Mammalian ribosomal protein s6 kinases 70 kda. Medical search. Frequent questions

Summary We conclude that mTOR has a part in maintaining prolonged pain claims via mRNA translation and thus protein synthesis. (researchensemble.com)
Background The serine-threonine protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is definitely inhibited from the immunosuppressant drug rapamycin regulates several intracellular pathways in response to numerous extracellular signals, nutrient availability, energy status of the cell and stress. (researchensemble.com)
These pathways involve mTOR-dependent activation of the 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) as well as the inactivation of the repressor of mRNA translation, eukaryotic initiation element 4E (eIF4E) binding protein (4EBP) [1,2]. (researchensemble.com)
Metformin suppresses the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and our previous study showed that it also inhibits the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). (ksdb.org)
Regulation and function of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) within mTOR signalling networks. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
S6K1 (p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1) is activated by insulin and growth factors via the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signalling pathways S6K1 regulates numerous processes. (dundee.ac.uk)
To identify these pathways, we examined a series of proteins in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase /AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathways in glioblastoma cell lines before and after treatment with DENSPM. (johnshopkins.edu)
We found that DENSPM did not change the protein levels of PI3K but did reduce the levels of AKT, phosphorylated AKT, mTOR, phosphorylated mTOR, p70 S6K , phosphorylated p70 S6K , 4E-BP1, phosphorylated 4E-BP1 and eIF-4B proteins. (johnshopkins.edu)
From this it appears that DENSPM directly targets the mTOR protein level in these glioblastoma cells by inhibiting mTOR-mediated protein synthesis. (johnshopkins.edu)
We further showed that the levels of many proteins regulating cell growth and cell adhesion were downregulated, suggesting a broad effect of DENSPM on mTOR-mediated protein synthesis. (johnshopkins.edu)
We conclude that the activation of polyamine catabolism alters the cellular location of mTOR, thus negatively affecting mTOR-mediated protein synthesis and leading to the death of glioblastoma cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
L-Arginine stimulates the mTOR signaling pathway and protein synthesis in porcine trophectoderm cells. (tamu.edu)
The present study tested the hypothesis that Arg stimulates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and protein synthesis in porcine conceptus trophectoderm (pTr2) cells. (tamu.edu)
Cell numbers, protein synthesis and degradation, as well as total and phosphorylated levels of mTOR, ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein-1 (4EBP1), were determined. (tamu.edu)
Addition of 100 and 350 M Arg to culture medium dose-dependently increased (a) protein synthesis and decreased protein degradation and (b) the abundance of total and phosphorylated mTOR, p70S6K and 4EBP1 proteins. (tamu.edu)
To address the possibility that activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR/FRAP), represents one of these pathways, we have examined the effect of simultaneous inhibition of the Ras-MAPK and PI3K-mTOR pathways on transformation of CEF by v-Src. (embl.de)
ROS decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase signaling, while overexpression of IRS-1 attenuated this inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
ROS-mediated autophagy may occur via inhibition of IRS-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mTOR signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
The main IRS-1 downstream signaling pathways include type I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt (PKB: protein kinase B), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). (biomedcentral.com)
Markedly, we found that suppression of HIF-1α accumulation by celastrol correlated with strong dephosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its effectors, ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), pathways known to regulate HIF-1α expression at the translational level. (spandidos-publications.com)
For instance, it can be activated by oncogenic mutations of PTEN, VHL, the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
We found that DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 (mTORC2) were both required for UVB-induced Akt Ser-473 phosphorylation in keratinocytes. (biomedcentral.com)

In enzymology , the term serine/threonine protein kinase describes a class of enzymes in the family of transferases , that transfer phosphates to the oxygen atom of a serine or threonine side chain in proteins . (cloudfront.net)

Human homologs of the AKT8 oncogenic protein were identified in 1987.By 1995 it had been found that Akt kinases function as mitogen-activated kinases downstream from cell surface receptors that activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase . (cloudfront.net)

There are two subfamilies of rsk, p90rsk, also known as MAPK-activated protein kinase-1 (MAPKAP-K1), and p70rsk, also known as S6-H1 Kinase or simply S6 Kinase. (wikipedia.org)
Rsks are serine/threonine kinases and are activated by the MAPK/ERK pathway. (wikipedia.org)
However, paclitaxel induced the activation of ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, a cell signaling pathway implicated in cell survival and proliferation. (ksdb.org)
Inhibition of the Ras-MAPK pathway by expression of the dominant-negative Ras mutant HRasN17 or by addition of the MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059 reduced several of these parameters but failed to block transformation. (embl.de)

PI3K/mTORC1 сигнальний шлях залучений до контролю багатьох клітинних функцій, що регулюють фосфорилування одного зі своїх медіаторів - кінази 1 рибосомного протеїну S6 (S6K1). (ukrbiochemjournal.org)

