AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsHealth Care
LarynxNasal MucosaRespiratory MucosaMucous MembraneAdenoidsNoseOlfactory MucosaMucociliary ClearanceRespiratory SystemMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningBacterial AdhesionLaryngeal NeoplasmsAdministration, IntranasalHaemophilus influenzaeOrgan Culture TechniquesElectronic NoseIntestinal MucosaGastric MucosaNose DiseasesLaryngectomyNose Deformities, AcquiredLaryngeal MucosaMouth MucosaVocal CordsLaryngeal DiseasesPhonationGlottisLaryngeal MusclesNose NeoplasmsEpiglottisLaryngeal NervesLaryngoscopyHypopharyngeal NeoplasmsPharyngeal NeoplasmsKymographyLaryngeal CartilagesCricoid CartilageNasal CavityRhinoplastyCarcinoma, Squamous CellVoice QualityHypopharynxPharynxOtorhinolaryngologic DiseasesArytenoid CartilageHyoid BoneLaryngeal EdemaHead and Neck NeoplasmsOtolaryngologyPharyngectomyVocal Cord ParalysisDeglutitionColonElectronicsMouth NeoplasmsLaryngitisStroboscopyAir PressureTracheaTurbinatesVoice DisordersNasal ObstructionOrgan Sparing TreatmentsNasal SeptumVocalization, AnimalOropharyngeal NeoplasmsTracheal DiseasesDeglutition DisordersTracheostomyAntelopesEsophagusAcousticsLaryngostenosisFiber Optic TechnologyLaryngoscopesTracheotomyDuodenumOtorhinolaryngologic NeoplasmsVoiceVibrationPharyngeal DiseasesImmunohistochemistryAir MovementsOdorsReflexTonguePressureAirway ObstructionRhinitisIntubation, IntratrachealDogsOropharynxBiopsyMouth
TracheaAirwayPharynx and larynxOral cavityNasal cavityNasopharynxBronchiolesPortion of the larynxAlveoliMucusEpitheliumSymptomsCarbon dioxideBronchiAirwaysOrgansBronchialLungsInfectionSecretionsMucous MembraneVocalAcuteOlfactoryGenitalLaryngopharynxStructuresAnatomyInfectionsSystemCricoid cartilageInhalationLungOesophagusConsistsDiphtheriaPharyngealRunny noseCavities within the noseSalivaBronchitisLesionsViralCartilageAffectsHemorrhageMembranesDigestiveAlveolar ductsCongestionCroup
Trachea26
  • From the larynx, air moves into the trachea and down to the intersection known as the carina that branches to form the right and left primary (main) bronchi. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lower airways or lower respiratory tract includes the portion of the larynx below the vocal folds, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles. (wikipedia.org)
  • The conducting zone includes structures outside of the lungs - the nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea, and structures inside the lungs - the bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lower respiratory tract or lower airway is derived from the developing foregut and consists of the trachea, bronchi (primary, secondary and tertiary), bronchioles (including terminal and respiratory), and lungs (including alveoli). (wikipedia.org)
  • The lower respiratory tract is also called the respiratory tree or tracheobronchial tree, to describe the branching structure of airways supplying air to the lungs, and includes the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles. (wikipedia.org)
  • trachea main bronchus (diameter approximately 1 - 1.4 cm in adults) lobar bronchus (diameter approximately 1 cm) segmental bronchus (diameter 4.5 to 13 mm) subsegmental bronchus (diameter 1 to 6 mm) conducting bronchiole terminal bronchiole respiratory bronchiole alveolar duct alveolar sac alveolus At each division point or generation, one airway branches into two smaller airways. (wikipedia.org)
  • The conducting portion of the respiratory tract begins at the nose and nasal cavity and extends through the pharynx of the upper respiratory tract and the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and larger bronchioles (airways of the lower respiratory tract). (tiesen.nl)
  • A)the upper respiratory tract includes components of both functional portions B)the trachea is part of the lower respiratory tract but not of the bronchial tree C)stratified epithelia occur only in parts of the tract shared by another system The respiratory portion includes the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli. (tiesen.nl)
  • The trachea carries air from the nose and mouth to the bronchi, which branch to each lung. (samedicalgraphics.com)
  • The mucosa is the inner layer of the trachea. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • The wall of the primary bronchi is constructed like the trachea, but as the branches of the tree get smaller, the cartilaginous rings and the mucosa are replaced by smooth muscle. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • With radiotherapy to the larynx and trachea, together with systemic administration of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone, marked improvement occurred. (findzebra.com)
  • As its alternative names, laryngotracheitis and laryngotracheobronchitis, indicate, croup generally affects the larynx and trachea, although this illness may also extend to the bronchi. (medscape.com)
  • However, morbidity is secondary to narrowing of the larynx and trachea below the level of the glottis (subglottic region), causing the characteristic audible inspiratory stridor (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • The infection spreads and eventually involves the larynx and trachea. (medscape.com)
  • Inflammation and edema of the subglottic larynx and trachea, especially near the cricoid cartilage, are most clinically significant. (medscape.com)
