Maturity onset hepatocyte nuclear factor 1. Medical search. Frequent questions

Update on mutations in glucokinase (GCK), which cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young, permanent neonatal diabetes, and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. (degruyter.com)
Diabetes in subjects with hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α gene mutations (maturity-onset diabetes of the young [MODY]-3) is characterized by impaired insulin secretion. (diabetesjournals.org)
Mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α gene cause the most common form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), type 3 ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Mutations in the HNF4A gene have been linked to maturity onset diabetes of the young 1 (MODY1). (wikipedia.org)
MODY can result from mutations in any one of the six different genes, one of which encodes the glycolytic enzyme Glucokinase, associated with MO-DY2 and the other five encode transcription factors HNF4-alpha associated with MODY 1, HNF1-alpha associated with MODY 3, IPF with MODY 4, HNF1-Beta with MODY 5 and NeuroD1 with MO-DY6. (scirp.org)
Studies related to mutations in the MODY genes have led to a better understanding of the genetic causes of the Beta cell dysfunction as genetic factors plays a great role in this disorder. (scirp.org)
1999) High frequency of mutations in MODY and mitochondrial genes in Scandinavian patients with familial early-onset diabetes. (scirp.org)
Mutations in the HNF1B gene cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). (medlineplus.gov)
Prevalence, characteristics and clinical diagnosis of maturity onset diabetes of the young due to mutations in HNF1A, HNF4A, and glucokinase: Results from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth. (medarhive.ru)
and GCK gene mutations in Kashmiri patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). (cdc.gov)
beta-cell transcription factors and diabetes: no evidence for diabetes-associated mutations in the gene encoding the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor neurogenic differentiation 4 (NEUROD4) in Japanese patients with MODY. (uchicago.edu)
Mutations in the glucokinase gene are not a major cause of late-onset type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects. (uchicago.edu)
OBJECTIVE: Loss-of-function mutations in human hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4alpha) are associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young and lipid disorders. (omeka.net)
Mutations in the coding region of the neurogenin 3 gene (NEUROG3) are not a common cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young in Japanese subjects. (uchicago.edu)
No diabetes-associated mutations in the coding region of the hepatocyte nuclear factor-4gamma gene (HNF4G) in Japanese patients with MODY. (uchicago.edu)
Beta-cell transcription factors and diabetes: no evidence for diabetes-associated mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-3beta gene (HNF3B) in Japanese patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young. (uchicago.edu)
Mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha gene in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY3) Nature. (uchicago.edu)

What is Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)? (healthline.com)
One day, Salsbury heard about a rare, inherited form of diabetes called MODY (maturity onset diabetes of the young) , that doesn't require as much insulin, at least initially. (healthline.com)
Since just an estimated 1 to 2 percent of those with diabetes have a genetic mutation leading to MODY, there isn't much discussion about it within the patient community, and most medical professionals don't bring it up unless they are questioned. (healthline.com)
The term MODY was first coined in the 1970s by pioneering researchers who identified what appeared to be a mild form of diabetes in children that didn't necessarily require insulin as was needed for those with the more common "juvenile diabetes" (before it was later renamed type 1). (healthline.com)
While most research existing shows it's as rare as 1 to 2 percent of all diabetes cases, more current research now indicates that as many as 6.5 percent of children with antibody-negative diabetes may have a form of MODY. (healthline.com)
Maturity-onset diabetes of the youth (MODY), is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of diseasesand is often misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. (degruyter.com)
Is maturity onset diabetes at young age (MODY) more common in Europe than previously assumed? (degruyter.com)
Diagnosis and management of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). (degruyter.com)
9. Shields BM, Hicks S, Shepherd MH, Colclough K, Hattersley AT, Ellard S. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY): how many cases are we missing? (degruyter.com)
MODY 1 or HNF4A-MODY is a form of maturity onset diabetes of the young. (wikipedia.org)
MODY 1 is due to a loss-of-function mutation in the HNF4A (MODY1) gene on chromosome 12. (wikipedia.org)
Many patients with MODY 1 are treated with sulfonylureas for years before insulin is required. (wikipedia.org)
Background: Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is an autosomal dominant condition and represents 1-5% of all cases of diabetes mellitus. (unl.pt)
MODY is often misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. (unl.pt)
The rare subtype 5 (HNF1B-MODY) is due to hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1B) molecular alteration and is remarkable for its multisystemic phenotypes characterized by a broad spectrum of pancreatic and extra-pancreatic clinical manifestations. (unl.pt)
The disorder, Maturity Onset of Diabetes of the young (MODY) is a monogenic form of Non-Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM), characterized by autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and onset is usually before 25 years of age. (scirp.org)
1998).Linkage and molecular scaning analysis of MODY 3/hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha gene in typical familial type 2 diabetes: Evidence for novel mutation in exon 8 and 10. (scirp.org)
1985) High prevalence of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) among Indians. (scirp.org)
Signs and symptoms of 17q12 deletion syndrome can include a type of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) called renal cysts and diabetes (RCAD) syndrome (described above). (medlineplus.gov)
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY): How many cases are we missing? (medarhive.ru)
Identification of a novel hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF1A) variant in maturity onset diabetes of the young type 3 (HNF1A-MODY). (cdc.gov)
Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) account for a major proportion of monogenic diabetes, while syndromic diabetes constitutes a smaller proportion. (pfmjournal.org)
however, it remains challenging to distinguish MODY from type 1 and 2 diabetes due to the lack of a single diagnostic criteria and genetic testing. (pfmjournal.org)
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) type 3 is a dominantly inherited form of diabetes, which is often misdiagnosed as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). (jci.org)
Monogenic forms of diabetes, previously termed maturity-onset diabetes of youth (MODY), are not considered type 1 or type 2 (although they are sometimes mistaken for them) and are uncommon (1 to 4% of cases). (msdmanuals.com)

