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PseudocholinesteraseCholinesterasesThiocholineCholinesterase InhibitorsDibucaineSuccinylcholinePentanonesAcetic Anhydrides2-Hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl BromideAcetylcholinesteraseButyrylcholinesteraseBenzoylcholineButyrylthiocholineBromosuccinimidePhenothiazinesTetranitromethanePhenylglyoxalAgricultureHydroxylamineHydroxylaminesDiethyl PyrocarbonateAlloxanImipramineTrinitrobenzenesulfonic AcidLiver DiseasesEncyclopedias as TopicEsterasesAcetylcholineAtherosclerosisTranslational Medical ResearchCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessTunica MediaTunica IntimaCarotid ArteriesInflammation
AcetylcholinesteraseAcylcholine acylhydrolaseDeficiencyCarbamateBCHESuccinylcholineOrganophosphateAcetylcholinePesticidesNeuromuscularFluorideExposureHydrolysesEnzymesEnzyme levelBaselineConcentrationDiagnosticClinicalPlasmaNormalElevationDetectActivityNervousMeasurementPatientsDiseaseMusclesHumanCellsBodyTrueSurgeryMuscleDaysTestPossibility
Acetylcholinesterase7
Acylcholine acylhydrolase1
  • Systematic name for cholinesterase (serum/plasma) is acylcholine acylhydrolase. (coem.com)
Deficiency16
  • An absence or mutation of the BCHE enzyme leads to a medical condition known as pseudocholinesterase deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pseudocholinesterase deficiency may also affect local anaesthetic selection in dental procedures. (wikipedia.org)
  • The patient demonstrated no return of twitches fifteen minutes after succinylcholine administration, and a pseudocholinesterase deficiency was suspected. (ispub.com)
  • Family studies may be done when an individual with a genetically abnormal type is documented by serum pseudocholinesterase deficiency and, ideally, confirmed by phenotyping. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Pseudocholinesterase deficiency: Some individuals have a genetic disorder that causes the lack of pseudocholinesterase. (apollo247.com)
  • What Is Pseudocholinesterase Deficiency? (usa-good.com)
  • Pseudocholinesterase deficiency could be a condition that leads to hyperbolic sensitivity to sure relaxant medication used throughout general anesthesia, known as B-complex vitamin esters. (usa-good.com)
  • However, folks with pseudocholinesterase deficiency might not be able to move or breathe on their own for some hours when the medication is administered. (usa-good.com)
  • The condition causes no other signs or symptoms and is sometimes not discovered until an abnormal drug reaction occurs.Pseudocholinesterase deficiency could be a condition that causes increased sensitivity to certain relaxant drugs used throughout general anesthesia (choline esters). (usa-good.com)
  • folks with Pseudocholinesterase deficiency might not be able to move or breathe on their own for a few hours after these drugs are given. (usa-good.com)
  • Pseudocholinesterase deficiency may be inheritable (genetic) or acquired. (usa-good.com)
  • Pseudocholinesterase (soo-doe-koh-lin-ES-tur-ays) deficiency is a rare disorder that makes you sensitive to certain muscle relaxants ― muscle relaxant or mivacurium ― used throughout general anesthesia. (usa-good.com)
  • With pseudocholinesterase deficiency, the body muscles keep relaxed for a longer time than expected. (usa-good.com)
  • Pseudocholinesterase deficiency will be caused by a sequence modification (mutation) that's inherited. (usa-good.com)
  • There's no cure for pseudocholinesterase deficiency. (usa-good.com)
  • Pseudocholinesterase deficiency is a genetic disorder that can cause slow development seizures and diminished muscle control It occurs when the body does not produce enough pseudocholinesterase -- a protein that breaks down certain chemicals in the brain and nervous system.Pseudocholinesterase deficiency are often non inheritable ANd/or be transmissible. (usa-good.com)
Carbamate3
  • Carbamate-poisoned persons can appear to have near normal or normal levels of pseudocholinesterase. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Erythrocyte cholinesterase is measured to diagnose organophosphate and carbamate toxicity and to detect atypical forms of the enzyme. (coem.com)
  • Cholinesterase is irreversibly inhibited by organophosphate insecticides and reversibly inhibited by carbamate insecticides. (coem.com)
BCHE2
