Mrna repressor proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

The genes that code for these mRNAs, called maternal effect genes, encode for proteins that get translated upon fertilization to establish concentration gradients that span the egg. (wikipedia.org)
After the genes for these components are delivered to a cell, the TALE protein finds its target DNA and wraps around it. (science20.com)
One major class of epigenetic effectors is chemical modification of the proteins, known as histones, that anchor chromosomal DNA and control access to the underlying genes. (science20.com)
Together, these results suggest a potential mechanistic link between MeCP2-mediated transcription regulation and mGluR5/FMRP-mediated protein translation regulation through co-regulation of a subset of genes relevant to synaptic functions. (nih.gov)
The investigation revealed effects on classic toxicologic end points, expression of estrogen-regulated genes at mRNA and protein levels, estrogen sensitivity of target genes, and nuclear receptor co-repressor levels. (nih.gov)
Evolutionary studies have demonstrated that the increase in organisms complexity corresponds to a decrease in the abundance of protein-coding genes and a concomitant rise in the number of ncRNAs, indicating that regulatory RNA diversification has been critical to increase vertebrate complexity ( 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
Up- and down-regulated genes include many transcriptional regulators, stress-related proteins, transporters and several enzymes involved in purine metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
previously named HMGI/Y) function as architectural chromatin-binding proteins and are involved in the transcriptional regulation of several genes. (biologists.com)
4. Types of genetic components in the bacterial an DINa: Structural genes Genes for transfer RNA Genes for structural proteins Genes for ribosomes: B. subtilis: git = (nih.gov)
Regulation of action of genes: Induces and Repressors. (nih.gov)
Both regulators are required for high mRNA amounts of the two genes to ensure functional relevant protein synthesis and localization. (leibniz-hki.de)
The carbon catabolite repression, mediated by the catabolite control protein A (CcpA), is used to express genes involved in utilization and metabolism of the preferred carbon source. (sfbbm.fr)
A local deficit of a repressor complex due to the contraction of D4Z4 may cause inappropriate expression of genes. (medscape.com)

Each time an amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis, a tRNA anticodon pairs with its complementary codon on the mRNA molecule, ensuring that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the polypeptide. (genome.gov)
In a cell, antisense DNA serves as the template for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which directs the synthesis of a protein. (genome.gov)
In fragile X, the loss of the mRNA translational repressor FMRP leads to exaggerated protein synthesis downstream of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). (nih.gov)
We found that mGluR5- and protein synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity is similarly altered in area CA1 of Mecp2 KO mice. (nih.gov)
In the Fmr1 KO mouse, chronic treatment with mGluR5 negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) has been shown to ameliorate many mutant phenotypes by correcting excessive protein synthesis. (nih.gov)
A report on the 2nd EMBO Conference on Protein Synthesis and Translational Control, Heidelberg, Germany, 12-16 September 2007. (biomedcentral.com)
The recent EMBO conference on protein synthesis and translational control held at the European Laboratory of Molecular Biology (EMBL) in Heidelberg provided an update on developments in a field that has become a major focus of gene-expression research. (biomedcentral.com)
Another frontier is to understand how the active center on the E. coli 50S subunit catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNA during termination of protein synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
It can inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. (illumina.com)
Proteins from the ISC operon of E. coli constitute the machinery used for the synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters and their delivery to recipient apo-proteins. (wisconsin.edu)
We first encountered small RNAs when studying the regulation of synthesis of a substrate for the energy-dependent proteases, and we continue to see significant overlap between mRNAs regulated by small RNAs and the products of these mRNAs that are regulated by proteolysis. (nih.gov)
DsrA modulates RpoS synthesis by positively affecting translation of this protein by pairing with parts of the RpoS untranslated leader. (nih.gov)
RyhB redirects cellular metabolism to respond to the iron limitation by down-regulating synthesis of non-essential proteins that use Fe. (nih.gov)
If the synthesized protein is a cell surface or secreted protein, its target peptide sequence will be recognized, and the whole complex of the mRNA, ribosome, and newly synthesized peptide will be transferred to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum for further synthesis. (jove.com)
an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. (jove.com)
Translational controls can turn on or off the synthesis of the protein encoded by an mRNA. (utoronto.ca)
In the absence of Rpl22 function, IME1 mRNA synthesis is normal in cultures induced to enter meiosis. (biomedcentral.com)

