They include inflammation of the extraocular muscles (myositis) with tendinous involvement, orbital fat stranding, lacrimal gland inflammation and enlargement (dacryoadenitis), involvement of the optic sheath complex, uvea, and sclera, a focal intraorbital mass or even diffuse orbital involvement. (wikipedia.org)
Tumors2
This type of lymphoma represents 1% of NHLs, 1% of intracranial tumors, and less than 1% of intraocular tumors. (medscape.com)
This type of lymphoma is estimated to represent 1% of NHLs, 1% of intracranial tumors, and less than 1% of intraocular tumors. (medscape.com)
Systemic6
It is a benign, nongranulomatous orbital inflammatory process characterized by extraocular orbital and adnexal inflammation with no known local or systemic cause. (wikipedia.org)
Orbital pseudotumor has also been observed in association with Crohn's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, and ankylosing spondylitis all of which strengthen the basis of IOI being an immune-mediated disease. (wikipedia.org)
Orbital and adnexal lymphoma is associated with systemic lymphoma in 30-35% of cases. (medscape.com)
Hence, all patients with ocular lymphoma should have a complete workup to rule out systemic lymphoma. (medscape.com)
proposed the term "IgG4-related autoimmune disease" as a systemic disease with multiorgan involvement [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Many patients with disease limited to upper respiratory tract or lungs subsequently develop systemic involvement [ 9 ]. (medilib.ir)
Adnexal4
Depending on the site of involvement, ocular lymphoma can be intraocular, and adnexal. (medscape.com)
The median age at presentation for orbital and adnexal lymphoma is older than 60 years. (medscape.com)
Extramarginal zone lymphomas, which account for most primary orbital and adnexal lymphomas, are characterized by an indolent natural history with frequent, continuous extranodal relapses. (medscape.com)
Chlamydia psittaci is associated with ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and this association varies across different geographical areas. (medscape.com)
Lacrimal1
It can range from a diffuse inflammatory process to a more localized inflammation of muscle, lacrimal gland or orbital fat. (wikipedia.org)
Proptosis2
It is the most common painful orbital mass in the adult population, and is associated with proptosis, cranial nerve palsy (Tolosa-Hunt syndrome), uveitis, and retinal detachment. (wikipedia.org)
Adjacent structures may also be involved (eg, orbital pseudotumor with proptosis and vision impairment, oral ulcers) [ 21 ]. (medilib.ir)
Infections1
Several studies have described cases where onset of orbital pseudotumor was seen simultaneously or several weeks after upper respiratory infections. (wikipedia.org)
Ophthalmic disease2
A differential diagnosis includes lymphoproliferative lesions, thyroid ophthalmopathy, IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, sarcoidosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, orbital cellulitis and carotid-cavernous fistula. (wikipedia.org)
We strongly recommend considering the diagnosis of GO with elevated IgG4 in patients with an established diagnosis of GD, elevated serum IgG4 levels, and clinical features of ophthalmic disease overlapping with those of IgG4-related orbital disease. (hindawi.com)
Orbit4
Idiopathic orbital inflammatory (IOI) disease refers to a marginated mass-like enhancing soft tissue involving any area of the orbit. (wikipedia.org)
[ 6 ] Follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and natural killer cell lymphoma have also been reported to affect the orbit. (medscape.com)
Signs and symptoms relating to orbital metastasis are usually noted late in the disease progression, and treatment generally consists of local radiotherapy to the orbit [ 6 ] in addition to treatment of the primary cancer, which in this case of ductal adenocarcinoma of the breast required hormonal therapy only. (oaepublish.com)
A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed increased abnormal soft tissue enhancement in the superior aspect of the orbit, with involvement of superior and medial rectus muscles. (oaepublish.com)
Inflammatory5
Idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome, also known as orbital pseudotumor, was first described by Gleason in 1903 and by Busse and Hochheim. (wikipedia.org)
The best imaging modality for idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease is contrast-enhanced thin section magnetic resonance with fat suppression. (wikipedia.org)
Overall, radiographic features for idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome vary widely. (wikipedia.org)
Previously, IMT was also described as inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma, and inflammatory myofibrohistiocytic proliferation. (hindawi.com)
The medical records of 13 patients diagnosed pathologically with IMT, inflammatory pseudotumor, or plasma cell granuloma of the paranasal sinus and nasopharynx in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2006 to 2017 were reviewed. (hindawi.com)
