Mrna 1999 transcription factors apoptosis regulatory proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Conserved transcription factor-binding sites within promoter regions of human RON genes were then searched. (spandidos-publications.com)
As opposed to other styles of muscles dystrophy, where mutations take place in genes encoding structural protein, calpainopathy was the initial reported kind of dystrophy predetermined by mutations within a gene encoding a proteolytic enzyme. (exposed-skin-care.net)
AhR regulates the transcription of diverse genes through binding to the xenobiotic-responsive element (XRE). (biomedcentral.com)
Our data show that the stable knockdown of HIPK2 led to wtp53 misfolding, as detected by p53 immunoprecipitation with conformation-specific antibodies, and that p53 protein misfolding impaired p53 DNA binding and transcription of target genes. (aacrjournals.org)
We present evidence that zinc supplementation to HIPK2i cells increased p53 reactivity to conformation-sensitive PAb1620 (wild-type conformation) antibody and restored p53 sequence-specific DNA binding in vivo and transcription of target genes in response to Adriamycin treatment. (aacrjournals.org)
These effects of choline are correlated with modifications in histone and DNA methylation in brain, and with alterations in the expression of genes that encode proteins important for learning and memory processing, suggesting a possible epigenomic mechanism of action. (mdpi.com)
ADARs have been shown to contribute to disease pathologies by editing of glutamate receptors, editing of serotonin receptors, mutations in ADAR genes, and by other mechanisms, including recently identified regulatory roles in microRNA processing. (biomedcentral.com)
To date, it is well known that lncRNAs participate in chromatin modifications and transcriptional and translational regulation of protein-encoding genes or regulate protein function and activity through specific binding [ 3 - 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
These genes, encoding for RNA binding proteins, contain a highly conserved RNA recognition motif and at least one DAZ repeat encoding for a 24 amino acids sequence able to bind other mRNA binding proteins. (ijbs.com)
DAZ (Deleted in Azoospermia) family genes are important fertility factors in many animals including humans. (ijbs.com)
TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that functions in modifying DNA errors and/or inducing apoptosis of damaged cells, and both APC and BECN1 genes are involved in CRC and are of importance in cellular growth and metastasis. (scielo.br)
Among 82 newly discovered breast-cancer-related miRNAs, 35 can potentially regulate 271 protein-coding genes based on their sequence complementarity and expression profiles. (biomedcentral.com)
By integrating miRNA and mRNA expression profiles, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes involved in several hallmarks of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to numerous protein-coding genes, many microRNAs (miRNAs) also play important roles in breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
Genes that encode highly conserved TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that control positional identity of cells (BODY PATTERNING) and MORPHOGENESIS throughout development. (lookformedical.com)
The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)
This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
The Human Genome Project has revealed that protein-coding genes represent less than 2% of the total genome sequence [ 7 ], and the remaining greater portion of human genomes are regarded as "junk DNAs", for they do not encode any protein. (oncotarget.com)
As a transcription factor that both activates and represses target genes p53 demands a highly complicated network to control and fine-tune responses to the different stress-signals encountered [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Over-expressed MS1 co-localized with actin in H9c2 cells and altered expression of genes of the myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF)/serum response factor (SRF) transcriptional pathways and in addition the apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (Nol3) gene. (westminster.ac.uk)
Familial AD (FAD) cases are caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the genes for amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the presenilins (PS1 and PS2) ( Sisodia and St George-Hyslop, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
Whole exome sequencing of patients who experienced severe influenza reveals several genes, including scaffold protein AHNAK, with predicted loss-of-function variants that are also identified in our proteomic analyses. (cdc.gov)