Combining individual-resolution cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) and mass spectrometry, we show that elevated arginine methylation of SRSF5 and lower phosphorylation levels of cobound SRSF2 enhance shuttling of SRSF5 in P19 cells by modulating protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions. (nih.gov)
Expression of GCN4 is coupled to amino acid levels by a conserved translational control mechanism involving upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in GCN4 mRNA and phosphorylation of the general translation initiation factor eIF2α by protein kinase Gcn2. (nih.gov)
We have been interested in the role of phosphorylation of SR proteins in splicing regulation. (nature.com)
By extensive screening of 100,000 chemical compounds in a chemical library using in vitro phosphorylation assay, we identified several synthetic chemical compounds that inhibit SR protein kinases specifically. (nature.com)
The positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) (CDK9/cyclin T (CycT)) promotes mRNA transcriptional elongation through phosphorylation of elongation repressors and RNA polymerase II. (rcsb.org)
Furthermore, by inhibiting kinase or histone deacetylase activities, and with the help of fusion proteins lacking specific phosphorylation sites, we analyzed the effect of reversible modifications of HMGA1a on chromatin binding. (biologists.com)
Collectively our data show that the kinetic properties of HMGA1a proteins are governed by the number of functional AT-hooks and are regulated by specific phosphorylation patterns. (biologists.com)
Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and proteolytic processing significantly affect the activity of this protein, which can be an activator or a repressor. (nih.gov)

Our findings indicate that posttranslational modification of SR proteins underlies the regulation of their mRNA export activities and distinguishes pluripotent from differentiated cells. (nih.gov)
Depletion of the RNA-binding protein PURA triggers changes in posttranscriptional gene regulation and loss of P-bodies. (nih.gov)
She then moved to the Laboratory of Susan Lindquist at the University of Chicago where she elucidated the role of heat shock proteins in the regulation of mRNA splicing in a yeast model system. (nih.gov)
Since transcription of a gene is the first step of the information flow from DNA to protein, it is the most important step of regulation and has been studied extensively using both experimental and computational techniques [ 8, 14, 15, 30, 33 ]. (iospress.com)
A small domain consisting of 60-65 amino acid residues was detected in the ribosomal protein S4, two families of pseudouridine synthases, a novel family of predicted RNA methylases, a yeast protein containing a pseudouridine synthetase and a deaminase domain, bacterial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases, and a number of uncharacterized, small proteins that may be involved in translation regulation. (embl-heidelberg.de)
DNA- and RNA-binding protein, involved in several nuclear processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, apoptosis and transcription regulation. (nih.gov)
Each of these small RNAs also negatively regulate other mRNAs, providing complex combinatorial regulation. (nih.gov)

We found significant overlap between ribosome-bound transcripts overexpressed in the Mecp2 KO and FMRP mRNA targets. (nih.gov)
This work is divided into two parts: (i) analysis of translation initiation factors and 40S proteins that regulate conformational transitions in scanning 40S subunits to insure high-fidelity selection of AUG start codons, and (ii) studies of the m7G-cap binding initiation factors eIF4F and eIF4B, poly(A)-binding protein (Pab1), and auxiliary DEAD-box helicases Ded1 and Dbp1 that stimulate ribosome attachment and scanning by resolving mRNA structures. (nih.gov)
Maria Selmer (Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden) presented a crystal structure of the 70S ribosome from Thermus thermophilus in complex with mRNA and three tRNAs at 2.8 Å resolution. (biomedcentral.com)
A comparative structure and sequence analysis suggests the existence of a universal stand-by site on the ribosome at the 30S platform dedicated for binding regulatory 5' mRNA elements. (biomedcentral.com)
X-ray studies reported by Lasse Jenner (IGBMC) showed how mRNA is anchored to the 30S ribosomal subunit during initiation and moves inside the ribosome upon transition from initiation to elongation. (biomedcentral.com)
These studies suggest that recognition of the translation initiation region of mRNA by the 30S subunit and conversion of this complex into the 70S ribosome constitute important checkpoints of translation initiation. (biomedcentral.com)
At low temperatures, BipA protein levels increase and are required for optimal ribosome assembly in V. cholerae , suggesting that control of BipA abundance is a mechanism by which bacteria can remodel their proteomes. (elifesciences.org)
These folded mRNA segments may bind to the ribosome, thus blocking translation until the mRNA unfolds. (cnrs.fr)
In the stalled state, the folded mRNA prevents the start codon from reaching the peptidyl-tRNA (P) site inside the ribosome. (cnrs.fr)
Different types of mRNA structures may be accommodated during translation preinitiation and regulate gene expression by transiently stalling the ribosome. (cnrs.fr)
In addition, IME1 transcript is found in polysome fractions isolated from rpl22 mutant cells indicating that mRNA nuclear export and ribosome association occurs. (biomedcentral.com)

