, such as diabetes and obesity, that directly contributes to the development of renal pathologies. (degruyter.com)
  • Elucidation of biochemical mechanisms regarding the metal-transporting ability of ZIP8 and its alteration by mutation is required for better understanding of the role of ZIP8 in human diseases. (nih.gov)
  • Proteomic methodologies increasingly have been applied to the kidney to map the renal cortical proteome and to identify global changes in renal proteins induced by diseases such as diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings suggest that previous approaches focused on either glomeruli or tubules are insufficient for a global understanding of the pathophysiology of complicated renal diseases such as DN. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the importance of the kidney in normal and disease states, numerous proteomic methodologies increasingly have been applied to the kidney, and novel combinations of research tools are now available to identify global changes in renal protein expression patterns induced by diseases such as diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of many diseases, such as tumors, nervous system diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, kidney injury, and blood diseases. (nature.com)
  • In the normally functioning kidney, beta-2m is cleared by glomerular filtration and is catabolized in the proximal tubules. (medscape.com)
  • Next, I tested the hypothesis that deletion of the claudin-2 gene Cldn2 in mice causes nephrocalcinosis similar to human kidney stone disease using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analyses. (ku.edu)
  • This study aims to investigate the effects of PFHxS exposure on female reproduction and the underlying mechanism in mice. (researchsquare.com)
  • Results Monoallelic expression of cubilin Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries in the renal proximal tubules Kidney sections from wildtype mice and mice heterozy Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries gous for Cubn exon 1 6 deletion with an EGFP cassette insertion were immunolabeled with antibodies to cubilin and EGFP. (microrna21.com)
  • In kidneys from wildtype mice, all proximal tubules displayed prominent and relatively uniform brush border immunolabeling with anti cubilin IgG. (microrna21.com)
  • By contrast, the kidneys of Cubn del exon 1 6.EGFP mice showed strong immunolabeling in the brush border regions of only a subset of proximal tubules. (microrna21.com)
  • Evaluation of EGFP immunolabeling in kidney sections from these mice revealed a similar discontinuous distribution, with some cells showing high levels of anti Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries EGFP immuno fluorescence while adjacent cells had only weak fluores cence. (microrna21.com)
  • Similar observations were made in the kidneys of female Cubn mice. (microrna21.com)
  • CD-1 mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes displayed kidney fibrosis that was associated with the EMT at 4 months after diabetes induction. (jci.org)
  • For example, work with mice lacking anion exchanger Slc26a6, which can function as an oxalate transporter, revealed a phenotype of calcium oxalate kidney stones. (yale.edu)
  • The healthy kidney can eliminate endogenous end products of metabolism, as well as exogenous toxins that are both large- and small- molecular-weight substances. (medscape.com)
  • The molecular mechanisms leading to energy depletion and cell death in the kidney proximal tubules, are investigated in various experimental models of AKI. (unthsc.edu)
  • The overarching goal is to explore the handling and molecular wiring of sugar-amino acid conjugates in the proteo-metabolomic space of the kidney in an interdisciplinary fashion. (au.dk)
  • The mechanisms linking lysosomal defect and epithelial dysfunction were unknown, preventing the development of disease-modifying therapies. (uzh.ch)
  • These results bear on the understanding of a fundamental mode of mitochondrial dysfunction during tubule injury and on strategies to prevent and reverse it. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Confocal microscopy image of a kidney organoid generated in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells that have been differentiated for 20 days using three-dimensional cultures. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • In cases of a mild injury or disease, kidney cells do have limited repair capabilities, and stem cells in the kidney can form new kidney cells, but only up to a point, said Dr. Jie Zheng, professor of chemistry and biochemistry in the School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics and co-corresponding author of the study. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Recently, kidney organoids have been grown in vitro from stem cells, but proximal tubule cells form poorly and fail to mature in these models. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • It is not recommended in those with significant kidney problems, liver problems, or who are allergic to sulfonamides. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aspergillus -derived mycotoxins, including aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, and fumonisins (members of the fusariotoxin group) can cause pathological damage to vital organs, including the kidney or liver. (frontiersin.org)
  • Unlike the liver and skin, where cells divide to create new daughter cells and regenerate the organ, cells in the proximal tubules of the kidney are mitotically quiescent - they do not divide to create new cells. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Unlike classical neurotransmitters, eCBs are not stored in vesicles, and the mechanism of their release from cells is not yet clear. (degruyter.com)
