Mainstream smoke tobacco smoke pollution. Medical search. Frequent questions

Responding to a question about a number of cigarettes smoked per day, 31% answered 1120, 29% answered 2130, and 25% answered 110. (who.int)
10 ng/mL) was categorized on the basis of the average number of self-reported cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) in the five days prior to urine collection. (cdc.gov)
Cotinine assays provide an objective quantitative measure that is more reliable than smoking history or counting the number of cigarettes smoked per day. (biomedcentral.com)

The term "sidestream smoke" is sometimes used to refer to smoke that goes into the air directly from a burning cigarette, cigar, or pipe, while "mainstream smoke" refers to smoke that a smoker exhales. (wikipedia.org)
AAs can be found in mainstream and sidestream smoke from combustible tobacco products, as well as in certain environmental pollution and occupational exposure from several chemical industry sectors. (cdc.gov)
9 10 SHS, the combination of sidestream smoke released from a burning cigarette and mainstream smoke exhaled by an active smoker, 11 12 is known to raise indoor air levels of respirable particles as well as nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and other toxic substances. (bmj.com)
According to the National Toxicology Program, sidestream smoke and mainstream smoke contain "at least 250 chemicals known to be toxic or carcinogenic" (HHS, 2005). (nationalacademies.org)
Sidestream smoke actually has higher concentrations of toxic compounds than mainstream smoke. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
Sidestream smoke tends to contain smaller particles, which are the ones most likely to travel deep into your lungs when inhaled. (allergycosmos.co.uk)

In the United States, secondhand smoke is estimated to cause more than 7,000 deaths from lung cancer a year among non-smokers. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, the International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded in 2004 that there was "no support for a causal relation between involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke and breast cancer in never-smokers. (wikipedia.org)
However, knowledge and attitude about smoking were good, and the majority of the smokers were well aware of the associated hazards. (who.int)
I mean to put a warning that reads "Tobacco smoke causes fatal lung disease in non smokers" on a pack of cigarettes is ridiculous. (prwatch.org)
Something like under 25% of habitual tobacco smokers actually develop any smoking-related illnesses. (soundofheart.org)
The possibilities of passive/secondary smokers contracting lung cancer is nearly 30% higher than people who do not breathe in smoke either actively or passively. (ayurvedayoga.com.au)
however, no restric- a major, preventable cause of premature death and tions on smoking in workplaces, public transit or disease in non-smokers.1 SHS contains over 2500 indoor public places have yet been enacted. (who.int)
Since smoking cessation efforts in the United States in the past few decades have been quite successful, lung cancer is now very often a disease of former smokers. (healthywomen.org)
According to a World Health Organization in 2018, passive smoking (being exposed to second-hand smoke of others) causes 890 000 premature deaths of non-smokers every year. (smokefreegreece.gr)
While various strategies have been adopted over the years to help smokers quit - including the emergence of e-cigarettes , which many experts fear are spawning an entirely new health crisis themselves - the most drastic measures taken by governments all over the world involve banning smoking in public spaces. (flipscience.ph)
On top of this, President Rodrigo Duterte - a former smoker turned staunch anti-smoking advocate - signed Executive Order No. 26 on May 16, 2017, with the objective of establishing "smoke-free environments in public and enclosed places" by allowing smokers to smoke only in DSAs (designated smoking areas). (flipscience.ph)
Do they really work in dissuading smokers from continuing their tobacco habit? (flipscience.ph)
In non-smoking nursing students, avoiding exposure to SHS was attributed to self-assertive behavior by requesting smokers to extinguish cigarettes. (ophrp.org)
A U.S. District Court decision has vacated several chapters of the EPA document 'Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and Other Disorders' that served as the basis for EPA's classification of secondhand smoke as a Group A carcinogen and estimates that ETS causes 3,000 lung cancer deaths in non-smokers each year. (ehso.com)
In recent years, there has been concern that non-smokers may also be at risk for some of these health effects as a result of their exposure ('passive smoking') to the smoke exhaled by smokers and smoke given off by the burning end of cigarettes. (ehso.com)
Also known as environmental tobacco smoke, second-hand smoke is the smoke emitted from smoking cigarettes, cigars, and pipes to which non-smokers nearby are exposed. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
In a smoke-filled room, 85% of second-hand smoke is of the sidestream variety, putting the health of the non-smokers present at risk. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
However, passive smokers are still less at risk than the smoker who is actually inhaling the smoke directly. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
Overall, each additional measure was linked with a drop in smoking rates of 1.57 percentage points - corresponding to 7.1 per cent fewer smokers in 2015 compared with in 2005. (cleartheair.org.hk)
Novel cigarette-appearing items have been introduced to the market with the intent, either stated or implied, of reducing toxicants in mainstream and second-hand smoke and/or helping smokers break their nicotine addiction. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Aromatic amines (AA) are found in cigarette smoke and are well-established human bladder carcinogens. (cdc.gov)
PM's studies revealed that inhaled fresh secondhand smoke is approximately four times more toxic per gram in its total particulate matter than mainstream cigarette smoke (the smoke the smoker himself inhales). (prwatch.org)
Cigarette smoke contains more than 4,000 different chemicals, 60 of which are proven carcinogens, and hundreds of others increase the cancer-causing power of carcinogens. (healthywomen.org)
Synergistic inactivation of plasma 1-proteinase inhibitor by aldehydes of cigarette smoke with styrene oxide and 1,2-dichloroethane. (cdc.gov)
By gender, men were more likely than women to be exposed to cigarette smoke while at work. (smokefreegreece.gr)
Specifically, 33% of respondents aged 18-24 stated they were exposed to cigarette smoke at work. (smokefreegreece.gr)
Specifically, our research objectives were to describe 1) the absolute impact of passive exposure from inhaling vapour when compared with background, and 2) the relative impact of passive exposure from inhaling vapour when compared with passive exposure from inhaling conventional cigarette smoke. (phrp.com.au)
The risk from being passively exposed to EC vapour is likely to be less than the risk from passive exposure to conventional cigarette smoke. (phrp.com.au)
Cigarette smoke produces nitrogen oxide, contributing to air pollution and climate change. (vaporvanity.com)
Cigarette smoke is a potent cocktail of over 7,000 different substances and chemicals in both particulate and gas molecule forms, around 70 of these are known to cause cancer. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
Cigarette smoke is a difficult contaminant to filter out of the air. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
What chemicals are there in cigarette smoke? (allergycosmos.co.uk)
There are around 7,000 different chemicals in cigarette smoke. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
Cancer Research UK states benzene in cigarette smoke is the culprit in up to half of all deaths from leukaemia caused by smoking. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
A heavy metal found in batteries, but most of the cadmium in our bodies comes from cigarette smoke. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
A gas with a very irritating smell and one of the most abundant chemicals in cigarette smoke. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
An odourless, colourless gas which is a product of burning, carbon monoxide makes up 3-5% of cigarette smoke. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
When most people think "cigarette smoke," they immediately think "lung cancer," but far less public attention has been paid to how secondhand smoke effects heart function. (prwatch.org)