Small RNAs that bind Hfq act by pairing to target mRNAs to change mRNA stability and translation. (nih.gov)

While the bacterial small RNAs parallel microRNAs in their ability to affect the stability and translation of target mRNAs, the pathway for their function is rather different. (nih.gov)
While at Stanford I discovered the highly conserved Smaug family of RNA-binding proteins that they regulate the translation and stability of target mRNAs. (utoronto.ca)
In the cytoplasm RNA-binding proteins and regulatory mRNAs act to control of mRNA translation, stability and subcellular localization by binding to target mRNAs. (utoronto.ca)
These regulatory mechanisms are controlled by RNA-binding proteins and regulatory RNAs that interact with target mRNAs, thereby controlling their expression. (utoronto.ca)
By interacting with its target mRNAs or other regulatory RNAs, it allows the bacterium to modify its metabolism to face environmental changes. (sfbbm.fr)

Gene expression can be regulated at the level of initiation of protein biosynthesis via structural elements present in the 5' untranslated region of mRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)

We demonstrate that SCO1678 encodes a repressor of the gluconate operon and that the promoter of gluconate kinase gene SCO1679 is the main target of Sco1678 regulatory action. (hindawi.com)
1991). Subsequent cloning and characterization of ScTor1p and ScTor2p revealed a C-terminal region with homology to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases, although no lipid kinase activity has been attributed to either protein (Kunz et al. (nih.gov)
The switch to pseudohyphal growth requires Ras signaling through Protein Kinase A and is inhibited in response to available nitrogen by Tor1 kinase activation [ 1 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

These proteins recognize specific nucleotide sequences or stem-loop structures formed by the mRNA and can bind different types of mRNA with similar binding features. (jove.com)

SR proteins function in nuclear pre-mRNA processing, mRNA export, and translation. (nih.gov)
This was accompanied by reduced co-repressor N-CoR (nuclear receptor co-repressor) protein in ventral and dorsolateral prostate, whereas steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) protein levels were unaffected. (nih.gov)
The trans -acting elements include mRNA binding proteins that recognize specific sequences or structures formed by the mRNA and, together with RNA, form heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles. (jove.com)
mRNA in these particles is then exported through nuclear pore complexes with the help of exporter proteins that associate with both the mRNA and the nuclear pore complexes. (jove.com)
For example, mRNA is exported through the nuclear pore complexes with the help of an exporter protein, which is a heterodimer of nuclear export factor 1 and nuclear export transporter 1. (jove.com)
This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. (nih.gov)

SRSF5 depletion reduces and overexpression increases their cytoplasmic mRNA levels, suggesting that enhanced mRNA export by SRSF5 is required for the expression of pluripotency factors. (nih.gov)
These localization elements, also known as zip-code regions, can be up to a thousand base pairs in length and determine the cytoplasmic localization of the exported mRNA. (jove.com)
While cytoplasmic mechanisms that control mRNA expression are important in virtually all cell types, there are certain cells where this regulatory mechanisms play very prominent roles. (utoronto.ca)
A multifunctional iron-sulfur protein that is both an iron regulatory protein and cytoplasmic form of aconitate hydratase. (nih.gov)

The MHC class III region encodes heat shock proteins of the 70kDa family. (cdc.gov)
A typical eukaryotic genome encodes several hundred RNA-binding proteins and regulatory RNAs highlighting the wide-spread nature of post-transcriptional control. (utoronto.ca)

To investigate their cellular dynamics, we developed a quantitative assay, which detects differences in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling among seven canonical SR protein family members. (nih.gov)
CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) DNA binding proteins that play important roles in normal cellular differentiation and function in a variety of tissues. (novusbio.com)
STFs that can appropriately target (and release) their transcription factor binding sites on native genomic DNA provide a means to directly influence cellular mRNA production. (biomedcentral.com)
300 proteins in V. cholerae at 22°C, increasing the production of biofilm-related proteins including the key transcriptional activators VpsR and VpsT, as well as proteins important for diverse cellular processes. (elifesciences.org)
Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. (univ-amu.fr)