  • Even when released, they remain largely membrane associated due to their hydrophobic nature and can be taken up by cells via a high-affinity uptake mechanism [ 23 ], which is followed by their enzymatic degradation. (degruyter.com)
  • Our study demonstrated that S1, S2, and S3 cells provide a useful tool for studying the segment-specific and direction-dependent transport of both toxic and essential metals in the kidney's proximal tubules. (go.jp)
  • The underlying mechanism is most probably a blockade of anion conductance in the plasma membrane at nanomolar concentrations of OTA with subsequent disturbance of cellular acid-base homeostasis as shown in cultured kidney cells. (karger.com)
  • Disturbance of cellular pH homeostasis is probably also involved in OTA-induced transformation of cultured kidney cells. (karger.com)
  • It is produced by Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) a variety of cells, including monocytes and accounts for 90% of nephrosis in child- mesangial cells in the kidney [ 9 ]. (who.int)
  • A switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration drives these cells toward differentiation, but the mechanisms that control this switch are poorly defined. (lww.com)
  • By sequencing the RNA of each of the thousands of cells present in the kidney, the researchers observed for the first time important differences between healthy and diseased cells in the proximal tubule. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Noting these observations, the IBEC researchers went one s tep further and, using human mini-kidneys, demonstrated that these changes were due to a decrease in the expression of some of the genes that regulate lipid metabolism in proximal tubule cells. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Last April, the researchers demonstrated their effectiveness as a study model by u sing them to decipher in record time how SARS-CoV-2 interacts and infects the cells of these mini-kidneys, in addition to identifying a therapy aimed at reducing viral load. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • University of Texas at Dallas scientists discovered a unique "housekeeping" process in kidney cells where unwanted content is ejected, rejuvenating the cells. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Scientists from the University of Texas at Dallas have identified a previously unknown "housekeeping" process in kidney cells that ejects unwanted content, resulting in cells that rejuvenate themselves and remain functioning and healthy. (scitechdaily.com)
  • In most scenarios, if kidney cells are severely injured, they will die, and they cannot regenerate," said Zheng, a Distinguished Chair in Natural Sciences and Mathematics. (scitechdaily.com)
  • From left: University of Texas at Dallas researchers Dr. Jie Zheng, Yingyu Huang PhD'20, and Dr. Mengxiao Yu recently published a study in Nature Nanotechnology describing a previously unknown self-renewal process in kidney cells. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The effects of high glucose on [ 3 H]-arachidonic acid (AA) release and angiotensin II (Ang II) binding and its related signal pathway were examined in primary cultured rabbit renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs). (korea.ac.kr)
  • A major contributing factor to this bottleneck is that we do not understand the developmental programs generating proximal tubule cells in vivo and how these deviate in organoid development. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • The consequence is that there has been little success replicating proximal tubule cells in vitro. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • Given their clinical importance there is a critical need to generate high-fidelity models for proximal tubule cells. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • Based on preliminary data, our working hypothesis is that proximal tubule cells form abnormally in kidney organoids due to absent signaling cues. (rebuildingakidney.org)
  • Here we report that 2-(14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoyl)glycerol (2-14,15-EG), a novel cP450 arachidonate metabolite produced in the kidney, is a potent mitogen for renal proximal tubule cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Toxicity and transcriptome comparisons of different firefighting foam exposures in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus proximal tubules can be salvaged from hypoxia-reoxygenation mitochondrial injury by both anaerobic metabolism of citric-acid cycle intermediates and aerobic metabolism of succinate. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Overflow proteinuria occurs when excessive amounts of small plasma proteins (eg, immunoglobulin light chains produced in multiple myeloma) exceed the reabsorptive capacity of the proximal tubules. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Secretions of substances such as hydrogen ions, ammonia, and drugs occur primarily in the convoluted tubules. (msudenver.edu)
  • The first portion of each renal tubule is called the proximal tubule, and the proximal tubules are collectively responsible for reabsorbing the vast majority of the filtered NaCl, bicarbonate and water, and secreting acid in the form of ammonium ions. (yale.edu)
  • These kidney organoids contain renal structures including proximal tubules (marked with LTL, in green) and podocytes (expressing PODXL, in red) t hat partly resemble the renal structures of the human kidney. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • The kidneys are paired retroperitoneal structures that are normally located between the transverse processes of T12-L3 vertebrae, with the left kidney typically somewhat more superior in position than the right. (medscape.com)