  • The trachea is continuous with the larynx above and the two primary bronchi below. (medcell.org)
  • At higher exposure levels also the olfactory epithelium, larynx or trachea were affected. (europa.eu)
  • The bronchoscopy is a diagnostic test that allows to visualize the airway (larynx, trachea and larger bronchi) and to collect samples of respiratory secretions, bronchial or lung tissue or nodes of the mediastinum. (cun.es)
  • After advancing through the pharynx and larynx, the vocal cords are reached and passing through them to the trachea and bronchi. (cun.es)
  • Your airway starts with your nose (or mouth), continues through your windpipe (trachea), and ends in your lungs, where alveoli give your blood oxygen and extract carbon dioxide. (rejuv-health.com)
  • The anatomy of the airway begins with the nose and nasal cavity (or oral cavity), then proceeds through the pharynx, past the epiglottis, into the larynx where your vocal cords are, down the trachea, through the bronchial tree, and into the lungs. (rejuv-health.com)
  • Located just above the glottis (the top portion of the larynx), the epiglottis opens posteriorly to allow breathing into the trachea and closes to allow swallowing down the parallel esophagus. (rejuv-health.com)
  • Larynx and trachea channel inhaled air towards the bronchi, bronchioles and the lung alveoli, i.e. the lower airway, or final part of the respiratory tract. (prodecopharma.com)
  • Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) occurs when these fluids flow high enough into the back of the throat (pharynx) that they can be aspirated into the voice box (larynx) and trachea (windpipe). (johnmcclaymd.com)
  • Respiratory diseases affect all parts of the system, including the nose and sinuses, the throat and larynx, the trachea, the bronchi and the lungs. (rainofmind.com)
Airway15
  • Clinically, nasal or respiratory airway care with saline reduces symptoms of seasonal coronaviruses and other common cold viruses. (springer.com)
  • The opening of the larynx has a special flap of cartilage, the epiglottis, that opens to allow air to pass through but closes to prevent food from moving into the airway. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast, airway disease usually has little effect on respiratory function and is rarely the cause of death in these patients. (ersjournals.com)
  • 1. The respiratory system can be divided into the upper respiratory system, which can also be referred to as the upper airway and the upper respiratory tract, and the lower respiratory system, which can also be referred to as the lower airway and the lower respiratory tract, as shown in the picture below. (tiesen.nl)
  • The larynx is composed of a number of cartilaginous structures, muscles and ligaments which maintain the patency of the airway and hold the vocal cords under tension during speech. (samedicalgraphics.com)
  • Although croup is usually a mild, self-limited disease, upper airway obstruction may result in respiratory distress and even death. (medscape.com)
  • Crusting and mucus stagnation with erythematous granular mucosa in the left nasal airway. (bmj.com)
  • Below, we talk about the structure and function of various parts of your airway anatomy - AKA, your respiratory tract. (rejuv-health.com)
  • The airway is your respiratory tract, the part of your body that controls breathing. (rejuv-health.com)
  • The upper respiratory tract can also be said to include the part of the larynx above the vocal cords, but some experts simply group the larynx in with lower airway anatomy. (rejuv-health.com)
  • The passage of air in the upper airway (how this set of organs is called) allows it to be warmed up and take on water vapor: this way it is ready to move on to the second part of the respiratory tract, i.e. at mid-level. (prodecopharma.com)
  • Thus, nasal examination with fibroscopy is called nasofibroscopy, examination of the larynx fibrolaryngoscopy and examination of the entire upper airway is called nasofibrolaryngoscopy. (tibhealth.com)
  • In severe laryngeal injury, a conventional treatment is the surgical reduction of larynx and laryngeal stent in place to ensure airway during recovery. (jcohns.org)
  • Stridor is a harsh, vibratory sound of variable pitch caused by partial obstruction of the respiratory passages that results in turbulent airflow through the airway. (johnmcclaymd.com)
  • Stridor from infections is due to the turbulent flow of air past inflammatory swelling of the mucosa lining the airway. (johnmcclaymd.com)
Pharynx and larynx3
Oral cavity4
  • Mucosa of the oral cavity may be hyperemic. (survivingtoxicmold.com)
  • Included in the aerodigestive tract are the oral cavity (mouth), pyriform sinus, larynx, pharynx, esophagus, as well as the nose and sinus tract. (nyogmd.com)
  • During inhalation the first organs that air comes in contact with are the nose and the oral cavity, and right afterwards the pharynx. (prodecopharma.com)
  • All organs part of the respiratory tract are particularly exposed to attacks by bacteria, viruses or other harmful elements: in fact, these can be present in air inhaled and therefore come into direct contact with the mucosa of the nose, oral cavity, pharynx, etc. (prodecopharma.com)
Nasal cavity6
