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Enterobacter cloacaeCloacaEnterobacterEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsEnterobacteriaceaeMammalsbeta-LactamasesMolecular Sequence DataAmino Acid SequenceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPythiumCephalosporinsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBase SequenceCitrobacter freundiibeta-LactamsCephalosporinaseCloning, MolecularPlasmidsEnterobacter aerogenesCephalosporin ResistanceCeftazidimeGram-Negative BacteriaSequence Homology, Amino AcidCell LineDrug Resistance, MicrobialEscherichia coliMutationEmbryo, MammalianBacterial ProteinsSequence Analysis, DNADNA, BacterialBacteriaCarbapenemsUrogenital AbnormalitiesAnus, ImperforateTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesCucumis sativusUranyl NitrateKineticsKlebsiella pneumoniaeDrug Resistance, BacterialGenes, BacterialImipenemCefotaximeCricetinaeCeftizoximeSpecies SpecificityPhylogenyHeLa CellsHydrocolposProtein BindingSerratia marcescensNitroreductasesCarrier ProteinsAntibiosisQuinolonesPolymerase Chain ReactionBladder ExstrophyTranscription Factorsbeta-Lactam ResistanceTransfectionSerratia InfectionsKlebsiellaCross InfectionPenicillanic AcidAlgeriaSignal TransductionSequence AlignmentRNA, MessengerDNA, ComplementaryRecombinant ProteinsSubstrate SpecificityPhenotypeDNAThienamycinsHydrolysisIsoelectric Focusing
PlacentaEmbryonicMonotremesVaginaCoelomicPosteriorCopulationRespirationAvianBirdsHostsSpeciesMarsupialsAnatomyAnalogousMammalsBrainPresenceEssentialTypesEmbryoEnterobacterCloacalPlacental mammalsUrinaryEpidermisAnusKidneysVentUrineUnlikeReproductiveTenrecsTestesOxygenDucksBacterialModelCommonCellFoundMakeTinySimilar
Placenta1
  • Most reptiles are oviparous , although several species of squamates are viviparous , as were some extinct aquatic clades [5] - the fetus develops within the mother, using a (non-mammalian) placenta rather than contained in an eggshell . (hyperlinked.wiki)
Embryonic3
  • In the embryo, the embryonic cloaca divides into a posterior region that becomes part of the anus, and an anterior region that develops depending on sex: in males it forms the penile urethra, while in females, it develops into the vestibule that receives the urethra and vagina. (wikipedia.org)
  • Being placental animals, humans have an embryonic cloaca which divides into separate tracts during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the following chapter we will look more closely at mammalian, then specifically human, embryonic and fetal development. (umn.edu)
Monotremes2
Vagina1
  • Answer 2 is very complete and mostly accurate, an egg tooth typically will fall off within days of hatching and the point of discharge of the egg from the hen is called a cloaca (not vagina) as fecal and liquid are discharged from this same opening. (ceeplaser.org)
Coelomic2
  • In birds, the testes are located in the coelomic cavity, not being accessible to reproductive evaluation as mammalian testes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pseudomonas maltophila was cultured from both the cloaca and coelomic fluid. (britishcheloniagroup.org.uk)
Posterior1
Copulation2
  • Mating through the cloaca is called cloacal copulation and cloacal kissing. (wikipedia.org)
  • During copulation, sperm is transferred from the male's cloaca into the female's cloaca via specialized structures called phalluses or intromittent organs. (wellfell.com)
Respiration2
  • Some species have modified cloacae for increased gas exchange (see Reptile respiration and Reptile reproduction). (wikipedia.org)
  • One big difference between avian respiration and mammalian respiration is that birds do not use a diaphragm to pump air in and out of their lungs. (ceeplaser.org)
Avian2
  • The cloaca plays a crucial role in avian reproduction as it serves both excretory and reproductive functions. (wellfell.com)
  • Another intriguing aspect of male avian anatomy is the presence of a cloaca, an all-purpose opening used for both excretion and reproduction. (wellfell.com)
Birds9
  • Birds that mate using this method touch their cloacae together, in some species for only a few seconds, sufficient time for sperm to be transferred from the male to the female. (wikipedia.org)
  • One study has looked into birds that use their cloaca for cooling. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cloaca in birds may also be referred to as the vent. (wikipedia.org)