Digestion of external cellulose requires the action of secreted cellulases, which belong to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family of proteins and hydrolyse β-1,4 glycosidic bonds of the glucose polymer 4 . (nature.com)
The Puf family of proteins are mainly post-transcriptional regulators. (embl-heidelberg.de)

When light hits CRY2, it changes shape and binds to its natural partner protein, known as CIB1. (science20.com)
When light shines on the cells, the CRY2 protein binds to CIB1, which is floating in the cell. (science20.com)
RsaI also binds to the 3′ untranslated region of icaR mRNA encoding the transcriptional repressor of exopolysaccharide production and to sRNAs induced by the uptake of glucose‐6 phosphate or nitric oxide. (sfbbm.fr)
The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to GC-rich motifs of many promoters. (nih.gov)
It binds to iron regulatory elements found on mRNAs involved in iron metabolism and regulates their translation. (nih.gov)
The ternary complex containing UFD1L, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. (nih.gov)

In the area of translational control, we are investigating molecular pathways involved in recruiting mRNAs by the small (40S) ribosomal subunit and scanning of mRNA leaders for the correct AUG start codon. (nih.gov)
This study demonstrates that IME1 mRNA translation requires Rpl22A and Rpl22B, eukaryotic-specific ribosomal protein paralogs of the 60S large subunit. (biomedcentral.com)
Polysome profiles revealed that under conditions of high translational output, Rpl22 maintains high free 60S subunit levels thus preventing halfmer formation, a translation species indicative of mRNAs bound by an unpaired 40S subunit. (biomedcentral.com)

Two previously undetected domains were identified in a variety of RNA-binding proteins, particularly RNA-modifying enzymes, using methods for sequence profile analysis. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Using qPCR, we quantified mRNA every 4 h until 118 h post fertilization and found the expression of biotransformation enzymes (cyp1 family) and the repressor of the AHR (ahr-r) to be dependent on the duration of chemical exposure and the biodegradability of the compounds. (diva-portal.org)
A variety of regulatory proteins including DNA methyltransferases, methyl-CpG binding proteins, histone- modifying enzymes, chromatin remodeling factors, and their multimolecular complexes are involved in the overall epigenetic process. (nih.gov)

Chromatin insulators are DNA-protein complexes localized throughout the genome capable of establishing independent transcriptional domains. (nih.gov)
Bruno Klaholz (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Strasbourg, France) reported a series of cryo-electron microscopy snapshots of prokaryotic ribosomal complexes directly visualizing either the mRNA structure blocked by repressor protein S15 or the unfolded, active mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
One of us (M.R.) reported results from rapid kinetics techniques that show that the structure of the mRNA translation initiation region determines the timing of molecular events leading to formation of elongating 70S ribosomes from the 30S initiation complexes, which reveals a second control step in initiation in addition to formation of the 30S initiation complex. (biomedcentral.com)
Only in the year 2000 it was shown that the protein, which forms stable complexes with 6S RNA is RNA polymerase [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we report a series of cryo-electron microscopy snapshots of ribosomal complexes directly visualizing either the mRNA structure blocked by repressor protein S15 or the unfolded, active mRNA. (cnrs.fr)

This degradation requires the response regulator protein RssB. (nih.gov)
RssB, an adaptor protein for RpoS degradation, affects degradation only of RpoS, and not of other ClpXP substrates, in vivo and in vitro . (nih.gov)
Plays a pivotal role in the pr otein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation (PubMed:21150129, PubMed:21148293, PubMed:24732912, PubMed:27916661, PubMed:23018488). (univ-amu.fr)
In the cytoplasm gene expression is regulated by RNA-binding proteins and regulatory RNAs (represented by the coloured balls) that interact with target transcripts to control mRNA subcellular localization, translational and degradation. (utoronto.ca)
Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins (By similarity). (nih.gov)

Direct and specific chemical control of eukaryotic translation with a synthetic RNA-protein interaction. (nih.gov)
Here, we demonstrate the use of a chemically-inducible RNA-protein interaction to regulate eukaryotic translation. (nih.gov)