  • BCHE levels may be reduced in patients with advanced liver disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Elevation of plasma BCHE levels was observed in 90.5% of cases of acute myocardial infarction. (wikipedia.org)
Succinylcholine3
Organophosphate3
  • The value of assessing risk status in persons exposed to organophosphate insecticides on the basis of plasma or serum cholinesterase levels alone has been called into question. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Organophosphate pesticide exposure: Most insecticides and pesticides contain organophosphates that inhibit the activity of cholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase. (apollo247.com)
  • Baseline cholinesterase measurement may be required in individuals at risk of organophosphate exposure. (labtestsonline.org.uk)
Acetylcholine2
  • The cholinesterase activity in human red cells is highly but not exclusively specific for acetylcholine. (coem.com)
  • A reduction in the activity of the cholinesterase leads to an excess of acetylcholine in the nerve ending, leading to overstimulation of nerves within the body. (apollo247.com)
Pesticides1
  • GC with NPD or electron capture detection (ECD) has been used to quantify levels of guthion and other pesticides in human serum and urine (Pitarch et al. (cdc.gov)
Neuromuscular1
  • A blood cholinesterase test is essential because inactivity of the enzyme causes impairment of neuromuscular junction. (apollo247.com)
Fluoride3
  • Knappwost believed that ingested fluoride, by inhibiting cholinesterase, could achieve both greater expression of total saliva and an increase in its fluoride content. (fluoridationaustralia.com)
  • The research of his student quite logically examined different forms of ingestible fluoride for their effect on several variants of cholinesterase. (fluoridationaustralia.com)
  • Westendorf's results showed that fluoride in the form of the silicofluoride complex (SiF), as well as several other complexes, was a substantially more powerful inhibitor of cholinesterase than the simple fluoride ion released by sodium fluoride (NaF). (fluoridationaustralia.com)
Exposure13
  • 2 Are normal levels indicative of no exposure or of a genetic variant with or without exposure? (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Red cell cholinesterase is more useful for chronic insecticide exposure. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Low serum cholinesterase activity may relate to exposure to insecticides or to one of a number of variant genotypes. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Serum or plasma pseudocholinesterase is a better measure of acute toxicity, while erythrocyte levels are better for chronic exposure. (coem.com)
  • Levels of significant exposure for each route and duration are presented in tables and illustrated in figures. (cdc.gov)
  • The points in the figures showing no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) or lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs) reflect the actual doses (levels of exposure) used in the studies. (cdc.gov)
  • The distinction between 'less serious' effects and 'serious' effects is considered to be important because it helps the users of the profiles to identify levels of exposure at which major health effects start to appear. (cdc.gov)
  • The significance of the exposure levels shown in the Levels of Significant Exposure (LSE) tables and figures may differ depending on the user's perspective. (cdc.gov)
  • Public health officials and others concerned with appropriate actions to take at hazardous waste sites may want information on levels of exposure associated with more subtle effects in humans or animals (LOAELs) or exposure levels below which no adverse effects (NOAELs) have been observed. (cdc.gov)
  • Estimates of exposure levels posing minimal risk to humans (Minimal Risk Levels or MRLs) have been made for methyl parathion. (cdc.gov)
  • As these kinds of health effects data become available and methods to assess levels of significant human exposure improve, these MRLs will be revised. (cdc.gov)
  • A User's Guide has been provided at the end of this profile (see Appendix B). This guide should aid in the interpretation of the tables and figures for Levels of Significant Exposure and the MRLs. (cdc.gov)
  • History of exposure, characteristic signs and symptoms of toxicity, and low serum cholinesterase levels make the diagnosis almost certain [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Hydrolyses1