Tumor1
Whether IMT is reactive or neoplastic in nature has been controversial, but recently it is considered as a true tumor because of the identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Subtype1
PIOL is mainly a subtype of primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). (medscape.com)
Polyangiitis1
CLINICAL FEATURES - Patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) typically have both upper airway and pulmonary involvement, although a minority may have just one or the other [ 1 ]. (medilib.ir)
Inflammation4
Idiopathic orbital inflammation has a varied clinical presentation depending on the involved tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Pediatric IOI accounts for about 17% of cases idiopathic orbital inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
proposes that organisms resembling Mollicutes cause orbital inflammation by destroying the cytoplasmic organelles of parasitized cells. (wikipedia.org)
The histopathology of idiopathic orbital inflammation is described as nondiagnostic and diverse. (wikipedia.org)
Diffuse1
Thus, a patient can have "severe" disease in the lungs in the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated diffuse alveolar hemorrhage with mild extrapulmonary involvement [ 8 ]. (medilib.ir)
Symptoms1
Airway and lung involvement - The most common respiratory symptoms in GPA and MPA are cough, hemoptysis (due to alveolar hemorrhage and/or tracheobronchial disease), dyspnea, and pleuritic pain. (medilib.ir)
Uveitis3
Presentation varies slightly compared to adults with bilateral involvement, uveitis, disc edema and tissue eosinophilia being more common in this population. (wikipedia.org)
The most common presentation of intraocular lymphoma is decreased vision with non-resolving uveitis. (medscape.com)
The most common presentation of intraocular lymphoma is decreased vision with nonresolving uveitis. (medscape.com)
Diseases1
The incidence of lymphoproliferative ocular diseases, especially malignant lymphoma, has increased over the years. (medscape.com)
Eyelids1
The involvement of the eyelids is more often seen in children and usually resolves by itself. (eyeplastics.com)
Optic1
A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan further revealed an abnormal infiltrating lesion at the orbital apex encasing the optic nerve and involving all four rectus muscles [ Figures 1 and 2 ]. (oaepublish.com)
Typically1
[ 10 ] Intraocular lymphoma typically affects elderly patients, with reported series having mean ages in the seventh decade of life. (medscape.com)
Anterior1
Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) has the characteristics of non-contact, noninvasive, high sensitivity, and repeatability, and offers high-resolution in vivo imaging of the structures of the anterior eye segment. (bvsalud.org)
Destruction2
In the setting of extensive sclerosis there may be restriction, compression, and destruction of orbital tissue. (wikipedia.org)
IMT often presents as an ill-defined soft-tissue mass with bone destruction and invasion of surrounding structures. (hindawi.com)
Evaluation1
This review provides an update on the research and clinical applications of AS-OCT in corneal refractive surgery, including preoperative keratoconus screening, intraoperative real-time visualization of corneal structures, postoperative corneal evaluation, and management of postoperative complications. (bvsalud.org)
Disease3
The current practice is to describe the locations of organ involvement and the severity of disease at each location. (medilib.ir)
Nasal, sinus, and ear disease - Among patients with GPA, approximately 90 percent have nasal, sinus, or ear involvement, compared with 35 percent of patients with MPA, who have sensorineural hearing loss [ 10-12 ]. (medilib.ir)
Nasal, sinus, and ear involvement may be present without other disease manifestations for weeks to months before progressing to more generalized, "vasculitic" disease. (medilib.ir)
Viral1
Recent molecular studies demonstrating viral DNA in the ocular lymphoma cells suggest a role for infectious agents in the pathogenesis of intraocular lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Intraocular lymphoma is rare, with fewer than 200 cases being reported. (medscape.com)
Rare1
Intraocular lymphoma (IOL) is a rare lymphocytic malignancy. (medscape.com)
Features1
The major features of respiratory tract involvement in GPA and MPA will be reviewed here. (medilib.ir)
Systems2
Over the years, different systems have been used to classify lymphomas, including the Rappaport Classification (used until the 1970s), the Working Formulation, the National Cancer Institute Working Formulation, and the Revised European-American Lymphoma Classification (REAL). (medscape.com)
Better imaging techniques, improved biopsy techniques, and newer classification systems are likely to have contributed to the apparent increase in the incidence of lymphoma. (medscape.com)