Liquid phase transition. Medical search. Frequent questions

This work presents our investigations of mezomorphic properties of two polymorphic liquid crystals, namely, 4-nonyloxy-4-butoxyphenyl benzoate and N-(-4-heptyloxybenzylidene-4-butylaniline) in a wide temperature range, particularly, in the phase transition regions. (metu.edu.tr)
Interacting colloid particles, phase behaviour, crystals and glasses. (bath.ac.uk)
Liquid crystals are used in everything from tiny digital watches to huge television screens, from optical devices to biomedical detectors. (uchicago.edu)
New research led by Juan de Pablo, the Liew Family Professor at the Institute for Molecular Engineering, uncovers previously unknown features that develop from the interface between air and certain widely studied liquid crystals. (uchicago.edu)
Liquid crystals are high-fidelity reporters of molecular events, and their effectiveness relies on controlling their molecular orientation at an interface," de Pablo said. (uchicago.edu)
Liquid crystals exist in a state between liquids and solids, allowing them to flow like a liquid but also have some properties of a solid. (uchicago.edu)
Certain liquid crystals go through phase transition s in response to changes in temperature. (uchicago.edu)
The research found similar characteristics between widely studied liquid crystals nematic 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl and smectic 4-octyl- 4′-cyanobiphenyl. (uchicago.edu)
Both align perpendicularly at the air-liquid crystals interface and exhibit well-defined, surface-induced layers at the interface. (uchicago.edu)
The researchers plan to study the interfaces of liquid crystals and aqueous electrolytes to understand the effects of electrostatic interactions and the liquid crystal orientational ordering. (uchicago.edu)
Lin] F. H. Lin , Nonlinear theory of defects in nematic liquid crystals , phase transition and flow phenomena, Comm. (numdam.org)
In this project we combine elements from high-resolution, solid-state, and diffusion NMR to develop new methods for investigating structure and dynamics in complex soft matter systems such as liquid crystals, polymers, biomembranes, stratum corneum, and peptide-lipid aggregates. (lu.se)
Soft matter is a convenient term encompassing a wide range of materials, such as polymers, surfactants, colloids, emulsions, liquid crystals and various biological materials. (lu.se)
We also explore excitation and temporal control of surface plasmon polaritons by means of singlelayered crystals of the transition metal dichalcogenide WSe2. (lu.se)

1-3 One potential origin for the crossover behavior is a liquid-to-liquid phase transition (LLPT). (aip.org)
As the constraints become more severe, the departures from simple activated diffusion behavior of SiO 2 during heating of the amorphous phase at ambient pressure, become more pronounced. (elsevierpure.com)
To relate these phenomena to the bimodality of the shape distribution, we have calculated the liquid crystal phase behavior of binary mixtures of thick and thin hard platelets for various thickness ratios. (uu.nl)
Researchers at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have discovered molecular behavior in supercooled liquids that represents a hidden phase transition between a liquid and a solid. (berkeley.edu)
Researchers have discovered molecular behavior in supercooled liquids that represents a hidden phase transition between a liquid and a solid. (crystalinks.com)
Research at Mathematical Physics in this area concerns novel types of few- and many-body quantum systems with cold atoms at the crossover between microscopic and "thermodynamic" behavior, studying precursors of phase transitions and hitherto unknown states of quantum matter in finite quantum systems. (lu.se)

The liquid-liquid critical point theory can be applied to several liquids that possess the tetrahedral symmetry. (wikipedia.org)

phase behaviour, optical properties. (bath.ac.uk)
These colloids show unique phase behaviour such as empty liquids 26 , but their size is typically on the order of nanometers-too small for direct imaging. (nature.com)

We show how water with its small proton bridge between tetrahedrally coordinated oxygen centers, forms a provocative series with (i) the archetypal glassformer and strong liquid, SiO 2 , (ii) the analog ionic compound BeF 2 in which the Be ions are bridged by fluoride ions, and (iii) elemental Si with no bridge at all. (elsevierpure.com)

Soft matter shares characteristics with both liquids and solids, and is thus challenging to study with conventional NMR. (lu.se)

Liquid hydrogen (LH2) has much higher volumetric energy density than compressed gaseous hydrogen. (fabig.com)
Everybody knows of the transitions between liquid, solid and gaseous phases. (sciencedaily.com)
Similar calculations were made for the reaction of cystalline and liquid nickel with gaseous diatomic sulfur for ni3s2(c,1). (cdc.gov)

Phase-separation transition in liquid mixtures near curved charged objects. (mpg.de)

