AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
MastocytosisMastocytosis, SystemicMast CellsMastocytosis, CutaneousUrticaria PigmentosaTryptasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-kitCell DegranulationLeukemia, Mast-CellChymasesHistamine ReleaseAnaphylaxisReceptors, IgEp-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamineMastocytomaBone MarrowStem Cell FactorImmunoglobulin ETrichinella spiralisTrichinellosisMethylhistaminesCromolyn SodiumHistamineSerine EndopeptidasesBone Marrow ExaminationInterleukin-9Prostaglandins DMast-Cell SarcomaBasophilsIntestinal Diseases, ParasiticHydroxyzineCell CountNippostrongylusHistamine H1 AntagonistsEosinophiliaTrematode InfectionsBone Marrow CellsTrematodaUrticariaSkinBiopsyPeritoneal CavityStrongylida InfectionsPassive Cutaneous AnaphylaxisCells, Culturedbeta-N-AcetylhexosaminidasesInterleukin-5 Receptor alpha SubunitCarboxypeptidases AArthropod VenomsNematode InfectionsBenzamidesKetotifenMutationCytoplasmic GranulesStrongyloidesVulvar Diseases
DisordersUrticariaIndolent systemic mastocytosisAnaphylaxisMediatorsDiagnosisDisorderSyndromeHistamineMCASProliferationClassificationAggressiveSymptomsSerum TryptaseDiseaseMutationD816VSkin lesionsDiseasesAllergyCriteria for diagnosing m2022Dense infiltrates of mast cellsBoneAcuteAllergicTissueHematologicInfiltratesLeukemiaRole of mast cellsChronicPatientsInflammatoryDiffuse cutaneousClinicalAbnormalImmunohistochemicalTryptase levelsDegranulationAccumulationTissuesAdultsBasophilsPathogenesisReceptors
Disorders21
  • Mastocytosis is a group of disorders characterized by proliferation of mast cells and infiltration of the skin, other organs, or both. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mast Cell Diseases describe a group of disorders that are caused by the presence of too many overactive mast cells in the body including Mastocytosis, Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) and Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia (HaT). (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • Mastocytosis is a diverse group of disorders characterised by the expansion and accumulation of mast cells in one or more organ systems. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The MCBS program emphasizes basic research that may be translated into the clinic and from the clinic to the bench, where protocols include studies on the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis, physical urticarias and clonal mast cell disorders. (nih.gov)
  • Provides research assistance on the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases and clonal mast cell disorders. (nih.gov)
  • and promotes and supports research into all mast cell disorders. (easyfundraising.org.uk)
  • It plays just before the item on mast cell disorders and features a woman who says she must be Britain's bendiest woman (she has a professional contortionist act). (meassociation.org.uk)
  • Now my food allergies and my histamine intolerance are also forms of mast disorders. (galenorn.com)
  • Mastocytosis comprises a group of disorders, which are characterized by an accumulation of mast cells in the skin or in other organs. (tum.de)
  • Aggressive systemic mastocytosis, in which there is organ destruction from a mast cell infiltrate, is rare and should promote investigation for mast cell leukemia or other hematologic disorders such as myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative or myelodysplastic disorders, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia. (logicalimages.com)
  • KIT mutation in mast cells and other bone marrow haemotopoietic cell lineages in systemic mast cell disorders: a prospective study of the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis (REMA) in a series of 113 patients. (medigraphic.com)
  • Activation of tissue mast cells (MCs) and their abnormal growth and accumulation in various organs are typically found in primary MC disorders also referred to as mastocytosis. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Diagnosis of primary mast cell disorders necessitates a bone marrow examination. (aaaai.org)
  • A new technique detecting the KIT D816V mutation in the blood of patients has been suggested as a screening tool for primary mast cell disorders. (aaaai.org)
  • It wasn't until 1988 that the first papers of "disorders of mast cell activation" were published, and nearly another 20 years later, in 2007, before the first case reports of mast cell activation syndrome came out. (lymedisease.org)
  • Mast Cell-Mediated and Associated Disorders in Pregnancy: A Risky Game With an Uncertain Outcome? (medscape.com)
  • Mast cell disorders in pregnancy do not garner the same degree of attention but merit a closer look in no small way, because mast cells appear to play a critical role in pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Other than anaphylaxis, however, it is not clear what other manifestations of mast cell disorders post a risk for the fetus. (medscape.com)
  • The primary application of urinary N-methylhistamine (NMH) testing is in the diagnosis and monitoring of mast-cell disorders, including mastocytosis, anaphylaxis, and other severe systemic allergic reactions. (medscape.com)