  • Air is breathed in through the nose to the nasal cavity, where a layer of nasal mucosa acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air. (wikipedia.org)
  • The tract consists of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, the pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx) and sometimes includes the larynx. (wikipedia.org)
  • First off, the upper respiratory tract includes the nose/nostrils and nasal cavity, mouth, throat, voice box and the mucosal membrane that lines the whole system. (globalpetfoods.com)
  • The nose consists of the visible external nose and the internal nasal cavity. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • The most sensitive site in rodents and monkeys following inhalation exposure is the respiratory epithelium in the anterior part of the nasal cavity. (europa.eu)
  • Conclusions:?This full case report, which represents a rare tumor from the nasal cavity, is likely to enhance the recognition and referral of the condition by ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists for multidisciplinary management and long-term follow-up. (siamtech.net)
Nasopharynx3
  • The primary ports of entry are the nose and nasopharynx. (medscape.com)
  • Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)
  • these tumors take place in the respiratory system generally, the submucosa from the sinus cavity specifically, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx. (siamtech.net)
Bronchioles8
  • The lungs can be included in the lower respiratory tract or as separate entity and include the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. (wikipedia.org)
  • The respiratory zone includes the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli, and is the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • The respiratory bronchioles and the alveolar ducts are responsible for 10% of the gas exchange. (wikipedia.org)
  • The respiratory portion comprises respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli. (tiesen.nl)
  • Inside the lungs, each primary bronchus divides repeatedly into branches of smaller diameters, forming secondary (lobar) bronchi, tertiary (segmental) bronchi, and numerous orders of bronchioles (1 mm or less in diameter), including terminal bronchioles (0.5 mm in diameter) and microscopic respiratory bronchioles. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • These are located entirely within the lung and are represented by respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. (medcell.org)
  • The respiratory airways extend from the respiratory bronchioles to the alveoli. (medcell.org)
  • The respiratory bronchioles have a diameter of 0.5 millimeters and feature a few alveoli scattered along their walls. (medcell.org)
Portion of the larynx1
  • The upper airways or upper respiratory tract includes the nose and nasal passages, paranasal sinuses, the pharynx, and the portion of the larynx above the vocal folds (cords). (wikipedia.org)
Alveoli1
  • From the alveoli, the formation of respiratory surfaces occurs in humans. (tiesen.nl)
Mucus7
  • Saline provides moisture to respiratory epithelia and gels mucus, promotes ciliary beating, and improves mucociliary clearance. (springer.com)
  • They are lined with a ciliated mucosa which has mucus glands. (samedicalgraphics.com)
  • The sinuses are interconnected via a series of openings, allowing mucus to drain into the nose and pharynx. (samedicalgraphics.com)
  • The primary changes are in the brain, respiratory and immune systems, mucus membranes and gastrointestinal tract. (survivingtoxicmold.com)
  • The mucosa in WG has a granular quality and stagnant mucus superinfected with nasal commensals from the nasal vestibule can coat the septum and lateral nasal wall (see fig 1 ). (bmj.com)
  • Hypersecretion of mucus and oedema of the mucosa are what causes the nasal and sinusal obstruction. (greek.doctor)
  • Both mucus and vibrissae impede passing through of foreign substances such as dust or small insects, that would otherwise access the respiratory tracts together with air inhaled. (prodecopharma.com)
Epithelium4
  • Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 damage ciliated epithelium in the nose and airways. (springer.com)
  • The respiratory tract is lined with respiratory epithelium as respiratory mucosa. (wikipedia.org)
  • When inhaled, nitrogen mustard damages the respiratory tract epithelium and may cause death. (cdc.gov)
  • The epithelium lining the respiratory tract from the nasal fossa through the bronchi is called the respiratory mucosa and is characterized by a pseudostratified ciliated epithelium with abundant non-ciliated cells known as goblet cells. (medcell.org)
Symptoms8
  • If toxin production is unopposed by antitoxin and severe disease occurs, early localized signs and symptoms give way to circulatory collapse, respiratory failure, stupor, coma, and death. (medscape.com)
  • Patients may present with upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms (eg, recurrent nasal discharge or epistaxis, cough), followed by hypertension and edema, or with symptoms reflecting multiorgan involvement. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Typically, the most consistent symptoms include sneezing, coughing, nasal congestion, conjunctivitis (inflammation of the membrane lining the eyelids), and discharge from the nose and/or eyes. (globalpetfoods.com)
