AnatomyDiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
Rectal ProlapseFecal IncontinenceAnal CanalUterine ProlapsePerineumLacerationsProlapseRectumPelvic FloorRectal DiseasesDefecographyAnus, ImperforateManometryUrinary Incontinence, StressMitral Valve ProlapsePelvic Organ ProlapseEpisiotomyObstetric Labor ComplicationsDefecationAnus DiseasesRectoceleDelivery, ObstetricConstipationUrinary Incontinence, UrgePuerperal DisordersDigestive System Surgical ProceduresIncontinence PadsRectal FistulaHemorrhoidsCauterySuture TechniquesAnus NeoplasmsPruritus AniHerniaColon, SigmoidParityUrodynamicsUlcerDigestive System AbnormalitiesFissure in AnoSuburethral SlingsCystoceleBiofeedback, PsychologyAortic Valve ProlapsePelvic Floor Disorders
FissureFecalHemorrhoidsConstipationFistulaRectumUrinaryPelvic floorManometryRectoceleCanalCancerBowelSacralSymptomsSurgeryWartsCondylomataSolitary rectal ulcerObstetricCrohn'sMucosaSurgicalAbdominalVaginalPatientsFissuresDisordersColectomyDischargeAmerican Society of ColonConditionsVenousBowelsDentate lineSphinctersFistulae
Fissure5
  • It is usually caused by a benign condition, most commonly anal fissure. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • DRE can usually be performed, with the exception of very painful conditions such as incarcerated haemorrhoids, anal fissure or perianal abscess. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Anorectal conditions: anal fissure and anorectal fistula. (ouhsc.edu)
  • We provide state-of-the art treatment for all benign anorectal conditions like Hemorrhoids, Anal Fistula (Complex and Recurrent cases), Fissure, Anal Stricture, Pilonidal Sinus, Rectal Prolapse, Chronic Constipation etc. (healinghandsclinic.co.in)
  • Anal Fissure An anal fissure is a tear or ulcer in the lining of the anus (the opening at the end of the digestive tract where stool leaves the body). (merckmanuals.com)
Fecal12
Hemorrhoids14
  • The most frequent causes of rectal bleeding are hemorrhoids, fissures and polyps. (aafp.org)
  • Colorectal cancer may present as rectal bleeding and coexist with a benign condition such as hemorrhoids. (aafp.org)
  • Hemorrhoids result from disruption of the anchoring of the anal cushions. (medscape.com)
  • Repeated displacement of these cushions results in stretching and eventual prolapse of the cushions, known as hemorrhoids (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Constipation and all conditions that result in abnormal anal pressure and compliance predispose to the formation of hemorrhoids. (medscape.com)
  • Internal hemorrhoids bleed, prolapse, or both. (medscape.com)
  • This conservative management is effective for hemorrhoids with lesser prolapse. (medscape.com)
  • For grade I and II hemorrhoids-as well as some prolapsed grade II hemorrhoids and some grade III hemorrhoids-and for cases in which medical management is not adequate, an office procedure may be indicated. (medscape.com)
  • Surgery is reserved for cases in which conservative management is not adequate-for instance, hemorrhoids refractory to office procedures, large external hemorrhoids, hemorrhoids with significant bleeding, and prolapsed internal hemorrhoids. (medscape.com)
  • Many people with hemorrhoids are found to have lower levels of fiber in their diets. (aceclinic.org)
  • [ 2 ] In addition, although hemorrhoids are responsible for a large portion of anorectal complaints, it is important to rule out more serious conditions, such as other causes of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, before reflexively attributing symptoms to hemorrhoids. (medscape.com)
  • External hemorrhoids develop from ectoderm and are covered by squamous epithelium, whereas internal hemorrhoids are derived from embryonic endoderm and lined with the columnar epithelium of anal mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • At the level of the dentate line, internal hemorrhoids are anchored to the underlying muscle by the mucosal suspensory ligament. (medscape.com)
  • Internal hemorrhoids have 3 main cushions, which are situated in the left lateral, right posterior (most common), and right anterior areas of the anal canal. (medscape.com)
Constipation4
  • Anorectal tests should be used to evaluate for defecatory disorders if over-the-counter agents do not relieve the constipation. (medscape.com)
  • Chronic constipation, on the other hand, is usually more difficult to resolve and is often associated with a high level of suffering. (ifdw.org)
  • The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate risk factors for faecal incontinence and chronic constipation. (bvsalud.org)
  • METHODS: Risk factors for chronic constipation and faecal incontinence were long-listed from scientific literature, then anonymously evaluated (by 50 predominantly colorectal surgical experts from the UK Pelvic Floor Society) using a Delphi technique. (bvsalud.org)