Passive smoking is the inhalation of tobacco smoke, commonly called secondhand smoke (SHS) or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), by individuals other than the active smoker. (wikipedia.org)
It occurs when tobacco smoke diffuses into the surrounding atmosphere as an aerosol pollutant, which leads to its inhalation by nearby bystanders within the same environment. (wikipedia.org)
Passive smoking is the inhalation of side-stream tobacco smoke produced by other people who actively smoke near us. (smokefreegreece.gr)
Evidence points to secondhand smoke inhalation as a major factor in a person's increased risk of suffering from a brain tumor, heart disease, stroke, and even different types of cancer. (flipscience.ph)
SHS is comprised of both mainstream smoke which is defined as a bystander's inhalation of smoke from a smoker's exhalations, whereas side stream smoke, is the smoke that rises from the end of a burning cigarette [ 4 ]. (ophrp.org)
Thus, the adverse impacts of SHS on bystanders' health are mainly due to the inhalation of large amounts of side stream smoke [ 6 ]. (ophrp.org)
Between 1981 and 1989, Philip Morris (PM) conducted at least 115 different inhalation studies on secondhand smoke at INBIFO in which they compared the toxicity of mainstream smoke (the smoke the smoker himself inhales) to that of secondhand smoke. (prwatch.org)

Secondhand smoke is more chemically potent that what the smoker himself inhales. (prwatch.org)
This smoke is exhaled by the smoker, and accounts to more than 50 percent of all secondhand smoke. (ayurvedayoga.com.au)
Secondhand smoking (SHS), is defined as the smoke inhaled by a non-smoker in the vicinity of a smoker [ 1 ]. (ophrp.org)
Side stream smoke accounts for approximately 80% of the smoke that surrounds a cigarette smoker. (ophrp.org)

Results Cigarette and water-pipe smoking was emission levels as a single cigarette smoked for observed in 14 venues, while cigarette smoking only and about 10 minutes.3 water-pipe smoking only were found in 12 venues and The World Health Organization has established one venue, respectively. (who.int)
Although theNational Anti-Tobacco Network(RENATA), a new coalition ofgovernmental health institutions and nongovernmental tobacco control associationsformed in 2007, generated enough public pressure on Legislative Assembly to ratify the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2008 and secure Bill 17.371's introduction in 2009 to implement the treaty, the industry once again worked through the Ministry of Health to delay the bill's passage. (escholarship.org)