The Bcl-x(L) isoform inhibits apoptosis, whereas Bcl-x(S) can induce apoptosis[ 10 ]. (berkeley.edu)
Bak BH3 peptides antagonize Bcl-xL function and induce apoptosis through cytochrome c-independent activation of caspases. (lookformedical.com)

post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, O-GlcNAcylation, and proteolytic processing significantly affect the activity of this protein, which can be an activator or a repressor. (wikipedia.org)
Low PDCD4 level was associated with reduced proliferation but not apoptosis or phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase caused by pulsatile shear stress to help maintain the homeostasis of endothelial cells. (plos.org)
The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
Phosphorylation by mTOR of 4E-BP1 disrupts its binding to eIF4E, a protein that binds the 5'-cap structure of mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
Each stage of the cell cycle is profiled by distinct protein complexes and phosphorylation events. (janechin.net)
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation, can regulate the function of proteins, determine the active state and subcellular location of proteins, and dynamically interact with other proteins related to carcinogenesis and progression ( 17 - 20 ). (frontiersin.org)
Activation of p53-mediated gene transcription is a critical cellular response to DNA damage and involves a phosphorylation-acetylation cascade of p53. (biomedcentral.com)
Stress-induced modifications of p53 variously implicated in protein stability and/or transcriptional activity include phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitylation, as well as conformational changes and interactions with other proteins [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

Most of these paracrine secretions include soluble factors and exosomes, which regulate the repair and regeneration processes at sites of damage by affecting cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
By transporting "cargos" such as proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and lipids [ 26 ], exosomes regulate the eventual fate of recipient cells. (hindawi.com)
These results suggest that chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fu may down-regulate telomerase activity at both transcriptional level and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-dependent post-transcriptional level to facilitate hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Our simulations show that, if HMGB1 is overexpressed, then the oncoproteins CyclinD/E, which regulate cell proliferation, are overexpressed, while tumor suppressor proteins that regulate cell apoptosis (programmed cell death), such as p53, are repressed. (biomedcentral.com)
The localization of DAZ family proteins suggests that they can regulate mRNA translation occurring in the cytoplasm. (ijbs.com)
Dazl can regulate the expression, transport and localization of target mRNAs of proteins which control the differentiation, growth and maturation of germ cells. (ijbs.com)
1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. (stanford.edu)

RON is activated in response to macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), and then induces an invasive program ( 8 ) consisting of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, all of which are important at multiple points during tumorigenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Gain of function and loss of function experiments showed that PDCD4 induced turnover (proliferation and apoptosis) of HUVECs. (plos.org)
PDCD4 induces turnover (proliferation and apoptosis) of HUVECs. (plos.org)
Additionally, DBC1 knockdown eliminated the up-regulation of MMP7, EMT-related proteins, and cell cycle-related proteins as well as the enhanced proliferation and invasiveness induced by ZNF326. (cancerindex.org)
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway is involved in multiple cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
PI3K activates a number of signaling molecules, among which the Akt/mTOR pathway is of particular interest because of its role in inhibiting apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent studies have found that overexpression of the High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein, in conjunction with its receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), is associated with proliferation of various cancer types, including that of the breast and pancreatic. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, a number of extracellular proteins can bind to their receptors and activate signaling pathways that promote the proliferation of cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The HMGB1 signal transduction can influence the cell's fate by two important processes - apoptosis and cell proliferation - which are regulated respectively by the proteins p53 and CyclinE, acting in two different signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
CyclinE is a cell cycle regulatory protein which regulates the G1-S phase transition during cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Integration of intracellular metabolic states with extracellular signals leads to proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, or quiescence. (janechin.net)
At the same time, arsenide trioxide and 5-azacitidine are associated with the inhibition of cellular proliferation of acute leukemia cells and also promote the elevated expression of TGF- β signaling pathway-linked proteins, including TGF- β , Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4. (hindawi.com)
The TGF-β family forms an important group of growth factors, consisting of three isoforms in man, and is important for matrix deposition because it modulates fibroblast recruitment and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Some lncRNAs affect the growth and development of breast cancer by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and others are involved in invasion and metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer [ 6 ]. (jcancer.org)
Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
ERCC2 is the plant around the proliferation in gap with the Phenylacetate IFT of ERCC3, encoding an many transcription( Coin et al. (evakoch.com)
Although lncRNAs cannot encode any functional protein, they are involved in diverse biological processes, playing essential roles in maintaining cell growth, differentiation and proliferation [ 13 - 15 ]. (oncotarget.com)