  • The main application of urinary NMH measurement is in the diagnosis and monitoring of mast-cell disorders, such as mastocytosis (systemic and localized urticaria pigmentosa), anaphylaxis, and other severe systemic allergic reactions. (medscape.com)
  • A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of mast cell disorders in which there is aberrant release of mast cell mediators with little to no accompanying proliferation of MAST CELLS. (bvsalud.org)
Urticaria8
Indolent systemic mastocytosis6
Anaphylaxis9
  • Although best known for their role in allergy and anaphylaxis, mast cells play an important protective role as well, being intimately involved in wound healing, angiogenesis, immune tolerance, defense against pathogens, and vascular permeability in brain tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Foods are known triggers of anaphylaxis in people with mastocytosis. (healthline.com)
  • Lead study coordinator responsible for education, regulatory affairs, and management of protocols for pediatric mastocytosis and for evaluation of the prevalence and significance of clonal mast cell disease in patients with idiopathic or allergen-specific anaphylaxis. (nih.gov)
  • The tryptase blood test is usually ordered by the doctor to confirm a diagnose of anaphylaxis or mastocytosis. (brighthub.com)
  • A ratio of the total tryptase level to the activated forms is usually used to distinguish between anaphylaxis and mastocytosis. (brighthub.com)
  • 2. Schwartz, Lawrence B. "Tryptase Levels as an Indicator of Mast-Cell Activation in Systemic Anaphylaxis and Mastocytosis. (brighthub.com)
  • In a recent study published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice , De Puysseleyr and colleagues investigated the performance of the KIT D816V mutation assay in this specific group of primary mast cell disorder patients with anaphylaxis. (aaaai.org)
  • 30 ng/mL who experience anaphylaxis, determination of KIT D816V mutation in blood is of limited value in making a diagnosis of an underlying primary mast cell disorder. (aaaai.org)
  • Tryptase levels of 11.5 ng/mL or greater are indicative of either mast cell activation (as in anaphylaxis) or increased total mast cell levels (as in mastocytosis). (medscape.com)
Mediators16
  • Pathology results mainly from release of mast cell mediators, including histamine, heparin , leukotrienes, and various inflammatory cytokines. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The Fc region of immunoglobulin E (IgE) becomes bound to mast cells and basophils, and when IgE's paratopes bind to an antigen, it causes the cells to release histamine and other inflammatory mediators. (wikipedia.org)
  • When activated, a mast cell can either selectively release (piecemeal degranulation) or rapidly release (anaphylactic degranulation) "mediators", or compounds that induce inflammation, from storage granules into the local microenvironment. (wikipedia.org)
  • A unique, stimulus-specific set of mast cell mediators is released through degranulation following the activation of cell surface receptors on mast cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Upon activation, mast cells release these mediators , resulting in localised itching, swelling, redness and sometimes blistering of the skin. (dermnetnz.org)
  • Mast cells and their mediators have been implicated in inflammatory diseases, including ME/CFS. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • Such mediators may be released locally in the brain or may cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), which can be disrupted by stress, subsequent to mast cell activation. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • Given the above, we hypothesized that TCAs may be helpful through inhibition of mast cell release of pro-inflammatory mediators. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • These studies provide evidence that mast cells with their plethora of mediators may be involved in intestinal fibrosis, a notion supported by the observation of mast cell hyperplasia and activation in a variety of clinical and experimental situations in which fibrosis is prominent. (bmj.com)
  • Stress can activate your mast cells and cause them to release mediators like histamine. (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Mast cells and eicosanoid mediators: a system of reciprocal paracrine and autocrine regulation. (thieme-connect.com)
  • When mast cells detect stress, injury, toxins or infection, they release specific chemicals (mediators) which trigger an immune response. (lymedisease.org)
  • Mast cell activation syndromes (MCAS) - the inappropriate release of mast cell mediators including: histamine, interleukins, prostaglandins, cytokines, chemokines, and heparin (There are more than 200 chemical mediators associated with mast cells. (lymedisease.org)
  • These cells can participate in inflammatory responses by releasing mediators that attract or activate other cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic and non-allergic diseases. (mdpi.com)