In the same year the Tobacco Regulation Act was approved, the Philippines signed the WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, said to be the first public health treaty in the world. (flipscience.ph)
The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), which came into effect in 2005, obliges the 180 countries signed up to have high tobacco taxes, smoke-free public spaces, warning labels, comprehensive advertising bans and support for stop-smoking services. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Conclusions Despite ratification of the FCTC in 2005, pollution levels within indoor public venues that both cigarette and water-pipe smoking are commonly permit smoking have been found to exceed this practised in enclosed public places throughout Lebanon, recommendation by severalfold.9 leading to unsafe levels of indoor particulate pollution. (who.int)
Five years ago, WHO introduced the MPOWER measures as a practical, cost-effective way to scale up implementation of specific provisions of the WHO FCTC on the ground.This report focuses on enforcing bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS). (escholarship.org)
It has led to the formation of the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) 2 in order to protect the public. (smokefreegreece.gr)
The study analysed WHO data from 126 countries - 116 of which are signatories to the FCTC - and tracked and compared the implementation of the five key measures from 2007 to 2014 to look at links between strong policies and smoking rates. (cleartheair.org.hk)
Countries that fully implemented more FCTC measures saw significantly greater reductions in smoking rates, the study found. (cleartheair.org.hk)
The researchers also noted that the lower smoking rates could be influenced by factors other than FCTC policy recommendations. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke causes many of the same diseases caused by active tobacco smoking, although to a lower prevalence due to the reduced concentration of smoke that enters the airway. (wikipedia.org)
Secondhand smoke causes many of the same diseases as direct smoking, including cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases. (wikipedia.org)
By reduc- ing air pollution levels, countries can reduce the burden of disease from stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and both chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including asthma. (who.int)
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking increases the risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and premature death. (cdc.gov)
and 3) to describe the relationship between tobacco use (as well as exposure to ETS) and chronic health conditions, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. (cdc.gov)
Let's face it, the health impacts of smoking are well-documented and grim, from cardiovascular diseases to various forms of cancer. (stamfordbuzz.com)
Air pollution, water, sanitation and hygiene are the main drivers of these diseases. (who.int)
However, tobacco is seriously threatened by numerous diseases during production. (tobst-cn.com)
Previously, the field survey of tobacco diseases was conducted in the Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, the two main tobacco-producing areas in China. (tobst-cn.com)
Smoking causes lung cancer and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular illnesses such as heart disease and strokes, which kill more people than any other diseases. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Lung cancer: Passive smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Lung problems: Risk of asthma Risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) According to a 2015 review, passive smoking may increase the risk of tuberculosis infection and accelerate the progression of the disease, but the evidence remains weak. (wikipedia.org)
The 25 year-old, plain-text Surgeon General warnings will be out, replaced with updated, straightforward messages like "WARNING: Tobacco smoke causes fatal lung disease in nonsmokers," "WARNING: Cigarettes are addictive" and "WARNING: Cigarettes cause fatal lung disease. (prwatch.org)
then you are breathing those beliefs and intentions unconsciously into your smoke, and if you continue to put that intention out over time as you habitually smoke, that magic wand will work for you and create in your reality what you have been focusing on, whether that is enlightenment or lung cancer. (soundofheart.org)
In short, smoking is not the only reason behind the cause of lung cancer. (ayurvedayoga.com.au)
Lung cancer occurs most often in people over 50 who have a long history of cigarette smoking. (healthywomen.org)
While genetic mutations may play a role, we know that smoking is the number one cause of lung cancer-about 80 percent of lung cancers are thought to be the result of smoking, according to the American Lung Association. (healthywomen.org)
The more you smoke and the longer you smoke, the greater your risk of lung cancer. (healthywomen.org)
The second most common risk factor for lung cancer in the United States is exposure to radon, particularly when combined with cigarette smoking. (healthywomen.org)
Lung cancer, the 4th cause of all deaths globally, 8 has been firmly established as a health effect causally related not only to active smoking but also to second-hand smoke exposure. (smokefreegreece.gr)
Among adults who have never smoked, passive smoking causes heart disease, stroke and lung cancer. (smokefreegreece.gr)
An early example dates back to 1898, when medical student Hermann Rottmann became the first to suggest that lung cancer - a problem which had much, much fewer documented cases back then - may be linked to tobacco, based on the spike in the number of tobacco workers in Germany who developed lung tumors. (flipscience.ph)
In fact, over the next decade, other experts proposed numerous other alternative explanations to the increase in lung cancer cases, from industrial air pollution to asphalt dust. (flipscience.ph)
The report concludes that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) -- commonly known as secondhand smoke -- is responsible for approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths each year in nonsmoking adults and impairs the respiratory health of hundreds of thousands of children. (ehso.com)
The Environmental Protection Agency firmly maintains that the bulk of the scientific evidence demonstrates that secondhand smoke -- environmental tobacco smoke, or 'ETS' -- causes lung cancer and other significant health threats to children and adults. (ehso.com)
EPA's report ('Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Lung Cancer and Other Disorders,' EPA/600/6-90/006F) was peer-reviewed by 18 eminent, independent scientists who unanimously endorsed the study's methodology and conclusions. (ehso.com)
Tobacco use is known to cause lung cancer in humans, and is a major risk factor for heart disease. (ehso.com)
Lung cancer takes many years to develop, but heart function is impacted more rapidly upon exposure to secondhand smoke. (prwatch.org)

Per 2020 numbers, tobacco-related illnesses cause the deaths of approximately 110,000 Filipinos every year. (flipscience.ph)
In Korea, improvements to SHS prevention policies have been implemented nationally, and in the Health Plan 2020 (HP2020), the non-smoking section contains specific objectives to lower SHS rates. (ophrp.org)

Scientific research shows PM2.5 from fossil fuels is responsible for 1 in 5 deaths worldwide , but as NPR health correspondent Maria Godoy explained, wildfire smoke is "estimated to be 10 times as toxic as air pollution from burning fossil fuels. (nexusmedianews.com)
1996). The California Environmental Protection Agency has estimated that 46,000 (range, 22,700-69,600) excess cardiac deaths in the United States each year are attributable to secondhand-smoke exposure at home and in the workplace (Cal EPA, 2005b). (nationalacademies.org)
2009) recently estimated that at the 1999 to 2004 levels, passive smoking leads to 21,800 to 75,100 deaths from coronary heart disease and 38,100 to 128,900 myocardial infarctions annually. (nationalacademies.org)
1 In 2004, 28% of deaths from passive smoking were children. (smokefreegreece.gr)
Consumption of tobacco products accounts for over 23% of male deaths and 12% of female deaths, while tobacco smoke - including secondhand smoke - is responsible for 21.8% of male deaths and 9.7% of female deaths. (flipscience.ph)
Per their estimates, approximately 600,000 out of the 6 million tobacco-related deaths every year (that's one-tenth of the total deaths, all of which are classified as "preventable") were consequences of secondhand (or "passive") smoking . (flipscience.ph)
Six million victims die annually from smoking, the number-one cause of preventable death in the U.S. The deaths are even more than those from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, and firearm-related incidents combined. (debateart.com)
Tobacco causes about 500,000 human deaths a year. (vaporvanity.com)
Their figure includes numbers from secondhand smoke-related deaths. (vaporvanity.com)
Tobacco smoking has long been recognized as a major cause of death and disease, responsible for an estimated 434,000 deaths per year in the United States. (ehso.com)

Secondhand smoke exposure status was categorized using serum cotinine (SCOT) among adult nonusers (SCOT 10 ng/mL). (cdc.gov)
Measure of cotinine in hair, blood, and urine permits the assessment of SHS exposure or active smoking. (biomedcentral.com)
Urinary cotinine was a useful biomarker for identifying exposure to SHS, with respect to the influence of demographic, health-related, and smoking-related factors. (ophrp.org)
Legislation for smoke-free workplaces and Smoking in the home: changing attitudes exposure than urine cotinine? (who.int)

