• Deep towards the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi. (earthslab.com)
  • The zygomatic muscle (24) and zygomatic head of the quadratus labii superioris muscle (26) have been partially removed. (stanford.edu)
  • A single blink is determined by the forceful closing of the eyelid or inactivation of the levator palpebrae superioris and the activation of the palpebral portion of the orbicularis oculi, not the full open and close. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main muscles, in the upper eyelid, that control the opening and closing are the orbicularis oculi and levator palpebrae superioris muscle. (wikipedia.org)
  • The orbicularis oculi closes the eye, while the contraction of the levator palpebrae muscle opens the eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • The levator palpebrae superioris' action is sent through the oculomotor nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • The levator palpebrae superioris muscle is a small muscle of the superior orbit that elevates and retracts the upper eyelid . (radiopaedia.org)
  • The patient had undergone levator palpebrae superioris plication bilaterally. (nih.gov)
  • The classic form also presents with the characteristic "myopathic face" or "hatchet face" due to weakness and wasting of the facial, levator palpebrae, and masticatory muscles. (rxharun.com)
  • In addition to bilateral ptosis, patients with Miller Fisher syndrome may also have facial diplegia, as well as respiratory and swallowing difficulties. (aao.org)
  • Long-term use of steroid eyedrops is thought to lead to ptosis as a localized steroid-induced myopathy of the levator muscle. (aao.org)
  • Levator aponeurotic defects have been found to be the most frequent cause of acquired ptosis, supplanting the idea that acquired ptosis is the result of aging ("senile" ptosis). (aao.org)
  • This ptosis is caused by stretching, dehiscence, or disinsertion of the levator aponeurosis. (aao.org)
  • Patients with a history of keloids formation, hypertrophic scars, human albumin allergy, hepatitis infection, facial asymmetry or eyebrow ptosis, active herpes simplex infection, autoimmune disorders, or neuromuscular diseases were excluded. (jcadonline.com)
  • The pathogenesis of aponeurotic ptosis is most often due to dehiscence or disinsertion of the levator aponeurosis. (nih.gov)
  • Characteristic features of this type of ptosis are that patients have a good levator function with a high lid crease, affected eyelid appears lower on down gaze and a thin upper eyelid with redundant skin. (nih.gov)
  • Neurogenic ptosis results from any condition which disrupts the innervation of either the levator muscle or muller's muscle. (nih.gov)
  • Some people suffer from congenital ptosis, in which the levator muscle of the top eyelid does not fully develop. (mimimika.com)
  • Complications and indications are summarized in Table 1.50 Table 1 Choice of surgical technique according to the grade of ptosis and levator function Procedures There are several options available with regard to procedures . (symptoma.com)
  • Neurogenic ptosis occurs when there are problems with the nerve pathways in the eyelid muscles. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • With the popularity of Botox® , we also occasionally see ptosis from weakening of the muscle s holding the eyelid up. (plasticsurgerytoday.com)
  • There are many causes of ptosis, but the most common is age-related slippage of the muscle that lifts the eyelid. (sieht.com)
  • The levator muscle, aponeurosis, or the insertion site of the aponeurosis may be adversely affected by such injections. (aao.org)
  • its fibers continue superiorly and medially, spreading into a thin aponeurosis which is constant on the bridge of the nose and the muscle of the opposite side. (earthslab.com)
  • Levator aponeurosis advancement and Fasanella-Servat Mullerectomy are two other surgical options. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It lies around 8 to 11 mm above the margin of the upper eyelid and consists of fibres of the levator aponeurosis. (drfountain.com)
  • The levator anguli oris plays a key role in nonverbal communication, as it helps the face form one of the most universally known expressions: the smile. (healthline.com)
  • There are two levator anguli oris muscles, each located symmetrically on either side of the mouth. (healthline.com)
  • The levator anguli oris arises from the canine fossa, which is located under the infraorbital foramen, an opening in the bone just below the eye socket. (healthline.com)
  • The levator anguli oris also originates in the maxilla bone (upper jawbone) and inserts into the modiolus, an area in the corner of the mouth that contains eight different muscles. (healthline.com)
  • The facial artery ascends in a plane deep to the platysma, risorius, and zygomaticus major and minor muscles and superficial to the buccinator and levator anguli oris. (medscape.com)
  • The result is that dogs gradually acquired a new forehead muscle named the levator anguli oculi medialis, or LAOM, and have used it to deploy the doleful look to devastating effect ever since. (webster-smalley.co.uk)
