Limitations probes biological assay. Medical search. Frequent questions

Traditional biological methods for flu virus detection include genetic analysis -- reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) used in immunology. (asiaresearchnews.com)
Aptamers as a replacement for antibodies in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (basepairbio.com)

A hybridization assay comprises any form of quantifiable hybridization i.e. the quantitative annealing of two complementary strands of nucleic acids, known as nucleic acid hybridization. (wikipedia.org)
In the context of biochemistry and drug development, a hybridization assay is a type of Ligand Binding Assay (LBA) used to quantify nucleic acids in biological matrices. (wikipedia.org)
Hybridization assays can be in solution or on a solid support such as 96-well plates or labelled beads. (wikipedia.org)
Hybridization assays involve labelled nucleic acid probes to identify related DNA or RNA molecules (i.e. with significantly high degree of sequence similarity) within a complex mixture of unlabelled nucleic acid molecules. (wikipedia.org)
Antisense therapy, siRNA, and other oligonucleotide and nucleic acid based biotherapeutics can be quantified with hybridization assays. (wikipedia.org)
Signalling of hybridization methods can be performed using oligonucleotide probes modified in-synthesis with haptens and small molecule ligands which act homologous to the capture and detection antibodies. (wikipedia.org)
In the sandwich hybridization ELISA assay format, the antigen ligand and antibodies in ELISA are replaced with a nucleic acid analyte, complementary oligonucleotide capture and detection probes. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, optimal salt concentration in hybridization assays varies dependent upon the length and base composition of the analyte, capture and detection probes. (wikipedia.org)
The competitive hybridization assay is similar to a traditional competitive immunoassay. (wikipedia.org)
Like other hybridization assays, it relies on complementarity, where the capture probe competes between the analyte and the tracer-a labelled oligonucleotide analog to the analyte. (wikipedia.org)
In the hybridization-ligation assay a template probe replaces the capture probe in the sandwich assay for immobilization to the solid support. (wikipedia.org)
The specificity of the hybridization-ligation assay for ligation at the 3'-end is particularly relevant because the predominant nucleases in blood are 3' to 5' exonucleases. (wikipedia.org)
The dual ligation hybridization assay (DLA) extends the specificity of the hybridization-ligation assay to a specific method for the parent compound. (wikipedia.org)
Despite hybridization-ligation assay's robustness, sensitivity and added specificity for the 3'-end of the oligonculeotide analyte, the hybridization-ligation assay is not specific for the 5' end of the analyte. (wikipedia.org)
As for the hybridization-ligation assay, the DLA is specific for the parent compound because the efficiency of ligation over a bulge loop is low, and thus the DLA detects the full-length analyte with both intact 5' and 3'-ends. (wikipedia.org)
The limitations with the hybridization-ligation assay also apply to the dual ligation assay, with the 5'-end in addition to the 3'-end requiring to have a free hydroxyl (or a phosphate group). (wikipedia.org)
Existing methods for measuring transcript levels in single cells include RT-qPCR (1), single molecule counting using digital PCR (2) or hybridization probes (3, 4), and next generation sequencing (5). (justia.com)
These assays designate proviral DNA as intact or defective based on hybridization of PCR-amplified proviral DNA to probes in two to five relatively conserved locations on the HIV-1 genome. (nature.com)
The hybridization LC-MS/MS platform provided unique advantages, including minimal matrix effects and high specificity, compared with traditional ligand binding assays or liquid scintillation approaches, which enabled efficient and reliable in vitro protein binding assay. (aspetjournals.org)

Furthermore, the development of quantitative single-molecule fluorescence measurements enables a systematic assay design and standardized measurement routines for quantitative measurements of protein conformation and dynamics. (uni-muenchen.de)
Fluorescence microscopy has revolutionized medicine and biological science with its ability to study the behavior and chemical expressions of living cells. (umass.edu)
The work described in this thesis overcomes these limitations by developing a low cost integrated fluorescence microscope so single use fluorescence microscopy assays can be developed. (umass.edu)
PBB5 showed specific binding to recombinant K18 tau fibrils by fluorescence assay, to post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain tissue homogenate by competitive binding against [ 11 C]PBB3 and to tau deposits (AT-8 positive) in post-mortem corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy brains. (springer.com)