Other terms used include "environmental tobacco smoke", while "involuntary smoking" and "passive smoking" are used to refer to exposure to secondhand smoke. (wikipedia.org)
The term "environmental tobacco smoke" can be traced back to a 1974 industry-sponsored meeting held in Bermuda, while the term "passive smoking" was first used in the title of a scientific paper in 1970. (wikipedia.org)
The Surgeon General of the United States prefers to use the phrase "secondhand smoke" rather than "environmental tobacco smoke", stating that "The descriptor 'secondhand' captures the involuntary nature of the exposure, while 'environmental' does not. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, a 2011 commentary in Environmental Health Perspectives argued that research into "thirdhand smoke" renders it inappropriate to refer to passive smoking with the term "secondhand smoke", which the authors stated constitutes a pars pro toto. (wikipedia.org)
reviewing the evidence accumulated on a worldwide basis, the International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded in 2004 that "Involuntary smoking (exposure to secondhand or 'environmental' tobacco smoke) is carcinogenic to humans. (wikipedia.org)
Breast cancer: The California Environmental Protection Agency concluded in 2005 that passive smoking increases the risk of breast cancer in younger, primarily premenopausal females by 70% and the US Surgeon General has concluded that the evidence is "suggestive", but still insufficient to assert such a causal relationship. (wikipedia.org)
AAs can also be found in environmental pollution such as diesel exhaust, combustion of wood chips and rubber, and substances in charcoal barbequed meats and fish (Debruin, L. S., et. (cdc.gov)
These are the same health issues we see from burning fossil fuels, such as natural gas, but many overlook or downplay this threat because you cannot see or smell this pollution as easily as you can with wildfire smoke," Annie Carforo of WE ACT for Environmental Justice told CNN. (nexusmedianews.com)
However, the winds of change have been blowing in their favor, with increasing consumer awareness about health and environmental implications of smoking. (stamfordbuzz.com)
Furthermore, the pouches play a part in reducing environmental pollution. (stamfordbuzz.com)
Aromatic amines (AAs) are polar organic chemicals with a wide environmental distribution originating from various sources, such as tobacco smoke, diesel exhaust, and dermal absorption from textile products with azo dyes. (bvsalud.org)
Dr V.B. Vouk, Chief, Control of Environmental Pollution and Hazards, opened the meeting on behalf of the Director-General. (inchem.org)
Current research is being conducted in Greece on the levels of environmental pollution produced in homes that have at children who reside in the home and one parent who smokes. (smokefreegreece.gr)
Heating and cooking appliances and environmental tobacco smoke are the most important indoor sources of pollution in UK homes, and that's before the effects of external air quality problems comes into play. (nuaire.co.uk)
However, people from these parts of the world are rarely part of mainstream environmental conversations or are shut out of debates. (thersa.org)
Here, we will discuss the devastating impact of environmental damage caused by the tobacco industry, starting with health discoveries made over 50 years ago. (vaporvanity.com)
In recent years, comparative risk studies performed by EPA and its Science Advisory Board have consistently ranked indoor air pollution among the top five environmental risks to public health. (ehso.com)
A 1991 report sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimated that secondhand smoke kills approximately 53,000 Americans year, mostly from heart disease. (prwatch.org)
This review could provide a comprehensive understanding of the chemical contents of THS and SHS, exposure routes, vulnerable groups, health effects, protective strategies, and future researches on environmental tobacco smoke. (bvsalud.org)
ABSTRACT Effect of smoking and environmental noise on hearing impairment was investigated in 440 people aged 21-50 years living in Beirut. (who.int)
At age 21-39 years, neither smoking nor environmental noise had a significant adverse effect on hearing capacity at low frequencies. (who.int)
Environmental current smoking and HL among older adults noise (also known as community noise or has been reported from Japan [ 4 ]. (who.int)

Because tobacco smoke, wildfire smoke, and smoke from combusting fossil fuels all release a similar kind of particulate matter pollution, or soot, known formally PM2.5, former tobacco lawyer, turned coal and fossil-funded climate denier Steve Milloy was invited on to Fox News to deny the health impacts of breathing in smoke. (nexusmedianews.com)

Passive smoking is strongly associated with an increased risk of stroke, and this increased risk is disproportionately high at low levels of exposure. (wikipedia.org)
Passive smoking can be argued as a violation of human rights especially among vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and children but also in the broader sense of Healthcare and Workplace Health and Safety sectors. (smokefreegreece.gr)
What is Passive smoking? (smokefreegreece.gr)
The strong link between passive smoking and disease has been known since 1981, when research conducted by Professor D. Trichopoulos at the Medical School of the University of Athens was amongst the first to report the dangers associated with passive smoking. (smokefreegreece.gr)
10 Passive smoking has also been shown to be associated with low birth weight newborns, sudden infant death syndrome 11 and childhood behavioural disorders such as hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder. (smokefreegreece.gr)
In terms of second-hand smoke exposure in the workplace, the Eurobarometer 332 reported only 42% of respondents were not exposed to passive smoking in their workplace, while 18% who were employed, said they were exposed to passive smoke more than five hours per day at work. (smokefreegreece.gr)
The Philippines joined 167 other signatories in establishing "common goals" toward tobacco regulation, setting "minimum standards for tobacco control policy," crafting laws to eradicate passive smoking from public spaces, public transport, and offices, and taking a more active role in handling the problem of tobacco smuggling and other "cross-border challenges" involving tobacco products. (flipscience.ph)
As part of its effort to address all types of indoor air pollution, in 1988, EPA's Indoor Air Division (now the Indoor Environments Division) requested that EPA's Office of Research and Development (ORD) undertake an assessment of the respiratory health effects of passive smoking. (ehso.com)
The effects of Sacramento, CA, California Department of taxes and bans on passive smoking. (who.int)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that about 70 chemicals present in secondhand smoke are carcinogenic. (wikipedia.org)
Although much research has focused on the carcinogenic properties of smoke, this report focuses on its cardiovascular effects. (nationalacademies.org)
Compared to mainstream smoke, side stream smoke contains 2.5 times more carbon monoxide, 4.3 times more tar, 5.6 times more toluene, and 3.4 times more carcinogenic benzopyrene [ 5 ]. (ophrp.org)
PM discovered that secondhand smoke is 2-6 times more toxic and carcinogenic per gram than mainstream smoke. (prwatch.org)

