• Using subcellular channelrhodopsin-2-assisted circuit mapping in mouse visual cortex, we compared feedforward (FF) or feedback (FB) cortico-cortical (CC) synaptic input to cells projecting back to the input source (looped neurons) with cells projecting to a different cortical or subcortical area. (elifesciences.org)
  • To determine OD in the mouse visual cortex, I used optical imaging of intrinsic signals which measures the activity of neuronal populations elicited from either eye stimulation. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • 2006). In 2012, I found that neurons derived from the same neural stem cells tend to acquire similar orientation selectivity in the adult mouse visual cortex (Ohtsuki et al. (ircn.jp)
  • Beforehand I investigated OD plasticity in adult mice (C57Bl6) which is still questioned to be present after MD. I conrmed earlier ndings which have shown robust MD induced changes of either eye in the visual cortex of adult mice. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Sensory cortices are inherently dynamic and exhibit plasticity in response to a variety of stimuli. (intechopen.com)
  • Furthermore, it was explored in mice, how the application of drugs (serotonin and ketamine) modulates potential plasticity within the visual system. (intechopen.com)
  • Moreover, comparative studies revealed differences in occurrence/rate of different forms of neurogenic plasticity across mammals, the "immature" neurons prevailing in gyrencephalic species. (bvsalud.org)
  • To extend experimentation from laboratory mice to large-brained mammals, including humans, it is important to detect cell markers of neurogenic plasticity in brain tissues obtained from different procedures (e.g., post-mortem/intraoperative specimens vs. intracardiac perfusion). (bvsalud.org)
  • Homeostatic regulation of eye-specific responses in visual cortex during ocular dominance plasticity. (ircn.jp)
  • After his postdoctoral work in the USA, he returned to the Netherlands to the lab of Molecular Visual Plasticity headed by Christiaan Levelt , where he worked on plasticity in the visual cortex. (herseninstituut.nl)
  • Other notable discoveries are the identification of the channel for the sign-inverting synapse in the rod bipolar cell in the retina, and that the elimination of inhibitory synapses is a major component in neural experience-dependent plasticity in the adult mammal. (herseninstituut.nl)
  • Food restriction enhances visual cortex plasticity in adulthood , Spolidoro, M. et all (2011) Nat. (headington-institute.org)
  • Projection of Orthogonal Tiling from the Retina to the Visual Cortex, Cell Reports (2021). (medicalxpress.com)
  • In monkeys, as in humans, it is often just the eyes that move to realign the fovea-the high-acuity portion of the retina-on the visual object of interest Our visual sense can be decomposed into many domains and subsystems. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Interestingly, the S-cone system remains segregated from the L- and M-cone systems from the retina to visual cortex. (alliedacademies.org)
  • A number of mechanisms contribute to this effect, and there is even an anatomical basis for visual attention in the fovea centralis , a pit region in the center of the retina with an increased density of photosensitive cone cells responsible for facilitating detailed visual tasks. (kdnuggets.com)
  • Small (often minimal) receptive fields of convolutional winner-take-all neurons yield large network depth, resulting in roughly as many sparsely connected neural layers as found in mammals between retina and visual cortex. (paperswithcode.com)
  • In biological terms this arrangement of the retina is said to be inverted because the visual cells are oriented so that their sensory ends are directed away from incident light (Figure 1). (answersingenesis.org)
  • Basically, instead of trying to restore retina or other functions in the eyes, such an approach could restore vision by delivering visual information from a digital camera. (zmescience.com)
  • All participants had previously undergone surgery that implanted electrodes in the visual cortex, which is responsible for processing information pertaining to light that hits the retina. (zmescience.com)
  • In the case of a fear-in-the-neck-conflict , which has its HH in the brain's visual cortex, we have specific definition difficulties when we speak of cancer equivalent because the neurologists explain to us that the rods and cones of the retina basically still belong to the brain. (ghk-academy.info)
  • Therefore I showed stimuli in the central and peripheral visual field of adult non-deprived and deprived PirB KO mice. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • This accepted view, that SC lacks S-cone input, led to the clever idea of using S-cone-specific stimuli to activate the cerebral cortical visual system independently of the subcortical visual system. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Sumner and his colleagues used these calibrated S-cone stimuli in human behavioural experiments with the expectation that S-cones would not activate subcortical visual structures, but only activate cerebral cortical structures. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The ability to isolate specific neuronal pathways using targeted physical stimuli is important because it would allow non-invasive interrogation of the functioning of sites of damage in patients with visual deficits. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Neighboring neurons respond to visual images in a correlated fashion and show similar preferences for stimuli presented in specific orientations. (mpfi.org)