Albeit generic, the ligation probe is similar to a detection probe in that it is labelled with, for example, digoxigenin for downstream signalling. (wikipedia.org)
The kinase phosphorylates the 5'-end of the analyte and the ligase will join the capture probe to the analyte to the detection probe. (wikipedia.org)
The capture and detection probes in the DLA can thus be termed ligation probes. (wikipedia.org)
Applications stretch from microscopy and spectroscopy with single molecule detection to sensor technology and the development of novel fluorescent probes. (uni-muenchen.de)
Such limitations make them difficult for clinical use as a front-line and on-site diagnostic tool for virus detection, paving the way for PolyU's development of the new upconversion nanoparticle biosensor which utilizes luminescent technique in virus detection. (asiaresearchnews.com)
In other words, the upconversion LRET technology can be widely used for the detection of different types of viruses simply by modifying the UCNPs capture probe. (asiaresearchnews.com)
The purpose of this review is to provide a complete update of the various analytical methods for virus detection, such as molecular, immunological, sensor-based and other detection assays, along with the advantages and limitations of these strategies. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we develop a biological nanopore sensor for single-molecule detection of proteins and PDIs using the pore-forming toxin YaxAB. (nature.com)
Unfortunately, antibody-based dot blot assays are unstable at high temperatures and are optimized for detection in biological samples. (basepairbio.com)
Ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of protein by aptamer-Au nanoparticle conjugates based on a dot-blot assay. (basepairbio.com)
Detection of immunoglobulin E using an aptamer based dot-blot assay. (basepairbio.com)
The method provides substantial improvements, including minimal matrix effects and high specificity when compared with previously used oligonucleotide ƒ u detection methods such as ligand binding assays or liquid scintillation. (aspetjournals.org)
Protease assays are widely used for the investigation of protease inhibitors and the detection of protease activities. (stratech.co.uk)
Shorter miRNA probes also boost sensitivity and specificity of detection. (bitesizebio.com)

This work contribute to a fundamental investigation and spectroscopic characterization of established as well as newly available fluorescent probes for single-molecule microscopy. (uni-muenchen.de)
Fluorescent probes can label cell components or cells of a particular type. (umass.edu)
The assay utilizes a fluorescent casein conjugate that is proven to be a generic substrate for a broad spectrum of proteases (e.g. trypsin, chymotrypsin, thermolysin, proteinase K, protease XIV, and elastase). (stratech.co.uk)

Though the sensitivity and specificity of TaqMan RT-PCR assay are excellent, the centralization of testing and the multiple steps necessary to extract bird tissues from carcasses, purify RNA, and screen samples for WNV genome presented major logistical, biosafety, reporting, and financial challenges. (cdc.gov)
This goal was achieved by quantifying the sensitivity and specificity of this antigen-capture assay to detect WNV in corvids collected as part of routine dead bird surveillance programs in Manitoba and Ontario. (cdc.gov)
The effect of storage conditions and duration of storage of swabs in grinding solution on the sensitivity of the assay and viability of virus was also assessed. (cdc.gov)

Quantitative viral outgrowth assays (QVOAs) are the gold standard for identification of rebound-competent sequences, because they measure the number of cells that can be reactivated in vitro to produce infectious virus 4 , 16 . (nature.com)

In drug discovery, efficient screening of protein-drug interactions (PDIs) is hampered by the limitations of current biophysical approaches. (nature.com)
However, the noisy nature of the gene expression and the scarcity of genomic data for many diseases are important limitations to such approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
Experimental approaches to drug repositioning generally involve high-throughput assays where libraries of approved compounds are tested against biological targets of interest. (biomedcentral.com)
For example, the ability to manipulate and analyse minute volume of fluids and samples has led to a wealth of new biological assays which can provide unique approaches for better manipulation and capture of micro- and even nanoscale circulating biomarkers such as cells, extracellular vesicles and exosomes. (selectbiosciences.com)

Q4PCR performs both quantitative PCR with four different DNA probes and near full-length (nfl) sequence analysis 19 . (nature.com)
This process improves access to microfluidics for controlling biological microenvironments, and further enabling visual and quantitative analysis of fungal cultures. (springer.com)

With the wide introduction of flow cytometry in the early 70-ies markers and subsequent cell types have evolved but it was only in the last decade that the introduction of single cell transcriptome sequencing, high dimensional cytometry and imaging cytometry started revolutionizing the way we interrogate biological samples. (frontiersin.org)

In this thesis, I focus on the design and analysis of solution-based single-molecule experiments of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) via confocal microscopy to study the dynamics of multiple binding proteins as exemplary biological systems. (uni-muenchen.de)

For example, the intact proviral DNA assay (IPDA) 17 targets the HIV-1 Packaging Signal (Ψ) and the Envelope/Rev Responsive Element (RRE). (nature.com)
Furthermore, the clear heterogeneity of CRC tumors indicates a clear need for new biological markers and therapeutic targets for CRC. (hindawi.com)