It can also compete with eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)4G and RNA for eIF4A binding and trap eIF4A in an inactive conformation to inhibit translation initiation via its two highly conserved MA3 domains [3] - [6] . (plos.org)
These proteins have a highly conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM) for binding target mRNAs and at least one characteristic sequence of 24 amino acids, which are termed as DAZ repeats [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)

After mRNA processing, most transcripts are exported to the cytoplasm for translation into protein. (berkeley.edu)
In the cytoplasm, mRNAs gradually loose their poly-adenosine tails. (berkeley.edu)
DAZ family proteins are located in the nucleus and/or in the cytoplasm of male and female germ cells at different developmental stages throughout the gametogenesis. (ijbs.com)

The number of protein products produced by any single mRNA can vary widely. (berkeley.edu)
Through alternative splicing, multiple transcripts are produced from a single mRNA precursor, widely expanding proteome diversity. (biomedcentral.com)

Androgen deprivation therapy induces apoptosis or cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer (PCa) cells. (oncotarget.com)
The BH3-mimetic Obatoclax induces apoptosis and decreases MCL1 expression in androgen-sensitive PCa cells, while castration-resistant PCa cells are less sensitive and react with an upregulation of MCL1 expression. (oncotarget.com)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Furthermore, the deleterious aftereffect of missense mutations can occur not merely from immediate disruption of CAPN3 function(s), but additionally from disruption from the protein's structural integrity, that could affect its intra or intermolecular protein lead and interactions to decreased stability or altered localization. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Moreover, the models also predict that mutations of RAS, ARF and P21 in the context of HMGB1 signaling can influence the cancer cell's fate - apoptosis or survival - through the crosstalk of different pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
In this paper, we ask the following questions: How do these proteins and their mutations change the cell's fate - apoptosis or survival - when HMGB1 signal transduction is activated? (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in the gene for the antennapedia homeodomain protein are associated with the conversion of antenna to leg or leg to antenna DROSOPHILA. (lookformedical.com)

There was also an upregulation in expression of positive regulators and key components of the AMPK pathway, autophagy, proteasome function, and the unfolded protein response. (nature.com)
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β) signals through a serine/threonine-kinase receptor pathway. (janechin.net)
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that has been found to play a major role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
Proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have been identified as SUMOylated substrates, and evidences suggested that the initiation and progression of cancers depended on the function of the SUMOylation ( 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
By combining gene functional and pathway annotation with miRNA-mRNA interactions, we created a PyMT-specific tripartite miRNA-mRNA-pathway network and identified novel functional regulatory programs (FRPs). (biomedcentral.com)
The metabolic abnormalities of type 2 diabetes, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, activate the Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, a major intracellular inflammatory cascade that transmits the intracellular signaling to the nucleus ( 2 ), promoting inflammatory response, inducing insulin resistance ( 3 ), and accelerating the development of cardiovascular complications ( 4 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Regardless of the etiology, a deficiency of cyclooxygenase (COX), a key regulatory enzyme in the synthetic pathway of eicosanoid production, results in beneficial and detrimental physiologic conditions relative to imbalances of the eicosanoids. (medscape.com)

This family, which includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), plays a pivotal role in normal cell growth, lineage determination, repair, and functional differentiation. (medscape.com)
This study confirms that alterations in the expression of exosomal miRNAs can promote osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs, which also provides the foundation for further research on the regulatory functions of exosomal miRNAs in the context of ADSC osteogenesis. (hindawi.com)
The power of the thiol proteinases to cleave a multitude of substrates in response to calcium mineral activation allows their involvement in a variety of cell processes offering cell motility, sign transduction, apoptosis, cell differentiation and legislation of the cytoskeleton (3). (exposed-skin-care.net)
Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