Fistula4
  • Rectal Fistula" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ouhsc.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Rectal Fistula" by people in this website by year, and whether "Rectal Fistula" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Rectal Fistula" by people in Profiles. (ouhsc.edu)
  • WP12: Feasibility and safety of platelet-derived growth factors therapy for treatment of Crohn´s anal fistula. (eu.com)
Rectum16
  • Rectal discharge is intermittent or continuous expression of liquid from the anus (per rectum). (wikipedia.org)
  • Complete rectal prolapse (CRP) is defined as the circumferential and full-thickness protrusion of the rectum out of the anal verge. (thieme-connect.de)
  • The rectum is a continuation of the sigmoid colon beginning at the level of the 3rd sacral vertebra and continuing to the anorectal junction. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Anoscopy and sigmoidoscopy are used to evaluate symptoms referable to the rectum or anus (eg, bright rectal bleeding, discharge, protrusions, pain). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Concise yet comprehensive, The ASCRS Manual of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Second Edition is very useful for physicians and researchers dealing with diseases of the colon and rectum. (nshealth.ca)
  • The most common finding on proctoscopy is haemorrhoids, but conditions of the anal canal and distal rectum can also be distinguished. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • At the end of the colon is the rectum, which pretty much connects the colon to the actual anus/anal opening for wastes to leave the body. (hermanwallace.com)
  • Some people have great difficulty emptying their rectum due to what is called rectal descent. (muschealth.org)
  • The front of the rectum can fall into the top of the anal canal and block the anal opening. (muschealth.org)
  • The normal rectum lies against the sacrum (lower backbone) in a gentle curve down to the anal opening. (muschealth.org)
  • When a person moves his bowels, the muscles of the pelvic floor relax and the rectum swings down and straightens so it is almost straight up and down (vertical) over the anal opening. (muschealth.org)
  • If the rectum is attached to the sacrum properly, the increased abdominal pressure squeezes the rectal contents out like toothpaste from a tube. (muschealth.org)
  • People with rectal descent have difficulty emptying their rectum. (muschealth.org)
  • Sometimes rectal descent causes the front wall of the rectum to flop into the anal canal. (muschealth.org)
  • Rectal Prolapse Rectal prolapse is a painless protrusion of the rectum through the anus. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Stool does not fall out of the rectum because of the occlusive effect of the high-pressure anal canal. (obgynkey.com)
Urinary4
  • Stress urinary incontinence (leaking with a cough, sneeze or exercise), urge urinary incontinence (Leaking on way to the toilet), nocturia (going to the toilet a lot over night), mixed urinary incontinence, Overactive bladder-dry/wet, Frequency and voiding dysfunction, Bladder pain syndromes. (goldcoastpelvichealthclinics.com.au)
  • Absorbent pads used for URINARY INCONTINENCE and usually worn as underpants or pants liners by the ELDERLY. (lookformedical.com)
  • However, no significant improvement in urinary incontinence or UDS parameters was demonstrated for the group overall. (bvsalud.org)
  • Symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse or urinary or anal incontinence. (medilib.ir)
Pelvic floor3
  • Her areas of expertise include colon and rectal cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and pelvic floor disorders. (ucsf.edu)
  • Pelvic Floor Consortium Consensus Meeting on Patient-Reported Outcomes was supported by the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS) and the American Urogynecologic Society (AUGS). (ascrsu.com)
  • Second, the pelvic floor muscles provide closure of the vaginal opening, which prevents prolapse from occurring. (obgynkey.com)
Manometry1
Rectocele3
  • If the rectocele causes difficult rectal emptying, the associated rectal descent should be corrected. (muschealth.org)
  • The surgery recommended for a symptomatic rectocele is the same operation done for rectal descent. (muschealth.org)
  • A type of rectocele repair can be done through the vagina, but this does not correct rectal descent. (muschealth.org)
Canal12
  • Some lesions can cause a discharge by mechanically interfering with, or preventing the complete closure of, the anal canal. (wikipedia.org)