  • Grossly, the kidneys are bean-shaped structures and weigh about 150 g in the male and about 135 g in the female. (medscape.com)
  • This protein is found mainly in the kidneys, specifically in structures called proximal tubules. (medlineplus.gov)
  • β 2 -microglobulin (β 2 -MG) and N -acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) are the dominant biomarkers employed routinely in environmental toxicology research, while kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are also emerging as effective markers to identify mycotoxin induced nephropathy. (frontiersin.org)
  • 5% false discovery rate) between risk of MACE and eight proteins: matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12, IL-27 subunit α (IL-27a), kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23, protein S100-A12, TNF receptor (TNFR)-1, TNFR-2 and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAIL-R)2. (springer.com)
  • As such, it is maintained within a narrow range through the actions of gastrointestinal, bone, kidney, and endocrine tissues. (ku.edu)
  • This unique self-renewal method, distinct from known regeneration processes in other body tissues, sheds light on how the kidneys can maintain their health throughout one's life in the absence of injury or illness. (scitechdaily.com)
  • We have also been studying mechanisms by which oxalate crystals induce inflammation and thereby cause damage to the kidney and other tissues. (yale.edu)
  • One approach involves the generation of isoform- and phospho-specific polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to identify the cellular and subcellular sites of expression of ion exchangers in the kidney and other tissues, and to study their regulation. (yale.edu)
  • This finding in turn has motivated studies on the mechanisms and regulation of oxalate transporters and their roles in oxalate homeostasis, urolithiasis, and crystal-induced inflammation in the kidney and other tissues. (yale.edu)
  • These mechanisms lead to the development of HF and should be taken into consideration when selecting pharmacologic therapy for type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In collaborative projects, the laboratory is 1) developing novel drug delivery approaches in AKI and CKD 2) characterizing a novel mouse model of congenital obstructive nephropathy and 3) elucidating mechanisms leading to hemodynamic alterations in hypertension and diabetes. (unthsc.edu)
  • This mechanism becomes maladaptive in diabetes, however, as hyperglycaemia augments the expression and activity of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 in the proximal tubule of the kidney. (uthscsa.edu)
  • To investigate the mechanism underlying the improvement in cardiac energy status with empagliflozin, real-time and accurate monitoring of the pathways and amount of energy production in vivo is needed. (nature.com)
  • Our lab has specifically focused on identifying the proteins involved in mediating the transport of bicarbonate, NaCl and ammonium in the proximal tubule. (yale.edu)
  • To eliminate waste products from the body, the kidney filters gigantic quantities of the plasma (over 160 quarts per day) resulting in the flow of huge quantities of water, NaCl and the base bicarbonate through the renal tubules. (yale.edu)
  • It is present in both the central nervous system and peripheral organs including the kidney. (degruyter.com)
  • This mechanism, different from typical regeneration in other organs, could explain why kidneys stay healthy for a lifetime. (scitechdaily.com)
  • We have further examined the mechanisms for a severe mitochondrial energetic deficit, deenergization, and impaired respiration in complex I that develop in kidney proximal tubules during hypoxia-reoxygenation, and their prevention and reversal by supplementation with α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) + aspartate. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Finally, we describe current progress using an in vivo approach that furthers our understanding of the regulation of Fgf23 expression by PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3 and provide the first evidence that P may act to induce Fgf23 expression via a complex transcriptional mechanism in bone. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, the mechanism of angiotensin II receptor regulation in diabetic condition has not been elucidated. (korea.ac.kr)
  • What is the downstream regulation mechanism of iron in ferroptosis? (nature.com)
  • My findings indicate that this papillary pattern of nephrocalcinosis shares striking similarities to human kidney stone disease. (ku.edu)
  • Our colleagues subsequently identified multiple SNPs in the CLDN2 locus that associate with human kidney stone disease. (ku.edu)
  • Northern analysis detected a specific 2.5-kilobase pair hOAT1 transcript only in human kidney. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Although the kidney functions as the major excretory system in mammals, monitoring and screening for mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity is only now a developmental area in the field of livestock feed toxicology. (frontiersin.org)
  • These data indicate that hOAT1 may significantly contribute to the accumulation of cidofovir and adefovir in renal proximal tubules and, thus, play an active role in the mechanism of nephrotoxicity associated with these antiviral therapeutics. (aspetjournals.org)
  • b ), suggesting that active drug accumulation in renal proximal tubules may play a role in the etiology of the drug-associated nephrotoxicity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Glucose is reabsorbed from the proximal convoluted tubule to the bloodstream by active transport. (msudenver.edu)
  • Here substances can pass directly from the bloodstream into these tubules. (msudenver.edu)