  • In mammals, this figure-ground perception to identify stimuli from the environment is crucial for survival, such as detecting predators. (berkeley.edu)
  • we invariably use strong visual stimuli as navigation markers. (phenosys.com)
  • That might sound like a made-up superpower, but even in humans, there are elusive pathways that allow us to 'see' and respond to visual stimuli when the visual cortex, which processes that visual information, is damaged. (unfoldingmatrix.com)
  • The premotor cortex is an area of the motor cortex that lies within the frontal lobe just anterior to the primary motor cortex. (wewantscience.com)
  • The premotor cortex sends axons to the primary motor cortex as well as directly to the spinal cord, so it is likely that this area plays an important role in the control of motor behavior. (wewantscience.com)
  • In some studies, it is known that axons from the premotor cortex are sent to areas of the supplementary motor area (SMA), which are responsible for selecting and programming sequences of movements. (wewantscience.com)
  • Neurons in the premotor cortex are also selectively activated before a movement starts. (wewantscience.com)
  • These results suggest that the premotor cortex is sensitive to the behavioral context of a movement and activates more strongly when this context is present. (wewantscience.com)
  • Another interesting finding is that the premotor cortex is more active when the subject is performing a task that requires a lot of planning. (wewantscience.com)
  • Ohbayashi M, Ohki K, Miyashita Y. Conversion of working memory to motor sequence in the monkey premotor cortex. (ircn.jp)
  • The theoretical results fit and clarify a wide array of earlier empirical observations in both the cortex and thalamus regarding the dependence of ultrasonic neuromodulation outcomes (excitation-suppression) on stimulation and network parameters. (eneuro.org)
  • Brain areas that are actively being explored by Heimel and his team are the visual cortex and thalamus, the superior colliculus, the zona incerta and the periaqueductal gray. (herseninstituut.nl)
  • The limbic system allows for complex interactions between the cortex, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, and the brainstem. (medscape.com)
  • In higher mammals, the primary visual cortex is organized into various functional maps for neural tuning such as ocular dominance, orientation selectivity, and spatial frequency selectivity. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Furthermore, the team's analysis of previously published data collected on cats also showed that the ocular dominance, orientation selectivity, and spatial frequency selectivity in the primary visual cortex are correlated with the spatial profiles of the retinal inputs, implying that efficient tiling of cortical domains can originate from the regularly structured retinal patterns. (medicalxpress.com)
  • My colleagues and I have recently identified a useful model system for exploring the impact of experience on the development of neural circuits using ferret visual cortex, where motion selectivity develops in an experience-dependent manner. (vhlab.org)
  • In current experiments, members of the Van Hooser lab are focusing on identifying the changes in visual cortical circuitry that underlie the emergence and maturation of motion selectivity. (vhlab.org)
  • This result suggests that visual experience is sufficient for the emergence of motion selectivity. (vhlab.org)
  • In 2005, I developed a method of single-cell resolution functional mapping with two-photon calcium imaging, and was able to measure the orientation selectivity of hundreds of neurons in visual cortex revealing the functional architecture of visual cortex between rodents and higher mammals (Ohki et al. (ircn.jp)
  • Kondo S, Ohki K. Laminar differences in the orientation selectivity of geniculate afferents in mouse primary visual cortex. (ircn.jp)
  • Hagihara KM, Murakami T, Yoshida T, Tagawa Y, Ohki K. Neuronal activity is not required for the initial formation and maturation of visual selectivity. (ircn.jp)
  • Development of visual response selectivity in cortical GABAergic interneurons. (mpfi.org)
  • BCM theory ( B ienenstock, C ooper, and M unro 1982) refers to the theory of synaptic modification first proposed by Elie Bienenstock, Leon Cooper, and Paul Munro in 1982 to account for experiments measuring the selectivity of neurons in primary sensory cortex and its dependency on neuronal input. (scholarpedia.org)
  • The sensory input studied is often visual, because humans rely heavily on this sense. (alliedacademies.org)
  • All designations of these biological conflicts are so selected that they can have validity at the same time for the mammal (real) and humans in the possibly transferred sense. (ghk-academy.info)
  • The telencephalon of the cerebrum is disproportionately well-developed in humans as compared with other mammals. (medscape.com)
