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HistonesHistone DeacetylasesNucleosomesChromatinHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsAcetylationHistone AcetyltransferasesHistone ChaperonesChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyHistone Deacetylase 1MethylationMicrococcal NucleaseHistone CodeHistone Deacetylase 2Nucleosome Assembly Protein 1Histone DemethylasesBALB 3T3 CellsHydroxamic AcidsHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseProtein BindingMolecular Sequence DataDNATranscription, GeneticHeterochromatinAmino Acid SequenceNuclear ProteinsTetrahymena thermophilaChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneChickensEpigenesis, GeneticPhysarum polycephalumHeLa CellsJumonji Domain-Containing Histone DemethylasesFluorescence Recovery After PhotobleachingRNA, Ribosomal, 5SSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsDNA-Binding ProteinsGene SilencingAcetyltransferasesTranscription FactorsProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalBase SequenceModels, MolecularChromatin ImmunoprecipitationBinding SitesProtein MethyltransferasesDNA MethylationGene Expression RegulationCell NucleusMutationSaccharomyces cerevisiaeRepressor ProteinsProtein Structure, Tertiaryp300-CBP Transcription FactorsPhosphorylationXenopusCell LineHigh Mobility Group ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, FungalChromosomesOocytesErythrocytesCell CycleProtein Interaction Domains and MotifsProtein ConformationXenopus laevisButyratesCell ExtractsCell Cycle ProteinsTranscriptional ActivationSequence Homology, Amino AcidRNA, MessengerHelix-Turn-Helix MotifsRNA InterferenceNucleic Acid ConformationSin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor ComplexProtamine KinaseMolecular ChaperonesKineticsMicroscopy, Atomic ForceMitosisInterphaseGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalDrosophila ProteinsCell Line, TumorSpermatogenesisBlotting, WesternElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelEuchromatinSaltsImmunoprecipitationCross-Linking ReagentsEnzyme InhibitorsRecombinant ProteinsSpermatozoaValproic AcidMethyltransferasesCell DifferentiationAutoantigensProtein Isoforms
VariantsProteinGenesProteinsMember of the histoneMethylationNucleosomesOocyte specificMammalianGlobular domainReplication-dependentH1.0SomaticTestis specificChromosomeEukaryoticLysineGene expressionOctamerNuclearChromosomesCompactionDeacetylaseVariantChaperonesRpd3SPeptideAcetylationPost-translationalModificationSynthesisTranscriptionRolesRegulatesUnlikeEpigeneticPromotersMolecularStructuralRecognitionFluorescenceCoreSpecificVivoStructure
Variants10
  • The discovery of H1 variants in calf thymus preceded the discovery of core histone variants. (wikipedia.org)
  • TS - testis specific, OO - oocyte specific variants Histone H1 differs strongly from the core histones. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multiple nomenclatures (around 12) for linker histone variants have been proposed and used in publications previously, greatly complicating comparison across studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2012, a diverse group of scientists from multiple institutions across the world working on different aspects of histone biology proposed a unified phylogeny-based nomenclature for histone variants, including H1 histones, with the aim of producing informative and easily searchable histone variant names. (wikipedia.org)
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) binding properties of histone H1 variants. (nih.gov)
  • Unlike core histones the linker histone H1 family is more evolutionarily diverse and many organisms have multiple H1 variants or subtypes. (healthweeks.com)
  • Histone H1 in humans is a family of closely related solitary gene-encoded proteins including seven somatic subtypes (H1.1 to H1.5 H1.0 and H1X) three testis-specific variants (H1t H1T2 and HILS1) and one restricted to oocytes (H1oo) (5 6 One of the somatic histone H1 variations H1.1 to H1.5 are expressed within a replication-dependent way whereas H1.0 and H1X are replication-independent. (healthweeks.com)
  • To totally understand the function of histone H1 and its own variants several research have got explored the genomic distribution of H1 (10). (healthweeks.com)
  • Borg M, Jiang D, Berger F (2021) Histone variants take center stage in shaping the epigenome. (oeaw.ac.at)
  • In this talk, I'd like to discuss with you the issue concerning histone dynamics, their heritability, and their existence in the form of variants. (hstalks.com)
Protein16