SP1 knockdown by siRNA abolished the DFP-induced increase in the mRNA levels of FTMT, indicating SP1-mediated regulation of FTMT expression in the presence of DFP. (wikipedia.org)
The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
If some important proteins are mutated or there are defects in the signaling mechanisms, normal cell growth regulation will break down, possibly leading to the occurrence of cancer in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
Lipid bilayer regulation of membrane protein function: gramicidin channels as molecular force probes. (springer.com)
Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)
Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is a post-transcriptional modification essential for the regulation of gene expression and function. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)

Comparative biochemical studies of rapamycin and wortmannin on transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1)-mediated G(1)-S cell cycle progression in C3H-10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts. (janechin.net)
These factors couple extracellular signals to intracellular processes to determine cell cycle progression. (janechin.net)
Its occurrence, development, and progression are a critical process involving multiple factors and steps [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Some cytokines act as competence rather than progression factors, some lack secretory signals, and some must be processed and released from the pericellular matrix or basement membranes (eg transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β ] binding to chondroitin or the keratan sulfate of biglycan, decorin and fibromodulin, or basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet derived growth factor binding to the heparin sulfate of glypican, perlecan and syndecan). (biomedcentral.com)
both E2F1 and c-Myc are stimulating factors of H19 expression, and the H19 lncRNA functions as a downstream effector of c-Myc and E2F1 in tumor development and progression [ 11 ]. (jcancer.org)
Only a few studies have examined the expression profiles of miRNAs in luminal B breast cancer, and their regulatory roles in cancer progression have yet to be investigated. (biomedcentral.com)

The stability of mRNAs determines not only their half-life, but the capacity of RNAs to be translated 11 . (orthojournal.org)
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides that function as regulatory factors in many human diseases, including cancer. (jcancer.org)
We considered the expression of both miRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) at these time points to improve the identification of regulatory targets of miRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
Inspiringly, recent studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of PC. (oncotarget.com)

SP1 most notably contains three zinc finger protein motifs at its C-terminus, by which it binds directly to DNA and allows for interaction of the protein with other transcriptional regulators. (wikipedia.org)
As a whole, RBPs play a role in governing RNA metabolism and post-transcriptional processes related to mRNA polyadenylation, alternative splicing, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, stability, and translation initiation and elongation 7-10 , which ultimately affects protein synthesis 11 . (orthojournal.org)
These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
We are studying the effects and consequences of protein fusion on the transcriptional and transforming activities of these proteins using in vitro and animal models. (stanford.edu)
We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)

Only 1.5% of nucleic acids in human genome are used for protein encoding, but other 98.5% of the genome does not encode proteins. (jcancer.org)

SP1 and YAP1 mRNAs are direct targets of miR-375-5p. (wikipedia.org)
We have found that many alternative isoforms are apparent targets of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), an mRNA surveillance system. (berkeley.edu)
Here, we summarize the different types of epigenetic enzymes which target corresponding protein domains, emphasize DNA methylation , histone modifications, and microRNA-mediated cooperation with epigenetic modification, and highlight recent achievements in developing targets for epigenetic inhibitor therapy. (frontiersin.org)
New regulatory targets were discovered and novel functions of known proteins were uncovered. (janechin.net)
Understanding host proteins essential for IAV infection can identify targets for alternative host-directed therapies (HDTs). (cdc.gov)

Translational reprogramming via mRNA-RBP interactions (such as those seen with RBM3) is postulated to be an important factor allowing for the preservation of muscle mass 25 . (orthojournal.org)
Using affinity purification-mass spectrometry and global phosphoproteomic and protein abundance analyses using three IAV strains (pH1N1, H3N2, H5N1) in three human cell types (A549, NHBE, THP-1), we map 332 IAV-human protein-protein interactions and identify 13 IAV-modulated kinases. (cdc.gov)

Antennapedia homeodomain protein is a homeobox protein involved in limb patterning in ARTHROPODS. (lookformedical.com)

Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is an important tumor suppressor in the development of various human cancers [1] and inhibits translation rather than transcription. (plos.org)