We found that the ratio of the concentrations of glibenclamide and its metabolites was moderately increased in livers of Hnf-1α −/− mice, suggesting that hepatic glibenclamide metabolism was not impaired in animals with Hnf-1α deficiency. (diabetesjournals.org)
Our data demonstrate that high serum glibenclamide concentrations and an increased t 1/2 of glibenclamide in the blood of Hnf-1α −/− mice are caused by a defect in hepatic uptake of glibenclamide. (diabetesjournals.org)
Its phenotype is changing from single lesions to multiple lesions owing to the reduction in estrogen exposure and increasing incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome as driving factors in the formation of hepatic adenoma. (medscape.com)
Hepatic hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha is essential for maintaining triglyceride and cholesterol homeostasis. (omeka.net)
Within the basis of these analyses, we investigated the relationship in between acti vated pathways, experimental RT qPCR information, and every day hepatocytes metabolic activities, within the framework of hepatic zonation. (sykinhibitors.com)

Mice lacking the Hnf-1α gene ( 3 , 4 ) also have a dramatic reduction in insulin secretory response to glucose. (diabetesjournals.org)
This gene codes for hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (HNF4-α) protein also known as transcription factor 14 (TCF14). (wikipedia.org)
Methods: In our study enzyme amplification (PCR) of the 10 target exons of the said gene with simultaneous mutation detection in them by PCR-SSCP (Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism) reaction analysis method was attempted by screening of exon 1 - 10 with respect to normal healthy controls without Diabetes Mellitus. (scirp.org)
2001) Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the glucose transporter gene GLUT1 in maturity-onset diabetes of the young. (scirp.org)
The HNF1B gene provides instructions for making a protein called hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 beta (HNF-1β). (medlineplus.gov)
A deletion of this region results in a loss of one copy of the HNF1B gene in each cell, leading to a reduced amount of HNF-1β protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Novel HNF1A gene mutation in maturity-onset diabetes of the young: A case report. (cdc.gov)
Targeted gene panel analysis of Japanese patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young-like diabetes mellitus: Roles of inactivating variants in the ABCC8 and insulin resistance genes. (cdc.gov)
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele). (nih.gov)
cDNA sequence and localization of polymorphic human cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene (PCK1) to chromosome 20, band q13.31: PCK1 is not tightly linked to maturity-onset diabetes of the young. (uchicago.edu)
Knockout mice with heterozygous deletion of the Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter- Transcription Factor II (COUP-TFII) gene or complete disruption of the Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 alpha (HNF4alpha) gene in pancreatic beta cells have similar insulin secretion defects leading us to hypothesize that there is transcriptional cross-talk between these two nuclear receptors. (lonza.com)
A stable association of the endogenous HNF4alpha with a region of the COUP-TFII gene promoter that contains a direct repeat 1 (DR-1) binding site was revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. (lonza.com)
Finally, hCOUP-TFII overexpression showed that there is direct COUP-TFII autorepression as COUP-TFII occupies the proximal DR-1 binding site of its own gene in vivo. (lonza.com)
This gene encodes a transcription factor that is important for the development of the hematopoietic, cardiac and gastrointestinal systems. (eurospe.org)
In this review article, we outline key characteristics of major gene therapy viruses-adenovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), and lentivirus-and summarize the mechanisms regulating important steps in the virus journey from binding at peripheral nerve terminals to nuclear delivery. (frontiersin.org)
Table 1 categorizes the gene sets differentially expressed in the uFB and PD groups using a false discovery rate 0. (sykinhibitors.com)
Employing exactly the same gene expression information, there were 11 pathways with an FDR 0 in uFB and just one in PD maturity onset of diabetes in the youthful. (sykinhibitors.com)

