• Although lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase is found ubiquitously throughout the body with higher levels in the kidney, heart, small intestine, muscles and the liver, evidence suggests that this enzyme is regulates lipid metabolism in the mitochondria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phosphatidic acid (PA) is an important intermediate in membrane lipid metabolism that acts as a key component of signaling networks, regulating the spatio-temporal dynamics of the endomembrane system and the cytoskeleton. (frontiersin.org)
  • Strong associations exist between branched chain amino acids (BCAA) and dysregulated glucose and lipid metabolism, but underlying mechanisms are not well understood. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • We studied the impact of modulating the activity of the BCKDH kinase (BDK) and phosphatase (PPM1K) on amino acid, glucose and lipid metabolism in Zucker fatty rats (ZFR). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Together these studies reveal a novel regulatory function for BDK and PPM1K in integration of BCAA and lipid metabolism. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Fig. 6: Dietary amino acid imbalance alters whole-body metabolism. (nature.com)
  • Cholesterol metabolism in the brain is independent of peripheral tissues due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that impairs the entrance of the protein-bound lipid into the central nervous system (CNS). (frontiersin.org)
  • Key processes such as detoxification, cell apoptosis, and lipid metabolism are pivotal during host-parasite interactions. (bvsalud.org)
  • In the liver and in other tissues, seladelpar also drives lipid metabolism resulting in reductions in LDL-cholesterol and fatty acids. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • and lipid metabolism. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Here, we report that sumoylation of PPARγ couples lipid metabolism to tumor suppressive function of the receptor in lung cancer. (oncotarget.com)
  • More importantly, it turns out that PPARγ regulation of lipid metabolism was dependent on sumoylation of PPARγ. (oncotarget.com)
  • Therefore, liganded PPARγ sumoylation is not only critical for cellular lipid metabolism but also induces oxidative stress that contributes to tumor suppressive function of PPARγ. (oncotarget.com)
  • This study provides an important insight of future translational and clinical research into targeting PPARγ regulation of lipid metabolism in lung cancer patients accompanying type 2 diabetes. (oncotarget.com)
  • PFHpS exposure altered the expression of genes associated with steatosis, fatty acid metabolism, hepatotoxicity, lipid transport, and necrosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Phosphoinositides (PPIs) together with various kinases and phosphatases were described as specific lipids and enzymes with signaling functions earlier ( Martin, 1998 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Levels of cellular protein phosphorylation are modulated both by protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
  • Furthermore, kinases and phosphatases may work together to modulate the strength of a signal. (rupress.org)
  • Adding further complexity to this picture is the fact that both kinases and phosphatases can function in signaling networks where multiple kinases and phosphatases contribute to the outcome of a pathway. (rupress.org)
  • To fully understand this complex and essential regulatory process, the kinases and phosphatases mediating the changes in cellular phosphorylation must be identified and characterized. (rupress.org)
  • A variety of approaches, including biochemical purification, gene isolation by homology, and genetic screens, have been successfully used for the identification of putative protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
  • Lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase type 6 is an acid phosphatase enzyme that is encoded in humans by the ACP6 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Analysis of the pocket shows that the active site pocket has space for one long fatty acid chain, but not for two fatty chains, furthermore supporting that this enzyme has strong preference for LPAs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Soon after the deprotonation of the histidine residue and the protonation of the aspartic acid residue, the histidine residue will deprotonate the aspartic acid residue, preparing the enzyme to hydrolyze an LPA again. (wikipedia.org)
  • Elevated levels of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase, or ALP, in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a marker of cholestasis, or impaired bile flow in the liver. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • The soluble epoxide hydrolase encoded by EPXH2 is a bifunctional enzyme with novel lipid phosphate phosphatase activity. (proteopedia.org)