  • The safety of higher-dose antihistamines (beyond the level of US Food and Drug Administration approval) has not been studied in pregnancy, and because mast cells mediators, including histamine, participate in uterine adaptation, there is reason for caution. (medscape.com)
  • Physicians treating mast cell diseases in pregnancy should remember that mast cells and their mediators are clinically relevant not only in disease, but also in the uterus of the healthy patient. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis15
  • Diagnosis is mastocytosis, and morphology is abnormal mast cells. (medscape.com)
  • [ 10 ] Diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis requires the presence of a major criterion plus one minor criterion, or the presence of three minor criteria. (medscape.com)
  • If more than one tissue/organ is affected, the diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis (SM) should be made. (bmj.com)
  • Recently, a revised classification of mastocytosis has been published including clear cut criteria for diagnosis and subclassification. (bmj.com)
  • 2 To make the diagnosis of SM, bone marrow histology must show, by definition, at least one compact or dense mast cell (MC) infiltrate. (bmj.com)
  • Data on those reporting a diagnosis of mastocytosis or hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HAT) were also presented. (tmsforacure.org)
  • In the situation where a patient may have been given more than one mast cell disease diagnosis, as long as one diagnosis was MCAS or hereditary alpha tryptasemia, they were still able to take the survey. (tmsforacure.org)
  • Mast cell activation syndrome - The more recently termed mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) describes patients who have multiple mast cell mediator-induced symptoms that do not meet the WHO criteria (see Best Tests) for diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis when other underlying diseases have been excluded. (logicalimages.com)
  • In the case of chronic multisystem polymorbidity systemic mast cell activation disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis at an early stage. (thieme-connect.com)
  • 1 Afrin L. Presentation, diagnosis, and management of mast cell activation syndrome. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Mastocytosis: current concepts in diagnosis and treatment. (medigraphic.com)
  • In about half (40/74) of the patients a diagnosis of a primary mast cell disorder was established. (aaaai.org)
  • Comparison of KIT mutational assay between blood and bone marrow examination showed that in 24 out of the 40 patients, the diagnosis of a primary mast cell disorder would have been overlooked when decision for bone marrow examination would have relied on the result of the assay in blood. (aaaai.org)
  • The diagnosis is confirmed by means of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with monoclonal antibodies against mast-cell markers (CD117 and tryptase). (medscape.com)
  • Importance of Adequate Diagnostic Workup for Correct Diagnosis of Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis. (cdc.gov)
Disorder6
  • This study is being done to store blood cells, genetic material, blood serum and tissue biopsies so that they can be used in laboratory studies now and in the future to find causes of the rare disorder of mast cells and/or eosinophils and factors that may contribute to disease progression and treatment response. (mayo.edu)
  • A referral can be made for a potential systemic mast cell disorder if the difference in the measurements is greater than (1.2 x "inactive") + 2. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • She has mastocytosis, a rare mast cell disorder. (galenorn.com)
  • Mast cell activation syndrome: A newly recognized disorder with systemic clinical manifestations. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Identification of a point mutation in the catalytic domain of the protooncogene c-kit in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients who have mastocytosis with an associated hematologic disorder. (medigraphic.com)
  • Mastocytosis is a rare disorder characterized by functional secretion or abnormal proliferation of tissue mast cells. (medscape.com)
Syndrome12
  • Mast cell activation syndrome is increased and inappropriate activation of mast cells without clonal proliferation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The concept that disease rooted principally in chronic aberrant constitutive and reactive activation of mast cells (MCs), without the gross MC neoplasia in mastocytosis, first emerged in the 1980s, but only in the last decade has recognition of "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) grown significantly. (degruyter.com)
  • Subsequent literature regarding this newly recognized (but of course not truly new) "mast cell activation syndrome" (MCAS) included case reports as well as formal studies (mostly relatively small scale), reviews, and various proposals for formal diagnostic criteria. (degruyter.com)