HNF4 (Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4) is a nuclear receptor protein mostly expressed in the liver, gut, kidney, and pancreatic beta cells that is critical for liver development. (wikipedia.org)
The ligand binding domain of HNF4, as with other nuclear receptors, adopts a canonical alpha helical sandwich fold and interacts with co-activator proteins. (wikipedia.org)
This seems to be caused by HNF4-a's [1] role in the synthesis of SHBG, which is known to be severely diminished in patients with insulin-resistance. (wikipedia.org)
COUP-TFs are generally considered to be repressors of transcription for other nuclear hormone receptors such as retinoic acid receptor (RAR), thyroid hormone receptor (TR), vitamin D receptor (VDR), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4). (umbc.edu)

To study the pharmacogenetic mechanism(s), we have investigated glibenclamide-induced insulin secretion, glibenclamide clearance from the blood, and glibenclamide metabolism in wild-type and Hnf-1α-deficient mice. (diabetesjournals.org)
To study the metabolism of glibenclamide in Hnf-1α −/− animals, we analyzed liver extracts from [ 3 H]glibenclamide-injected animals by reverse-phase chromatography. (diabetesjournals.org)
Insulin signaling affects multiple downstream pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which controls growth, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), which stimulates the synthesis of lipid and cholesterol as well as the family of Forkhead (FOXO) transcription factors regulating metabolism and autophagy [ 9 ] [ 10 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

The HNF-1β protein is one of a large group of transcription factors called homeodomain proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
Pancreatic islet beta cell differentiation and function are dependent upon a group of transcription factors that maintain the expression of key genes and suppress others. (lonza.com)
DNA-binding domain of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factors (COUP-TFs) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers. (umbc.edu)
Like other members of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors, COUP-TFs have a central well conserved DNA binding domain (DBD), a variable N-terminal domain, a flexible hinge and a C-terminal ligand binding domain (LBD). (umbc.edu)

Members of the family of nuclear receptors, the three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ take part in the modulation of these pathways. (encyclopedia.pub)
Free circulating insulin activates insulin receptors on the surface of target cells eliciting a signaling cascade initiated by the activation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS 1-4) followed by phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), which manages metabolic response including PDK1 and Akt stimulation by phosphorylation. (encyclopedia.pub)
COUP-TFs homodimerize or heterodimerize with retinoid X receptor (RXR) and a few other nuclear receptors and bind to a variety of response elements that are composed of imperfect AGGTCA direct or inverted repeats with various spacings. (umbc.edu)

The T2DM is a genetically heterogeneous disease, with several relatively rare monogenic forms and a number of more common forms resulting from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. (scialert.net)

Furthermore, transgenic mice that express GLUT2 antisense RNAs driven by the insulin promoter led to an 80% reduction in GLUT2 which was paralleled by a decreased glucose-induced insulin secretory response and by the onset of diabetes (48). (justia.com)
A fragment of the murine GLUT2 promoter has been cloned and shown to be glucose-responsive when transfected into differentiated insulin-producing cells or into hepatocytes (35,36,52). (justia.com)
Important cis-regulatory sequences were identified within this promoter region including a functionally responsive PDX-1 element, a cyclic AMP responsive element, and three cis elements termed GTI, GTII and GTIII (3,36,53). (justia.com)

The result on meta bolic pathways in uFB is supported by, and indi cates that uFB cultures signify a 3D culture issue yielding metabolically competent cells, closer in phenotype to principal human hepatocytes. (sykinhibitors.com)