  • Cholinesterase activity present in the serum/plasma hydrolyses both choline and aliphatic esters, has a broader range of esterolytic activity, and is referred to as "pseudo-" or "nonspecific" cholinesterase. (coem.com)
Enzymes6
  • The diagnosis of the serum level of certain enzymes has been used as an indicator of cellular damage that results in the release of intracellular components into the bloodstream. (golifescience.com)
  • The measurement of the serum levels of numerous enzymes has been shown to be of diagnostic significance as Diagnostic Enzymes . (golifescience.com)
  • This is because the presence of these enzymes in the serum indicates that tissue or cellular damage has occurred resulting in the release of intracellular components into the blood. (golifescience.com)
  • Hence, when a physician indicates that he/she is going to assay for liver enzymes, the purpose is to ascertain the potential for liver cell damage. (golifescience.com)
  • The typical liver enzymes measured are AST and ALT. (golifescience.com)
  • When assaying for both ALT and AST the ratio of the level of these two enzymes can also be diagnostic. (golifescience.com)
Enzyme level2
  • Evans and Wroe suggest that an enzyme level in serum below 2.5 standard deviations will pick up 90% of sensitive individuals using propionylthiocholine as substrate. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Patients with abnormally low cholinesterase activity after transfusion of blood or plasma will experience temporary augmentation of enzyme level. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
Baseline2
  • His baseline investigations were normal except for hyperglycemia and a low serum cholinesterase (970 U/L). On the 2nd day, his urine showed blackish discoloration without any reduction in hourly output (Figure 2 ). (hindawi.com)
  • However, a 35% drop in the enzyme levels from the baseline indicates severe poisoning. (apollo247.com)
Concentration1
  • Patients who demonstrate an abnormal genetic variant, a decrease in concentration by seventy-five percent, or who are exposed to chemicals or medications that block or reduce the serum concentration of pseudocholinesterase will potentially experience prolonged duration of action. (ispub.com)
Diagnostic2
  • ALT is particularly diagnostic of liver involvement as this enzyme is found predominantly in hepatocytes. (golifescience.com)
  • Introduction The cholinesterase test is a significant diagnostic tool in both clinical and occupational medicine. (medicallabnotes.com)
Clinical2
  • Pseudocholinesterase is low also in some instances of liver disease, including decompensated cirrhosis, hepatitis, metastatic carcinoma, CHF, and in malnutrition, but not sufficiently consistently enough to be a useful clinical test for such disorders. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • With clinical conditions characterized by bleeding into the CSF, pseudocholinesterase activity increases to one-fourth to one-half that of plasma. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
Plasma7
  • Pseudocholinesterase, found in plasma and connective tissue, is a tetrahedral molecule with a MW of 320,000, is formed in the liver, and has a half-life of approximately 8-16 hours. (ispub.com)
  • Postoperatively, the plasma cholinesterase level was 297 (normal 1900-3800) and the dibucaine number was 35. (ispub.com)
  • 2002) or measuring cholinesterase activity in plasma, red blood cells, and whole blood (Vasilic et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Plasmapheresis has been noted to decrease the level of plasma cholinesterase. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • 5 In estimating the duration of this enhanced activity, measures of plasma cholinesterase half-life have been utilized. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • A low level of activity of pseudocholinesterase has been demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid, at about 1/20 to 1/100 the activity present in the corresponding plasma. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • 1] The plasma enzyme is synthesized by the liver, the red cell enzyme during erythropoiesis. (coem.com)
Normal6
  • Serum level returns to normal prior to normalizing of red cell level). (coem.com)
  • Renal and liver functions were normal. (hindawi.com)
  • Besides, creatine phosphokinase levels were found to be normal, ruling out the possibility of rhabdomyolysis. (hindawi.com)