The first is a DNA-binding protein known as a transcription activator-like effector (TALE). (science20.com)
CIB1 brings along a gene activator, which initiates transcription, or the copying of DNA into mRNA. (science20.com)
Transcription of a gene is regulated by transcription factor proteins that bind to the regulatory region of the gene also called enhancer. (iospress.com)
While some of the transcription factors are activators and up-regulate the transcription, others are repressor proteins and they slow down the rate of transcription [ 1 ]. (iospress.com)
Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene encoding methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2), an epigenetic regulator of mRNA transcription. (nih.gov)
mRNA was determined in prostate lobes by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and protein was determined by Western blot analysis. (nih.gov)
We managed to illustrate initial transcription processes of the implemented proteins after exposure to two environmentally relevant chemicals: polychlorinated biphenyl 126 (PCB126) and β-Naphthoflavone (BNF). (diva-portal.org)
Acts as a transcriptional repressor through the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor. (nih.gov)
Here, we describe how Tup1, normally a global repressor of gene expression as well as of filamentation, and the transcription factor Ahr1 contribute to full expression of ALS3 and ECE1 in C. albicans hyphae. (leibniz-hki.de)
The transition from mitotic cell division to meiotic development in S. cerevisiae requires induction of a transient transcription program that is initiated by Ime1-dependent destruction of the repressor Ume6. (biomedcentral.com)
The switch from mitotic to meiotic cell divisions requires expression of IME1 , which induces the meiotic transcription program by binding and triggering the destruction of the Ume6 repressor [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Genome-wide sequencing approaches have lead to the discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which account for approximately 98% of the entire genome output, compared to the remaining 2% corresponding to protein-coding transcripts ( 14 ). (frontiersin.org)
A number of small RNAs were found to regulate major cell surface proteins, including proteins implicated in attachment of bacteria to surfaces. (nih.gov)
In my lab we are interested in understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the function of RNA-binding proteins and regulatory RNAs and the biologic roles that these regulatory events play. (utoronto.ca)

An analysis of the mRNA reveals that the mutation promotes exon skipping and restores the open reading frame of dystrophin. (nature.com)
Therefore, we searched for small chemicals that enhance exon skipping, and found that TG003 promotes the skipping of exon 31 in the endogenous dystrophin gene in a dose-dependent manner and increases the production of the dystrophin protein in the patient's cells. (nature.com)
Functional studies in cell lines show that ERα promotes C/EBPD protein stability, and that C/EBPD attenuates cell growth, motility and invasiveness by inhibiting expression of the SNAI2 (Slug) transcriptional repressor, leading to expression of CDKN1A (p21CIP1/WAF1). (nih.gov)

Free ribosomes bind to mRNA and start the process of the translation to produce proteins. (jove.com)

This gene product is a sequence-specific, single-stranded DNA-binding protein. (nih.gov)
TALEs are modular proteins that can be strung together in a customized way to bind any DNA sequence. (science20.com)
A protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids (called polypeptides) whose sequence is encoded in a gene. (genome.gov)
An anticodon is a trinucleotide sequence located at one end of a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule, which is complementary to a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence. (genome.gov)
Sequence-specific RNA-protein interactions, though commonly used in biological systems to regulate translation, are challenging to selectively modulate. (nih.gov)
UTR) of an mRNA, translation of a downstream coding sequence is directly controlled by TetR and tetracycline analogs. (nih.gov)
6S RNA from E. coli is transcribed together with the gene ygfA , whose protein product shows sequence similarity to methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase. (biomedcentral.com)
If the final protein carries a target sequence for an organelle, it will be directed to the respective organelle. (jove.com)
Probe Set ID Ref Seq Protein ID Signal Strength Name Gene Symbol Species Function Swiss-Prot ID Amino Acid Sequence 1367452_at NP_598278 16.8 small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 precursor Sumo2 Rattus norvegicus " Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. (nih.gov)

The efficacy of macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses relies on the coordinated expression of key proteins involved in macrophage activation and polarization processes, whose expression is finely regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels ( 4 - 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. (jove.com)

Posterior patterning in the Drosophila embryo requires the action of Nanos (Nos) and Pumilio (Pum), which collaborate to regulate the translation of maternal hunchback (hb) mRNA. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Here, we utilized RNA-affinity pulldown coupled with mass spectrometry to identify a novel RNA-binding protein, Isha (CG4266), that associates with su(Hw) mRNA in vitro and in vivo. (nih.gov)
We also examine the in vivo functions of general repressors of translation, Scd6, Pat1, and helicase Dhh1 in sculpting the yeast translatome in response to nutrient starvation and stress. (nih.gov)
Finally, in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that ACDPs could reduce the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and downregulate the expression of cell cycle-related proteins, contributing to the decreased growth of liver cancer. (bvsalud.org)
We have used cells expressing proteins fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to analyze the distribution and dynamics of HMGA1a in vivo. (biologists.com)

mRNA stabilities can vary from less than a minute to many hours with a long-lived transcript having the potential to encode more protein than does a short-lived one. (utoronto.ca)