Secondhand smoke (SHS: a mixture of sidestream and mainstream smoke) and thirdhand smoke (THS: made up of the pollutants that settle indoors after smoking in closed environments) are a significant public health concern. (bvsalud.org)

AAS are present in mainstream and side stream tobacco smoke, with the latter containing up to thirty times as much 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) as mainstream smoke (Bryant MS, et al. (cdc.gov)

Most recently, in The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke (HHS, 2006), it concluded that exposure to secondhand smoke could have immediate adverse effects on the cardiovascular system in adults and that it causes coronary heart disease. (nationalacademies.org)

But the company that describes itself as the "world's most international tobacco group" routinely violates its own voluntary international marketing and advertising standards, according to a July 1, 2008 BBC-TV This World investigation. (corpwatch.org)
And perhaps more importantly, are they enough to solve the world's ongoing tobacco problem? (flipscience.ph)

Durante los años ochenta, el Ministerio de Salud aprobó varios decretos para restringir el consumo de tabaco, lo que causó que British American Tobacco y Philip Morris International fortalecieran su presencia politica, cuyo resultado fue la promulgación de una ley débil en 1995 todavia vigente. (escholarship.org)
During the mid-to-late 1980s, Health Ministry issued several advanced (for their time) smoking restriction decrees causing British American Tobacco (BAT) and Philip Morris International (PMI) to strengthen their political presence there, resulting in passage of a weak 1995 law, which as of August 2011, remained in effect. (escholarship.org)
We do not want children to smoke," British American Tobacco (BAT) declares on its website. (corpwatch.org)

The health risks of secondhand smoke are a matter of scientific consensus, and have been a major motivation for anti-smoking laws in workplaces and indoor venues, including smoke-free restaurants, bars and night clubs, as well as some open public spaces. (wikipedia.org)
On July 1, 2003, the relatively isolated city of Pueblo, Colorado enacted an ordinance that prohibited smoking in workplaces and indoor public areas, including bars and restaurants. (prwatch.org)

The condensate ("tar") derived from secondhand smoke is approximately three times more toxic per gram and two to six times more tumorigenic per gram than the condensate produced by mainstream smoke when applied to skin. (prwatch.org)
The report warns against repeating mistakes that were made due to the slow medical recognition of toxic substances such as asbestos, tobacco smoking and lead in petrol. (naturalnews.com)

Tobacco smoke contains over 7000 chemicals including nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), aromatic amines, and carbon monoxide. (biomedcentral.com)
This type of cancer usually takes place due to nicotine ingestion through smoking. (ayurvedayoga.com.au)
Ever since its discovery, nicotine has been associated with smoke, tobacco leaves, and health risks. (stamfordbuzz.com)
This narrative, however, is experiencing a seismic shift as the world embraces a new mode of nicotine consumption: smokeless, tobacco-free nicotine pouches. (stamfordbuzz.com)
The pouch, usually placed between the user's lip and gum, allows nicotine to be absorbed into the bloodstream through the mucous membrane, ensuring a steady release of nicotine without the harmful effects associated with smoking. (stamfordbuzz.com)
The journey from traditional tobacco products to nicotine pouches can be surprisingly seamless. (stamfordbuzz.com)
The experience of using a nicotine pouch is different from smoking but can satisfy the nicotine craving, making the transition easier. (stamfordbuzz.com)
The shift from tobacco to nicotine pouches isn't merely a product swap. (stamfordbuzz.com)
The tobacco-free turnaround signifies not only the evolution of nicotine consumption but also the evolution of our collective mindset towards health and well-being. (stamfordbuzz.com)
1 Unlike conventional cigarette (CC) users who inhale smoke produced by burning tobacco, the EC user inhales an aerosol, which typically contains nicotine, propylene glycol and other chemicals. (phrp.com.au)
Nicotine addiction is a serious problem, and the host of health issues that comes with long-term smoking should not have to fall on younger people to discover too late in life to fix. (vaporvanity.com)
The products deliver nicotine, at different amounts, but no smoke or tar. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Despite the evidence, tobacco products remain the leading cause of preventable death in the US. (vaporvanity.com)

METHODS: We measured and compared total urinary levels of 1-aminonaphthalene (1AMN), 2-aminonaphthalene (2AMN), and 4-aminobiphenyl (4ABP) in adults who smoked cigarettes exclusively and in adult nonusers of tobacco products from a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized U.S. population in the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (cdc.gov)
RESULTS: Sample-weighted geometric mean concentrations of AAs in adults who smoked cigarettes exclusively compared with adult nonusers were 30 times higher for 1AMN and 4 to 6 times higher for 2AMN and 4ABP. (cdc.gov)
According to the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), about 43% of nonsmoking children and 37% of nonsmoking adults are exposed to secondhand smoke in the United States (Pirkle et al. (nationalacademies.org)
In the United States, two out of five adults do not smoke, yet secondhand smoke affects half the children, and statistics show 53,800 in total die every year from exposure alone. (debateart.com)
It is widely accepted in the scientific and public health communities that secondhand smoke poses significant health risks to children and adults. (ehso.com)
risk in relation to active cigarette smoking and young adults in Ukraine: a cross-sectional household exposure to secondhand cigarette study. (who.int)