  • Living with Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) usually results in widespread mast cell activation syndrome symptoms that are seemingly unrelated. (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Another great resource for dealing with histamine and MCAS using a mast cell activation syndrome diet and exercise is through Yasmina Ykelestam at Healing Histamine . (hoffmancentre.com)
  • Evidence for mast cell activation in patients with therapy-resistant irritable bowel syndrome. (thieme-connect.com)
  • In this episode, you will learn about mold and mycotoxins as a root cause of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome. (betterhealthguy.com)
  • Beth O'Hara, FN is a Functional Naturopath specializing in complex chronic immune conditions related to Mast Cell Activation Syndrome and Histamine Intolerance. (betterhealthguy.com)
  • She designed Mast Cell 360 to be the kind of practice she wished had existed when she was severely ill with Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, Histamine Intolerance, Neural Inflammation, Lyme, Mold Toxicity, Fibromyalgia, and Chronic Fatigue. (betterhealthguy.com)
  • Her mission today is to be a guiding light for others with Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, Histamine Intolerance and these related conditions in their healing journeys. (betterhealthguy.com)
  • Today's guest is Beth O'Hara, and the topic of the show is Mold as a Root Cause of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome. (betterhealthguy.com)
  • This can be a sign of mast cell activation syndrome, a newly recognized condition that is one of several mast cell activation diseases often abbreviated "MCAD. (lymedisease.org)
Histamine11
MCAS4
  • Our MCAS Survey team was excited to have a new poster on the survey data accepted for presentation during the American Initiative in Mast Cell Diseases (AIM) Inaugural Investigator Meeting in May 2019 at Stanford University. (tmsforacure.org)
  • The Mastocytosis Society MCAS Survey team presented a poster on the survey data during the 2019 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) Annual Meeting in San Francisco, CA (February 22-25). (tmsforacure.org)
  • The results of this 2018 MCAS survey, including the data shown on this poster, may be of interest to anyone interested in any form of mast cell disease. (tmsforacure.org)
  • The wonderful response to the survey allowed The Mastocytosis Society, Inc. (TMS) to present a very powerful, collective MCAS patient voice! (tmsforacure.org)
Proliferation4
  • Mastocytosis is mast cell proliferation with infiltration of skin or other tissues and organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The result is autophosphorylation of the receptor, which causes uncontrolled mast cell proliferation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Deposition of collagen and proliferation of smooth muscle cells are the response to chronic inflammation and injury of the submucosa leading to fibrosis and thickening of the submucosa and the smooth muscle layers of the bowel wall. (bmj.com)
  • Mastocytosis, or mast cell proliferation, is very rare. (bvsalud.org)
Classification1
  • Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis: a consensus proposal. (medigraphic.com)
Aggressive3
Symptoms6
  • However, in the case of mast cell disease, their increased population and degranulation (as explained above) results in tremendous suffering and disability due to symptoms from daily mast cell release and/or symptoms arising from infiltration and accumulation of mast cells in our major organ systems. (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • Thirty-three (70%) of 47 patients with chronic intractable diarrhea had increased mast cells, and symptoms were controlled by drug therapy in 22 (67%) of the 33 patients. (nih.gov)
  • If the tryptase level is elevated for a long period of time and doesn't return to a normal baseline, then the symptoms are most likely due to mastocytosis. (brighthub.com)
  • If the ratio is greater than 20, then the symptoms are most likely a result of systemic mastocytosis. (brighthub.com)
  • The article references a review by the Spanish Network on Mastocytosis [ 6 ] that followed 45 pregnant patients with the disease and found that "in most cases mastocytosis -related symptoms remained unchanged throughout pregnancy and after delivery compared to the pregestational clinical profile. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with cutaneous mastocytosis experienced more mast cell-mediated symptoms than did those with indolent mastocytosis. (medscape.com)
Serum Tryptase2
  • The median best percentage changes in bone marrow mast-cell burden and serum tryptase level were -59% and -58%, respectively. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Serum tryptase is a highly specific marker for mastocytosis, being increased in more than 83% of cases. (medscape.com)
Disease24
  • As per everything with a mast cell disease, please personally consider each tip, trick and solution. (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • The Spanish association of mastocytosis and mast cell disease celebrates the first international awareness day together with Souldrivers , a soul, gospel, folk… choir in a wonderful beneficial concert. (mastocytosis-mcas.org)