Steatosis is a term used to denote lipid accumulation within hepatocytes. (nih.gov)
LAB treatment decreased levels of renal lipid peroxidation, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1). (e-dmj.org)

We show that despite a profound defect in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, diabetic Hnf-1α −/− mice have a robust glibenclamide-induced insulin secretory response. (diabetesjournals.org)

Current and best practices of genetic testing for maturity onset diabetes of the young: views of professional experts. (degruyter.com)
Hattersley, A.T. (1998) Maturity-onset diabetes of the young: Clinical heterogeneity explained by genetic heterogeneity. (scirp.org)
T2DM is a complex trait where common genetic variants having modest individual effects act together and interact with environmental factors to modulate the risk of the disease. (scialert.net)
Challenges faced when implementing precision medicine in diabetes are disease heterogeneity, various genetic influences, difficulties of accurate diagnosis, limitations of current treatment, and social, environmental, and psychological factors [ 6 ]. (pfmjournal.org)
Here, we review these recent findings that implicate genetic factors in human speech. (comparative-cognition-and-behavior-reviews.org)
We therefore discuss how songbird studies have contributed to the current understanding of genetic factors that impact human speech, and support the continued use of this animal model for such studies in the future. (comparative-cognition-and-behavior-reviews.org)
These preadaptations are likely genetically encoded, which suggests that despite the distant relationships between vocal learners, there are some common genetic factors. (comparative-cognition-and-behavior-reviews.org)

Testing for hyperglycemia is recommended for patients with classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus , and screening is recommended for asymptomatic patients who are at high risk of prediabetes or diabetes (e.g., patients with obesity and additional risk factors ). (amboss.com)

Impacting roughly 5-10% of diabetes cases, type 1 diabetes is categorized as an autoimmune disorder, where the immune system mistakenly targets and damages the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. (gertitashkomd.com)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus ( T1DM ) is the result of an autoimmune response that triggers the destruction of insulin -producing β cells in the pancreas and results in an absolute insulin deficiency. (amboss.com)

Maturity onset diabetes of the young in India - a distinctive mutation pattern identified through targeted next-generation sequencing. (degruyter.com)
Froguel, P. and Velho, G. (1999) Molecular genetics of Maturity-onset Diabetes of the young. (scirp.org)
Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young: What Do Clinicians Need to Know? (medarhive.ru)
Study of the frequency and clinical features of maturity-onset diabetes in the young in the pediatric and adolescent diabetes population in Iran. (cdc.gov)
Therefore COUP-TFII could contribute to the control of insulin secretion through the complex HNF4alpha/maturity-onset diabetes of the young 1 (MODY1) transcription factor network operating in beta cells. (lonza.com)
Lessons learned from search for DNA marker for maturity-onset diabetes of the young. (uchicago.edu)

Mutation experiments showed that this DR-1 site is essential for HNF4alpha transactivation of COUP-TFII. (lonza.com)
Dominant negative suppression of HNF4alpha function decreased endogenous COUP-TFII expression and specific inactivation of COUP-TFII by short interfering (si)RNA caused HNF4alpha mRNA levels to decrease in 832/13 INS-1 cells. (lonza.com)
This positive regulation of HNF4alpha by COUP-TFII was confirmed by adenoviral overexpression of human (h)COUP-TFII which increased HNF4alpha mRNA in 832/13 INS-1 cells and in mouse pancreatic islets. (lonza.com)

Furthermore, the expression of GLUT2 and the glycolytic enzymes glucokinase and liver pyruvate kinase are reduced in pancreatic islets of Hnf-1α −/− mice compared with wild-type mice ( 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Introduction: Chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may alter linear growth, but previous reports regarding growth in children with T1DM has been inconsistent. (eurospe.org)
1- A 1-year-old boy with a history of many bacterial, viral and fungal infections presents to his physician with chronic diarrhea. (pdfcoffee.com)

Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome , 15 (1), [21]. (unl.pt)

Insulin secretion from islets of Hnf-1α −/− mice is blunted in response to glucose and other glycolytic stimuli but normal in response to non-nutrient secretagogues such as potassium ( 5 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
A diagnosis of GDM is made if one plasma glucose value is abnormal (i.e. fasting ≥5.3 mmol/L, 1 hour ≥10.6 mmol/L, 2 hours ≥9.0 mmol/L). The alternate approach is a 1-step approach of a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. (diabetes.ca)
A diagnosis of GDM is made if one plasma glucose value is abnormal (i.e. fasting ≥5.1 mmol/L, 1 hour ≥10.0 mmol/L, 2 hours ≥8.5 mmol/L). (diabetes.ca)

