• ALOX12, often termed plate platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase, is distinguished from leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase which is found in mice, rats, cows, and pigs but not humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • These reactions lead to hydroxy products (HETE) via reduction by glutathion peroxidases, leukotrienes (LT) via isomerisation and dehydration, prostaglandins (PG), dihydroperoxy compounds (DiHpETE) and lipoxines (Lx) by isomerisation. (gerli.com)
  • Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 75 (3), 197-202. (springer.com)
  • Leukotrienes and prostaglandins are involved in multiple physiological and pathophysiological events, and inhibition of their action is the molecular basis for the pharmacological activities of several important drugs. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • previously named ML3000) is a substrate analogue of arachidonic acid which inhibits cyclooxygenase type 1 and 2 (COX1 and COX2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), decreasing prostaglandins and leukotrienes production. (j-epilepsy.org)
  • ALOX12 (EC 1.13.11.31), also known as arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12-lipoxygenase, 12S-Lipoxygenase, 12-LOX, and 12S-LOX is a lipoxygenase-type enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALOX12 gene which is located along with other lipoyxgenases on chromosome 17p13.3. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other systematic names for ALOX12 include 12S-Lipoxygenase, platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase, arachidonate:oxygen 12-oxidoreductase, Delta12-lipoxygenase, 12Delta-lipoxygenase, and C-12 lipoxygenase. (wikipedia.org)
  • While arachidonate and 12(S)-HETE are the predominant substrates and products, respectively, of ALOX12, the enzyme also metabolizes other PUFA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Part III: Products of the Lipoxygenase Pathways and their Receptors. (edu.au)
  • 3,8-9 In fact, there is a great interest in the understanding of its structure and its mechanism of action, particularly of the molecular pathways involved in its recognition and cellular signaling, 10-15 as well as the forms of its inactivation 3,16 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Licofelone is a cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor, which its effectiveness to treat osteoarthritis has been approved. (j-epilepsy.org)
  • Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
  • This includes lipoxygenases, which incorporate one molecule of O2 into the carbon framework and cyclooxygenases, which incorporate two molecules of O2. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • We have conducted extensive functional studies with lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases based on available crystal structures and employing exhaustive site-directed mutagenesis. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • These regio-specific enzymatic reactions between oxygen and polyunsaturated fatty acids formed new compounds, named oxylipins, which are most frequently with the S-configuration (5-HpETE, 12-HpETE or 15-HpETE). (gerli.com)
  • The 5-, 12- and 15-HETE are the main forms but others have been detected (8-, 9-, 11-, 15-, 17-, 18-, 19- and 20-HETE, the 16- to 20-HETE being formed via cytochrome P450). (gerli.com)
  • Effect of 15-HETE on the 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway in Neutrophils: Genuine Inhibitor or Alternative Substrate? (edu.au)
  • Atherosclerosis starts with dysfunctional changes in the endothelium induced by disturbed shear stress which can lead to endothelial and platelet activation, adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium, and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages, which increase the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and turn into foam cells, exacerbating the inflammatory signalling. (hindawi.com)
  • 12(R)-hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid (12(R)-HpETE), a product with very different pathophysiological roles than that of 12(S)-HpETE (see ALOX12B). (wikipedia.org)
  • The work on lipid mediators is focused on endocannabinoid oxygenation products of COX-2 and 15-lipoxygenase whereas the work on lipid peroxidation products is focused on malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, and structurally related molecules. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Therefore, with the aim to summarize the current knowledge on the initiation of the atherosclerotic process, in this paper, we review the early markers of atherosclerosis and we address the main therapeutic targets for preventing atheroma formation at its very initial stages focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and the interaction between platelets and endothelium. (hindawi.com)
  • The HETE are found in many types of cells from invertebrates to humans. (gerli.com)
  • Studies on the role of ALOX12 in pathophysiology using the main models for such functional studies, rats and mice, are complicated because neither species possesses a lipoxygenase that makes a predominance of 12(S)-HETE and therefore is metabolically equivalent to ALOX12. (wikipedia.org)
  • human ALOX15B makes 15(S)-HpETE but not 12(S)-HpETE and therefore is not regarded as a 12/15-lipoxygenase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Based predominantly on the presence of its mRNA, human ALOX12 is distributed predominantly in blood platelets and leukocytes and at lower levels in the basal layer of the epidermis (particularly in the skin lesions of psoriasis), islets of Langerhans within the pancreas, and certain cancers. (wikipedia.org)
  • it also promotes the malignant behavior of cultured human cancer cells as well as the growth of certain cancers in animal models (see 12-HETE). (wikipedia.org)
  • among them, proline is the major contributor that constitutes 50-85% of the total amino acids [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Studies on the role of ALOX12 in pathophysiology using the main models for such functional studies, rats and mice, are complicated because neither species possesses a lipoxygenase that makes a predominance of 12(S)-HETE and therefore is metabolically equivalent to ALOX12. (wikipedia.org)
  • it also promotes the malignant behavior of cultured human cancer cells as well as the growth of certain cancers in animal models (see 12-HETE). (wikipedia.org)
  • 12-LOX is an isoform expressed in epithelial cells and myeloid cells including platelets. (nih.gov)