  • The anal canal begins at the anal verge and ends at the anorectal junction (pectinate line, mucocutaneous junction, dentate line), where there are 8 to 12 anal crypts and 5 to 8 papillae. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The anal canal and adjacent skin are innervated by somatic sensory nerves and are highly susceptible to painful stimuli. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Venous drainage from the anal canal occurs through the caval system, but the anorectal junction can drain into both the portal and caval systems. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Lymphatics from the anal canal pass to the internal iliac nodes, the posterior vaginal wall, and the inguinal nodes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The sphincteric ring encircling the anal canal is composed of the internal sphincter, the central portion of the levators, and components of the external sphincter. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, can be particularly effective for this goal because it increases blood flow and oxygenation flow to the internal muscles that line and support the anal canal. (aceclinic.org)
  • E. Proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal canal anastomosis. (latestinterviewquestions.com)
  • tumours of the anal canal. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Anoscopy is typically performed to look within the anal canal for additional warts. (fascrs.org)
  • they are clusters of vascular tissue (eg, arterioles, venules, arteriolar-venular connections), smooth muscle (eg, Treitz muscle), and connective tissue lined by the normal epithelium of the anal canal. (medscape.com)
  • Hemorrhoidal venous cushions are a normal part of the human anorectum and arise from subepithelial connective tissue within the anal canal. (medscape.com)
Cancer7
  • Although many anorectal conditions are benign and easily treated, patients may delay seeking medical advice because of embarrassment or fear of cancer. (aafp.org)
  • Conversely, both patients and physicians should be aware of the need for adequate assessment of all anorectal symptoms because of the high incidence of colorectal cancer. (aafp.org)
  • 3 Family physicians can play a major role in the prompt recognition of cancer and appropriate management of other anorectal conditions. (aafp.org)
  • However, the vaccine's role to prevent anal warts and anal cancer is unknown. (fascrs.org)
  • Left untreated, warts may lead to an increased risk of anal cancer in the affected area. (fascrs.org)
  • Fortunately, the risk of anal cancer is still very rare. (fascrs.org)
  • WP24: C-reactive protein monitoring reduce length of stay after stoma reversal in patients with laparoscopic sphincter-saving surgery for rectal cancer. (eu.com)
Bowel13
  • Get to know the nursing care plan and management for patients with bowel incontinence in this guide. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Common factors that lead to bowel incontinence are an injury to rectal, anal, or nerve tissue from trauma, childbirth, radiation , or surgery . (nurseslabs.com)
  • Infection with resultant diarrhea or neurological diseases such as stroke , multiple sclerosis , and diabetes mellitus can also result in bowel incontinence. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Bowel incontinence may also occur in older adults with dementia and may also occur with age. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Bowel incontinence is the second leading cause of nursing home placement in the older adult population (Roland, 2022). (nurseslabs.com)
  • It is vital for nurses to learn and understand the cause of bowel incontinence because its treatment depends on the cause. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Nursing care plans play an essential role in the management of clients with bowel incontinence. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Addressing the client's emotional well-being, providing counseling, and fostering support systems are essential in minimizing the feelings of isolation and embarrassment of a client with bowel incontinence. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Bowel incontinence can significantly impact a client's body image. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Infection and fluid and electrolyte imbalance can occur in clients with bowel incontinence. (nurseslabs.com)
  • Although potentially sensitive and difficult to talk about, your doctor may inquire as to the presence or absence of risk factors to include a history of anal intercourse, a positive HIV test or a chronically weakened immune system (medications for organ transplant patients, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, etc). (fascrs.org)
  • Patients with rectal descent take a long time to have a bowel movement. (muschealth.org)
  • A rectal prolapse is often triggered while straining, such as during a bowel movement. (merckmanuals.com)
Sacral1
  • Currarino syndrome is characterized by a triad of anorectal malformations, sacral defects, and presacral masses. (bvsalud.org)
Symptoms6