The existence of a "crossover region" in glass-forming liquids has long been considered as a general phenomenon that is as important as the glass transition. (aip.org)
phenomenology, simple models of the glass transition. (bath.ac.uk)

The CG model is structurally consistent with an underlying all-atom reference model both in the smectic and the isotropic state, and it reproduces the smectic/isotropic phase transition at the correct density and temperature. (ucsb.edu)
The temperature and frequency dependence of the complex dielectric susceptibility of a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) near the smectic-C*-smectic-A phase transition has been calculated using the generalized Landau model. (tcd.ie)
The experimental data shows a crossover in the liquid structure at ∼1000 K, about 115 K below the melting temperature and 150 K above the crystallization temperature. (aip.org)
6 Unlike experiment studies of LLPT at temperature above melting point, 7 a key challenge to the search for an LLPT in a supercooled liquid is the interference of crystallization during cooling. (aip.org)
Here, irradiation of the crystal rearranges the electronic order, creating an entirely new phase different from the high-temperature one. (scitechdaily.com)
The temperature at which the solid-liquid phase change occurs. (rsc.org)
At this temperature water is in the process of changing from a solid state into the liquid phase or visa versa. (physlink.com)
The average energy of the molecules gives us the temperature of the liquid. (physlink.com)
The temperature of this solid-solid transition was accurately measured by differential scanning calorimetry. (cdc.gov)

People have observed this light-induced hidden phase before, but the ultrafast quantum processes behind its genesis were still unknown. (scitechdaily.com)
Prof. Abukhdeir's research is focused on both industrial and fundamental research on processes involving soft matter, complex fluids, multiphase flows, and phase transitions. (uwaterloo.ca)
These diverse materials may exhibit time-dependent structures under transient or out-of-equilibrium conditions resulting from for example self-assembly processes, phase transitions or in response to external fields, such as flow. (lu.se)

When spilled onto water, LNG is known to sometimes, seemingly at random, undergo a localized explosive vaporization known as rapid phase transition (RPT). (fabig.com)
But also time and space can undergo a phase transition, as the physicists Steven Hawking and Don Page pointed out in 1983. (sciencedaily.com)
When brought to sufficiently low temperatures, a dilute gas of bosonic atoms may undergo a phase transition to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), bringing microscopic quantum effects onto a macroscopic scale. (lu.se)

In this paper, we discuss whether even a crossover transition can leave an imprint that cosmological observations can seek or, vice versa, if there are questions cosmology should address to QCD specialists. (mdpi.com)

Now, scientists at MIT and the University of Texas at Austin have for the first time captured snapshots of a light-induced metastable phase hidden from the equilibrium universe by using a suite of advanced spectroscopic tools. (scitechdaily.com)
Understanding the origin of such metastable quantum phases is important to address long-standing fundamental questions in nonequilibrium thermodynamics," says Nelson. (scitechdaily.com)
The formation of this new phase makes the material an insulator, but shining one single, intense light pulse pushes the material into a metastable hidden metal. (scitechdaily.com)
Reference: "Snapshots of a light-induced metastable hidden phase driven by the collapse of charge order" by Frank Y. Gao, Zhuquan Zhang, Zhiyuan Sun, Linda Ye, Yu-Hsiang Cheng, Zi-Jie Liu, Joseph G. Checkelsky, Edoardo Baldini and Keith A. Nelson, 22 July 2022, Science Advances . (scitechdaily.com)

In the nematic phase, the rod-like molecules line up in a disorderly yet parallel fashion. (uchicago.edu)

Sachdev believes those two worlds come together most apparently during an event called a "quantum phase transition. (harvard.edu)
In a quantum phase transition, the role of heat is played by the fluctuations demanded by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. (harvard.edu)
In close collaboration between theory and experiment, we found a few-body precursor of a quantum phase transition from a normal to a superfluid phase, signaled by the softening of a mode analogous to the Higgs mechanism in particle physics. (lu.se)

Although an LLPT is thought to exist in all forms of liquids, 4 structural evidence for this, particularly in supercooled liquids, is scarce, elusive, and in many cases controversial. (aip.org)
5 However, other than when induced by high pressure, evidence for an LLPT in a supercooled liquid is far less clear. (aip.org)

It is well known that on square lattice N\'eel and valence bond solid states are connected by a continuous phase transition, and the critical theory consists fractionalized spinons and an emergent U(1) gauge field. (aps.org)
We show that by condensing fields that carry both electric charge and magnetic flux of the emergent gauge field, one can obtain spin liquid phases with topological order and no lattice symmetry breaking. (aps.org)
The interplay between phase separation and kinetic arrest is important in supramolecular self-assembly, but their effects on emergent orientational order are not well understood when anisotropic building blocks are used. (nature.com)
So far in this series we have examined Robert Batterman's idea that the concept of emergence can be made more precise by the fact that emergent phenomena such as phase transitions can be described by models that include mathematical singularities, as well as Elena Castellani's analysis of the relationship between effective field theories in physics and emergence. (science20.com)