This initiative is one of the integrated components of the NIH Molecular Libraries Roadmap initiative that offers biomedical researchers access to large-scale automated high throughput screening (HTS) centers in the MLPCN, diverse compound libraries in the Small Molecule Repository (MLSMR) and information on biological activities of small molecules in the PubChem BioAssay public database. (nih.gov)
The goal of the MLP is to screen compounds in the Small Molecule Repository in target-based and phenotypic assays to identify and subsequently optimize small molecule s as research probes. (nih.gov)

The test, an immunological probe, or "immunoassay," uses a novel strategy and newly developed, high-affinity antibodies to reveal and measure prions in brain tissue. (scienceblog.com)

In particular, the invention relates to microfluidic devices and their uses and methods for assaying cells. (justia.com)
Similarly, single cell methods are vital in stem cell research and cancer biology, where isolated populations of primary cells are heterogeneous due to limitations in purification protocols, and it is often a minority cell population that is the most relevant. (justia.com)
A comparison of the current limitations and advantages of both methods is conducted for multiple protein systems, which undergo conformational changes on different timescales. (uni-muenchen.de)
Three-dimensional molecular imaging methods have recently been considered as an attractive approach to overcome the limitations of oncolytic therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

In order to unravel photophysical effects from biological findings, pulsed electron-electron double resonance spectroscopy is used as a complementary technique to FRET for the investigation of protein conformation by the attachment of - in this case - spin labels. (uni-muenchen.de)
Amplite™ Universal Fluorimetric Protease Activity Assay Kit is an ideal choice to perform routine protease isolation assays or for identifying the presence of contaminating proteases in protein samples. (stratech.co.uk)

In the field of immunodiagnostics, antibodies are used to quantify clinical biomarkers in complex biological samples like blood (Wild, 2013). (trea.com)

It involves the development of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) conjugated with a probe oligo whose DNA base pairs are complementary with that of the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) flu virus oligo. (asiaresearchnews.com)
Given the complementary nature of the DNA base pairs of the UCNPs probe oligo and AuNPs flu virus oligo, they work like two matching pieces of magnet, which would be drawn together due to attraction force. (asiaresearchnews.com)
Since miRNAs are way smaller than the typical transcript, even short oligo probes on a microarray slide hybridize to the target with precision, reducing the cost of microarray generation. (bitesizebio.com)

The utility of the VecTest antigen-capture assay to detect West Nile virus (WNV) in field-collected dead corvids was evaluated in Manitoba and Ontario, Canada, in 2001 and 2002. (cdc.gov)

The DLA can also be used for the determination of individual metabolites in biological matrices. (wikipedia.org)
Ultrafiltration, equilibrium dialysis, and ultracentrifugation were assessed for the separation of unbound ASO from biological matrices. (aspetjournals.org)

Therefore, technological innovation is required to overcome current limitations and accelerate drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry. (nature.com)
In order to overcome such limitations, in this study we have decided to establish a methodological approach focusing primarily on drug characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
While antibody-based immunoassays have proven to be very sensitive and specific, there are some limitations which can be overcome with the ELASA, or Enzyme-Linked Aptamer Sorbent Assay. (basepairbio.com)
To make progress in this arena, technical and logistical barriers must be overcome to more effectively deploy microfluidics in biological disciplines. (springer.com)

After rigorous quality assessment and comparison to Illumina EPIC methylation microarrays and testing on a range of algorithms (Bismark, BitmapperBS, bwa-meth, and BitMapperBS), we find overall high concordance between assays, but also differences in efficiency of read mapping, CpG capture, coverage, and platform performance, and variable performance across 26 microarray normalization algorithms. (biomedcentral.com)

The template probe is fully complementary to the oligonucleotide analyte and is intended to serve as a substrate for T4 DNA ligase-mediated ligation. (wikipedia.org)
The template probe has in addition an additional stretch complementary to a ligation probe so that the ligation probe will ligate onto the 3'-end of the analyte. (wikipedia.org)
The ligation of the analyte to the ligation probe makes the method specific for the 3'-end of the analyte, ligation by T4 DNA ligase being much less efficient over a bulge loop, which would happen for a 3' metabolite N-1 version of the analyte, for example. (wikipedia.org)
DLA probes are ligated at the 5' and 3' ends of the analyte by the joint action of T4 DNA ligase and T4 polynucleotide kinase. (wikipedia.org)
In homogeneous immunoassays, the antibody reacts with the analyte in solution, which allows much faster assay times. (trea.com)