It was previously reported that the Drosophila su(Hw) mRNA physically associates with the gypsy chromatin insulator protein complex within the nucleus and may serve a noncoding function to affect insulator activity. (nih.gov)
In Drosophila , ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) impairment leads to enhancement of CGG-repeat-induced degeneration, whereas overexpression of the chaperone protein HSP70 suppresses this toxicity. (sdbonline.org)
Drosophila embryos stained to show the distribution of nanos mRNA (in blue) and Nanos protein (in red/brown). (utoronto.ca)

The developing egg (oocyte) is polarized by differentially localized mRNA molecules. (wikipedia.org)
These isoforms are differentially translated from the same mRNA. (novusbio.com)

It was during this time that I developed an interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms that control mRNA translation, stability and subcellular localization. (utoronto.ca)
After an mRNA is transcribed and processed in the nucleus it is transported to the cytoplasm where its expression can be regulated at the level of translation, stability and subcellular localization. (utoronto.ca)
Subcellular localization of an mRNA acts as a mechanism to control the localization of encoded protein. (utoronto.ca)
As such the only mechanisms that can control the expression of mRNAs in early embryos involve controlling their translation, stability and subcellular localization. (utoronto.ca)

Acute repression of AR and IGF-1 mRNAs by E 2 , studied in ventral prostate, was reduced by 4-MBC exposure. (nih.gov)
Failure of translational repression in the phage f2 op3 mutant is not due to an altered coat protein-RNA interaction. (colorado.edu)
Smaug represses the translation of unlocalized nanos mRNA, while nanos mRNA localized to the posterior of the embryo escapes this repression resulting in Nanos protein specifically accumulating to the posterior. (utoronto.ca)

We verified that HSP70 mRNA was up-regulated over 10-fold by real time quantification (Taqman TM PCR). (cdc.gov)

4. Molecular and biological functions of TRIM-NHL RNA-binding proteins. (nih.gov)

Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. (jove.com)

In order to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the regulating mechanisms of the aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor (AHR) in zebrafish embryos, we aimed to elucidate the interaction of proteins taking part in this signaling pathway during early development of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) after chemical exposure. (diva-portal.org)

6. The mRNA repressor TRIM71 cooperates with Nonsense-Mediated Decay factors to destabilize the mRNA of CDKN1A/p21. (nih.gov)

C/EBP beta has three isoforms, two activator, (LAP* and LAP) and a repressor (LIP). (novusbio.com)
In the first group, we assume that repressor and activator proteins compete for binding to the same regulatory site on DNA (competitive mechanisms). (iospress.com)
For both competitive and noncompetitive mechanisms, we studied the gene expression dynamics by increasing the repressor or decreasing the activator abundance (inhibition mechanisms), or by decreasing the repressor or increasing the activator abundance (activation mechanisms). (iospress.com)
The competitive and noncompetitive inhibition mechanisms through decreased activator abundance show comparable and moderate response times, while the competitive and noncompetitive activation mechanisms by increased activator protein level display more effective and faster response. (iospress.com)

Overexpression of miR-448 reduced both the mRNA and protein levels of KDM2B, whereas KDM2B re-expression abrogated the miR-448-mediated glycolytic activities. (oncotarget.com)

The new system can also be used to study epigenetic modifications - chemical alterations of the proteins that surround DNA - which are also believed to play an important role in learning and memory. (science20.com)
The researchers showed that they can also alter these epigenetic modifications by fusing TALE proteins with histone modifiers. (science20.com)

CDK9 activity and recognition of regulatory proteins are governed by autophosphorylation. (rcsb.org)

18. The mammalian TRIM-NHL protein TRIM71/LIN-41 is a repressor of mRNA function. (nih.gov)
The advance in optogenetics, which uses proteins that change their function in response to light, is possible because researchers adapted light-sensitive proteins to either stimulate or suppress the expression of a specific target gene almost immediately after the light comes on. (science20.com)
Description of the protein which includes the UniProt Function and the NCBI Gene Summary. (nih.gov)