  • Then, to determine if symmetry is improved as a result of placing the sutures parallel to the direction of facial muscle forces, we measured the vectors of levator labii superioris and zygomaticus major in cadaver hemifaces (N=3) and compared them to the angles of the vectors of correction from the patient sample to angles of muscle vectors in three facial hemispheres from cadaver controls. (asu.edu)
  • The main muscle responsible for making a smile is called the zygomaticus major. (666how.com)
  • In addition to the zygomaticus major, several other muscles around your mouth are involved in creating a full smile. (666how.com)
  • This includes both those which pull our lips outwardly (such as the zygomaticus major) as well as those which help lift our cheeks (like levator labii superioris). (666how.com)
  • therefore its actions are translated by the facial nerve root. (wikipedia.org)
  • The course of the frontal branch of the facial nerve passes through the temple and forehead, placing this nerve at risk of injury at the time of surgical dissection. (medscape.com)
  • The muscle receives oxygenated blood from the facial artery, while the buccal branches of the facial nerve provides the sensory innervation. (healthline.com)
  • Surgery deep to the deep cervical fascia can result in injury to the facial nerve, which is the primary nerve supply to the face. (eyeplastics.com)
  • Utmost care must be taken to avoid injury to the facial nerve or its branches. (eyeplastics.com)
  • At 47 years of age, she underwent left retromastoid microcraniectomy to solve a vascular-nervous conflict at the origin of the left facial nerve in the bulb-pontin. (orlandoderm.org)
  • The buccal branch of the facial nerve innervates the nasalis muscle. (earthslab.com)
  • Bell palsy is an acute, unilateral, peripheral, lower-motor-neuron facial nerve paralysis that gradually resolves over time in 80-90% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • The muscle's fibers insert at the mouth's angle (corner), and it intermingles with the zygomaticus, triangularis, and orbicularis oris muscles. (healthline.com)
  • The muscle most brass players are familiar with is the orbicularis oris, which is a complex circular muscle that surrounds the orifice of the mouth and forms the majority of the lips. (wedgemouthpiece.com)
  • Many of these muscles attach to and actually become intertwined with the orbicularis oris muscle fibres, providing a way to fine tune the movement and shape of the vibrating aperture. (wedgemouthpiece.com)
  • From superficial to deep, the layers of the upper and lower lips include the epidermis, subcutaneous tissue, orbicularis oris muscle fibers, and mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • We conclude that, compared to existing protocols, our novel surgical method is a better means of static suspension for reconstruction following onset of facial paralysis as it is simple to perform, easy to replicate, able to be post-operatively adjusted in-office, has a good long-term prognosis, and, as we have demonstrated, effectively corrects the appearance of asymmetry by working with the underlying facial anatomy. (asu.edu)
  • Facial plastic surgeon Dr. Monica Tadros, M.D., F.A.C.S will evaluate your anatomy thoroughly to determine the causes of your eyelid appearance and decide which techniques/procedures are the right options for you. (drmonicatadros.com)
  • This muscle is so-named because contraction of this muscle creates the facial expression of superiority that a prince would make. (learnmuscles.com)
  • Myotonia Atrophica / Myotonic dystrophy is characterized by progressive multisystem genetic impairment in relaxation of muscles after voluntary contraction due to repetitive depolarization of the muscle membrane disorders muscle wasting and weakness. (rxharun.com)
  • In addition to correcting your droopy eyelids, these exercises can reverse the effects of aging and muscle weakness. (mimimika.com)
  • This works the muscles that pull the eyelids open and shut. (mimimika.com)
  • Regular facial exercises will help prevent the development of droopy eyelids and other eye disorders. (mimimika.com)
  • The eyelids may droop if the muscle in the eyelid separates or stretches away. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Doctors may recommend these options for people with droopy eyelids that are not related to levator muscle function. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Portions of the orbicularis oculi muscle remain over the medial parts of the eyelids but have been reflected in various ways to show underlying structures. (stanford.edu)
  • This muscle attachment can be strengthened with a levator advancement procedure , and the eyelids can usually be lifted to improve visual function and appearance. (sieht.com)
  • Excess skin and muscle may also be removed to correct drooping eyelids or bags below the eyes. (drmonicatadros.com)
  • 5 Cranial and facial Bones  Zygomatic bone ("cheekbone") 1. (slideshare.net)
  • The wandering of the trapezius and the latissimus dorsi and also of muscles in the ahdominal wall was noted by Dr. Mall [1] several years ago. (edu.au)
  • Along with the latissimus dorsi, rhomboids, and levator scapula, the trapezius muscle is one of the widest back muscles. (healthline.com)
  • Dohrn * finds two buds from each myotome, an anterior and a posterior, entering the fin anlage, these he believes form the fin muscles. (edu.au)