  • 2. Prostate, on the contrary, produces two very important proteins, namely, Acid phosphatase enzyme and prostate specific antigen. (forensicsdigest.com)
  • Some treatment with 1 and 5 mM CaCl2 mitigated cadmium stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities: catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), as well as by elevating contents of ascorbic acid (ASA), tocopherol and carotenoids. (notulaebotanicae.ro)
  • Using tobacco pollen tubes as a model, we addressed the signaling effects of PA by probing the functions of three most relevant enzymes that regulate the production and degradation of PA, namely, phospholipases D (PLD), diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs), and lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). (frontiersin.org)
  • apoptosis lipid phosphate phosphatase ( LPP ) lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signalling sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) sphingosine kinase (SK) Mammalian LPPs (lipid phosphate phosphatases) are integral membrane. (silverchair.com)
  • In the present study, glucose, acid and alkaline phosphatases (ACP and ALP), α-amylase and lipase were measured for the first time in tissue homogenates of Biomphalaria arabica snails, molluscan intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni in Saudi Arabia. (scialert.net)
  • Normalization of insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and lipid profile by Swietenia Mahagoni (l.) jacq. (uni-mysore.ac.in)
  • Results: MAE treatment improved glucose levels, reduced the insulin resistance, improved glucose tolerance, improved pancreatic β-cell health, decreased glycated hemoglobin content, reduced lipid peroxides, and improved glycogen content and the activity of enzymes involved in the synthesis of glycogen in the liver. (uni-mysore.ac.in)
  • Elevated branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with obesity and insulin resistance. (nature.com)
  • These effects are not due to elevated BCAA per se or hepatic mammalian target of rapamycin activation, but instead are due to a shift in the relative quantity of dietary BCAAs and other amino acids, notably tryptophan and threonine. (nature.com)
  • Increasing the ratio of BCAAs to these amino acids results in hyperphagia and is associated with central serotonin depletion. (nature.com)
  • However, total phenol, total free amino acids, proline and lipid peroxidation increased with increasing concentrations of cadmium acetate. (notulaebotanicae.ro)
  • Children who need TPN may have different fluid requirements and need more energy (up to 120 kcal/kg/day) and amino acids (up to 2.5 or 3.5 g/kg/day). (msdmanuals.com)
  • One factor contributing to elevated BCAA in obesity is inhibitory phosphorylation of the branched chain keto-acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDH) in liver. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Liver lipids of fish fed diets without vitamin E also exhibited a lower ratio of 22:6n-3 to 22:5n-3 and n-3 fatty acids. (canada.ca)
  • Levels of lipid peroxides in rat caecum, blood, liver and kidney and the capacity of tissue homogenates to form lipid peroxides in vitro was enhanced after caecal amoebiasis in rats produced by Entamoeba histolytica (IB-1). (ias.ac.in)
  • The activity of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in post-mitochondrial fraction and the cytochrome P 450 contents in microsomal fraction decreased significantly, while lysosomal enzymes such as acid phosphatase, acid ribonuclease and cathepsin B showed an increase in the liver homogenates of infected animals. (ias.ac.in)
  • In the liver, alkaline phosphatase is cytosolic and present in the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte. (statpearls.com)
  • [1] Alkaline phosphatase is present in decreasing concentrations in the placenta, ileal mucosa, kidney, bone, and liver. (statpearls.com)
  • The majority of alkaline phosphatase in serum (more than 80%) is released from the liver and bone, and in small amounts from the intestine. (statpearls.com)
  • Bile acids that are normally shuttled from the liver to the gall bladder and then the intestines for the necessary role they plan in digestion begin to accumulate in the liver and become toxic. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • First, important in the setting of PBC, we know that seladelpar inhibits bile acid synthesis, reducing the toxic accumulation of bile acids in the liver resulting in a reduction in alkaline phosphatase and inflammation. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Castor leaves ethanolic extract 250/500mg/kg body weight possesses hepatoprotective activity due to their inhibitory activities of an increase in the activities of serum transaminases and the level of liver lipid per oxidation, protein, glycogen and the activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase in liver induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCL 4 ). (scind.org)