Smoke-free policies are needed in Lebanon to protect the of exposure to SHS, a growing number of countries public's health, and should apply to all forms of tobacco have enacted legislation prohibiting indoor smoking smoking. (who.int)
The tobacco industry successfully blocked or displaced strong tobacco control legislation in Costa Rica for nearly 40 years using similar strategies used in the U.S. and the rest of the world, until the country successfully passed a strong tobacco control law in March 2012. (escholarship.org)
During the 1970s and 1980s, the tobacco companies displaced strong tobacco control legislation on tobacco advertising by endorsing weaker executive decrees. (escholarship.org)
Review of tobacco industry documents, tobacco control legislation, newspaper articles, and interviewing of key informants. (escholarship.org)
Tobacco: Al the Facts, Legislation, and How it Affects Your Health. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Do smoking bans really work - and are they enough? (flipscience.ph)
But we are still uncovering the shocking lengths to which the industry has gone to protect itself from public health measures like smoking bans. (prwatch.org)
American Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation the passage of smoking bans in bars. (who.int)

The good news is indoor air pollution is created by us so we can reduce the sources of pollutants. (realfoodforlife.com)
8. Keep the home a smoke free zone - Tobacco smoke contains many pollutants at high concentrations. (realfoodforlife.com)
EPA, in close cooperation with other federal agencies and the private sector, has begun a concerted effort to better understand indoor air pollution and to reduce peoples' exposure to air pollutants in offices, homes, schools and other indoor environments where people live, work and play. (ehso.com)

The high prevalence of secondhand smoke and consequently the increased risk of coronary heart disease in the U.S. general population have important implications for public health. (nationalacademies.org)
The prevalence of asthma is increasing and air pollution is probably part of the reason. (doctorsaputo.com)

Repeated exposure to carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, causes the mutations. (healthywomen.org)

Progress has been made recently in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places in the United States and abroad. (nationalacademies.org)

Upper Hutt City Council smokefree parks for exposure to tobacco smoke. (who.int)

The existence of these studies on secondhand smoke was completely unknown until the tobacco industry's internal documents were made public on the Internet in 1998. (prwatch.org)

4. The principal areas of focus of the strategy include safe drinking-water and sanitation and hygiene, air pollution and clean energy, chemicals and wastes, climate change, vector control and health in the workplace. (who.int)
The U.S. has contributed more heat-trapping pollution than any country over time and has been the prime driver of global climate change. (wyomingpublicmedia.org)

This smoke emanates from the burning end of a cigarette/cigar/pipe/hookah. (ayurvedayoga.com.au)
the mainstream, which is the smoke the person smoking exhales, and the sidestream, which is the smoking coming from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe or cigar. (allergycosmos.co.uk)

Demonstrating that such measures are not limited to high-income countries, 99% of the people newly covered live in low- and middle-income countries.This and future editions of this report are key components of the global tobacco control fight, measuring how much has been achieved and identifying places where more work must be done. (escholarship.org)

A quarter of all cases occur in people who have never smoked. (wikipedia.org)
About the reasons for not quitting smoking, 26% described lack of willpower, 25% had no reason, 22% said that people around me smoke, and 15.3% responded stress at home/work. (who.int)
It's no mystery why people get cancer from radioactive smoke and having radioactive tar stuck in their lungs. (soundofheart.org)
However, since our human culture does not understand its metaphysical properties and how to use it beneficially, in addition to our having a highly corrupt corporate tobacco industry and a lot of really gross commercial "tobacco" that is seen by many as "normal," the harsh effects of this powerful tool misused have come to define for many people what tobacco just "does. (soundofheart.org)
In a typical casual smoking setting, I do not believe it is very common for most people to even think about what one's intentions are when smoking. (soundofheart.org)
In 1972, the U.S. Office of the Surgeon General released its first statement on the public-health hazard to people suffering from coronary heart disease posed by secondhand smoke in The Health Consequences of Smoking (HHS, 1972). (nationalacademies.org)
However, the risk never completely returns to the same risk as that of people who never smoked. (healthywomen.org)
Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.), which creates jobs for 33 million people and contributes two trillion dollars' tax annually, is one of the most important economic plants globally. (tobst-cn.com)
Should people make production and sale of tobacco illegal? (essaywriter.org)
It is estimated that 6,400 people die every year in Mexico City and more than 1 million suffer from permanent breathing problems because of air pollution. (realfoodforlife.com)
Tobacco use kills more than five million people every year - more than HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria combined. (realfoodforlife.com)
People aren't allowed to smoke in schools, hospitals, and government offices, as well as in public transport terminals. (flipscience.ph)
Tobacco hurts the lives of more than those people it sadly takes. (vaporvanity.com)
The campaign was wildly successful and established Philip Morris as a major tobacco player, until, in 1937, seventy-two people died as a result of using a drug called Sulfanalamide Massengill. (naturalnews.com)
Formaldehyde is also a carcinogen and places where people smoke tend to have much higher levels of this chemical. (allergycosmos.co.uk)
The WHO warns against tobacco use which kills about six million people a year globally and imposes a huge burden on the world economy. (cleartheair.org.hk)
He says the surtax the tobacco manufacturer was paying has been removed, and the consumer tax increased, but it should discourage people from picking up the habit, or force them to cut back. (cleartheair.org.hk)
Tobacco companies knew much more about the health hazards of secondhand smoke, and knew it longer ago, than most people realize. (prwatch.org)
Noorhassim and Rampal [9] reported a mul- common, mostly due to presbyacousis as a tiplicative association between occupational normal process of ageing, HL among young noise, age and smoking, a Japanese team people is less common and more frequently reported that smoking was not associated caused by a combination of genetic and with low-frequency hearing loss [ 10 ]. (who.int)
Smoking is a widespread addiction among on hearing may compound the effects of young people and the damage caused by in- exposure to occupational noise. (who.int)
The few reports regarding in specific places, and mainly targeted the relationship between smoking and HL elderly people subjected to occupational, remain equivocal. (who.int)