  • In essence, the anterior lamella consists of the skin and the orbicularis oculi muscle while the posterior lamella consists of the conjunctiva and the tarsus. (drfountain.com)
  • The SMAS is a thin layer of connective tissue that lies attached closely with the platysma muscle, frontalis muscle, galea and superficial temporal fascia. (eyeplastics.com)
  • This operation involves the frontalis muscle, using the forehead muscle to control the upper eyelid. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It forms connections between the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) of the face and frontalis muscle , the temple and the cheek. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Although it is most commonly due to gravitational pull on the brow, which causes the tissue from above the eyelid itself to descend into the eyelid, pushing the eyelid down, it can also occur from weakness of the frontalis muscle, the muscle that elevates the brow. (plasticsurgerytoday.com)
  • To control the aperture these muscle fibres have to cross the mouthpiece rim, mostly coming from the side and slightly from above and below. (wedgemouthpiece.com)
  • Kneading facial muscles brings nutrients to the treated area, helping the collagen and elastin fibres retain their elasticity, while stimulating marma points can balance energy and and release blockages. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Annie - All mammals that we know of have mimetic muscles that are dominated by fast twitch fibres. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • What we found was that both humans and wolves have a large minority of slow twitch fibres in these face muscles. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • That requires some slow twitch muscle fibres. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • Humans use speech and as part of speech, we move our lips in very specific controlled fashions that also require slow twitch muscle fibres. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • In many studies, this technique has been utilized in order to measure, through transverse sections, the Masseter muscle and co-relate such findings with the temporomandibular joint dysfunction, pain in muscular palpation, facial morphology, bite strength, and occlusal factors 7-8 . (bvsalud.org)
  • You have one masseter muscle on each side of your jaw. (healthline.com)
  • 5] The facial artery ascends from the neck over the midbody of the mandible just anterior to the insertion of the masseter muscle. (medscape.com)
  • The thickness of Masseter muscle was measured by bilateral, transverse sections, in real time, through image ultrasonography, in thirty-five volunteers, from 19 to 45 years, who were classified in two groups: Group A - symptomatic patients (21 volunteers - 10 men and 11 women), and Group B - asymptomatic patients (14 volunteers - 7 of each gender). (bvsalud.org)
  • The measurement of the Masseter muscle thickness, by Ultrasonography images, is not conclusive for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). (bvsalud.org)
  • The ultrasonography of the Masseter muscle is shown to be simple, fast, non-invasive and technically reproductive, reliable in its measuring of the muscle's thickness 5-6 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The nasalis is a muscle of the nose that contracts and dilates the nasal cartilages. (earthslab.com)
  • The nasalis muscle is made up of two parts: the transverse and the alar. (earthslab.com)
  • The transverse part of the nasalis is a slim muscle which hooks. (earthslab.com)
  • The alar part of the nasalis is a short, wide muscle. (earthslab.com)
  • Such patients also have associated facial paralysis and generalized proximal muscle weakness. (aao.org)
  • [rx] Distal muscle weakness is the predominant symptom in classic DM1. (rxharun.com)
  • [rx] Some physical examination findings include early-onset cataracts (younger than 50 years), varying grip myotonia, proximal muscle weakness or stiffness, hearing loss, and myofascial pain. (rxharun.com)
  • Damage to any of its five branches could cause weakness of the muscles supplied by that particular branch. (eyeplastics.com)
  • From an anatomical point of view, the eyelid consists primarily of skin, underlying soft tissue also called a subcutaneous tissue and a thin layer of muscle called the orbicularis oculi. (eyelidsbybrown.com)
  • The orbicularis oculi muscle is a muscle of facial expression , a ring-like muscle functioning in a number of eyelid movements. (radiopaedia.org)
  • The orbicularis oculi muscle is subdivided into orbital, palpebral and lacrimal parts. (radiopaedia.org)
  • We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intradermal injections of BTXA for facial lifting. (jcadonline.com)
  • 4 Intradermal BTXA comprises multiple, smaller injections of diluted BTXA into the skin to achieve facial lifting and skin rejuvenation. (jcadonline.com)
  • Dr David Goldberg is recognised nationally and internationally for his work with skin lasers, cosmetic dermatology and facial rejuvenation techniques. (issuu.com)
  • Intradermal botolinum toxin A (BTXA) is an advanced technique that emerged in response to the increased demand for noninvasive facial lifting and skin rejuvenation. (jcadonline.com)