  • Systemic mastocytosis, often termed systemic mast cell disease (SMCD), is characterized by infiltration of clonally derived mast cells in different tissues, including bone marrow (see the image below), skin, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the liver, and the spleen. (medscape.com)
  • The Australasian Mastocytosis Society's (TAMS) #SpotOurSpots campaign aims to increase awareness of mast cell disease and build hope for mast cell disease sufferers all over Australia and New Zealand. (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • Mast cells per high-power field were assessed in biopsy specimens from 47 patients with chronic intractable diarrhea, from 50 control subjects, and from 63 patients with other specific diseases that cause chronic diarrhea (inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, collagenous colitis, and lymphocytic colitis). (nih.gov)
  • Mastocytosis (mast cell disease) is a relatively uncommon haematological tumour of bone marrow origin. (bmj.com)
  • An integrated program investigating mast cell biology includes studies into the growth and differentiation of mast cells, mast-cell signal transduction, and the products generated by mast cells that lead to disease. (nih.gov)
  • Research efforts have contributed to the identification of mutations in mast cell disease, understanding signaling through KIT and the high affinity IgE receptor, and how alterations in the control of mast cell mediator production affect human disease. (nih.gov)
  • 1 In Crohn's disease, smooth muscle cells are considered to be the predominant cells involved in the process of stricture formation. (bmj.com)
  • 7 , 8 In systemic mast cell disease, association of fibrosis and mast cell infiltrates has been documented in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. (bmj.com)
  • However, liver cirrhosis and intestinal stricture formation are not common in mast cell disease, indicating that besides mast cells additional factors or specific stimulation of mast cells may be necessary to induce severe fibrosis. (bmj.com)
  • Systemic mastocytosis is a less common myeloproliferative variant composed of a heterogeneous disease compilation. (logicalimages.com)
  • Systemic mastocytosis with a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia (SM-AHNMD) has a course and prognosis determined by efficacy of management of the underlying disease. (logicalimages.com)
  • Note: Mastocytosis is a rare disease in which a large number of mast cells accumulate in the skin. (ecarf.org)
  • In the present paper clinical phenotypes, pathogenetic relationships, and diagnostic algorithms as well as therapeutic concepts of/for systemic mast cell activation disease are reviewed. (thieme-connect.com)
  • The reader should be able to recognize and diagnose a systemic mast cell activation disease, as well as to counsel a personalized drug therapy. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Systemic mast cell activation disease: the role of molecular genetic alterations in pathogenesis, heritability and diagnostics. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Key role of mast cells and their major secretory products in inflammatory bowel disease. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Systemic mastocytosis - definition of an internal disease. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Hematologic manifestations of mast cell disease: a prospective study of laboratory and morphologic features and their relation to prognosis. (medigraphic.com)
  • Systemic mast cell disease: analysis of 58 cases and literature review. (medigraphic.com)
  • Imatinib for systemic mast-cell disease. (medigraphic.com)
  • Up until recently, mast cell disease was thought to only include mastocytosis, a rare condition recognized in the medical literature since 1869. (lymedisease.org)
  • The authors discuss the role of mast cells in pregnancy in both healthy and disease states in a review article published in May. (medscape.com)
Mutation4
D816V1
  • Chemotherapy and dasatinib induce long-term hematologic and molecular remission in systemic mastocytosis with acute myeloid leukemia with KIT D816V. (medigraphic.com)
Skin lesions1
  • Mastocytosis is a condition characterized by an overproduction of mast cells, which causes fatigue, skin lesions, and abdominal discomfort. (brighthub.com)
Diseases14
  • Many of us find heat and humidity to be a big trigger for our mast cell diseases. (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • Some lovely photos from around Australia on International Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Diseases Awareness Day. (mastocytosis-mcas.org)
  • Get updates from the International Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Diseases Awareness Day committee. (mastocytosis-mcas.org)
  • 20 October 2022 marks the 5th International Mastocytosis & Mast Cell Diseases Awareness Day. (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • On 20 October over 150 landmarks and venues across Australia and New Zealand will light up purple to raise awareness of Mastocytosis and Mast Cell Diseases - a broad family of rare diseases that can be life-threatening and are very often severely debilitating. (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • Increasing awareness and understanding of, and support for our mast cell diseases community is essential. (mastocytosis.org.au)