  • Rectal discharge has many causes, and may present with other symptoms: Staining of undergarments Constant feeling of dampness around anus Frequent urge to open bowels, but passage of only small amounts of mucus or pus-like liquid rather than normal feces Rectal pain Rectal malodor, when the discharge is foul-smelling, e.g. associated with certain infections Pruritus ani Rectal bleeding Perianal erythema, swelling and tenderness Pus usually indicates infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anorectal symptoms and complaints are common and may be caused by a wide spectrum of conditions. (aafp.org)
  • Patients frequently consult primary care physicians because of concerns about or symptoms related to the anorectal area. (aafp.org)
  • Every patient with anorectal symptoms, especially those with rectal bleeding, must have an assessment that includes, at a minimum, digital rectal examination and visual inspection by anoscope. (aafp.org)
  • Some patients will experience symptoms such as itching, bleeding, mucus discharge and/or a feeling of a lump or mass in the anal area. (fascrs.org)
  • What are the symptoms of rectal descent? (muschealth.org)
Surgery7
  • Background Trans-abdominal rectopexy for complete rectal prolapse (CRP) reportedly yields more definitive results as compared with trans-perineal surgery. (thieme-connect.de)
  • In the era of minimal access surgery, minimally invasive laparoscopic rectopexy has become a popular treatment option for patients with rectal prolapse (RP). (thieme-connect.de)
  • Recently, minimally invasive surgery for rectal prolapse (RP) repairs has gained wide acceptance because of advantages like relatively easier and magnified access to the pelvic recess and floor, decreased operative pain, faster recovery, and early discharge. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Dr. Varma earned her medical degree at Brown University School of Medicine in Providence, R.I. She completed her residency in general surgery at UCSF and spent a year at the University of Minnesota to obtain specialized training in colon and rectal surgery. (ucsf.edu)
  • The ASCRS Manual of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Second Edition is designed to provide a rapid access pocket reference for residents, fellows, private clinicians, and allied health professionals caring for patients with colorectal surgical diseases. (nshealth.ca)
  • The Manual, abstracted from the ASCRS Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Second Edition, is intended to impart succinct, clinically relevant information for daily patient care. (nshealth.ca)
  • WP01: What is the functional result of a delayed colo-anal anastomosis in rectal redo-surgery? (eu.com)
Warts5
  • Anal warts (also called 'condyloma acuminata') are a condition that affects the area around and inside the anus. (fascrs.org)
  • Physical examination should focus primarily on the anorectal examination and evaluation of the perineum (pelvic region) that includes the penile or vaginal area to look for warts. (fascrs.org)
  • Abstain from sexual contact with individuals who have anal (or genital) warts. (fascrs.org)
  • Topical agents that can be applied at home on small warts include Imiquimod or 5-fluorouracial (5-FU), although how well they work to eliminate anal warts completely is unknown. (fascrs.org)
  • Anal warts may also be treated in the physician's office by freezing the warts with liquid nitrogen. (fascrs.org)
Condylomata3
Solitary rectal ulcer3
Obstetric1
Crohn's2
Mucosa1
  • The rectal lining consists of red, glistening glandular mucosa, which has an autonomic nerve supply and is relatively insensitive to pain. (msdmanuals.com)
Surgical7
  • A significant number of stoma prolapse patients require surgical correction. (scirp.org)
  • Aim: The first part of this thesis is a literature review of intestinal stoma prolapse and its surgical treatments. (scirp.org)
  • Many proposed surgical repair procedures for stoma prolapse are available and var y from being ineffective to 100% effective. (scirp.org)
  • Conclusion: Limited data suggests stoma prolapse repair is a surgical challenge. (scirp.org)
  • The first part is a literature review of intestinal stoma prolapse, its incidence, possible risk factors and its surgical treatments. (scirp.org)
  • The second part evaluates the effect of surgical treatments of this condition on children at Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet (The National Hospital) OUS-R. In order to avoid excessive tautology, the terms stoma and prolapse in this thesis basically refer to intestinal stoma and intestinal stoma prolapse only. (scirp.org)
  • and succinctly sheds light on plethora of surgical methods to correct stoma prolapse. (scirp.org)
Abdominal2
  • The LAMs maintain a balanced system-and therefore remain closed-in response to increased forces (e.g., rise in abdominal pressure during Valsalva), thereby preventing prolapse. (obgynkey.com)