  • Recent studies have showed that the kidneys also play a central role in glucose homeostasis by reabsorbing all the filtered glucose, an adaptive mechanism that ensures sufficient energy is available during fasting periods. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Empagliflozin normalized the suppressed Sirt3 levels and aberrant glycolysis that was characterized by HIF-1α accumulation, hexokinase 2 induction, and pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 dimer formation in diabetic kidneys. (jci.org)
  • Empagliflozin also suppressed the accumulation of glycolysis byproducts in diabetic kidneys. (jci.org)
  • This discussion focuses on proteinuria in children who appear well and in whom proteinuria is often incidentally discovered during an examination done for reasons other than an evaluation for suspected kidney disease. (medscape.com)
  • Future perspectives regarding evaluation and early diagnosis of kidney injury in these patients are also discussed. (revistanefrologia.com)
  • In addition, claudin-2 expression is an important mediator of calcium transport that is associated with kidney stone disease in humans. (ku.edu)
  • Several kidney biomarkers are used successfully in drug development, however cost-efficient, and reliable kidney biomarkers are urgently needed for monitoring farm animals for early signs of kidney disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, this is probably not a significant mechanism of dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA), since the disease is also seen in patients on CAPD and people who have never been on dialysis. (medscape.com)
  • In this project, we aim understand the mechanism by which common amino acid-sugar conjugates alter or propagate kidney disease. (au.dk)
  • My research goal is to understand the mechanisms of kidney disease to develop new therapies for renal failure. (au.dk)
  • Having trained in physiological, systems biology, nephrology and mass spectrometry labs, he is developing omics technologies that are directly applicable to investigate patient-relevant disease mechanisms from human biopsies, subproteomes and interactomes. (au.dk)
  • The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) no longer advises routine screening of healthy children for kidney disease using urinalysis at any age. (medscape.com)
  • Kidney disease associated with androgenic-anabolic steroids and vitamin supplements abuse: Be aware! (revistanefrologia.com)
  • Several mechanisms lead to hypercalcemia in malignancy-direct osteolysis by metastatic disease or, more commonly, production of humoral factors by the primary tumor also known as humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy that accounts for about 80% of malignancy-related hypercalcemia. (hindawi.com)
  • That's a big challenge in health management for kidney disease. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Further research may lead to improvements in nanomedicine and early detection of kidney disease, he said. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The primary endpoint, a composite outcome, was the first occurrence of a decline in eGFR of at least 50%, onset of end-stage kidney disease, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. (medthority.com)
  • An urgent need exists to evaluate past AFFF and near future SFFF exposures for key characteristics of carcinogens (KCCs) and underlying mechanisms of disease. (cdc.gov)
  • to identify the risk factors that lead patients infected by the new coronavirus to develop kidney disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study conducted was made thinking about the level of incidence and registraition of kidney comitment in patient with COVID-19 and what was the cause as well, considerating that this disease affects majoritaryly the respiratory tract. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although the mechanisms of metal transport in the convoluted proximal tubule (S1 and S2 segments) and the straight proximal tubule (S3 segment) may differ, little is known about the segment-specific modes of metal transport. (go.jp)
  • Here we explored the possibility that cubilin, an autosomal gene, is regulated through epi genetic mechanisms and whether such processes might have consequences on cubilin function and on the expres sion of its partners, amnionless and megalin. (microrna21.com)
  • Act (FQPA) of 1996 requires that factors to be considered in establishing, modifying, or revoking tolerances for pesticide chemical residues shall include the available information concerning the cumulative effects of substances that have a common mechanism of toxicity, and combined exposure levels to the substance and other related substances. (cdc.gov)
  • Recent studies have shown that EMT is a fundamental cellular mechanism, promoting cell migra tion and loss of cell polarity during organ formation and differentiation. (microrna21.com)
  • Combining single cell RNA-sequencing, and the use of bioengineering to produce mini-kidneys, they were able to identify the key cellular level differences between healthy and diseased kidneys. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • In this study, single cell RNA-sequencing of the mini-kidney samples was carried o ut in the laboratory of Dr. Felipe Prósper at the Clínica Universidad de Navarra and CIMA Universidad de Navarra. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • The extrusion-mediated self-renewal mechanism is fundamentally different from other known regenerative processes - such as cell division - and housecleaning tasks like exocytosis. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The Journal publishes articles on basic or clinical research relating to nephrology, arterial hypertension, dialysis and kidney transplants. (revistanefrologia.com)