  • Similar increases in mast cells are not apparent in control populations or in patients with other specific diseases that cause chronic diarrhea. (nih.gov)
  • Focus is on the studies of the genetic analysis and specific gene expression related with human mast cell diseases. (nih.gov)
  • Her research interests are the identification and characterization of mast cell receptors and their contribution to pathogenesis of mast cell associated diseases. (nih.gov)
  • ASXL1 but Not TET2 mutations adversely impact overall survival of patients suffering systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal hematologic non-mast-cell diseases. (thieme-connect.com)
  • there is also evidence for its use in other skin diseases, including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and mastocytosis. (skintherapyletter.com)
  • These are a group of blood diseases in which some blood cells start growing out of control. (mydr.com.au)
  • As more information is learned about MCADs, researchers are finding that mastocytosis is really just the tip of the iceberg for mast cell diseases. (lymedisease.org)
  • Given the importance of mast cells in normal pregnancy, the question arises of the degree to which diseases that trigger mast cell degranulation, and diseases of mast cells themselves, influence pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Allergy1
  • We have one patient who went into anaphylactic shock twice from mastocytosis and a mosquito bite allergy. (ecarf.org)
Criteria for diagnosing m1
20221
Dense infiltrates of mast cells1
Bone7
  • Basophils leave the bone marrow already mature, whereas the mast cell circulates in an immature form, only maturing once in a tissue site. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is a bone marrow smear from a patient with systemic mastocytosis. (medscape.com)
  • Increase of bone marrow lymphocytes in systemic mastocytosis: reactive lymphocytosis or malignant lymphoma? (bmj.com)
  • To clarify the nature (reactive or neoplastic) of lesional, perifocally aggregated lymphocytes in bone marrow infiltrates of systemic mastocytosis (SM), the histopathology of which can resemble malignant lymphoma with focal bone marrow involvement, particularly low grade malignant B cell lymphoma of lymphoplasmacytic immunocytoma subtype, which frequently exhibits increased mast cell (MC) numbers. (bmj.com)
  • It is defined as greater than or equal to 20% mast cells in bone marrow smears and by circulating mast cells, often greater than or equal to 10% in peripheral smears. (logicalimages.com)
  • Mastocytosis - the abnormal accumulation of mast cells in one or more organ systems (cardiovascular, central nervous, digestive, endocrine, genitourinary, lymphatic, muscular, peripheral nervous, respiratory, dermatologic) which is diagnosed by a bone marrow biopsy or a genetic test. (lymedisease.org)
  • Systemic mastocytosis requires the presence of at least one major and one minor criterion or three minor criteria in the bone marrow or other extracutaneous organ. (clinicaladvisor.com)
Acute3
  • Midostaurin: A Multiple Tyrosine Kinases Inhibitor in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Systemic Mastocytosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Midostaurin: its odyssey from discovery to approval for treating acute myeloid leukemia and advanced systemic mastocytosis. (cdc.gov)
  • KIT D816 mutated/CBF-negative acute myeloid leukemia: a poor-risk subtype associated with systemic mastocytosis. (cdc.gov)
Allergic5
  • In allergic reactions, mast cells remain inactive until an allergen binds to IgE already coated upon the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • This multifunctional inflammatory cell is involved in both innate and acquired immunity and plays a central role in the induction of allergic inflammation. (nih.gov)
  • Tryptase is an enzyme that is released from mast cells during an allergic immune response. (brighthub.com)
  • Mast-cell-leukocyte cytokine cascades in allergic inflammation. (thieme-connect.com)
  • However, increasing numbers of patients are now being informed that their clinical findings are due to MC activation (MCA) that is neither associated with mastocytosis nor with a defined allergic or inflammatory reaction. (uni-muenchen.de)
Tissue9
  • Although mast cells were once thought to be tissue-resident basophils, it has been shown that the two cells develop from different hematopoietic lineages and thus cannot be the same cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mast cells in rodents are classically divided into two subtypes: connective tissue-type mast cells and mucosal mast cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fibrosis is characterised by an excessive production of extracellular matrix components, and cells in the tissue are constantly interacting with these extracellular matrix proteins. (bmj.com)
