DiskectomyDiskectomy, PercutaneousLaminectomyIntervertebral Disc DisplacementLumbar VertebraeSpondylosisIntervertebral DiscEndoscopySciaticaPiriformis Muscle SyndromeDura MaterCervical VertebraeLow Back PainDecompression, SurgicalSpinal FusionSpinal Cord CompressionSpinal StenosisTreatment OutcomePain MeasurementRadiculopathyAutomationEpidural SpaceInternal FixatorsLongitudinal LigamentsFollow-Up StudiesMyelographyLigamentum FlavumIntervertebral Disc DegenerationSpinal Cord DiseasesSpinal OsteophytosisRetrospective StudiesThoracic VertebraeHematoma, Epidural, SpinalArachnoiditisLumbosacral RegionSacrumSpinal CanalMicrosurgeryForaminotomyDiscitisEpidural AbscessSpinal Cord NeoplasmsSpinal NeoplasmsSpinal Nerve RootsSpinal DiseasesCauda EquinaSpineBack PainOperating TablesTotal Disc ReplacementSpondylolisthesisCervical AtlasSurgical Procedures, Minimally InvasiveBone PlatesPostoperative ComplicationsMagnetic Resonance ImagingOssification of Posterior Longitudinal LigamentFailed Back Surgery SyndromeIntervertebral Disc ChemolysisZygapophyseal JointLordosisArthroplastyTorsion, MechanicalParaparesisOssification, HeterotopicSyringomyeliaParaplegiaBone TransplantationNeurosurgical ProceduresNeurosurgeryTissue AdhesionsPolyradiculopathyRange of Motion, ArticularSpinal Cord InjuriesKyphosisSpinal CordCadaverArachnoidBiomechanical PhenomenaRecovery of FunctionArachnoid CystsTabes DorsalisKetonesMeningoceleNeck PainTomography, X-Ray ComputedReoperationPain, PostoperativeEndoscopesBlood Loss, SurgicalAtlanto-Axial JointProspective StudiesDisability EvaluationPseudarthrosis