Several sandwich ELASA assays have been developed at Base Pair Biotechnologies. (basepairbio.com)

The NIH Molecular Libraries Roadmap Initiative wishes to solicit HTS assay applications from the scientific community from investigators who have the interest and capability to work with the Molecular Libraries Probe Production Centers Network (MLPCN) in support of chemical probe development. (nih.gov)
Interested investigators must first submit the pre-application for a Molecular Libraries Probe Production Center under this announcement. (nih.gov)

An aptamer-based dot blot assay is more robust and can be designed for point-of-care clinical testing and on-site environmental and industrial analysis. (basepairbio.com)
Microfluidics has emerged as a powerful technology not only for biological but also clinical research and applications. (selectbiosciences.com)
Here, I will present several microfluidic technologies that we have developed for both biological and clinical applications relating to diseases such as cancer. (selectbiosciences.com)
Hyperion, MIBIscope, CODEX, MACSima) and the recently evolved genomic cytometry (Citeseq or REAPseq) have enabled unprecedented insights into many biological and clinical questions, such as hematopoiesis, transplantation, cancer, and autoimmunity. (frontiersin.org)
Because the steady state of this reaction can be reached already after 90 seconds, this assay is highly attractive for clinical point of care testing (POCT). (trea.com)

Laboratories in each province received dead birds, collected oropharyngeal or cloacal swabs or tissues, performed the antigen-capture assay, and shipped tissues or swabs to the National Microbiology Laboratory for confirmatory testing. (cdc.gov)
Monitoring various protease activities has become a routine task for many biological laboratories. (stratech.co.uk)
KPCs) are Ambler class A plasmid- gene by polymerase chain reaction cin, imipenem, ertapenem, meropenem, encoded enzymes that are capable of (PCR) assay provides laboratories trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, piper- hydrolyzing all beta-lactam antibiotics, with a means to quickly identify the acillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and including monobactams, extended- presence of this important resistance tobramycin (Oxoid). (who.int)

We conclude that sensitive multi-probe assays combined with specific nfl-verified assays would be optimal to document absolute and changing levels of intact HIV proviruses. (nature.com)

In addition, since each virus has a unique genetic sequence, researchers would be able to design a complementary probe once the genetic sequence of the targeted virus is known. (asiaresearchnews.com)

Being able to extract spatial networks composed of one-dimensional structures, from road networks to sub-cellular biological filaments, is a recurring theme throughout many research areas. (biorxiv.org)
Branched biological structures are evident across all taxonomic kingdoms and size scales. (springer.com)

Through its funding of the MLPCN, NIH will support the costs of assay automation, screening and optimization chemistry. (nih.gov)

We evaluated the same samples from 10 male PWH on ART using the two-probe intact proviral DNA assay (IPDA) and near full length (nfl) Q4PCR. (nature.com)
The ability to profile the lipid composition of biological samples is important in disease diagnosis and drug discovery, attracting strong social and economic interests. (chromatographyonline.com)

Microfluidic systems are well-suited for studying mixed biological communities for improving industrial processes of fermentation, biofuel production, and pharmaceutical production. (springer.com)

The net impact of nutritional regulation of protease activity among the thousands of species present in soil can be observed at the overall microbial community level as proteins are broken down in response to carbon, nitrogen, or sulfur limitation. (stratech.co.uk)

We further performed a multi-omics network analysis to establish clusters of co-varying omics features and assessed the contribution of key variables (including biological traits and sample collection parameters) to omics variability. (biomedcentral.com)
Epidemiological studies that incorporate omics profiles to monitor healthy individuals over time need to be informed of technical and biological variability in order to interpret changes in omics profiles, even if they are small. (biomedcentral.com)

To investigate and compare the biological effects of γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticle (NP) and gadolinium dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) with high and multiple doses on the kidney of healthy mice. (dovepress.com)

However in contrast to heterogeneous immunoassays, homogeneous immunoassays have problems in signal generation, which so far results in less sensitive assays. (trea.com)

Single cells represent a fundamental biological unit. (justia.com)

The VecTest antigen-capture assay on oropharyngeal secretions from crows is a reliable and rapid diagnostic test that appears suitable for incorporation into a WNV surveillance program. (cdc.gov)
The ultimate goal of this study was to determine whether the VecTest assay could serve as a suitable alternative testing procedure for WNV dead bird surveillance. (cdc.gov)