  • Mastocytosis is a term broadly referring to tissue mast cell hyperplasia. (logicalimages.com)
  • DFSP is a cancer of the tissue beneath the skin in which some cells start growing out of control. (mydr.com.au)
  • It is described as a housekeeping enzyme, being responsible for cell-to-cell signaling, tissue homeostasis, and cytoprotection. (medscape.com)
  • In early pregnancy, mast cells modulate "tissue remodeling, angiogenesis and spiral artery modifications. (medscape.com)
  • In the periapical granuloma cases, mast cells were found in eight cases (50%), located in the granulation tissue. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mast cells were detected in both cysts and periapical granuloma, located in the capsule and granulation tissue, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Hematologic1
  • BACKGROUND Advanced systemic mastocytosis comprises rare hematologic neoplasms that are associated with a poor prognosis and lack effective treatment options. (uni-koeln.de)
Infiltrates1
  • 50%), compact MC infiltrates are accompanied by perifocal clusters of lymphocytes containing a mixture of B and T cells. (bmj.com)
Leukemia2
  • Among the 16 patients with mast-cell leukemia, the median overall survival was 9.4 months (95% CI, 7.5 to not estimated). (uni-koeln.de)
  • CONCLUSIONS In this open-label study, midostaurin showed efficacy in patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis, including the highly fatal variant mast-cell leukemia. (uni-koeln.de)
Role of mast cells1
  • The colocalisation with laminin indicates a mechanism of interaction between smooth muscle cells and mast cells that may be important in the role of mast cells in the process of fibrosis. (bmj.com)
Chronic6
  • To assess the concentration of mast cells in colonic or duodenal biopsy specimens by immunohistochemical analysis for mast cell tryptase from patients with chronic intractable diarrhea and to evaluate their response to drugs affecting mast cell function. (nih.gov)
  • Patients with chronic intractable diarrhea who had more than 20 mast cells per high-power field were administered drugs affecting mast cell mediator function and release. (nih.gov)
  • No increase in mast cells was seen in patients with other common causes of chronic diarrhea. (nih.gov)
  • In chronic intractable diarrhea, colonic or duodenal biopsy specimens may appear unremarkable on routine hematoxylin-eosin staining, but increased mast cells may be demonstrated by immunohistochemistry for mast cell tryptase, with the novel term mastocytic enterocolitis describing this condition. (nih.gov)
  • 5 Richter et al 6 reported elevated mast cell numbers in association with increased transforming growth factor-β immunoreactivity in radiation induced enteropathy in rats, which is characterised by intestinal wall fibrosis, serosal thickening, and chronic ulceration. (bmj.com)
  • The aim of the present study was to locate mast cells in chronic periapical lesions (granulomas and cysts) by using histochemical techniques and toluidine blue staining. (bvsalud.org)
Patients8
  • hence, patients with more than 20 mast cells per high-power field were considered to have increased mast cells. (nih.gov)
  • Recruits and enrolls patients and healthy volunteer subjects for stimulation and apheresis collection of CD34+ cells in. (nih.gov)
  • 45% of the patients had a major response, which was defined as complete resolution of at least one type of mastocytosis-related organ damage. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Colonic mast cells in controls and slow transit constipation patients. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Case-control cohort study of patients' perceptions of disability in mastocytosis. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Valent P, Sperr WA, Akin C. How I treat patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis. (medigraphic.com)
  • Overall, 60% of patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) have gastrointestinal involvement, with the colon being the most prevalent affected site. (bvsalud.org)
  • Incidence and prognostic impact of cytogenetic aberrations in patients with systemic mastocytosis. (cdc.gov)
Inflammatory5
  • Mast cells play a key role in the inflammatory process. (wikipedia.org)
  • According to Dr. T.C. Theoharides, an expert in the field, "Mast cells are 'universal alarm cells' that start the inflammatory cascade. (lymedisease.org)
  • Once that happens, mast cells set into motion a series of inflammatory reactions, including the activation of immune cells and the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), a pro inflammatory protein or cytokine. (lymedisease.org)
  • When mast cells are agitated or over-reactive, the immune system goes haywire and starts to attack the body, triggering auto-inflammatory processes. (lymedisease.org)
  • Anti-Siglec-8 antibody administration in vivo to humanized and transgenic mice selectively expressing Siglec-8 on mouse eosinophils and mast cells confirmed the in vitro findings, and identified additional anti-inflammatory effects. (mdpi.com)
Diffuse cutaneous1
Clinical5