  • In molecular biology, the linker histone H1 is a protein family forming a critical component of eukaryotic chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rather than originating from archaeal histones, it probably evolved from a bacterial protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • After fusion of an oocyte with a cell expressing GFP (green fluorescent protein)-tagged somatic linker histone H1c, immediate release of H1c in the donor nucleus was observed. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fiber. (joplink.net)
  • Recombinant Histone H3S10ph (EPL) has been generated using the patented Expressed Protein Ligation (EPL) technology. (activemotif.com)
  • The ligation reaction maintains the native histone bonds, and the resulting recombinant protein more closely mimics natural histones. (activemotif.com)
  • Histone H1 is a linker protein, present at the interface between the nucleosome core and DNA entry/exit points. (activemotif.com)
  • Recombinant Histone H3 phospho Ser10 (H3S10ph) proteins are generated using expressed protein ligation (EPL) technology. (activemotif.com)
  • The purified protein is subsequently ligated to a N-terminal histone tail peptide containing phosphorylated serine 10 via a native peptide bond. (activemotif.com)
  • Protein concentration was determined using the molar extinction coefficient for Histone H3 and absorbance at 280nm. (activemotif.com)
  • Now, CCR scientists have uncovered a key determinant of these growth-sus-taining cells: loss of a DNA-packaging protein called linker histone H1.0. (cancer.gov)
  • Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
  • Zheng Q, Osunsade A, David Y. Protein arginine deiminase 4 antagonizes methlyglyoxal-induced histone glycation. (mskcc.org)
  • GCNA is a histone binding protein required for spermatogonial stem cell maintenance. (axonmedchem.com)
  • In 5 of 6 gene mutations that have been shown to cause EDMD, the affected protein is present in the LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex. (medscape.com)
  • They bind to structural components (emerin, nesprin), chromatin components (histone), signal transduction molecules (protein kinase C), and several gene regulatory molecules. (medscape.com)
Genes13
  • They are encoded by genes within histone cluster 1 located in human cells on chromosome 6. (wikipedia.org)
  • The H1.1 to H1.5-encoding genes are clustered in an area of chromosome 6 alongside the core histone genes whereas the H1X and H1.0 genes are on chromosomes 3 and 22 respectively. (healthweeks.com)
  • Enhancer and insulator flank the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) a-histone H2A transcription unit in a tandem repeated cluster containing the five histone genes. (unipa.it)
  • The regulation of transcription of histone genes differs between eukaryotes. (news-medical.net)
  • The replication independent histone genes are transcribed at a relatively constant low rate, regardless of cell cycle stage. (news-medical.net)
  • However, most of the vertebrate histone genes are replication dependent and are therefore more highly expressed during the cell cycle's S phase. (news-medical.net)
  • Given that the replication dependent histone genes all activate upon entry into the S phase, it is speculated that there exists some further upstream regulatory element. (news-medical.net)
  • This mechanism is hypothesized to transduce a shared signal that activates the transcription of histone genes when the G1/S phase boundary is reached. (news-medical.net)
  • Therefore, NPAT could be the link between cell cycle machinery and shared heightened transcription of histone genes during S phase. (news-medical.net)
  • By influencing how DNA is compacted into chromatin, histones help determine which of a cell's genes are turned on and which are turned off. (cancer.gov)
  • Histone H1.0 is usually most abundant in specialized cells with little ability to divide, where most growth-promoting genes are kept safely off. (cancer.gov)
  • A hint comes from the finding that when tumor cells stop producing H1.0 histones, chromatin structure is altered and growth-promoting genes become reactivated. (cancer.gov)
  • Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
Proteins10
Member of the histone1
  • This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H1 family. (nih.gov)
Methylation5
Nucleosomes2
  • Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. (nih.gov)
  • The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. (nih.gov)
Oocyte specific3