  • When the vaginal walls descend below the hymen to the level where the levators no longer maintain proper alignment of the system, unbalanced pressures occur, creating a pressure differential between abdominal and atmospheric pressure. (obgynkey.com)
Vaginal2
  • Inflammation of the vagina due to thinning of the vaginal wall and decreased lubrication associated with reduced estrogen levels at MENOPAUSE. (lookformedical.com)
  • Vaginal closure within the high-pressure zone acts in the same way that, for example, the anal sphincters work. (obgynkey.com)
Patients10
  • Results: Patients evaluation at OUS-R - From 2001 to 2013, 14 of the 304 children with stoma (4.6%), experienced stoma prolapse. (scirp.org)
  • Nine stoma prolapse were surgically corrected: Median age at stoma formation for the 9 patients was 1.7 years. (scirp.org)
  • Incidence of stoma prolapse in our series of pediatric patients at Oslo University Hospital is lower than most published incidence in the pediatric medical literature. (scirp.org)
  • All clinicians can and must perform a basic examination to appropriately treat or refer patients with anorectal complaints. (aafp.org)
  • A well-lubricated gloved finger might be required in patients with lower anorectal impactions. (medscape.com)
  • All patients should be asked about anal intercourse and other possible causes of trauma and infection. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Long-Term Results of Organ Preservation in Patients With Rectal Adenocarcinoma Treated With Total Neoadjuvant Therapy: The Randomized Phase II OPRA Trial. (ucsf.edu)
  • Patients often delay seeking medical care for anal problems. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • They are among the most common causes of anal pathology, and subsequently are blamed for virtually any anorectal complaint by patients and medical professionals alike. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with cholangitis may present with sepsis , so should be managed promptly, appropriately and often in a higher level of care. (teachmesurgery.com)
Fissures1
Disorders1
  • 3] Despite its frequency, it often remains unrecognized until the patient develops sequelae, such as anorectal disorders. (medscape.com)
Colectomy1
Discharge3
  • Mucous discharges can be thought of in three broad categories: Normal physiologically produced mucus Inappropriately expressed physiologically produced mucus (e.g. in the presence of sphincter defects, or lesions preventing normal sphincter closure, allowing seepage or soiling) Mucus produced in pathological quantities (e.g. from a lesion, or generalized coloproctitis or as a result of bacterial overgrowth) A mucous rectal discharge may be blood-streaked. (wikipedia.org)
  • The differential diagnosis of rectal discharge is extensive, but the general etiological themes are infection and inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although not exactly the same as rectal discharge, perianal discharge can be misinterpreted as such, given the anatomical proximity. (wikipedia.org)
American Society of Colon3
  • Image reproduced from original with permission of the American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons. (medscape.com)
  • Podium presentation at the 2019 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons, June 1-5, Cleveland, OH. (ascrsu.com)
  • Presented at the meeting of the American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons, Cleveland, OH, June 1 to 5, 2019. (ascrsu.com)
Conditions4
  • When improperly formed a stoma may result in a complication such as prolapse, which can undermine or delay the treatment of these conditions. (scirp.org)
  • After proper evaluation, the majority of nonmalignant anorectal conditions can be treated by the primary caregiver. (aafp.org)
  • Acquired conditions such as portal hypertension cause engorgement of these venous plexuses, which can also contribute to anal cushion displacement. (medscape.com)
  • FindCare uses a variety of data sources to determine which conditions or procedures a provider treats and their level of experience. (healthline.com)
Venous1
  • Because of their rich vascular supply, highly sensitive location, and tendency to engorge and prolapse, hemorrhoidal venous cushions are common causes of anal pathology. (medscape.com)
Bowels1
  • Someone with rectal descent without colonic inertia will feel the need to move his bowels every day. (muschealth.org)
Dentate line1
  • Four to eight anal glands drain into the crypts of Morgagni at the level of the dentate line. (aafp.org)
Sphincters1
  • Failure of voluntary control of the anal sphincters, with involuntary passage of feces and flatus. (lookformedical.com)
Fistulae1
  • Most rectal abscesses and fistulae originate in these glands. (aafp.org)