  • Quantitative Proteome Analysis of Mouse Liver Lysosomes Provides Evidence for Mannose 6-phosphate-independent Targeting Mechanisms of Acid Hydrolases in Mucolipidosis II. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Regarding hepatic effects, PFHpS significantly increased liver weight, serum alkaline phosphatase, and serum alanine aminotransferase. (cdc.gov)
  • Phylogenetic analysis indicated a highly dynamic evolution of all three lipid-modifying enzymes in land plants, with many clade-specific duplications or losses and massive diversification of the C2-PLD family. (frontiersin.org)
  • This communication system is based on specific lipids as messengers and enzymes responsible for their production and degradation. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2005). Carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes (e.g., α-amylase), lipid degrading enzymes (e.g., lipase) and phosphatases (acid and alkaline phosphatases) were recorded among target enzymes which should be disturbed and may provide more accurate information on the molluscicide-induced stress on molluscs. (scialert.net)
  • The secretions contain carbohydrates, lipids and some enzymes like esterases, acid phosphatases as well as compatibility controlling proteins. (studymateriall.com)
  • The prostatic secretion, influenced by dihydrotestosterone, is a whitish (sometimes clear), thin fluid containing proteolytic enzymes, citric acid, acid phosphatase and lipids. (forensicsdigest.com)
  • In differentiating 3T3-L1 cells, lipid spheres, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), microperoxisomes, and mitochondria form "constellations" that may reflect the interplay of lipid metabolizing enzymes in these organelles. (silverchair.com)
  • These are the same factors, along with low levels of acid-fast gastrointestinal phosphatase, which make it difficult for Type A to process and use biological proteins and lipids. (ghaniassociate.com)
  • Neuromelanin organelles are specialized autolysosomes that accumulate undegraded proteins and lipids in aging human brain and are likely involved in Parkinson's disease. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Parasitization has an enormous impact on hosts physiology of which five major effects are discussed in this review: the impact on immune responses, induction of developmental arrest, increases in lipid levels, apoptosis and nutrient releases. (mdpi.com)
  • Although alkaline phosphatases are present in different body tissues and have different physiochemical properties, they are true isoenzymes because they catalyze the same reaction. (statpearls.com)
  • Even though alkaline phosphatases are present in many tissues throughout the body, their precise physiological function remains largely unknown. (statpearls.com)
  • Alkaline phosphatases are classified as tissue-specific and tissue-nonspecific types. (statpearls.com)
  • Alkaline phosphatases found in the intestine, placenta, and germinal tissue are tissue-specific. (statpearls.com)
  • The tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatases form most of the fraction circulating in serum and, therefore, are of clinical interest. (statpearls.com)
  • The human alkaline phosphatases (hALP) are found anchored on the cell membrane by glycosylphosphatidylinositol. (statpearls.com)
  • Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an important bioactive phospholipid involved in cell signaling through Gprotein-coupled receptors pathways. (rcsb.org)
  • Phospholipid Phosphatase 4 promotes proliferation and tumorigenesis, and activates Ca(2+)-permeable Cationic Channel in lung carcinoma cells. (nih.gov)
  • STP, serine/threonine protein phosphatase. (rupress.org)
  • Two major QTLs, uuqA5-6 and uuqA5-7 , simultaneously affected the fatty acids, except C18:0, in most of environments, with the homologous genes fatty acid desaturase 2 ( FAD2 ) and glycerol-3-phosphate sn-2-acyltransferase 5 ( GPAT5 ) occurring in the confidence interval of uuqA5-6 , while phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase 1 ( PAH1 ) was assigned to uuqA5-7 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lipid signaling employs various messenger molecules that carry out communication between the plasma membrane, the endomembrane compartments, and the cytoplasm. (frontiersin.org)
  • Prostatic xanthoma comprises collections of histiocytes with finely vacuolated, lipid-laden cytoplasm. (medscape.com)
  • This is evidence that the active site requires this "claw" to hold on to the phosphate group, the aspartic acid residue to activate a water molecule, and the histidine residue to provide a proton to form the alcohol. (wikipedia.org)