  • The most distinctive feature of oocyte-specific linker histones is the specific timing of their expression during embryonic development. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In Xenopus nuclear transfer, somatic linker histones in the donor nucleus are replaced with oocyte-specific linker histone B4, leading to the involvement of oocyte-specific linker histones in nuclear reprogramming. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We recently have discovered a mouse oocyte-specific linker histone, named H1foo, and demonstrated its expression pattern in normal preimplantation embryos. (elsevierpure.com)
Mammalian2
  • We propose to use the fruit fly, Drosphila melanogaster, as a model system because it provides many advantages for studies of chromosome structure and genetic activity and because Drosophila H1 strongly resembles mammalian H1 linker histones. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The main mammalian histone subtypes ( H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 ) and the linker H1 are located in different gene clusters. (news-medical.net)
Globular domain2
  • Unlike core histones featuring a so-called histone fold, H1s typically have a short basic N-terminal domain, a globular domain and a lysine-rich C-terminal domain (the N- and C-termini are also referred to as tails). (wikipedia.org)
  • In EPL, the histone globular domain is ligated to a peptide that contains the N-terminal histone tail with the desired site-specific modification. (activemotif.com)
Replication-dependent1
  • Histones can be classified as replication dependent or replication independent, which is decided by their expression pattern during the cell cycle. (news-medical.net)
H1.01
  • Supporting this idea, Scaffidi and colleagues also noted that histone H1.0 is consistently low in cancer stem cells, which have an unlimited potential to divide. (cancer.gov)
Somatic1
  • The present study was undertaken to determine whether the replacement of somatic linker histones with H1foo occurs during the process of mouse nuclear transfer. (elsevierpure.com)
Testis specific2
  • Relaxed Chromatin Formation and Weak Suppression of Homologous Pairing by the Testis-Specific Linker Histone H1T. (nih.gov)
  • These results suggested that the testis-specific linker histone, H1T, possesses a specific function to produce the chromatin architecture required for proper chromosome regulation, such as homologous recombination. (nih.gov)
Chromosome2
  • This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6. (nih.gov)
  • DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this proposal is to understand the functions of H1 linker histone in chromosome structure and activity. (elsevierpure.com)
Eukaryotic1
  • PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goals of this project are to understand the functions of a major component of all eukaryotic chromosomes called H1 linker histone. (elsevierpure.com)
Lysine2
  • It is dimethylated at Lys27 and monomethylated Lys36, with a C-terminal G linker followed by a biotinylated lysine. (eurogentec.com)
  • The nature of the recognition of acetyl-lysine by the P/CAF bromodomain is similar to that of acetyl-CoA by histone acetyltransferase. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Gene expression2
Octamer2
  • H1 histones bind to the linker DNA exiting from the nucleosome core particle, while the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) form the octamer core of the nucleosome around which the DNA is wrapped. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fluorescence spectroscopy data suggest that PfNapS interacts with core histones (tetramer, octamer, H3, H4, H2A and H2B) at a different site from its interaction with linker histone H1. (biomedcentral.com)
Nuclear1
  • In addition to playing an important role in histone exchange during nuclear processes, histone chaperones function in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of histones, in histone storage, in nucleosome assembly and they act as a link between chromatin remodeling factors and histones [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Chromosomes1
Compaction1
  • These findings suggest that ISWI plays a global role in chromatin compaction in vivo by promoting the association of the linker histone H1 with chromatin. (ca.gov)
Deacetylase1
Variant2
  • Linker histone variant H1T targets rDNA repeats. (nih.gov)
  • specific histone deposition pathways for each variant? (hstalks.com)
Chaperones1