In molecular biology, ribosomal s6 kinase (rsk) is a family of protein kinases involved in signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
Types include those acting directly as membrane-bound receptors ( Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase ) and intracellular kinases participating in Signal transduction . (cloudfront.net)
The FGFs are heparin -binding proteins and interactions with cell-surface associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans has been shown to be essential for FGF signal transduction. (beauty104.com.tw)

which specifically inhibits the S6K1 isoform with a K-1 of 20 nM and IC50 of 160 nM PF-4708671 prevents the S6K1-mediated phosphorylation of S6 protein in response to IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), while having no effect upon the PMA-induced phosphorylation of substrates of the highly related RSK (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) and MSK (mitogen- and stress-activated kinase) kinases. (dundee.ac.uk)
Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes and is a very important posttranslational modification . (cloudfront.net)
In this study we used phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein as a functional readout to identify cells responding to EGF and FGF-2. (beauty104.com.tw)
Inhibition of DNA-PKcs activity via its inhibitor NU7026, a dominant-negative kinase-dead mutation, RNA interference (RNAi) or gene depletion led to the attenuation of UVB-induced Akt Ser-473 phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)
Phosphorylation of PINK1 is not only required for the PINK1-mediated mitochondrial recruitment of Parkin but also induces its kinase activity toward Parkin. (sdbonline.org)

Nevertheless, to time, few have looked into the function of vertebral proteins synthesis pathways in consistent pain-like state governments. (researchensemble.com)

There are two known mammalian homologues of S6 Kinase: S6K1 and S6K2. (wikipedia.org)
Спочатку in vitro кіназний тест підтвердив здатність p60-S6K1 фосфорилувати рибосомний протеїн S6 (rpS6), відомий субстрат S6K1. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)

Both p90 and p70 Rsk phosphorylate ribosomal protein s6, part of the translational machinery, but several other substrates have been identified, including other ribosomal proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and a protein , whereas its two products are ADP and phosphoprotein . (cloudfront.net)
While serine/threonine kinases all phosphorylate serine or threonine residues in their substrates, they select specific residues to phosphorylate on the basis of residues that flank the phosphoacceptor site, which together comprise the consensus sequence . (cloudfront.net)
While the catalytic domain of these kinases is highly conserved , the sequence variation that is observed in the kinome (the subset of genes in the genome that encode kinases) provides for recognition of distinct substrates. (cloudfront.net)

Effects of 350 M Arg on intracellular protein turnover were only modestly affected when nitric oxide synthesis was inhibited. (tamu.edu)
The recruitment of specific cytosolic proteins to intracellular membranes through binding phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) controls such processes as endocytosis, regulated exocytosis, cytoskeletal organization, and cell signaling. (embl.de)

Since the consensus sequence residues of a target substrate only make contact with several key amino acids within the catalytic cleft of the kinase (usually through hydrophobic forces and ionic bonds ), a kinase is usually not specific to a single substrate, but instead can phosphorylate a whole 'substrate family' which share common recognition sequences. (cloudfront.net)

The insulin receptor is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that conformationally consists of two alpha and two beta subunit tetramers. (encyclopedia.pub)

The PX domain of Vam7p selectively binds PtdIns-3-P, while the PX domain of the CPK PI-3 kinase selectively binds PtdIns-4,5-P(2). (embl.de)
IRS-1 protein binds to several oncogene proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Many kinases are inhibited by a pseudosubstrate that binds to the kinase like a real substrate but lacks the amino acid to be phosphorylated. (cloudfront.net)

Kim and co-workers show that proteins synthesis can be an important element of the behavioural hypersensitivity induced by shot of formalin in to the hind paw of mice. (researchensemble.com)
such as protein synthesis. (dundee.ac.uk)
Synthesis of new cyclitol compounds that influence the activity of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase isoform, PI4K230. (embl.de)
The synthesis, chemical derivatization, and investigation of the inhibitory properties of novel cyclitol derivatives on the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase enzymes PI4K55 and PI4K230 involved in the phosphatidylinositol cycle are reported. (embl.de)
Further analysis revealed that celastrol inhibited HIF-1α protein synthesis, without affecting the expression level of HIF-1α mRNA or degradation of HIF-1α protein. (spandidos-publications.com)

This compound markedly decreased the hypoxia-induced accumulation of HIF-1α protein dose-dependently, whereas it did not affect the expressions of HIF-1β and topoisomerase-I (topo‑I). Furthermore, celastrol prevented hypoxia-induced expression of HIF-1 target genes for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO). (spandidos-publications.com)
This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a and 11 of its bioinformatically selected target genes and proteins to test their potential dysregulation in RCC. (hindawi.com)

Their studies centered on mice missing delicate mental retardation gene (FMR1), which is another proteins that affects translation mRNA. (researchensemble.com)
The gene codes for a protein kinase. (cloudfront.net)
Leptin is a peptide hormone (16-kDa) encoded by the obese ( ob ) gene. (biomedcentral.com)
It is a 153 amino acids protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF5A2 gene. (operatiebrp.nl)

The Parkinson's disease genes pink1 and parkin , which encode a mitochondrially targeted protein kinase, and an E3 ubiquitin ligase, respectively, participate in a key mitochondrial quality-control pathway that eliminates damaged mitochondria. (sdbonline.org)

AS exposure inhibited Twist and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein and/or mRNA expression in Twist-overexpressing OECM-1 and FaDu-Twist cells. (bvsalud.org)