Objective: To investigate the mutation pattern in the different transcription factor genes with special reference to HNF1-alpha which are highly penetrant with 63% mutation carriers manifesting clinical diabetes by the age of 25 years. (scirp.org)
A shortage of this transcription factor disrupts the activity of genes that direct the development and function of certain tissues and organs. (medlineplus.gov)
A shortage of functional HNF-1β protein likely disrupts the regulation of genes that help direct development of the kidneys and urinary tract. (medlineplus.gov)
Transcriptional activator Islet-Brain 1 (IB1) is disclosed which is involved in the control of the GLUT2 and insulin genes by interacting with homologous cis-regulatory elements of the GLUT2 and insulin promoters, and to materials and methods deriving from this work. (justia.com)
The present invention is based on successful expression cloning of a transcription factor that binds to the GTII element of the GLUT2 and insulin genes from a differentiated insulin-secreting cDNA library. (justia.com)
Genes associated with human speech and language disorders provide some insights, originating with the FOXP2 transcription factor, a mutation in which is the source of an inherited form of developmental verbal dyspraxia. (comparative-cognition-and-behavior-reviews.org)

It often develops during childhood, manifesting with an acute onset (e.g., diabetic ketoacidosis ). (amboss.com)
With an incidence of about 1.5 per 100.000 citizen, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in the western hemisphere and probably worldwide [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Among them, the sirtuin, AMP-activated protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, p53, and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathways are most widely studied. (frontiersin.org)

insulin-secreting cells, the basolateral membrane of intestinal and kidney absorptive cells, in hepatocytes and in a subset of neurons (21,31,44). (justia.com)

the overall incidence in women taking OCPs has been estimated at 34 per million, whereas it is about 1-1.3 per million in women not taking OCPs. (medscape.com)

Early-onset diabetes involving three consecutive generations had different clinical features from age-matched type 2 diabetes without a family history in China. (cdc.gov)
However, this classification system does not fully capture the clinical heterogeneity of patients, and some patients cannot clearly be classified as having type 1 or type 2 diabetes at diagnosis. (msdmanuals.com)

It wasn't until a quarter century after being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) that Lori Salsbury in Arkansas realized the condition she'd been living with since she was 15 years old might not be what she thought it was. (healthline.com)
Most often, if asked I just tell people that I was diagnosed with type 1. (healthline.com)
We demonstrate that the half-life ( t 1/2 ) of glibenclamide in the blood is increased in Hnf-1α −/− mice compared with wild-type littermates (3.9 ± 1.3 vs. 1.5 ± 1.8 min, P ≤ 0.05). (diabetesjournals.org)
Six patients were initially misclassified as type 1 and 4 as type 2 diabetes. (unl.pt)
Type 1 diabetes, typically diagnosed in childhood, results from the immune system attacking insulin-producing cells. (gertitashkomd.com)
Type 2 diabetes, more common among adults, stems from insulin resistance and lifestyle factors. (gertitashkomd.com)
Typically identified during childhood or adolescence, type 1 diabetes requires ongoing insulin therapy to regulate blood sugar levels. (gertitashkomd.com)
All women with pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes should receive preconception care to optimize glycemic control, assess for complications, review medications and begin folic acid supplementation. (diabetes.ca)
Care by an interprofessional diabetes health-care team composed of a diabetes nurse educator, dietitian, obstetrician and endocrinologist/internist with expertise in diabetes, both prior to conception and during pregnancy, has been shown to minimize maternal and fetal risks in women with pre-existing type 1 and type 2 diabetes. (diabetes.ca)
Poorly controlled diabetes in a pregnant woman with type 1 or type 2 diabetes increases her risk of miscarrying, having a baby born with a malformation and having a stillborn. (diabetes.ca)
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the time of diagnosis in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Method: The medical records of children with T1D who were diagnosed between 16.03.2018 and 16.03.2022 in pediatric endocrinology clinics in Elazig province in Turkey were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of. (eurospe.org)
However, few studies have examined the literacy level of parents of children with type 1 diabete. (eurospe.org)
Lithospermic acid B (LAB), an active component isolated from Salvia miltiorrhizae, has been reported to have renoprotective effects in type 1 and type 2 diabetic animal models. (e-dmj.org)
Diabetes mellitus involves absence of insulin secretion (type 1) or peripheral insulin resistance (type 2), causing hyperglycemia. (msdmanuals.com)
Type 1 diabetes is the most common type in children, accounting for two thirds of new cases in children of all ethnic groups. (msdmanuals.com)
Although type 1 can occur at any age, it typically manifests between age 4 years and 6 years or between 10 years and 14 years. (msdmanuals.com)
Most patients are categorized as having type 1 or type 2 diabetes, and this distinction is used to guide treatment. (msdmanuals.com)