  • Learn how to give a natural facial rejuvenation massage. (firebaseapp.com)
  • learn in the The Lange-Muller Method of Natural Facial Rejuvenation training For professional aestheticians and massage therapists as well as lay people Mehta's Natural Facelift-Rejuvenation Massage. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Treatment not just of the face but also both sides of the neck, with the aim of obtaining a progressive rejuvenation that minimizes the negative aesthetic effects of facial palsy. (orlandoderm.org)
  • The U of T team found that people make similar facial movements in response to both primitive forms of disgust and moral disgust. (medicalxpress.com)
  • In particular, they focused on movement of the levator labii muscle, which acts to raise the upper lip and wrinkle the nose, movements that are thought to be characteristic of the facial expression of disgust. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Trait disgust, but not trait anger, correlated with levator labii responses to moral themes. (edu.au)
  • Subsequent research has shown that the universality of emotions also applies to those blind since birth and even children in mother's womb in which, about 6 months of age, you can notice the first facial expressions of joy and disgust. (whitefox.pl)
  • 9-11 Moreover, its injection into the jaw line results in lifting of the cheeks and jowls through its effect on the platysma muscle. (jcadonline.com)
  • From a cosmetic surgeon's standpoint, your face is made up of the following components: skin, fat, superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS ), platysma muscle, Erb's point (containing important nerves), deep cervical fascia and the retaining ligaments of the face. (eyeplastics.com)
  • T he Platysma is a thin, flat muscle that begins in the chest just in front of your collar bone, the clavicle , moving up towards the face and covering the front and sides of the neck. (eyeplastics.com)
  • As one ages, the platysma muscle becomes loosely attached to the underlying structures resulting in vertical banding and bowing under the chin. (eyeplastics.com)
  • The muscle arises in the maxilla part of the skull and attaches within the nasal bone . (earthslab.com)
  • The inferior oblique muscle arises anteromedially, immediately lateral to the nasolacrimal canal. (dartmouth.edu)
  • The depressor labii inferioris muscle is a four-sided facial muscle located in the jaw area that draws the lower lip down and to the side. (healthline.com)
  • We first analyzed the ability of this procedure to improve facial symmetry by comparing the degree of asymmetry between the paralyzed and unaffected sides of a patient's face (N=10) prior to and following surgery. (asu.edu)
  • Results indicate that: (1) facial symmetry was significantly improved in these patients and (2) this improvement. (asu.edu)
  • Treatment of both sides of the face to ameliorate synkinesis of the affected side, minimize hyperkinesis of the unaffected side, and improve overall facial symmetry. (orlandoderm.org)
  • In addition, performing eyelid exercises three to five times a week can help reduce wrinkles and improve facial symmetry. (mimimika.com)
  • The curved arc of the temporal line is palpable at the lateral limits of the forehead and is made more apparent with the action of the temporalis muscle with mastication. (medscape.com)
  • If the problem is with the function of the levator muscle, a common surgical option is a frontalis sling procedure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Another procedure for poor levator function is levator resection . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The Müller's muscle, or the superior tarsal muscle, in the upper eyelid and the inferior palpebral muscle in the lower 3 eyelid are responsible for widening the eyes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The inferior palpebral muscle is coordinated with the inferior rectus to pull down the lower lid when one looks down. (wikipedia.org)
  • The palpebral part of the muscle has thinner fibers continuous with the orbital part. (radiopaedia.org)
  • When this muscle contracts, it pulls your cheeks up and creates the classic curved grin associated with smiling. (666how.com)
  • For example, a smirk uses fewer muscle activations than an authentic smile does since it involves less movement of the mouth and cheeks. (666how.com)
  • Our method involves placing barbed sutures through the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) and anchoring them in the temporal fascia parallel to the underlying facial muscles. (asu.edu)
  • Muscles responsible for facial expressions originate from the bone, and most of these muscles have an insertion in the skin. (jcadonline.com)
  • It lies beneath the fat layer of your skin and provides definition to your facial expressions. (eyeplastics.com)
  • By activating certain combinations of these muscles, we can make all sorts of expressions such as smirks, grins, frowns, etc. (666how.com)
  • While a polite or social smile requires fewer muscle activations than an authentic one does, both types serve their own important purposes by allowing us to express ourselves emotionally through facial expressions. (666how.com)