CONCLUSIONS: There are several avoidable and preventable reasons and barriers against quitting smoking. (who.int)

Meanwhile, 2017 data indicate that 16% of Filipinos aged 13 to 15 use tobacco products, and 12% smoke cigarettes. (flipscience.ph)
However, in Korea, the National Health Promotion Act (2017) [ 14 ] has banned smoking in all middle and high school facilities and grounds, but only in the classroom facilities of colleges. (ophrp.org)

In 1986, it emphasized the need for further examination of the relationship between "involuntary smoking" and cardiovascular disease in The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking (HHS, 1986). (nationalacademies.org)
1974). In addition, the 1990 report The Health Benefits of Smoking Cessation: A Report of the Surgeon General (HHS, 1990) and the National Cancer Institute's Monograph 8: Changes in Cigarette-Related Disease Risks and Their Implications for Prevention and Control (NCI, 1997) discussed the cardiovascular benefits of smoking cessation. (nationalacademies.org)

It is well known that SHS exposure brings about almost the same adverse health outcomes as active smoking [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Concerns around secondhand smoke have played a central role in the debate over the harms and regulation of tobacco products. (wikipedia.org)
Harm to bystanders was perceived as a motivator for stricter regulation of tobacco products. (wikipedia.org)
Despite the industry's awareness of the harms of secondhand smoke as early as the 1980s, the tobacco industry coordinated a scientific controversy with the purpose of stopping regulation of their products. (wikipedia.org)
Several AAs are on the FDA's list of harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) since the passage of The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act in 2009 and the creation of the Center of Tobacco Products (USHHS, 2012). (cdc.gov)
1 This includes but is not limited to, cigarettes, rolled cigarettes, cigars, pipes and water-pipe smoking but also from novel products such as electronic cigarettes. (smokefreegreece.gr)
the Convention's first protocol, aimed at eliminating illicit trade in tobacco products, was approved in 2012. (who.int)
The microbiological composition of tobacco products was studied using culture and chemical analysis (of tobacco leaves) or chemical analysis only (tobacco and tobacco smoke). (tobst-cn.com)
FDA regulations include provisions and prohibitions on the manufacture, sale, and marketing of cigarettes and other tobacco products. (vaporvanity.com)
The FDA is responsible for regulating tobacco products. (vaporvanity.com)
The victory may energize other lawsuits against tobacco companies that knowingly manipulated and sold products designed to addict customers even while it killed them. (naturalnews.com)
A global tobacco treaty put in place in 2005 has helped reduce smoking rates by 2.5 per cent worldwide in 10 years, researchers said, but use of deadly tobacco products could be cut even further with more work on anti-smoking policies. (cleartheair.org.hk)
These articles are unique in that they are the first to have the appearance of conventional tobacco products but contain no tobacco. (cleartheair.org.hk)

Smoking cessation has been associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease. (nationalacademies.org)

Numerous smoke-derived chemicals such as PAHs and aromatic amines can be detoxified by GSTM1. (biomedcentral.com)

Smoking during pregnancy is a well-known risk factor for adverse birth outcomes such as spontaneous abortion [ 4 ], low birth weight, and preterm birth [ 5 ] that, in turn might affect children's development. (biomedcentral.com)

11-13 The US Surgeon General reported in 2006 that sufficient evidence exists to infer a causal relation between parental smoking and OM in children. (bmj.com)

Bladder cancer: A 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis found that secondhand smoke exposure was associated with a significant increase in the risk of bladder cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Their data provide evidence that limitation of secondhand-smoke exposure should reduce risk of mortality from coronary heart disease substantially. (nationalacademies.org)

Tobacco consumption has grave negative consequences for health so that it is important to understand the reasons and motivations towards cigarette smoking and barriers against quitting smoking among the young generation for developing effective policies to control this widespread problem. (who.int)
Air pollution is a major environmen- tal risk to health in both developed and developing countries. (who.int)
Exposure to active smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) causes health concern. (biomedcentral.com)
Anne I appreciate your concern for my health,but quite frankly my dear,the condition our nation,and our world is in, has be a bit nervous;so I am going to smoke a ciggarete now.Hopefully I will suffer a mind nubbing stroke and will no longer be agonized over the things that are being done to myself and my fellow man,that we have absolutely no control over. (prwatch.org)
I want to bring light to how tobacco actually works in order to break down these destructive misunderstandings that are so damaging to people's health and relationship to the spirit of tobacco, so that you may partner with this amazing plant spirit and benefit from her many gifts. (soundofheart.org)
While mainstream media was replete with coverage of the health impacts , rightwing news consumers were hearing something dramatically different- disinformation. (nexusmedianews.com)
The protect the public's health, the current WHO mean PM2.5 concentration in the single venue with guideline for PM2.5 pollution is a daily mean expo- a voluntary smoke-free policy was 6 mg/m3. (who.int)
The possible role of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) in observed trends of OM encounters among children was not previously considered, prior to the increasing awareness of the health consequences of SHS since the mid-1990s. (bmj.com)
However, RENATA's abilityto alert the media and mobilize a coalition of international health advocates to effectivelyinform lawmakers on the importance of the FCTCbetween 2010 and 2012 helped pass a strong tobacco control law in March 2012. (escholarship.org)
Passive exposure to smoke is a major global public health issue. (smokefreegreece.gr)
In our Asthma Health Assessment we will ask you about your present treatment and its potential dangers, lifestyle factors that are important in preventing asthma, the role of tests infrequently used in the mainstream that are very important in dealing with possible underlying causes for asthma, and a variety of possible treatments for asthma and other related. (doctorsaputo.com)
The journal is monthly publishing journal.The main scope of Tobacco Science and Technology) is Agricultural engineering/Agricultural science, Biological Engineering/ Biological science, bio-chemistry, chemistry, public health, pharmaceutical science and so on. (tobst-cn.com)
No one should smoke, because it is hazardous for health as well as safety. (debateart.com)
The Royal College of Physicians in London conducted a study on the health impacts of smoking. (vaporvanity.com)
None of the findings concerning the serious respiratory health effects of secondhand smoke in children were challenged. (ehso.com)
What are the health effects of second-hand smoke? (allergycosmos.co.uk)
In a study published in the Lancet Public Health journal, researchers from Canada's University of Waterloo and the World Health Organisation (WHO) found that while progress against what they called the "global tobacco epidemic" has been substantial, it has still fallen short of the pace called for by the treaty. (cleartheair.org.hk)
Many of the of the tobacco industry 's underhanded strategies and tactics have been exposed, thanks to landmark legal cases and the hard work of public health advocates. (prwatch.org)
A public health study published in 2001 showed that exposure to secondhand smoke for even short periods of time, as little as 30 minutes, causes changes in platelets and cardiac epithelium. (prwatch.org)
Spurred by a 1993 EPA Risk Assessment that declared secondhand smoke a known human carcinogen, and recognizing the danger the secondhand smoke issue held for the cigarette industry, Philip Morris masterminded a massive global effort to confuse and deceive the public about the health hazards of secondhand smoke and to delay laws restricting smoking in indoor public places. (prwatch.org)