  • The vast hydrophobic substrate-binding pocket, which is located between those two domains, is suitable for accommodating LPA, and its shape is different from that of other histidine acid phosphatases, a fact that is consistent with the observed difference in substrate preferences. (rcsb.org)
  • This gene encodes a member of the histidine acid phosphatase protein family. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Fish fed diets without vitamin E and highly oxidized dietary lipids showed increased hepatic malonaldehyde concentrations indicating a response to oxidative stress. (canada.ca)
  • Oxidized lipids and lack of dietary vitamin E significantly increased saturated and decreased polyunsaturated hepatic fatty acids. (canada.ca)
  • Activation of phosphatidic acid phosphatase promotes hepatic triglyceride synthesis, induces secretion of triglyceride-rich, very low-density lipoprotein particles, and consequently, increases plasma triglyceride levels. (medscape.com)
  • Pregnancy urinary concentrations of bisphenol A, parabens and other phenols in relation to serum levels of lipid biomarkers: Results from the EARTH study. (cdc.gov)
  • Peptide sequencing of a candidate phosphatase was consistent with phosphatidic acid phosphatase domain containing 2 (PPAPDC2), an uncharacterized protein that contains a lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase consensus motif. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Together, these findings indicate that PPAPDC2 in human PMN is the first lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase identified for PSDP. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Phosphatidate Phosphatase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Phosphatidate Phosphatase" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Phosphatidate Phosphatase" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Phosphatidate Phosphatase" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • and phosphatidate phosphatase activity. (nih.gov)
  • Cloning and characterization of DPPL1 and DPPL2, representatives of a novel type of mammalian phosphatidate phosphatase. (nih.gov)
  • Particular attention was given to the distribution and expression of sEH in the human brain, deepening into the enzyme's phosphatase activity and its participation in brain cholesterol synthesis. (frontiersin.org)
  • We also provide a compilation of sEH distribution and expression in the human brain and deepen the discussion on the enzyme's N-terminal phosphatase activity and its involvement in the synthesis of cholesterol. (frontiersin.org)
  • We found that ligand activation of PPARγ dramatically induced de novo lipid synthesis as well as fatty acid beta (β)-oxidation in lung cancer both in vitro and in vivo . (oncotarget.com)
  • Further biochemical analysis revealed that PPARγ-mediated lipid synthesis depletes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), consequently resulting in increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level that subsequently disrupted REDOX balance in lung cancer. (oncotarget.com)
  • Utsab Subedi presented "Regulation of lysolipid Signaling by lipid phosphate Phosphatase in vascular injury' moderated poster at industry day held at LSU Health Shreveport on October 11, 2019. (lsuhs.edu)
  • Due to its promising beneficial effects on the skin, it was used, in this work, as a potential novel multi-functional carrier, instead of OA in the preparation of novel fatty acid vesicles. (researchgate.net)
  • UCDA is a naturally-occurring bile acid that increases bile acid flow and promotes secretion of bile acids. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Lipid phosphate phosphatase-2 promotes tumor growth through increased c-Myc expression. (harvard.edu)
  • Here, we have identified and characterized a phosphatase that converts PSDP to PSMP. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The encoded protein hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid, which is involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling, lipid raft modulation, and in balancing lipid composition within the cell. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The morphological differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes includes the loss of "stress fibers" and the appearance of microfilament like structures that encase, in a complex manner, the cytosolic lipid spheres that appear during differentiation. (silverchair.com)
  • As in hepatocytes and absorptive cells of the intestine, this spatial relationship of ER and plasmalemma suggests a role for rosettes in the uptake of exogenous lipid precursors. (silverchair.com)