Factors mandating cellular consequence include cell surface-receptors, cytoplasmic proteins, and nuclear proteins. (janechin.net)
We show that ionizing radiation specifically enhances the motility and invasiveness of human GSCs through the stabilization and nuclear accumulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), which in turn transcriptionally activates the Junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY). (nature.com)
We show that radiation-induced migration/invasion occurs through the stabilization and nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α), which drives the transcription of Junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY) 27 that stimulates GSC migration through its actin nucleation-promoting activity. (nature.com)
Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism. (lookformedical.com)
Mechanistically, we found that AMPK activation increased, whereas AMPK inhibition decreased, the levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), an inducible nuclear phosphatase, by regulating proteasome-dependent degradation of MKP-1. (diabetesjournals.org)

Adding chemical groups to the DNA backbone and modifying histone proteins impart distinct characteristics on chromatin architecture. (frontiersin.org)
ELAC1 has been in the use and may as define as an RNase Z. In pyrophosphates subfamilies are transcribed from coupling tubules in the function by a two receptor chromatin that appears ultraviolet from protein threatening( reviewed in Popow et al. (evakoch.com)
Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies showed that HIPK2 was required in vivo for efficient p300/p53 co-recruitment onto apoptotic promoters and that both p53 modifications at Ser46 and Lys382 were necessary for p53 apoptotic transcription. (biomedcentral.com)

The crosstalk is regulated by tumor suppressor proteins, including ARF, P21 and FBXW7, which are also frequently mutated in many cancers. (biomedcentral.com)

The biological role and underlying mechanism of action of zinc-finger protein 326 (ZNF326) in malignant tumors, including breast cancer, are still not clear. (cancerindex.org)
SUMOylation of proteins is an important mechanism in cellular responses to environmental stress ( 21 , 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we highlight recent evidence related to the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in growth, survival, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and apoptosis of PC cells, and discuss the potential clinical application of lncRNAs to the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic prediction of PC. (oncotarget.com)
Our research aims to investigate how histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1)/miR-182-5p/vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 (VAV3)/AKT axis participates in AS in terms of molecular mechanism. (bvsalud.org)

Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
The cell cycle is strictly regulated and controlled by a complex network of signaling pathways [ 1 ], comprised of hundreds of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Which signaling pathways are fundamental for describing HMGB1 signal transduction, and what mechanisms are responsible to explain recent results linking overexpression of HMGB1 with decrease of apoptosis (and increased cancer cell survival)? (biomedcentral.com)
Both CB 1 and CB 2 receptors, which share a low level (44%) of sequence homology [6], are G protein-coupled receptors that mainly signal via G i /G o proteins, even though they may also activate G s , G q/11 , and G protein-independent signaling pathways [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)

Methylated DNA can prevent transcription factors from binding to it, resulting in low or no gene expression, which is an important alteration in the early initiation and development of malignant neoplastic diseases [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)

(b) There are four main proteins of the ADAR enzyme family: two isoforms of ADAR1 (p110 and p150), ADAR2 and ADAR3. (biomedcentral.com)
This download is the types and cells led from a human assembly target content soccer methylated alongside the set of two interaction localizing enzyme proteins in New Zealand. (evakoch.com)
The groups used very different isolation methods (i.e., expression cloning, protein purification, genomics), yet all identified the same enzyme and concurred that it possessed all the known characteristics of β-secretase ( Fig. 1 ) ( Cole and Vassar, 2008 ). (jneurosci.org)

Basically, Daz family proteins function as adaptors for target mRNA transport and activators of their translation. (ijbs.com)
Basically, DAZ family proteins have been proposed to function as adaptors for mRNA transport and activators of their translation. (ijbs.com)