  • In marsupials (and a few birds), the genital tract is separate from the anus, but a trace of the original cloaca does remain externally. (wikipedia.org)
  • Birds do not have a urinary bladder or external urethral opening, two components that are essential parts of the mammalian excretory system. (bigegghunt.net)
  • Birds indeed excrete urea, the primary component of mammalian urine. (bigegghunt.net)
  • Instead of urinating and defecating separately like mammals, birds do them both at once through the same orifice, the cloaca. (bigegghunt.net)
  • A total of 452 swabs (226 cloacae and 226 oropharyngeal swabs) were collected using a mist net to capture the birds. (authorea.com)
  • Unlike mammals, who have separate openings for reproduction and waste elimination, female birds have only one opening called the cloaca - similar to males. (wellfell.com)
Hosts1
  • Under experimental conditions, the most common reptile cryptosporidium isolate Cryptosporidium serpentis has been unable to infect mammalian hosts, and the human pathogen C. parvum has been unable to infect reptiles (Fayer et al 1995). (britishcheloniagroup.org.uk)
Species1
  • For the majority of these peptides, species-specific seroreactivity in mammalian sera has been reported in literature. (biomedcentral.com)
Marsupials2
  • Even in the marsupials that have one, the cloaca is partially subdivided into separate regions for the anus and urethra. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike other marsupials, marsupial moles have a true cloaca. (wikipedia.org)
Anatomy1
  • In the anatomy of some animals, a cloaca (/kloʊˈeɪkə/ kloh-AY-kə), PL: cloacae (/kloʊˈeɪsi/ kloh-AY-see or /kloʊˈeɪki/ kloh-AY-kee), is the rear orifice that serves as the only opening for the digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts (if present) of many vertebrate animals. (wikipedia.org)
Analogous2
  • Excretory openings with analogous purpose in some invertebrates are also sometimes called cloacae. (wikipedia.org)
  • The hoatzin is an herbivore , eating leaves and fruit, and has an unusual digestive system with an enlarged crop used for fermentation of vegetable matter, in a manner broadly analogous to the digestive system of mammalian ruminants . (alchetron.com)
Mammals3
Brain2
  • The hedgehog tenrec, Echinops telfairi, has certain basal mammalian features, like a cloaca and a sparsely differentiated brain with smooth cerebral hemispheres. (nih.gov)
  • Professor Owen, relying chiefly on the structure of the brain, has divided the mammalian series into four sub-classes. (literature.org)
Presence1
  • Whole genome characterization of the viruses reveals the presence of the mammalian adaptive marker E627K in two Afro-tropical resident aquatic ducks. (authorea.com)
Essential1
Types1
  • Mammalian penises consist of two main types of erectile tissue - the corpus cavernosum and the corpus spongiosum. (livescience.com)
Embryo3
  • In the embryo, the embryonic cloaca divides into a posterior region that becomes part of the anus, and an anterior region that develops depending on sex: in males it forms the penile urethra, while in females, it develops into the vestibule that receives the urethra and vagina. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, to determine the molecular architecture of the mouse cloaca, we collected mouse E11.5 embryo and profiled the spatial transcriptome using Geo-seq. (cncb.ac.cn)
  • In humans, the unborn young from the end of the eighth week after CONCEPTION until BIRTH, as distinguished from the earlier EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. (ucdenver.edu)
Enterobacter3
Cloacal1
Placental mammals2
Urinary7
  • In the anatomy of some animals, a cloaca (/kloʊˈeɪkə/ kloh-AY-kə), PL: cloacae (/kloʊˈeɪsi/ kloh-AY-see or /kloʊˈeɪki/ kloh-AY-kee), is the rear orifice that serves as the only opening for the digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts (if present) of many vertebrate animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • In lampreys and in some ray-finned fishes, part of the cloaca remains in the adult to receive the urinary and reproductive ducts, although the anus always opens separately. (wikipedia.org)
  • Being placental animals, humans have an embryonic cloaca which divides into separate tracts during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evolutionary and functional significance of the mammalian urinary bladder remains undervalued and ill-defined. (cncb.ac.cn)