  • Unconditional and conditional QTL analyses of seed fatty acid composition in Brassica napus L. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The fatty acid composition of B. napus ' seeds determines the oil's nutritional and industrial values, and affects seed germination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • however, the genetic basis of the fatty acid composition in B. napus is still not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fatty acid (FA) composition significantly affects the function, quality and nutritional properties of vegetable oils. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Daily administration of a selective inhibitor of BDK, BT2 (20mg.kg -1 , IP), for one week or expression of a recombinant adenovirus overexpressing PPM1K significantly lowered BCAA and branched chain keto acid (BCKA) levels in ZFR. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Generally, the modern rapeseed varieties produce oil with less than 2% erucic acid, 5% to 8% saturated fats (mainly palmitic and stearic acids), 60% to 65% monounsaturated fats (mainly oleic acid) and 30% to 35% polyunsaturated fats (mainly linoleic and linolenic acids) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CymaBay announced recently the initiation of its 52-week, placebo-controlled, randomized, phase 3 study - 'Intended to Determine the Effects of seladelpar on normalization of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) Levels in subjects with Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)' known as IDEAL. (outsourcing-pharma.com)
  • Alkaline phosphatase levels in serum and bone were increased when vitamin E was present within the diet indicating higher bone formation activity by osteoblasts. (canada.ca)
  • The most frequent skeletal deformity observed was scoliosis, spanning the cephalic/prehemal regions, as well as the anterior hemal region of the vertebral column, which increased the frequency according to elevated levels of oxidized dietary lipid. (canada.ca)
  • High levels of cholesterol or other fats ( lipids ) in the blood ( hyperlipidemia ). (webmd.com)
  • The gene sapM codes for an acid phosphatase, which plays a vital function in the course of phagosome maturation by interfering with the levels of phosphotidylinositol ZM241385 biological activity phosphate (PIP) on the phagosomes. (signsin1dayinc.com)
  • Mice homozygous for a hypomorphic allele are viable and fertile with elevated plasma levels of lysophosphatidic acid. (jax.org)
  • Presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) is a bioactive lipid that rapidly remodels to presqualene monophosphate (PSMP) upon cell activation (Levy, B. D., Petasis, N. A., and Serhan, C. N. (1997) Nature 389, 985-990). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a type of fat . (webmd.com)
  • There is an increase in obesity among the population of industrialized countries, and dietary supplementation with Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) has been reported to lower body fat mass. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CLA is a group of fatty acids that has a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid with conjugated double bonds, which may be of cis and trans configuration at positions 9 and 11 or 10 and 12 [ 8 , 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The HPLC analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid, scopoletin, coumarin, epicatechin, and ellagic acid, and their presence was confirmed by LCMS analysis. (uni-mysore.ac.in)
  • 05) decreased after 2 months of storage at freezer temperature (−20°C). GC-MS analysis indicated that the amount of 10‐hydroxy‐2‐decanoic acid (10H2DA) in RJP was 3.85 times more than that of fresh royal jelly. (researchgate.net)
  • It has two different catalytic activities, each assigned to one of its terminal domains: the C-terminal domain presents hydrolase activity, whereas the N-terminal domain exhibits phosphatase activity. (frontiersin.org)
  • The role of sEH's phosphatase activity has been so far poorly investigated in the context of the central nervous system physiology. (frontiersin.org)
  • The N-terminal domain has lipid phosphatase activity, with the highest activity towards threo-9,10-phosphonooxy-hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, followed by erythro-9,10-phosphonooxy-hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9Z-enoic acid, 12-phosphonooxy-octadec-9E-enoic acid, and p-nitrophenyl phospate. (proteopedia.org)
  • PSDP phosphatase activity was identified in activated human neutrophil (PMN) extracts and partially purified in the presence of Nonidet P-40 with gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Castor antioxidant activity can be concluded by using lipid method and free radical scavenging effect on 2,2 picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and hydroxyl hydrogen peroxide. (scind.org)
  • The responsible chemical constituent of antioxidant activity are Methyl ricinoleate, Ricinoleic acid, 12 octadecadienoic acid and methyl ester stem and leave extracts also produce antioxidant activity due to the presence of flavonoids in their extracts. (scind.org)