Dysregulation of processes driven by these factors is a severe liability to the cell and therefore represents potential areas for therapeutic intervention. (janechin.net)
Although the number of studies focused on the role of RBPs in skeletal muscle atrophy are limited, we propose that dynamic changes in RBPs (such as RBM3) play a central role in muscle adaptive processes through their differential effects on mRNA stability 25 . (orthojournal.org)
We also identified miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules driving specific cancer-related biological processes. (biomedcentral.com)
We applied a novel clustering method to an annotated miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and identified network modules involved in specific cancer-related biological processes. (biomedcentral.com)

Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus. (lookformedical.com)

In the SV40 virus, Sp1 binds to the GC boxes in the regulatory sequence of the genome. (wikipedia.org)
When this conversion occurs in the coding region of mRNA, it results in an altered nucleotide codon and, therefore, can change the amino acid sequence of the coded protein in what is referred to as a re-coding editing event. (biomedcentral.com)

N2a-Rα cells expressed tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA as a functional marker of catecholaminergic neurotransmitter production. (biomedcentral.com)
Because of the prevalence of alternative splicing, researchers would like to know the regulatory mechanisms that control it and the functional consequences of the isoforms that are produced. (berkeley.edu)
The aim of this study was to test for the molecular and functional expression of the non-gastric H + /K + ATPase ATP12A/ATP1AL1 in unstimulated and butyrate-stimulated (1 and 10 mM) human myelomonocytic HL-60 cells, to unravel its potential role as putative apoptosis-counteracting ion transporter as well as to test for the effect of the H + /K + ATPase inhibitor SCH28080 in apoptosis. (karger.com)
We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)

As an example, RBPs selectively protect mRNAs related to cell survival to preserve their translation in response to a DNA damage event that causes global reductions in protein synthesis 21 . (orthojournal.org)

It is therefore not surprising that RBM3 is involved in various cell types, with a variety of functions that are mostly protective or beneficial which include, enhancing translational efficiency and protein synthesis 8,12,13 , miRNA biogenesis 14 , cell migration 15 , response to hypoxia 16 , and protection against necrosis and apoptosis 17-19 . (orthojournal.org)
As such, the RBP cytosolic poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABPC1) elevates protein synthesis and causes hypertrophy in cardiac muscle by increasing RNA stability and translational efficiency in a transcript-specific manner 23,24 . (orthojournal.org)

The extracellular sequences of RON contain several domains including an N-terminal semaphorin (sema) domain, followed by the plexin, semaphorin, integrin (PSI) domain, and four immunoglobulin, plexin, transcription factor (IPT) domains. (spandidos-publications.com)

The neurological properties of N2a-Rα based on AhR activation were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis of cytoskeletal molecules and by RT-PCR analysis of mRNA expression of neurotransmitter-production related molecules, such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). (biomedcentral.com)

RON is a 180-kDa heterodimeric protein composed of a 40-kDa α-chain and a 150-kDa transmembrane β-chain with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. (spandidos-publications.com)
Maturation occurs in the cell membrane resulting in a 180-kDa heterodimeric protein composed of a 40-kDa α-chain and a 150-kDa transmembrane β-chain with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Growth factors that signal through tyrosine-kinase receptor families include the epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming-growth factor-α (TGF-α). (janechin.net)

Withaferin A suppresses the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells via Sp1 transcription" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. (plos.org)
1 BL tumour cells usually express IgM, 13 - 15 B-cell markers such as CD19, CD20 and CD22 and markers of germinal centre (GC) centroblasts such as CD10, BCL6 4 and the human germinal centre-associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein. (bmj.com)
We detected apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma cells by TUNEL assay. (biomedcentral.com)
Treating SMMC-7721 cells with 5-Fu leads to apoptosis of the cells, and reduction in telomerase activity, as well as a dramatic reduction in the activated form of p70 S6 kinase, a mTOR substrate. (biomedcentral.com)
Treating SMMC-7721 cells with Rapamycin, a specific mTOR inhibitor, significantly reduce hTERT protein level but did not affect hTERT transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
Using constructs downregulating or overexpressing MCL1 we demonstrate that expression of MCL1 prevents induction of apoptosis when PCa cells are grown under steroid-deprived conditions. (oncotarget.com)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
DAZ family proteins are found almost exclusively in germ cells in distant animal species. (ijbs.com)
In cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells, pharmacologic or genetic activation of AMPK inhibited the signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1), while inhibition of AMPK had opposite effects. (diabetesjournals.org)

