• Active site of the mRNA-capping enzyme guanylyltransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: similarity to the nucleotidyl attachment motif of DNA and RNA ligases. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2007 Rissland and Norbury 2009 The uridylation regularity was improved in mutants faulty of deadenylase and decapping enzyme (mRNAs may also be at the mercy of uridylation (Sement et al. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • This CCA deactivation is reversible and quickly repairable by the CCA-adding enzyme [ATP(CTP):tRNA nucleotidyltransferase]. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. (nih.gov)
  • This enzyme catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of a single strand of DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus reducing the number of supercoils and altering the topology of DNA. (nih.gov)
  • Identification and DNA sequence of the large subunit of the capping enzyme from Shope fibroma virus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Homology scores and assays of viral cores indicate that SFV D3R encodes the large subunit of the SFV mRNA capping enzyme. (ox.ac.uk)
  • DNA ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the ligation reaction, ligation is the process of joining various types of DNA fragments. (microbenotes.com)
  • The enzyme DNA ligases were firstly isolated from E. coli in 1967, and several DNA ligases were discovered in 1967and 1968. (microbenotes.com)
  • DNA ligases are classified into two categories based on source, the enzyme requires either ATP or NAD + as a cofactor. (microbenotes.com)
  • The enzyme found in Haemophilus influenza consists of 268 amino acids, and larger cellular ligases such as human DNA ligase I consist of 912 amino acids, and IV consist of 844 amino acids. (microbenotes.com)
  • We classified 363 of the 723 genes for which a Gene Ontology annotation for molecular function could be attributed and found 'DNA binding' and 'enzyme' the most represented terms. (xenbase.org)
  • This protein was found to also interact with DNA polymerase alpha/primase and mediate the phosphorylation of the large p180 subunit, which suggests a regulatory role in DNA replication during the S-phase of the cell cycle. (cancerindex.org)
  • tRNA nucleotidyltransferase (N2), proteasome subunit (EC 3.4.25.1) (N3), probable exosome complex RNA-binding proteins 1 (N4), huge ribosomal subunit proteins Retigabine tyrosianse inhibitor L37 Ae (N5) huge ribosomal subunit proteins L15electronic (N7), ribonuclease P (tRNA processing) proteins element 3 (EC 3.1.26.5) (N8), ribonuclease P protein element 2 (EC 3.1.26.5) (N9), prefoldin, chaperonin cofactor (N10), and a predicted exosome subunit containing the IMP4 domain within small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (N11). (cancercurehere.com)
  • Elongating RNA polymerase II is targeted by macromolecular assemblies that regulate mRNA synthesis and processing. (mskcc.org)
  • Furthermore because previous research examined several specific mRNAs by Competition and small-scale cloning it continued to be to become tested if uridylation occurs internationally and if the noticed adjustments in uridylation and poly(A) duration are statistically significant. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • This cleavage, however, does not significantly reduce the level of mature tRNAs, which implies that tiRNAs may rather act as a signal transducer to modulate translation of specific mRNAs, than to globally repress translation [18] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • PNPT1 (polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1, mitochondirla) is a RNA-binding protein implicated in numerous RNA metabolic processes. (thermofisher.com)
  • In Cryptococcus neoformans , where changes in ancestral DNA methylation can potentially persist for millions of years, methyltransferases copy methylation patterns upon DNA replication 6 . (nature.com)
  • protein_coding" "Cz03g40300.t1","No alias","Chromochloris zofingiensis","Pre-mRNA processing factor 4 (PRP4)-like [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • protein_coding" "Cz05g30030.t1","No alias","Chromochloris zofingiensis","mRNA splicing factor Cwf21 domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Cells maintain their internal homeostasis by adequate reprogramming of metabolic activities at all levels of gene expression, including chromatin remodeling, mRNA expression and degradation, translation and protein degradation. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Protein citrullination is associated with several physiological processes, including the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, neutrophil extracellular trap formation and DNA damage-induced apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is required for correct processing and polyadenylation of mitochondrial mRNAs. (thermofisher.com)
  • We conclude that nuclear histones, as key constituents of chromatin, are essential in suppressing the immunogenicity of self-DNA. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In genetically uncharacterized cases of the type I interferonopathy Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, we identified biallelic mutations in LSM11 and RNU7-1, which encode components of the replication-dependent histone pre-mRNA-processing complex. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Rare mutations in genome sequence that result from failed DNA repair are transmitted across generations through DNA replication during each cell division. (nature.com)
  • DNA ligase plays a vital role in DNA replication , DNA repair, and DNA recombination. (microbenotes.com)