  • Whether this orientation map has a function is debated, because many mammals, such as rodents, do not have such maps. (purdue.edu)
  • Notably, their hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than most other mammals [21], and their weight-specific metabolic rate is about one-third less than that of other rodents [9]. (orevyoga.com)
  • The optomotor response measurement (OMR) is a proven method to assess visual function in rodents. (phenosys.com)
  • Here we model our physiological results that two fundamental properties of visual cortical responses, contrast saturation and cross-orientation suppression, are stronger within iso-orientation domains than at pinwheel centers. (purdue.edu)
  • To this aim, through electrophysiology in cats, we explored that visual neurons, throughout the cortical column, have a tendency to alter their inherent properties even when presented a non-visual stimulus. (intechopen.com)
  • While there has been significant research addressing how visual cortical inputs can be rewired during a "critical" period after receptive field properties have been initially established, we are interested in understanding how experience influences the initial assembly of neuronal circuits and the initial emergence of receptive field properties. (vhlab.org)
  • Using this system, my colleagues and I discovered that a motion training protocol consisting of visual stimulation with gratings that moved back and forth in opposite directions led to the rapid (3-6 hours) emergence of direction selective responses in cortical layer 2/3 of anesthetized, visually naïve ferrets that had just opened their eyes (bottom right figure). (vhlab.org)
  • In normal animals, visual cortical neurons are selective and binocular. (scholarpedia.org)
  • I found enhanced response strength in the open eye after peripheral visual eld stimulation in deprived PirB KO mice in contrast to WT mice. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • This figure illustrates how dynamic stimulation to the visual cortex enables participants to 'see' shapes. (zmescience.com)
  • This video shows a blind participant drawing letters based on dynamic stimulation to the visual cortex. (zmescience.com)
  • Together with new hardware, improved stimulation algorithms will help realize the dream of delivering useful visual information to blind people. (zmescience.com)
  • Development of primary visual projections occurs entirely postnatally in the fat-tailed dunnart, a marsupial mouse, Sminthopsis crassicaudata. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stimulus orientation in the primary visual cortex of primates and carnivores is mapped as iso-orientation domains radiating from pinwheel centers, where orientation preferences of neighboring cells change circularly. (purdue.edu)
  • We filled intracellularly 50 superficial layer pyramidal neurons in the cat primary visual cortex and reconstructed the axonal tree and their synaptic boutons in 3D. (uzh.ch)
  • A KAIST research team led by Professor Se-Bum Paik from the Department of Bio and Brain Engineering has demonstrated that the orthogonal organization of retinal mosaics in the periphery is mirrored onto the primary visual cortex and initiates the clustered topography of higher visual areas in the brain. (medicalxpress.com)
  • However, it has remained unclear how such topographical organizations could arise spontaneously in the primary visual cortex of various species. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The research team found that the orthogonal organization in the primary visual cortex of the brain originates from the spatial organization in bottom-up feedforward projections. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The team showed that an orthogonal relationship among sensory modules already exists in the retinal mosaics, and that this is mirrored onto the primary visual cortex to initiate the clustered topography. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The regularly structured retinal circuits provide a blueprint of the clustered topography of multiple tuning maps in the primary visual cortex. (medicalxpress.com)
  • This paper presents a model of the mammalian primary visual cortex. (paulbourke.net)
  • The core proposition is the existence of two, topographically identical mappings of the visual field to the primary visual cortex, which define the geometrical organisation of orientation preference and drive the formation of patchy connectivity in the supragranular layers. (paulbourke.net)
  • The LGS model of the primary visual cortex suggests there is a direct relationship between globally represented objects (e.g. an oriented line) and various other response properties (e.g. orientation preference) which have a local geometry. (paulbourke.net)
  • Swindale (1996) has described a set of canonical properties which a model of the geometry of the primary visual cortex should take into account. (paulbourke.net)
  • Layer 4C of the macaque primary visual cortex has a strict retinotopic organisation (Blasdel and Fitzpatrick, 1984) . (paulbourke.net)
  • Normalization was developed to explain responses in the primary visual cortex and is now thought to operate throughout the visual system, and in many other sensory modalities and brain regions. (nih.gov)