  • The WHO classifies systemic mastocytosis into subtypes, depending on the presence of typical clinical findings (B and C findings). (medscape.com)
  • What are the clinical features of mastocytosis? (dermnetnz.org)
  • The study reflects the heterogenous clinical picture in adults as well as associated diagnostic difficulties, which was particularly evident in contrast to mastocytosis in childhood. (tum.de)
  • Systemic mastocytosis: a concise clinical and laboratory review. (medigraphic.com)
  • [ 8 ] As such, tryptase is specific to mast cell granules and can provide information about mast cell number, distribution, and activation depending on the clinical context. (medscape.com)
Abnormal3
  • CML and ALL are types of leukaemia in which an abnormal chromosome produces an enzyme that leads to uncontrolled growth of white blood cells. (mydr.com.au)
  • GLIVANIB kills the abnormal cells while leaving normal cells alone. (mydr.com.au)
  • GLIVANIB works by slowing the growth of abnormal cells. (mydr.com.au)
Immunohistochemical1
  • METHODS Mast cells were visualised by immunohistochemical staining of the mast cell specific proteases chymase and tryptase. (bmj.com)
Tryptase levels1
  • As such, determinations of tryptase levels are contingent on both the size and activation status of an individual's mast cell population but is not informative of the specific contribution of either of these factors. (medscape.com)
Degranulation3
  • Other membrane activation events can either prime mast cells for subsequent degranulation or act in synergy with FcεRI signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Estradiol and progesterone regulate the migration of mast cells from the periphery to the uterus and induce their maturation and degranulation. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Since its discovery in 2000, initial in vitro studies have found that the engagement of Siglec-8 with a monoclonal antibody or with selective polyvalent sialoglycan ligands induced the cell death of eosinophils and inhibited mast cell degranulation. (mdpi.com)
Accumulation2
  • CONCLUSIONS The large accumulation of mast cells in the muscle layer of strictured bowel suggests a functional role for these cells in the hypertrophic and fibrotic response of the smooth muscle cells. (bmj.com)
  • In fibrosing colonopathy, a complication observed in children with cystic fibrosis treated with high strength pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, an accumulation of mast cells was observed in the intestinal strictures. (bmj.com)
Tissues4
  • These similarities have led many to speculate that mast cells are basophils that have "homed in" on tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mast cells are present in most tissues characteristically surrounding blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic vessels, and are especially prominent near the boundaries between the outside world and the internal milieu, such as the skin, mucosa of the lungs, and digestive tract, as well as the mouth, conjunctiva, and nose. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate whether mast cells accumulate in these tissues and whether their localisation is associated with extracellular matrix components. (bmj.com)
  • COX-1 is expressed constitutively and is isolated throughout most cell lines in almost all mammalian tissues. (medscape.com)
Adults1
Basophils2
  • Among these, Siglec-8 is a CD33-related family member selectively expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils, and at low levels on basophils. (mdpi.com)
  • Tryptase is a trypsin-like proteinase that is found most abundantly in mast cells and basophils, with the former containing almost 300 times more tryptase. (medscape.com)
Pathogenesis3
  • There is, however, some interesting research evidence to indicate that mast cells could be implicated in the pathogenesis of ME/CFS and that this connection could therefore help to explain why tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline can sometimes be of benefit in ME/CFS. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • CRH activates mast cells to release vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which could participate in neurogenic inflammation and contribute to the pathogenesis of ME/CFS. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • 2-4 The pathogenesis, factors, and cell types involved in this process are largely unknown. (bmj.com)
Receptors5
  • Mast cells can be stimulated to degranulate by allergens through cross-linking with immunoglobulin E receptors (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • Complement proteins can activate membrane receptors on mast cells to exert various functions as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • The clustering of the intracellular domains of the cell-bound Fc receptors, which are associated with the cross-linked IgE molecules, causes a complex sequence of reactions inside the mast cell that lead to its activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, mast cells and H1 receptors have not been the primary sites of antipruritic action of this extract. (researchgate.net)
  • Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)