Between 1981 and 1989 PM performed at least 115 separate studies at INBIFO on the toxicity of secondhand tobacco smoke. (prwatch.org)

Smoke rises from his dry, cracked lips, smothering his face. (debateart.com)

1242 As of 2003, "secondhand smoke" was the term most used to refer to other people's smoke in the English-language media. (wikipedia.org)

Now, a bill before the Philippine Congress aims to amend the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003 by increasing the scope of the ban to nearly all kinds of indoor public smoking. (flipscience.ph)

Among all smoking-permitted air quality guidelines (AQG)11 for particulate venues, the mean PM2.5 concentration was 342 mg/m3. (who.int)

Since the early 1970s, the tobacco industry has viewed public concern over secondhand smoke as a serious threat to its business interests. (wikipedia.org)

These included tobacco smoking, physical inactivity, quality of diet and excessive alcohol consumption. (naturalnews.com)

We know there's a whole lot of controversy over the plant, and we'd like to point out that radioactive tobacco with poisonous additives is not the same as naturally grown tobacco. (soundofheart.org)
Tobacco is able to pull radioactive elements out of the soil, which means it's monumentally stupid to grow it with radioactive fertilizer, but that's exactly what happens. (soundofheart.org)

We evaluated the association of tobacco-smoke exposure with urinary AAs using sample-weighted multiple linear regression models to control for age, sex, race/ethnicity, diet, and urinary creatinine. (cdc.gov)
The new warnings were authorized by the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act that President Obama signed in 2009. (prwatch.org)
In response to increased tobacco control pressure, the industry successfully weakened the 1995 law by secretly hiring scientific consultants to counter the SHS threat and using the hospitality industry to rollout the Courtesy of Choice program in Costa Rica (then Latin America). (escholarship.org)
Analizar cómo la industria tabacalera influyó en la formulación de las políticas de control del tabaco en Costa Rica. (escholarship.org)
Desde 1995 la industria tabacalera ha ultizado a Costa Rica como piloto para los programas latinoamericanos y ha dominado la formulación de politicas influenciando al Ministerio de Salud, incluyendo negociaciones privadas con la industria tabacalera en violación de las directrices del Articulo 5.3 del Convenio Marco para el Control de Tabaco (CMCT) de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. (escholarship.org)
To analyze how the tobacco industry influenced tobacco control policymaking in Costa Rica. (escholarship.org)
The media and mainstream society are obsessed with terrorism because it offends their sense of control and order. (slingshotcollective.org)
While terrorist attacks shatter the mainstream ideas of stability and total control thereby giving the system a wonderful excuse to increase state power, it's important to keep some perspective on the situation and realize that terrorist attacks are not the greatest threat to world safety. (slingshotcollective.org)
In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act gave the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authority over key aspects of the tobacco industry. (vaporvanity.com)
Fortunately - thanks to effective regulation, study, and control - smoking rates have declined of late. (vaporvanity.com)
The Alliance for the Control of Tobacco welcomes a hike in the federal tobacco tax announced this week by the Trudeau government. (cleartheair.org.hk)
The results of this study provided the background information on the extent of POP contamination in the sediment and highlighted the need to further control pollution in MPAs. (bvsalud.org)

American University of Beirut, the widespread use of the tobacco water-pipe. (who.int)

Anatomy2

Organisms4

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Psychiatry and Psychology8

Phenomena and Processes11

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena12

Technology, Industry, Agriculture10

Information Science5

Named Groups3

Health Care48

Geographicals5

Cigarettes smoked per day3

Sidestream smoke6

Smokers20

Cigarette smoke18

Inhalation7

Smoker4

World Health Organ2

Framework Convent2

FCTC6

Diseases10

Lung18

20202

Deaths10

Cotinine4

Environmental22

Particulate matter1

Passive Smoking9

Carcinogenic4

Thirdhand smoke1

Side stream tobacco smoke1

Concluded that exposure to secondhand smoke1

World's2

British America3

Workplaces and indoor2

Toxic2

Nicotine12

Cause of preventable death1

Adults6

Legislation5

Bans3

Pollutants3

Prevalence2

Carcinogens1

Involuntary exposure1

Exposure to tobacco smoke1

Studies on secondhand smoke1

Climate change2

Cigar2

Global Tobacco Control1

People21

Preventable1

20172

Cardiovascular2

Adverse health outcomes1

Products12

Cessation1

Chemicals1

Children's1

Causal relation1

Secondhand smoke exposure2

Health20

Toxicity1

Rises1

People's1

Indoor public1

PM2.51

1970s1

Consumption1

Radioactive2

Control12

Pipe1