  • This is because it is a more complex and specialized area than the primary motor cortex, which is more involved in simple movements that require little planning, such as palpating an object with the hand. (wewantscience.com)
  • In the primary visual cortex of higher mammals, orientation preferences are represented continuously except for singular points, so-called pinwheel centers. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This robust weight competition gives rise to neuronal specialization, which can be linked to self-organization [ 4 ] that takes place in the primary visual cortex during the first weeks of new-born mammals [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An area of the brain that processes visual information, the primary visual cortex, is highly organized, forming patches of neighboring neurons that tend to be active together and respond to similar visual features. (mpfi.org)
  • Scientists Jeremy Chang and David Fitzpatrick have now characterized the development of these functional maps for inhibitory neurons in primary visual cortex. (mpfi.org)
  • My project aims to explore the neural mechanisms behind figure-ground perception, especially focusing on the role of vasointestinal peptide positive (VIP) and somatostatin (SOM) interneurons in the primary visual cortex (V1). (berkeley.edu)
  • The primary visual cortex, where the electrodes were implanted, contains half a billion neurons. (zmescience.com)
  • The physiological process of being inspired to scratch after 'seeing' the action being performed by another doesn't involve the brain's visual processing hardware. (unfoldingmatrix.com)
  • A recent genetic screen in the lab of Carla Shatz has identied that the family of MHCI receptors are expressed in the developing visual cortex and regulated upon neuronal activity. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The phenomenon is known as 'blindsight', or unconscious vision, and recent research suggests it's based on a subcortical pathway that carries information from the eyes to the other parts of the brain while bypassing the visual cortex completely. (unfoldingmatrix.com)
  • The telencephalon consists of the cortex, the subcortical fibers, and the basal nuclei. (medscape.com)
  • He continued, "This is the first report that spatially organized retinal inputs from the periphery provide a common blueprint for multi-modal sensory modules in the visual cortex during the early developmental stages. (medicalxpress.com)
  • we know that the SC plays a crucial role in converting sensory signals, particularly visual signals, into commands to orient toward those sensory signals. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Are Sensory Neurons in the Cortex Committed to Original Trigger Features? (intechopen.com)
  • These results together suggest that sensory cortices are capable of adapting to intense experiences by going through a recalibration of corresponding or neighboring sensory area(s) to redirect the sensory function and exhibit remarkable extent of neuroplasticity within the brain. (intechopen.com)
  • Early visual input induces changes in functional connectivity which can either lead to the stabilisation of appropriate synaptic connections or the elimination of inappropriate ones in the visual system. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Brain slices from naked mole-rats show extreme tolerance to hypoxia compared to slices from other mammals, as indicated by maintenance of synaptic transmission under more hypoxic conditions and three fold longer latency to anoxic depolarization. (orevyoga.com)
  • The density of synaptic connections in visual cortex doubles in the first year of human life. (vhlab.org)
  • The circadian system in mammals is centered in the suprachiasmatic nucleus with both neural and hormonal projections throughout the brain and body, impacting many of the systems involved in mediating allostasis. (headington-institute.org)
  • In the last chapter I addressed the question whether the representation of both eyes in the binocular visual cortex is dierent in PirB KO mice in comparison to WT mice. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Hubel DH, Wiesel TN: Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in cat's visual cortex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In 2006, using this method, I solved a long-standing problem in visual neuroscience - the micro-architecture of pinwheel centers at the single-cell level (Ohki et al. (ircn.jp)
  • A central structure in the brain involved in visual processing and eye movement control is the superior colliculus (SC). (alliedacademies.org)
  • Among Heimel and coworkers' discoveries are the surprising absence of organization of feature-preference in the visual cortex of very vision-oriented mammal, and the even more surprising presence of organization of feature-preference in the rodent superior colliculus. (herseninstituut.nl)
  • The function of the LGS mapping is to provide each point in the retinotopic image with a representation of the entire visual hemi-field. (paulbourke.net)
  • Each retinotopic point is able to learn a `snapshot' of points in the visual image whose activity tends to coincide with that retinotopic point. (paulbourke.net)
  • The claustrum is reciprocally connected to the visual cortex and these projections, at least in carnivores, display a clear retinotopic distribution. (unicatt.it)