For sufficiently large thickness ratios, the phase diagram features an I-N density inversion and triphasic I-N-C equilibrium, in agreement with experiment. (uu.nl)

The reference state point was the supercooled liquid just below the smectic/isotropic phase transition which is characterized by a high degree of local nematic order while being overall isotropic. (ucsb.edu)
In the smectic phase, they also line up in parallel-but in organized layers. (uchicago.edu)
This structure then propagates well into the bulk of the liquid crystal, particularly for nematic and smectic phases. (uchicago.edu)

These results provide structural evidence for a liquid-to-liquid-phase-transition in the supercooled metallic liquid. (aip.org)
In experiment, however, the demixing transition is pre-empted by a transition to a kinetically arrested, glassy state with structural features resembling a columnar phase. (uu.nl)
describe the principal structural and relaxational properties of solid, liquid, and soft matter glasses in terms of simple models. (bath.ac.uk)

When the system is quenched by increasing the attraction strength, non-equilibrium structures form deep within the region of phase instability. (nature.com)

By capturing the dynamics of this complex phase transformation in a single-shot measurement, the authors demonstrated that the melting and the reordering of the charge density wave leads to the formation of the hidden state. (scitechdaily.com)
Snapshot from a molecular dynamics simulation of a liquid crystal. (lu.se)
Solid-liquid phase transitions of triglycerides in griebenschmalz, smalec, and fedt studied using 13C solid-state NMR with dynamics-based spectral filtering. (lu.se)
Skin, soap, and spaghetti: investigations of co-existing solid and liquid phases in organic materials using solid-state NMR with dynamics-based spectral editing. (lu.se)
Lipid dynamics and phase transition within α-synuclein amyloid fibrils. (lu.se)

The energies of the molecules can vary from a finite minimum, which would mark the transition back to a solid phases, up to an infinite energy (although the probability of this occuring is infinitely small). (physlink.com)

Due to the presence of a static field in an insulator state, a formation of a gapped electron liquid is similar to the gapless Majorana spin liquid in Kitaev's model [1]. (arxiv.org)
The proposed approach allows us to describe the Mott-Hubbard phase transition and the insulator state within the same formalism for an arbitrary dimension for different models. (arxiv.org)

Motivated by recent numerical works revealing N\'eel and gapped spin liquid states in $J_1$-$J_2$ model on square lattice, we study other phases that can be obtained after destroying the N\'eel order. (aps.org)
An uniform configuration of the Z_2-field corresponds to a gapless spin liquid state, the configuration, at which the lattice with a double cell is formed, corresponds to a gapped fermion liquid, fermions move in this field. (arxiv.org)

Phase Separation Transition in Liquids and Polymers Induced by Electric Field Gradients. (mpg.de)

The density inversion can be attributed to a marked shape fractionation among the coexisting phases with the thick species accumulating in the isotropic phase. (uu.nl)

These novel quantum liquids stabilize because of quantum fluctuations. (lu.se)

Good correlation of experimental data of different methods for the phase transition analysis has been exhibited. (ac.ru)
Correlation of fluorescence intensity, modulation depth in emission, phase angle of polarization in emission and energy funneling efficiency along a cross section (shown as dashed blue line in image of phase angles). (lu.se)

Damage to organs during transplantation occurs in 2 phases: the warm ischemic phase and the cold ischemic phase. (medscape.com)

But for symmetry reasons this would mean that gravitational theories should exhibit phase transitions too. (sciencedaily.com)

Abstract Water electrolysis, a process for producing green hydrogen from renewable energy, plays a crucial role in the transition toward a sustainable energy landscape and the realization of the hydrogen economy. (journaltocs.ac.uk)

In view of the phase diagrams deduced for various water models, our observations suggest that the second critical point scenario proposed for water, if correct, might be observable under thermodynamically stable conditions at high pressures in the case of BeF 2 . (elsevierpure.com)
Near a liquid-liquid critical point, there is always a competition between two alternative local structures. (wikipedia.org)
For instance, in supercooled water, two types of local structures have been predicted: a low-density local configuration (LD) and a high-density local configuration (HD), so above the critical pressure, the liquid is composed by a majority of HD local structure, while below the critical pressure a higher fraction of LD local configurations is present. (wikipedia.org)
The study of liquid-liquid critical points is an active research area with hundreds of articles having been published, though only a few of these investigations have been experimental since most modern probing techniques are not fast and/or sensitive enough to study them. (wikipedia.org)