Glibenclamide uptake into hepatocytes was dramatically decreased in vivo and in vitro. (diabetesjournals.org)
In vivo Corneal Confocal Microscopy and Nerve Growth Factor in Diabetic Microvascular Complications. (e-dmj.org)

Relationship of insulin receptor substrate-1 and -2 genotypes to phenotypic features of polycystic ovary syndrome. (uchicago.edu)
C5a 2 receptor is associated with 1 mutation . (guidetopharmacology.org)

Diabetes care should be comprehensive and patient-centered , and it should include monitoring and management of ASCVD risk factors , microvascular complications (e.g., diabetic retinopathy , diabetic nephropathy , diabetic neuropathy ), and macrovascular complications (e.g. (amboss.com)

Long-term diabetes complications included retinopathy (4/10), peripheral neuropathy (2/10) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (1/10). (unl.pt)

The alarming indicators and signs for intracranial or intraorbital extension of rhinosinusitis include: therapy High fever Diplopia 1. (ehd.org)

In the kidneys, altered HNF-1β activity results in the formation of cysts or other abnormalities. (medlineplus.gov)

Hepatocyte nuclear factors Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A Chartier FL, Bossu JP, Laudet V, Fruchart JC, Laine B (1994). (wikipedia.org)

Moreover, the prognostic outcomes and factors affecting the survival of FL patients were examined. (bvsalud.org)
PET-CT scans upgraded 32 patients (19.4%) to stage IV, including 1 stage I and 4 stage II cases. (bvsalud.org)
Activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Isolated from Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy. (e-dmj.org)

Nerve growth factors (NGF) are believed to regulate peripheral and central nervous system, neuronal differentiation, and regeneration of damaged nerves, and their role in diabetic neuropathy is being emphasized these days. (e-dmj.org)

Early-onset diabetes caused by an insulin secretion defect. (jci.org)

Based on this role, the protein is called a transcription factor. (medlineplus.gov)
The HNF-1β protein is found in many organs and tissues, including the lungs, liver, intestines, pancreas, kidneys, genital tract, and urinary tract and is thought to play a role in their development. (medlineplus.gov)
The HNF-1β protein is important for development and function of the kidneys and beta cells in the pancreas. (medlineplus.gov)
The changes reduce the amount of functional HNF-1β protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Many change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the HNF-1β protein. (medlineplus.gov)
cell lines, these transcripts are translated into immunodetectable cytoplasmic and nuclear protein. (justia.com)
Lastly, the distinct effects of matched protein expression data from the two groups led us to investigate the function of ubiquitination during the onset of oncogenic properties. (sykinhibitors.com)

GTI and GTIII have been previously shown to bind distinct, but ubiquitously expressed trans-acting factors. (justia.com)

Nature communications 2022 8 13 (1): 5106. (cdc.gov)
Endocrine 2022 Oct 78 (1): 47-56. (cdc.gov)

53 Suppl 1:S19-25. (uchicago.edu)

Other extra-pancreatic manifestations included liver test alterations (4/10) and congenital malformation of the female reproductive tract (1/6). (unl.pt)

Anatomy19

Organisms7

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs90

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes51

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Mutations17

MODY25

Hepatic5

Gene17

HNF44

Metabolism3

Transcription factors4

Receptors3

Monogenic1

Promoter3

Phenotype1

Lipid2

Insulin secretory response1

Genetic7

Obesity1

Autoimmune2

Young6

HNF4alpha3

Glucokinase1

Chronic2

Metabolic1

Glucose3

Genes6

Acute2

Pathways1

Neurons1

Incidence1

Clinical2

Type17

Vivo2

Receptor2

Microvascular complications1

Complications1

Therapy1

Cysts1

19941

Patients3

Peripheral1

Defect1

Protein7

Previously1

20222

Suppl1

Liver1