  • Suppression of mRNA decay elements leads towards the deposition of oligo-uridylated mRNAs. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • Our research explains the system root selective GZ-793A uridylation of deadenylated mRNAs and demonstrates a simple function of oligo-U-tail being a molecular tag for global mRNA decay. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • 2013 although two various other TUTs (TUT1/MTPAP/PAPD1 and TUT3/PAPD5/TRF4-2) had been proposed within an previous research (Mullen and Marzluff 2008 Uridylation induces fast decay of histone mRNA through both 5′-3′ degradation by XRN1 DCP2 and LSM1 as well as the 3′-5′ degradation by exosome and ERI1 (3′hExo) (Hoefig et al. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • instead of to control the GZ-793A speed of mRNA decay. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • 2014 Oddly enough uridylation occurs not merely on poly(A)-missing mRNAs but also on poly(A)+ mRNAs as proven first GZ-793A using the actin ((Rissland et al. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • As a result although these observations are interesting it had been unclear if uridylation includes a conserved function across types and whether pet poly(A)+ mRNAs may also be uridylated. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • ARID DNA-binding domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • DNA polymerase, Y-family, little finger domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Whereas eukaryotic DNA ligases are ATP-dependent bacteria, archaea and virus DNA ligases are both NAD+ and ATP dependent. (microbenotes.com)
  • Most eukaryotic DNA ligases use ATP as a cofactor, including bacteriophage, archaeal, and eubacteria DNA ligases. (microbenotes.com)
  • DNA ligase belongs to the nucleotide transferase superfamily, including RNA ligases and mRNA capping enzymes. (microbenotes.com)
  • In Caenorhabditis elegans , RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs) are used for the small RNA-guided production of additional small RNAs 8 that are complementary to terminally modified mRNA fragments 9 . (nature.com)
  • However, the mere presence of small RNAs (Supplementary Table 1 ) or terminally modified mRNA fragments 9 does not result in indefinite RNA silencing. (nature.com)
  • In cells depleted of TUT4/7 almost all mRNAs get rid of the oligo-U-tails and their half-lives are expanded. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • But curiously mutation didn't have a significant effect on mRNA turnover and rather inhibited trimming of mRNA through the 3′ end (Sement et al. (researchtoactionforum.org)
  • We analyzed the genotoxic activity of inhaled bitumen fumes generated under those controlled conditions through the induction of mutation and DNA adducts in Big Blue mice. (cnrs.fr)
  • DNA ligase joins the DNA molecule covalently by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides. (microbenotes.com)
  • Our objective was to determine if CDK2AP1 mRNA expression levels were consistent with tumour-suppressive functions in breast cancer. (cancerindex.org)
  • However, a sizeable set of cellular mRNAs are initiated in an eIF2-independent manner, which allows for escaping the global kinase-dependent inhibition of translation initiation [3] , [4] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • The size of DNA ligases is different from organism to organism. (microbenotes.com)
  • Viral ATP-dependent DNA ligases are generally small in size. (microbenotes.com)
  • Many DNA ligases also contain a non-catalytic domain that is conserved, but the function of this domain is unknown. (microbenotes.com)
  • NAD + dependent ligases have a central ligase catalytic core which is composed of oligonucleotide binding fold domain and nucleotidyltransferase domain. (microbenotes.com)
  • Bacterial DNA ligases are NAD + dependent ligases. (microbenotes.com)
  • While some bacteria, archaea, and viruses, DNA ligases are both NAD+ and ATP dependent. (microbenotes.com)
  • Previous studies with rodents exposed to bitumen and coal-tar fume condensates showed formation of DNA adducts. (cnrs.fr)
  • Now day purified DNA ligase is isolated in the laboratory, which is used in gene cloning to join DNA molecules together to form recombinant DNA. (microbenotes.com)
  • It ligates DNA during the process of nucleotide excision repair and recombinant fragment. (microbenotes.com)
  • Following a 30-day fixation period, the experiment was terminated and lung DNA was extracted for mutant frequency and adduct determinations. (cnrs.fr)
  • Gera R, Mokbel L, Jiang WG, Mokbel K mRNA Expression of Cancer Genomics Proteomics. (cancerindex.org)
  • To our knowledge, this is the first study in the literature to examine the mRNA expression of CDK2AP1 in human breast cancer over a long-term follow-up period. (cancerindex.org)
  • TERT expression is associated with metastasis from thin primaries, exhausted CD4+ T cells in melanoma and with DNA repair across cancer entities. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, (d) global hypomethylation of 5'-m 7 G cap of mRNAs could also up-regulate expression of p27. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overview of expression, redundancy and DNA sequence data. (xenbase.org)
  • Given the considerable time needed to activate new genes and/or de novo synthesize mRNA, the translation of existing mRNAs provides the necessary plasticity for the cell to selectively and rapidly respond to stress [1] , [2] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Energy is required for the joining of nicks (nicks lack the phosphodiester linkage between the nucleotide sequence) of DNA. (microbenotes.com)
  • Lu D , Zhai J # , Xi M # (2022) Regulation of DNA Methylation During Plant Endosperm Development. (jixianzhai.org)
  • DNA ligase forms a bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone to fully repair the DNA. (microbenotes.com)
  • DNA ligase II: purification or excision repair of alternatively spliced form of DNA ligase III found in non-dividing cells. (microbenotes.com)
  • DNA ligase IV: homologous recombination repair and important in immune cell development and other activities critical to a normal cell. (microbenotes.com)
  • CDK2AP1 mRNA levels were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and normalised against glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA. (cancerindex.org)
  • The final phosphodiester linkage between the 5'-phosphate group on the DNA chain synthesized by DNA polymerase III and the 3'-hydroxyl group on the chain made by DNA polymerase I is catalyzed by DNA ligase. (microbenotes.com)
  • CDK2AP1 mRNA levels were higher in TNM1 compared to TNM3 (p=0.016) and with TNM4 (p=0.016). (cancerindex.org)
  • There was no significant difference in overall survival between patients with high and those with low CDK2AP1 mRNA levels after a median follow-up of 10 years (Kaplan-Meier analysis, p=0.872). (cancerindex.org)
  • DNA ligase III: It is the only mammalian ligase that is found in mitochondria. (microbenotes.com)