  • The results are discussed in terms of a general hypothesis that a very prolonged or arrested developmental process may allow adult naked mole-rat brain to retain the hypoxia tolerance normally only seen in neonatal mammals. (orevyoga.com)
  • The neurons of the cortex have been generated and have migrated to their mature positions, and molecular cues have guided afferent axons from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN, the thalamic relay of retinal signals) to their approximate final locations within the map of visual space. (vhlab.org)
  • Below the cortex are axons, which are long fibers that emanate from and connect neurons. (medscape.com)
  • The visual pathways of eutherian mammals and marsupials develop according to a common timetable. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) is a heterogenous disorder of brain-based visual impairment resulting from brain injury or disruption of development of retrochiasmatic visual pathways and vision processing regions of brain, commonly occurring during gestation at or around birth. (frontiersin.org)
  • Its presence in such a diversity of neural systems in multiple species, from invertebrates to mammals, suggests that it serves as a canonical neural computation. (nih.gov)
  • This latter finding agrees with studies that report that PV-ir elements are rare in the visual cortex of the same species. (unicatt.it)
  • At the onset of visual experience, which corresponds to eye opening in some mammals and birth in others, visual cortex has already undergone significant development. (vhlab.org)
  • New research from the Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience demonstrates that inhibitory and excitatory neuronal circuits of the visual system develop through different processes, even if the organization of the mature circuit is similar. (mpfi.org)
  • In the mid 1970s there had already been years of experimentation in visual cortex that led to two (sometimes controversial) conclusions. (scholarpedia.org)
  • Professor Paik said, "Our study suggests that the structure of the periphery with simple feedforward wiring can provide the basis for a mechanism by which the early visual circuitry is assembled. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Mammals always retain a capacity to learn, whatever the extent of the ablation of the cortex (Meyer & Morgan-Meyer, 1984). (encyclopedia.com)
  • Our observations confirmed the general topography of the mammalian claustrum also in the bottlenose dolphin, although (a) the reduction of the piriform lobe modifies the ventral relationships of the claustrum with the cortex, and (b) the rotation of the telencephalon along the transverse axis, accompanied by the reduction of the antero-posterior length of the brain, apparently moves the claustrum more rostrally. (unicatt.it)
  • They also selectively perturb visual processing by optogenetic, chemogenetic and pharmacological means to investigate the neural circuitry underlying vision. (herseninstituut.nl)
  • In many mammals, T. gondii is known to be an important cause of abortions and stillbirths and to selectively infect muscle and brain tissue. (cdc.gov)
  • Overall, this carnivore adapted to aquatic life shares some aspects of its neuroanatomy and physiology with other seemingly distant aquatic mammals. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since the local mapping of the supragranular layers produces a simultaneous expansion and contraction of the current visual inputs, it accounts for both the local response properties for orientation preference and their global geometric organisation. (paulbourke.net)
  • We suggest that the areal border imposes a strong restriction on the pattern formation of orientation preference maps in the visual cortex. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In clinical practice Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) is typically diagnosed by observation of abnormal visually guided behaviors which indicate higher visual function deficits (HVFDs) suggesting abnormal brain development or brain damage in a child with a suitable clinical history. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pyramidal cells in the superficial layers of neocortex of higher mammals form a lateral network of axon clusters known as the 'daisy' network. (uzh.ch)
  • The image depicts the retinal origin of functional maps of neural tuning in visual cortex. (medicalxpress.com)
  • In mammals, these modular functional maps consist of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons that work together to create an accurate representation of the world. (mpfi.org)
  • In clinical practice, CVI is typically diagnosed in a child with a suitable clinical history by observation of abnormal visually guided behaviors (i.e., behaviors that rely on normal visual function) that suggest abnormal brain development or brain damage. (frontiersin.org)
  • Researchers have explained how the regularly structured topographic maps in the visual cortex of the brain could arise spontaneously to efficiently process visual information. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Neuron activation in the postmotor cortex is a significant part of monkey motor learning and recovery following a stroke or traumatic brain injury. (wewantscience.com)