This FOA promotes discovery and development of new chemical probes as research tools for use by scientists in both the public and private sector to advance the understanding of biological functions and disease mechanisms. (nih.gov)
Parallel to the development of new technologies is how our understanding of the biological role of lipids has changed with time. (chromatographyonline.com)
NICEATM and NC3Rs are partnering with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Chemical Biological Center, and NCATS to direct the MPS for COVID Research (MPSCoRe) working group. (nih.gov)

From the extrapolated results of those narrowly focused analyses, we sought to understand more than we could reasonably expect to know: the multifaceted mechanisms of action and the effects of drugs, the causes of complex diseases and the intricate biological alterations associated with those diseases. (chromatographyonline.com)

Additionally, this study will help define the core symptoms of PASC to assist researchers in identifying the biological causes of the phenomenon. (asm.org)
However, the ultimate goal of the technology, the researchers say, would be to apply the assay to testing for prions while animals are still alive, perhaps using blood or some peripheral tissue such as muscle. (scienceblog.com)

In this assay, miRNAs in a heterogenous mixture of total cellular RNA are amplified using specific primers. (bitesizebio.com)
Non-specific amplification can be used to increase the miRNA sample, but when measuring expression levels, this means you'll lose the direct correspondence between total input sample and the amounts of miRNAs measured, introducing non-linearity in the assay. (bitesizebio.com)

But, before you can begin to decipher how your miRNA-of-interest regulates a biological response, you will need a sensitive, reproducible and widely-accepted miRNA profiling platform to measure expression. (bitesizebio.com)

In addition to these results, our algorithm is designed to be easily adaptable to other tissues, mutants and plants, and so will be a valuable asset for the study and future biological engineering of the actin cytoskeleton in globally-important crops. (biorxiv.org)
This study in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt used real-time PCR assay to test ertapenem-nonsusceptible isolates of K. pneumoniae for the presence of the bla gene and compared the results with modified Hodge test. (who.int)

Pharmacokinetics is the study of the time course for the Of course the actual nature of the relationship between tis- absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a sue exposure and response, particularly across species, may chemical substance in a biological system. (cdc.gov)

Accordingly, this kind of biological therapy can potentially be used as a promising approach in the field of cancer management. (biomedcentral.com)
1995. Organochlorine compounds in relation to breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and endometriosis: An assessment of the biological and epidemiological evidence. (cdc.gov)

The devices may further include auxiliary chambers integrated with the cell capture chamber for subsequent processing and assaying of the contents of a captured cell. (justia.com)
Recently, a rapid antigen-capture wicking assay (VecTest, Medical Analysis Systems, Camarillo, CA) has become commercially available ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)

PLOS Biology provides an Open Access platform to showcase your best research and commentary across all areas of biological science. (plos.org)

The total number of assays to be selected depends on the scientific merit of applications and the availability of resources within the MLPCN. (nih.gov)
Both assays admitted similar ratios of intact to total HIV DNA, but IPDA found ~40-fold more intact proviruses. (nature.com)

In addition, he says, while scientists do not know whether chronic wasting disease in deer and elk can be transmitted to humans, the new test "offers a very important first step toward being able to diagnose chronic wasting disease early and to study the biological properties of CWD prions. (scienceblog.com)
This is why miRNA profiling is currently of immense biological interest and a rapidly growing field of study. (bitesizebio.com)

This pre-packaging approach provides a simple, one step process to initiate microfluidics in any setting for fungal studies, bacteria-fungal interactions, and other biological inquiries. (springer.com)

Further, I provide a detailed overview of the established routines in smFRET measurements for distance and dynamics measurements and determine the limitations of FRET-derived distances to a distance precision of ≤2 Å and an accuracy ≤5 Å. (uni-muenchen.de)

Anatomy3

Organisms2

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs15

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes15

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science6

Health Care2

Enzyme-linke2

Hybridization19

Fluorescence4

Detection14

Fluorescent3

Sensitivity3

Vitro1

Approaches4

Quantitative2

Interrogate1

Single molecule1

Targets2

Small molecule2

Immunoassay1

Methods4

Protein2

Antibodies1

Oligo3

Detect1

Matrices2

Overcome4

Microarray1

Analyte5

Sandwich1

Molecular2

Clinical5

Laboratories3

Optimal1

Complementary1

Structures2

Optimization1

Samples2

Microfluidic1

Proteins1

Omics2

Nanoparticle1

Heterogeneous1

Fundamental1

Suitable2

Development3

Diseases1

Researchers2

Specific2

Sensitive1

Results2

Chemical1

Cancer2

Capture2

Research1

Total2

Study2

Interactions1

Provide1