  • Various conditions affect the normal functioning of the liver, including hepatitis, Epstein Barr virus infection, fatty liver. (golifescience.com)
  • What is the normal range in the blood cholinesterase test? (apollo247.com)
  • Eighty obese patients with normal liver enzyme levels but presenting with ultrasonographic evidence of NAFLD formed the population of this cross-sectional study. (biomedcentral.com)
Elevation1
  • The level of AST elevation in the serum is directly proportional to the number of cells involved as well as on the time following an injury that the AST assay was performed. (golifescience.com)
Detect1
Activity3
  • Spectroscopic methods of measuring the depression of cholinesterase activity are based on the Ellman method (Ellman et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with a variety of carcinomas have been reported to accumulate an embryonic type of cholinesterase activity in their sera. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
  • Such novel cholinesterase activity was found only in the sera of patients undergoing antitumor therapy (eg, chemotherapy or radiation therapy and/or hormone therapy). (evexiadiagnostics.com)
Nervous2
  • Cholinesterase is an enzyme that supports the proper functioning of the nervous system. (apollo247.com)
  • A serum cholinesterase test identifies the efficacy of the nervous system function to avoid overstimulation of post-synaptic nerves, exocrine glands, and muscles. (apollo247.com)
Measurement1
  • Measurement of AST is useful not only for liver involvement but also for heart disease or damage. (golifescience.com)
Patients2
Disease1
  • Normally in liver disease or damage that is not of viral origin, the ratio of ALT/AST is less than 1. (golifescience.com)
Muscles1
  • The starting signs of going for a blood cholinesterase test could be the twitching of muscles. (apollo247.com)
Human2
  • 2001). For human serum samples, the authors determined that the SPE extraction procedure was the preferred method since it was faster, less tedious, and avoided the formation of emulsions that were frequently encountered in the LLME procedure. (cdc.gov)
  • A half-life value determined by measuring the rate of disappearance after intravenous injection of human cholinesterase has provided an average value of 11 days. (evexiadiagnostics.com)
Cells1
  • The association found between the amount of visceral fat and circulating levels of eotaxin on the one hand, and IMT on the other, could reinforce the hypothesis that IL-17, released by the visceral adipose tissue, induces eotaxin secretion via the smooth muscle cells present in the atheromatosus vessels. (biomedcentral.com)
Body2
  • The liver is the largest internal organ and plays an important role in many functions of the body, including blood detoxification, cholesterol, glucose, iron metabolism, etc. (golifescience.com)
  • Hence, finding out the levels through a blood cholinesterase test can estimate the level of poisoning in the body. (apollo247.com)
True1
  • It is referred to as true or specific cholinesterase. (coem.com)
Surgery1
  • A serum cholinesterase test can be taken several days before the surgery to rule out the possibility of postoperative paralysis. (apollo247.com)
Muscle1
  • Introduction The Aldolase Test measures the level of the enzyme aldolase in the blood, which can indicate muscle damage. (medicallabnotes.com)
Days1
  • Within 3-7 days the level of AST should return to pre-injury levels, provided a continuous insult is not present or further injury occurs. (golifescience.com)
Test7
  • What does a cholinesterase test result signify? (apollo247.com)
  • The blood cholinesterase test results are accurate after doing the test in triplicates. (apollo247.com)
  • Who prescribes the cholinesterase test? (apollo247.com)
  • These healthcare professionals might suggest you take a serum cholinesterase test. (apollo247.com)
  • What other factors may show low enzyme levels in the cholinesterase test? (apollo247.com)
  • How sooner can one take the serum cholinesterase test? (apollo247.com)
  • Here's an introduction to it: Cholinesterase Test: An Introduction Cholinesterase is an enzyme that plays a pivotal role in nerve function in both humans and insects. (medicallabnotes.com)
Possibility1
  • Determine the possibility of liver damage, heart attack, and obstructive jaundice. (apollo247.com)