  • This work presents a thorough analysis of the structural, functional and regulatory attributes of PfNapS from P. falciparum with respect to previously studied histone chaperones. (biomedcentral.com)
Rpd3S2
  • Here, we determined several cryo-EM structures of Rpd3S in complex with nucleosome core particles (NCPs), including the H3/H4 deacetylation states, the alternative deacetylation state, the linker tightening state, and a state in which Rpd3S co-exists with the Hho1 linker histone on NCP. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Furthermore, our structures illustrate that Rpd3S reconfigures the DNA linkers and acts in concert with Hho1 to engage the NCP, potentially unraveling how Rpd3S and Hho1 work in tandem for gene silencing. (yeastgenome.org)
Peptide2
  • This Histone H4 acetyl Lys8 antibody was raised against a peptide containing acetyl Lys8 of human Histone H4. (fishersci.com)
  • This peptide is Histone 3, with amino acid residues 21 to 44. (eurogentec.com)
Acetylation4
Post-translational1
  • Recombinant histones are suitable for use as positive controls in the analysis of histone post-translational modifications, as substrates for histone modification enzymes, or to generate chromatin in vitro . (activemotif.com)
Modification1
  • Many promoters in embryonic stem (ES) cells harbor a distinctive histone modification signature that combines the activating histone H3 Lys 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) mark an. (researchgate.net)
Synthesis1
Transcription1
  • A cyclin E-CDK2 substrate called NPAT has been found to be associated with histone gene clusters, and cyclin E-CDK2 bolsters activation of histone gene transcription by NPAT. (news-medical.net)
Roles1
Regulates1
  • ISWI regulates higher-order chromatin structure and histone H1 assembly in vivo. (ca.gov)
Unlike1
Epigenetic1
  • We model central nervous system development using organoids, and select three histone modifications as proxies for dynamic epigenetic change and validate our findings in a primary developing human brain. (researchgate.net)
Promoters1
  • This article deals with the specificity of interaction between the H2A enhancer-bound MBF-1 activator and histone gene promoters, and with the mechanism that leads the H1 transcripts to peak at about one-third of the value for nucleosomal H3 and H2A mRNAs. (unipa.it)
Molecular1
  • The molecular weight of the recombinant histone is 15,306 Daltons. (activemotif.com)
Structural1
  • Structural homology between the Rap30 DNA-binding domain and linker histone H5: implications for preinitiation complex assembly. (expasy.org)
Recognition1
  • This analysis illustrates two regions on the PfNapS dimer as the possible sites for histone recognition. (biomedcentral.com)
Fluorescence1
  • Fluorescence spectroscopy was performed to identify histone-binding sites on PfNapS. (biomedcentral.com)
Core4
  • H1s are also less conserved than the core histones. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, they suggest that both the H2A enhancer and the sns5 insulator may account for the diverse accumulation of the linker H1 versus the core nucleosomal histones during early development of the sea urchin embryo. (unipa.it)
  • Histone H3 is one of the core components of the nucleosome. (activemotif.com)
  • First, you have the DNA in the form of a helix, which is wrapped around the core histones to form the nucleosome-the sort of tennis ball that was represented before- which then folds up further to give chromatin fibers, which further fold up and then organize in the nucleus to form different domains. (hstalks.com)
Specific3
  • The histone H1 family: specific members, specific functions? (wikipedia.org)
  • Nonetheless it has also been suggested that histone H1 takes on a more dynamic and gene-specific part participating in the rules of gene manifestation. (healthweeks.com)
  • TETs' role in the crosstalk with specific histone modifications, however, is largely elusive. (researchgate.net)
Vivo2
  • The loss of ISWI function does not cause obvious defects in nucleosome assembly, but results in a significant reduction in the level of histone H1 associated with chromatin in vivo. (ca.gov)
  • Prescott NA, David Y. In Vivo Histone Labeling Using Ultrafast trans-Splicing Inteins. (mskcc.org)
Structure3
  • Structure and expression of the human gene encoding testicular H1 histone (H1t). (nih.gov)
  • We report the 9.7 Å resolution crystal structure of a 6-nucleosome array bound to linker histone H1 determined under ionic conditions that favor incomplete chromatin condensation. (nih.gov)
  • Structure and ligand of a histone acetyltransferase bromodomain. (embl-heidelberg.de)