For a more-detailed investigation on the interaction of HMGA1a with chromatin, the contribution of the AT-hook DNA-binding motifs was analyzed using point-mutated HMGA1a-GFP proteins. (biologists.com)
The regulated dynamic properties of HMGA1a fusion proteins indicate that HMGA1 proteins are mechanistically involved in local and global changes in chromatin structure. (biologists.com)

Expression of CEBPD but not CEBPB mRNA in combination with IL6 correlates with lower risk of progression in ER+ breast cancer patients. (nih.gov)

Androgen receptor (AR), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), ER-α, and ER-β expression in prostate were altered at mRNA and protein levels, with stronger effects in dorsolateral than ventral prostate. (nih.gov)
The SR protein SC35 self-regulates its expression by stimulating unproductive splicing events in the 3' untranslated region of its own pre-mRNA. (ens-lyon.fr)

Insect juvenile hormone (JH) and its hemolymph transport protein, juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) play key roles in the development of many insects. (wisconsin.edu)
The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific roles during different stages of the mRNA transport. (jove.com)
The roles that ribosomal proteins (RPs) themselves play in regulating translation initiation are less well understood. (biomedcentral.com)

The structure of threonyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNA(Thr) complex enlightens its repressor activity and reveals an essential zinc ion in the active site. (proteopedia.org)
Sankaranarayanan R, Dock-Bregeon AC, Romby P, Caillet J, Springer M, Rees B, Ehresmann C, Ehresmann B, Moras D. The structure of threonyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNA(Thr) complex enlightens its repressor activity and reveals an essential zinc ion in the active site. (proteopedia.org)
Predicted to enable mRNA 3'-UTR binding activity and mRNA base-pairing translational repressor activity. (mcw.edu)
We did not find a clear relation between the amount of transcripts and activity of the induced CYP-proteins, so posttranscriptional mechanisms are likely to regulate biotransformation of BNF. (diva-portal.org)
Regulates E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF19A (By similarity). (nih.gov)

However, response time is fastest in the noncompetitive inhibition mechanism due to increased repressor abundance, and slowest in the competitive inhibition mechanism by increased repressor level. (iospress.com)
The earlier finding that CGG repeats support RAN translation to produce homopolymeric proteins containing polyglycine and (in cell culture models) polyalanine suggests one possible mechanism by which this might occur. (sdbonline.org)

Proteolysis Targeting Chimaeras (PROTAC) are hetero-bifunctional molecules which incorporate a known binding moiety to the protein of interest (POI, e.g. an inhibitor), coupled to a ligand for an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. (le.ac.uk)

8. A congenital hydrocephalus-causing mutation in Trim71 induces stem cell defects via inhibiting Lsd1 mRNA translation. (nih.gov)

E. coli threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS) is a class II enzyme that represses the translation of its own mRNA. (proteopedia.org)

Combining the results of SCO1678 knockout, transcriptional analysis of gnt operon, and Sco1678 protein-DNA electromobility shift assays, we established that Sco1678 protein controls the gluconate operon. (hindawi.com)

An amino acid is the fundamental molecule that serves as the building block for proteins. (genome.gov)

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a nonstructural matricellular protein that regulates cell-matrix interactions leading to alterations in cell adhesion and proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Bioinformatics Analysis to Identify RNA-Protein Interactions in Oogenesis. (colorado.edu)

These findings indicate that Rpl22A and Rpl22B are required to selectively translate IME1 mRNA that is required for meiotic induction and subsequent gametogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms10

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Genes13

Synthesis17

Phosphorylation8

Regulation7

Ribosome11

Pairing to target mRNAs1

Target mRNAs5

Untranslated region of mRNAs1

Kinase3

Types of mRNA1

Nuclear6

Cytoplasmic4

Encodes2

Cellular5

Family of proteins2

Binds6

Subunit3

Enzymes3

Complexes5

Degradation5

Eukaryotic2

Transcription11

RNAs3

Promotes3

Ribosomes1

Sequence9

Post-transcriptional2

Regulate the translation1

Vivo4

Encode1

Drosophila3

Differentially2

Localization4

Repression3

HSP701

Molecular1

Bind1

Signaling pathway1

CDKN1A1

Activator4

Overexpression1

Epigenetic2

Regulatory proteins1

Function3

Chromatin2

CEBPB1

Expression2

Roles3

Activity5

Mechanism2

Molecules1

Induces1

TRNA1

Operon1

Molecule1

Interactions2

Selectively1