  • In this work, we detect the presence of doublecortin and Ki67 antigen, markers for neuronal immaturity and cell division, in six mammals characterized by widely different brain size. (bvsalud.org)
  • I am interested in visual neuroscience and functional brain mapping. (ircn.jp)
  • Frogs lack the same neurological wiring for interpreting vision present in mammals, but their eyes still send information about light to other parts of their brain via retinal ganglion cells. (unfoldingmatrix.com)
  • A new gene editing approach restores visual acuity in mice. (phenosys.com)
  • When researchers disabled the visual cortex in lab mice, the test animals still scratched themselves when they saw a video of another mouse doing the same. (unfoldingmatrix.com)
  • Mice have a similar reflex, it appears, but for sensing their companions' scratching without the need to take the time and trouble of recruiting the level of neurology required to turn it into a visual impression. (unfoldingmatrix.com)
  • Apple Vision Pro boasts a user-friendly interface and advanced features that have made it an indispensable asset for businesses seeking to streamline their visual communication processes and boost productivity. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • The local mapping implies that the lateral connections in lamina 4B preserve the topographic ordering of the visual hemi-field. (paulbourke.net)
  • In mouse models, when ipRGC's were stopped from sending signals, the animals no longer showed contagious scratching behaviors, even when researchers kept their visual systems intact. (unfoldingmatrix.com)
  • Whether the reshaping of the functional areas of the cortex of cetaceans involves also modifications of the claustral projections remains hitherto unanswered. (unicatt.it)
  • It is widely believed that among recent mammals, shrews represent the closest relative to the ancestor of all placental mammals and the earliest shrew-like fossils date back approximately 70 to 100 million years ago (Archibald et al. (scholarpedia.org)
  • It has low spatial frequency sensitivity so it is not useful for fine visual discriminations. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The mappings described allow those properties of the visual field which can be predicted on the basis of spatial contiguity (texture, orientation, colour, contrast) to be available as response properties over the entire visual field. (paulbourke.net)
  • Both these transforms are mappings of the hemi-retinal image, and are achieved by known connectivity in the visual system. (paulbourke.net)
  • The left visual cortex receives all rays coming from the left (and falling on the right retinal halves of both eyes). (ghk-academy.info)
  • It results in progressive loss of the visual ability of a particular retinal relay. (ghk-academy.info)
  • HVFDs can occur even in the presence of good visual acuity and may remain undiagnosed because the good visual acuity does not prompt further investigation. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, HVFDs, in presence of good visual acuity, often remain undiagnosed because good visual acuity precludes further investigation leading to a lack of understanding of the child's visual perceptual difficulties. (frontiersin.org)
  • Using visual acuity criterion alone is likely to miss a large proportion of children with HVFDs and a diagnosis of CVI should be based on the combined presence of multiple factors with reduced visual acuity being a contributory but not the defining criteria. (frontiersin.org)
  • Significant work on visual attention in neural networks was underway decades ago, and yes, Geoffrey Hinton was working on attention more than ten years ago ( Larochelle and Hinton 2010 ). (kdnuggets.com)
  • Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in machine learning are deep architectures built as feed-forward neural networks or perceptrons, which are inspired by the research done in the fields of visual analysis by the visual cortex of mammals like cats. (uwindsor.ca)
  • Visual attention didn't seem to be necessary for performance leaps in much of the image classification and processing tasks that kicked off the current deep learning renaissance. (kdnuggets.com)
  • The segregated and special nature of the S-cone system has made it an area of active investigation, with an entire recent issue of Visual Neuroscience devoted to the topic. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Neurons in rhesus monkey visual cortex: systematic relation between time of origin and eventual disposition. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mirror neurons discharged differently in the motor and visual conditions (Figure 3) when the monkey was executing grasping-to-eat or grasping-to-place actions (action-goal-related mirror neurons). (wewantscience.com)
  • The S-cone system exists in nearly all mammals and is evolutionarily older than the M- and L-cone systems. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The researchers first looked at the evolution of neuron growth in the medulla, a part of the fly's visual system featuring a columnar structure. (technologynetworks.com)
  • This leads to a lack of understanding of the child's visual perceptual difficulties. (frontiersin.org)