  • people, as representatives of the same species, experience emotions that manifest themselves in the same facial expressions (people from different cultural backgrounds were examined, also those that had never had any contacts with the Western civilization before). (whitefox.pl)
  • To practice and master the accuracy of reading facial expressions, we use computer software developed based on a manual analysis of 10,000 photographs depicting the above-mentioned emotions. (whitefox.pl)
  • The movement of the upper arm and shoulder is controlled by a group of four muscles that make up the rotator cuff. (healthline.com)
  • [rx] Those who survive into childhood or adulthood typically exhibit a characteristic tented appearance of the upper lip that results from facial diplegia. (rxharun.com)
  • The surgeon makes incisions along the fold of the upper eyelid to remove excess muscle and skin. (mimimika.com)
  • Intrinsic droop of the upper eyelid is secondary to an abnormality of the muscle holding the eyelid up. (plasticsurgerytoday.com)
  • This is complicated by the fact that there are actually three muscles that elevate the upper eyelid. (plasticsurgerytoday.com)
  • The trapezius is the most superficial (nearest to the skin) of the back, neck, and upper trunk muscles. (healthline.com)
  • This triangular muscle is broad and flat, lying just beneath the skin and covering the upper back of the shoulders and neck. (healthline.com)
  • Sometimes, a drooping eyelid is caused by stretching of one of the upper eyelid muscles, the levator. (drmonicatadros.com)
  • The trapezius muscle is a postural and active movement muscle, used to tilt and turn the head and neck, shrug, steady the shoulders, and twist the arms. (healthline.com)
  • The Deep Cervical Fascia is a connective tissue in the neck that covers and protects the muscles, nerves, blood vessels and glands of the face. (eyeplastics.com)
  • Erb's point lies vertically below the ear canal just behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle and represents the point of emergence of several nerves that provide sensation to the neck and lower face. (eyeplastics.com)
  • In the present paper I purpose to consider the origin of the tissue which fills the arm bud, the entrance of nerves into this tissue and its differentiation into skeleton, ligaments, muscle and tendon, and finally the growth and wandering of these structures until practically the adult conditions are present. (edu.au)
  • Bell palsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders affecting the cranial nerves, and it is the most common cause of facial paralysis worldwide. (medscape.com)
  • The orbits (figs. 45-1 and 45-2 ) are two bony cavities occupied by the eyes and associated muscles, nerves, blood vessels, fat, and much of the lacrimal apparatus. (dartmouth.edu)
  • It eventually attaches to your jaw bone and skin, then merges with several muscles and continues as the SMAS over the parotid ( salivary ) gland and cheek. (eyeplastics.com)
  • The facial artery branches into the submental artery that passes under the mandibular body in an anteromedial direction. (medscape.com)
  • The superior labial artery usually branches from the facial artery 1.1 cm lateral (SD 0.43) and 0.9 cm (SD 0.20) superior to the oral commissure. (medscape.com)
  • The inferior labial artery branches from the facial artery 2.6 cm (SD 0.70) lateral and 1.5 cm (SD 0.45) inferior to the oral commissure. (medscape.com)
  • The facial artery then ascends in the nasolabial groove as the angular artery, forming branches to the nasal ala and anastomosing with the dorsal nasal artery. (medscape.com)
  • We have developed a full-face and neck approach to the treatment of facial palsy with BoNTA using standardized entry points, dose ranges and injection depths (Table 1). (orlandoderm.org)
  • The trapezius and semispinalis capitis muscles create a muscle column along the back portion of the neck. (healthline.com)
  • Transverse part - It is constant with the same muscle of the other side of the face. (earthslab.com)
  • As neither end moves, the muscle compresses the side of the nose, but not the nostrils. (earthslab.com)
  • Twenty-five female patients with mild symmetrical facial skin laxity were enrolled in this study. (jcadonline.com)
  • Facial palsy is a common problem from which many patients do not completely recover and hence have to live with chronic sequelae. (orlandoderm.org)
  • Standardized protocols are currently lacking for the use of BoNTA in patients with facial palsy. (orlandoderm.org)
  • Here, we present case studies of two patients with facial hemiparesis treated with BoNTA (onabotulinumtoxinA, Allergan, Dublin, Ireland) using this approach. (orlandoderm.org)
  • Because the levator muscle itself is healthy, levator function is usually normal. (aao.org)
  • 7 Therefore, using intradermal injection of BTXA, the function of the muscle is retained, resulting in preservation of a natural look compared to conventional BTXA, which targets mainly the muscles. (jcadonline.com)
  • Water restriction to produce subcutaneous volume deficit and better definition of muscle muscle mRNA levels mortality with arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (sideload.com)