Transcription factor Sp1, also known as specificity protein 1* is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SP1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
We are investigating how Pbx and Meis proteins contribute to the specificity of Hox function in development and how disruption of their activities leads to neoplasia. (stanford.edu)

Depending on the expression status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), it can be classified into four molecular subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and basal-like (or triple-negative) breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)
Cancer Prev Res (Phila), factor 1. (who.int)

Proteins which bind to DNA. (lookformedical.com)
The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)

Normally, activation of the CB 1 receptor regulates renal vascular hemodynamics and stimulates the transport of ions and proteins in different nephron compartments. (degruyter.com)

The function of RBM3 as a RNA stabilizing agent is cold-inducible, hence referring to the RNA-binding protein as a "cold-shock" protein. (orthojournal.org)

The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) is a positive regulator of p53 oncosuppressor function. (aacrjournals.org)

SP1 belongs to the Sp/KLF family of transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)

Sp1 has been used as a control protein to compare with when studying the increase or decrease of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and/or the estrogen receptor, since it binds to both and generally remains at a relatively constant level. (wikipedia.org)
In many cell lines, exposure to rapamycin results in a relatively small decrease in overall protein synthesis (~15-20%), but dose result specifically in G1 cell cycle arrest. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, muscle mass does not decrease as expected in response to the lack of physical activity, reduced protein synthesis, and very low caloric intake 35-37 . (orthojournal.org)

Myocyte stress 1 (MS1) is a recently described striated muscle actin-binding protein that is up-regulated in the early stages of pressure overload left ventricular hypertrophy. (westminster.ac.uk)
The aim of this study was to determine whether MS1 induces cellular hypertrophy and protects against apoptosis. (westminster.ac.uk)
These findings suggest the involvement of MS1 in cellular hypertrophy and protection against apoptosis. (westminster.ac.uk)

Some studies also suggest that mTOR may be a cellular context-dependent, pleiotropic regulator of apoptosis, although conclusive demonstration of mTOR inactivation in such circumstances is lacking [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The protein is 785 amino acids long, with a molecular weight of 81 kDa. (wikipedia.org)

Combining with other proteins, DAZ family members play a crucial role in male and female gametogenesis conserved throughout the evolution. (ijbs.com)

Although RNA editing has long been considered a relatively rare processing event, more recent research suggests that the vast majority of pre-mRNAs are edited [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The ribosome, as it traverses the mRNA, displaces any exon-junction complexes in its path. (berkeley.edu)
Upon arrival at the termination codon, release factors interact with any undisplaced exon-junction complexes[ 34 ]. (berkeley.edu)

Binding of CAPN3 to titin, a huge myofibrillar proteins that acts as a scaffold for sarcomeric. (exposed-skin-care.net)

Anatomy18

Organisms10

Chemicals and Drugs129

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes70

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Genes23

Induce apoptosis2

Phosphorylation9

Regulate7

Proliferation17

Highly conserved2

Cytoplasm3

Single mRNA2

Induces apoptosis2

Mutations5

Pathway8

Differentiation5

Regulation8

Progression6

RNAs4

Transcriptional5

Encode proteins1

Targets5

Interactions2

Homeobox1

Inhibits1

Nuclear5

Chromatin3

Regulated by tumor1

Mechanism4

Pathways4

Gene Expression2

Enzyme3

Activators2

Processes4

Nucleic acids1

Sequence2

Functional4

Survival1

Translational2

Extracellular1

Molecules1

Tyrosine3

Cells11

Specificity2

Cancer3

Bind2

Regulates1

Inducible1

Kinase2

Family of transcription factors1

Decrease3

Hypertrophy3

MTOR1

Molecular1

Play a crucial role1

Suggests1

Complexes2

Scaffold1