As the optical transition dipole in TQ1 is parallel to the polymer backbone, the phase orientations mark local polmer chain orientations. (lu.se)
Localized correlations of several 2D POLIM parameters allow for retriving the local polymer chain organisation within the liquid spread polymer film. (lu.se)

By focusing on the underlying properties and phenomena that limit the performance of storage materials, we will generate much-needed understanding that will accelerate the development of all types of advanced storage materials, including sorbents, metal hydrides and liquid carriers. (greencarcongress.com)

I will show one example of a CG model for a liquid crystalline (LC) compound containing an azobenzene mesogen. (ucsb.edu)
The method was applied to crystalline and liquid aluminum and uranium at different temperatures and densities, and showed the highest accuracy among different published potentials. (nature.com)

phase transitions in quantum field theories are well known. (sciencedaily.com)
By studying these transitions, he believes he can help craft theories that can explain both worlds. (harvard.edu)

Study of phase transitions in polymorphi. (metu.edu.tr)
Such a pressure is sufficiently high to allow the study of the influence of a gas phase chemical potential on the state and dynamic development of a surface, and completely new perspectives are opened up for the use of surface scientific methods. (lu.se)
In addition, further sample enviroments for the study of e.g. liquids and electrochemical systems are available, and we work on the realisation of additional sample environments e.g. for the study of thin film growth. (lu.se)
We study both surface-supported metal element nanoparticles, oxide films, and transition metal complexes. (lu.se)

The systems are characterized by mixed type of phase transition from lyotropic mesophase to isotropic liquid. (ac.ru)
Ion Adsorption and Lamellar-Lamellar Transitions in Charged Bilayer Systems , J. Forsman, Langmuir 22 , 2975 (2006). (lu.se)

The predictions are based on the Onsager-Parsons theory for the isotropic-nematic (I-N) transition combined with a modified Lennard-Jones-Devonshire cell theory for the columnar (C) state. (uu.nl)
At high concentrations, the theory predicts a coexistence between two columnar phases with distinctly different concentrations. (uu.nl)
The phase-transition model is not meant to replace the theory of the Big Bang. (sciencedaily.com)

and a higher density columnar phase. (uu.nl)

2021) Investigation of Hydrocarbon Two-phase Flow for Charge Reduced Heat Exchangers. (ntnu.edu)

Because ni3s2 does not melt congruently, the heat of fusion of 4.70 Kcal/mol was obtained by extrapolation of enthalpy measurements from the solid and liquid phases to approximately 1,064 k. (cdc.gov)

Further, we describe a transmission grating-based interferometer for the generation of stable, phase-locked pulse pairs. (lu.se)

This remarkable transferability across a phase transition was achieved by choosing an appropriate state point for the reference simulation for the structure-based coarse graining procedure. (ucsb.edu)
In the case of Si, the extreme of a first-order transition from strong to extremely fragile liquid state is manifested in the supercooled regime. (elsevierpure.com)

These phase transition intervals have been analyzed using a mean field model. (metu.edu.tr)

Though "quantum phase transitions" may be an off-putting term, Sachdev uses the familiar event of ice melting to water to explain what is going on. (harvard.edu)
In the melting of ice, heat is added and causes a phase transition from solid to a liquid. (harvard.edu)

the heterophase regions and also the phase transition temperatures have been determined for these materials with high accuracy. (metu.edu.tr)

Selective separation of the analytes is achieved using high-performance liquid chromatography with a gradient elution program. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy10

Organisms6

Chemicals and Drugs103

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment45

Phenomena and Processes81

Disciplines and Occupations11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture12

Information Science6

Health Care7

Crystals14

Behavior6

Tetrahedral1

Behaviour2

Ionic1

Solids1

Gaseous3

Mixtures1

Glass transition2

Temperature9

Processes3

Undergo3

Crossover1

Metastable4

Nematic phase1

Quantum phase tran3

LLPT2

Emergent4

Ratios1

Smectic3

Structural3

Equilibrium1

Dynamics5

Finite1

Insulator2

Spin liquid2

Polymers1

Isotropic phase1

Fluctuations1

Correlation2

Occurs1

Exhibit1

Abstract1

Critical4

Polymer2

Phenomena1

Crystalline2

Theories2

Study4

Systems2

Theory3

Density1

Flow1

Solid and liquid1

Describe1

State2

Model1

Melting2

Temperatures1

Separation1