  • At the end of the GI, as in birds, the reproductive, urinary, and GI tracts come together to form the cloaca, which is subdivided into the coprodeum, urodeum, and proctodeum. (vin.com)
  • Interestingly, the urinary bladder (in chelonians, some lizards, and crocodilians) is actually a storage container for urinary waste and more importantly water as a pouching off of the colon/cloaca. (vin.com)
  • Birds have a common area into which their digestive tract, urinary tract and reproductive tract empty called the cloaca. (safarivet.com)
Epidermis1
  • At 24 h.p.f., expression of both paralogs presented a similar pattern including olfactory and otic placodes, cloaca (cl), and epidermis (ep), although esrp2 was also observed in the hatching gland (hg). (echinobase.org)
Anus3
  • Even in the marsupials that have one, the cloaca is partially subdivided into separate regions for the anus and urethra. (wikipedia.org)
  • In marsupials (and a few birds), the genital tract is separate from the anus, but a trace of the original cloaca does remain externally. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is no cloaca and the anus opens separately from the urinogenital tract. (ed.ac.uk)
Kidneys1
  • 0.1), internal testes caudal to the kidneys, the presence of a cloaca, the capacity for indeterminate growth, as well as weird embryology that resembles monotremes, and more! (nau.edu)
Vent3
Urine2
  • Birds utilize the cloaca for reproduction as well as excrement and urine. (goldenspikecompany.com)
  • Urine retrofluxes from the cloaca up into this structure, and water can likewise retroflux from there to the colonic mucosa for fluid and electrolyte absorption. (vin.com)
Unlike2
  • Unlike other marsupials, marsupial moles have a true cloaca. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike mammalian lungs, which have a complex network of tiny air sacs, reptilian lungs are simpler in structure. (wikireplied.com)
Reproductive1
  • Among their crazy assemblage of sauropsid and mammalian traits, monotromes lay eggs, secrete milk through skin pores, have a single duct (cloaca) for excretory and reproductive functions, and are hairy and lack teeth. (alephrocco.com)
Tenrecs1
  • However, tenrecs still inhabit Madagascar today in an abundance and diversity not seen in any other mammalian family. (aviandesign.net)
Testes1
  • Such traits include nocturnal activity patterns, small body size, the retention of a cloaca as a common uro-genital opening, abdominal testes, poor eyesight and a dependence on their sense of smell and hearing. (aviandesign.net)
Oxygen2
  • They accomplish this by having a pair of accessory air bladders connected to the cloaca which can absorb oxygen from the water. (wikipedia.org)
  • These bursae, located near the cloaca, allow turtles to extract oxygen from water and facilitate respiration in aquatic environments. (wikireplied.com)
Ducks1
  • Five of six H5N1 isolates tested replicated in inoculated ducks and were shed from trachea or cloaca, but none caused disease signs or death. (nih.gov)
Bacterial1
  • The mammalian intestine is home to dense and complex indigenous bacterial communities. (nature.com)
Model1
  • There is a clear temporal pattern in the progressively increasing pathogenicity of these isolates in the mammalian model. (nih.gov)
Common2
  • In both sexes the intestines, the ducts of the excretory system, and the genital ducts all open into a common chamber known as the cloaca, with just one external opening. (animalfactsencyclopedia.com)
  • The rectum and urinogenital sinus open together at a common, short cloaca. (ed.ac.uk)
Cell2
  • The Mahosot Hospital Microbiology Laboratory in Vientiane, Laos, routinely performs rickettsial isolation from hospitalized patients with suspected rickettsioses using mammalian cell culture systems. (ox.ac.uk)
  • It is an essential structural component of mammalian cell membranes. (absoluteastronomy.com)
Found2
  • However, the liver is on the "thoracic" side, while a round structure called the fat body sits in the location a mammalian liver would be found. (vin.com)
  • Paleontologists have also found on the same Psittacosaurus fossil a dinosaur cloaca and countershading camouflage , Gizmodo reports. (smithsonianmag.com)
Make1
  • The anatomical parts that make up a viviparous mammalian organism in the postembryonic period of development. (nih.gov)
Tiny1
Similar1