Functions and regulation of the 70kDa ribosomal S6 kinases. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Serine/threonine kinases play a role in the regulation of cell proliferation, programmed cell death ( apoptosis ), cell differentiation, and embryonic development. (cloudfront.net)

Mammalian H3.1 and H3.2 are deposited by the heterotrimeric chromatin assembly complex 1 (CAF1), whereas H3.3 is deposited at transcriptionally active regions by the Histone Regulator A (HIRA) complex [ 15 , 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Evidence for GO induced autophagy includes increased levels of isoform B-II microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), aggregation of green fluorescence protein-tagged LC3, and increased numbers of autophagic vacuoles in cells. (biomedcentral.com)

We report here that Sac1p has a specific role in secretion and acts as an antagonist of the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase Pik1p in Golgi trafficking. (embl.de)

The insulin receptor exhibiting kinase activity is responsible for its autophosphorylation at the tyrosine residue site upon insulin binding. (encyclopedia.pub)
The insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are a family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins recognized for their role in insulin signaling. (biomedcentral.com)

IRS-1 was the first of these to be identified as a 185 kDa protein that is detectable by immunoblot analysis in response to insulin stimulation [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In vivo studies further confirmed the inhibitory effect of celastrol on the expression of HIF-1α proteins, leading to a decreased growth of Hep3B cells in a xenograft tumor model. (spandidos-publications.com)
and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)

Members of a subfamily of these enzymes share a specific domain that was first identified in the yeast Sac1 protein [1]. (embl.de)

Proliferation was characterized by enrichment in genes involved in basic cellular and metabolic processes (transcription, ribosome biogenesis, translation and protein folding), cellular remodelling and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)

Ample amounts of basic macromolecules such as carbohydrate, protein, and fat are crucial for optimum bodily function. (encyclopedia.pub)
Despite the detailed in vitro characterization of the enzymatic properties of yeast Sac1p, the exact cellular function of this protein has remained obscure. (embl.de)
When the pseudosubstrate is removed, the kinase can perform its normal function. (cloudfront.net)

These proteins had a high degree of amino acid identity but were determined to be distinct mitogens. (beauty104.com.tw)

Our study shows that the combination of paclitaxel and metformin has synergistic effect on cell survival and suppresses the expression of proteins involved in cancer metastasis. (ksdb.org)

The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:protein phosphotransferase (non-specific) . (cloudfront.net)
Our observations suggest that the HXKs may be redundant proteins with specific roles depending on carbon and ATP availability, metabolic needs, or sensor requirements. (biomedcentral.com)

This study evaluated the roles of PINK1 mitochondrial kinase, and Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase in targeting depolarized mitochondria for degradation in vivo, using quantitative measurements of mitochondria in Drosophila nervous system. (sdbonline.org)

The main distinguishing feature between p90rsk and p70rsk is that the 90 kDa family contain two non-identical kinase domains, while the 70 kDa family contain only one kinase domain. (wikipedia.org)
is actually a family of protein kinases consisting of ~10 isozymes . (cloudfront.net)
form part of the MAPKK Kinase family and are activated by growth factors. (cloudfront.net)

The kinetic parameters of recombinant proteins showed that ZmHXK4-7 have high catalytic efficiency for Glc, fructose (Fru) and mannose (Man), ZmHXK7 has a lower Km for ATP, and together with ZmHXK8 they have lower sensitivity to inhibition by ADP, G6P and N-acetylglucosamine than ZmHXK4-6 and ZmHXK9. (biomedcentral.com)

Activation of DNA-PKcs by UV is dependent on ATR (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3 related) kinase and is important for replication stress [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

These proteins were found to be identical to the acidic and basic FGFs described by Gospodarowicz and coworkers. (beauty104.com.tw)

Proteins that act both at the cell surface and intracellularly will be discussed in this thesis, with particular emphasis on the fibroblast growth factors. (beauty104.com.tw)

Protein modules such as FVYE domains and PH domains that bind specifically to PtdIns 3-phosphate (PtdIns-3-P) and polyphosphoinositides, respectively, can direct such membrane targeting. (embl.de)

The advanced pathological grade was associated with strong TGFB1, VEGFA, and Ki67 protein expression and absent Tp53 staining. (hindawi.com)
Differential expression patterns of phospholipase D isoforms 1 and 2 in the mammalian brain and retina. (neurotree.org)

Anatomy9

Organisms5

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Phenomena and Processes25

Information Science3

MTOR22

Serine-threon1

Phosphoinositide 3-kina1

MAPK4

PI3K1

Signal transduction3

Phosphorylation5

Pathways1

S6K12

Substrates4

Intracellular2

Phosphorylate1

Subunit1

Binds3

Synthesis5

Target2

Gene4

Pathway1

MRNA1

Regulation2

Heterotrimeric1

Isoform1

Golgi1

Receptor2

Insulin1

Tumor2

Enzymes1

Proliferation1

Function3

Distinct1

Cancer1

Specific2

Roles1

Family3

Inhibition1

Activation1

Found1

Growth1

Domains1

Expression2