  • These mucosal membranes can swell in reaction to allergens, bacteria and viruses, leading to narrow airways and respiratory symptoms. (samedicalgraphics.com)
  • The only symptoms was drowning of respiratory tract with saliva - which would have been swallowed otherwise- leading to repeated aspiration pneumonia. (zydushospitals.com)
  • When there are signs of granular nasal mucosa, a biopsy is both a specific and sensitive way of diagnosing WG but where there are no symptoms or signs then a biopsy is unlikely to help. (bmj.com)
  • It causes symptoms of sneezing, congestion and runny nose, exactly the same as your typical common cold. (greek.doctor)
  • If the infection is of the type that affects the respiratory system, symptoms of bronchitis, such as coughing, may appear. (rainofmind.com)
Carbon dioxide3
  • The respiratory tract is an anatomical structure primarily devoted to breathing and made up of several organs with the function of channeling air from the external environment, rich in oxygen, towards the inner part of the body, eliminating at the same time air "already breathed", which is therefore rich in carbon dioxide. (prodecopharma.com)
  • It is in this anatomical area that gaseous exchanges of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place, which are at the basis of the respiratory process. (prodecopharma.com)
  • Apart from the main, essential respiratory function, the respiratory tract also has another function: maintaining the right balance of acidity in the blood by regulating the quantity of carbon dioxide circulating. (prodecopharma.com)
Bronchi1
  • It does not require general anesthesia, can be introduced through the nose or mouth and allows progress to smaller caliber bronchi. (cun.es)
Airways5
  • The respiratory tract is divided into the upper airways and lower airways. (wikipedia.org)
  • The larynx is sometimes included in both the upper and lower airways. (wikipedia.org)
  • The airways are lined with a ciliated mucosa which carries debris upward to the mouth on a layer of mucous, where it is swallowed. (samedicalgraphics.com)
  • She underwent bronchoscopy- a minimally invasive procedure for inspection of airways in which thin tube with camera at the tip is inserted through nose passing via larynx (voice box),which confirmed purulent secretions in right middle lobe bronchus. (zydushospitals.com)
  • The respiratory airways, which facilitate gas exchange. (medcell.org)
Organs3
  • They are scattered in the epithelial linings of many organs, especially the SMALL INTESTINE and the RESPIRATORY TRACT. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system which help in the exchange of gases. (tiesen.nl)
  • The combined tissues and organs of the upper part of the digestive tract and the respiratory tract are defined as the aerodigestive tract. (nyogmd.com)
Bronchial1
Lungs2
  • The conducting zone is most of the respiratory tract that conducts gases into and out of the lungs but excludes the respiratory zone that exchanges gases. (wikipedia.org)
  • It consists of the nose and lungs, obviously. (rejuv-health.com)
Infection15
  • We therefore analyzed pharmacological/pharmacodynamic effects of isotonic or hypertonic saline, relevant to SARS-CoV-2 infection and respiratory care. (springer.com)
  • Respiratory tract colonization or symptomatic infection and toxic complications occur in a minority of patients with cutaneous diphtheria. (medscape.com)
  • Diphtheria infection has also been observed in the external ear, the eye (usually the palpebral conjunctivae), and the genital mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • Upper respiratory tract infection (URI) represents the most common acute illness evaluated in the outpatient setting. (medscape.com)
  • Some of us cat parents may have heard the phrase feline upper respiratory infection at the vet clinic or from friends and family and it sounds like a mouthful and a little scary. (globalpetfoods.com)
  • Feline upper respiratory infection (URI) is the common term for a respiratory infection caused by one or more viral or bacterial agents within the upper respiratory tract. (globalpetfoods.com)
  • Infection (most frequently with respiratory viruses), vocal overuse, irritants (tobacco smoke). (empendium.com)
  • Chronic inflammation or infection can result in permanent thickening of the mucosa and reactive bone changes. (samedicalgraphics.com)
  • Although the lower respiratory tract may also be affected, some practitioners consider laryngotracheobronchitis a separate entity, with bacterial secondary infection as the potential cause. (medscape.com)
  • Other causes of stridor include infection such as croup, swelling from gastroesophageal reflux (GER) (common in babies), vocal cord weakness, lesion on the vocal cords, scarring of the larynx from intubation (breathing tube), and of inhaled foreign objects. (johnmcclaymd.com)
  • One of the most important causes that lead to infection with respiratory diseases is the spread of viruses and their transmission from a sick person to a healthy person. (rainofmind.com)
  • It is an infection that affects the lining of the nasal wall, and causes congestion, a runny nose and sneezing. (rainofmind.com)
  • Infection with a cold occurs through exposure to sneezing and droplets from the patient's nose or mouth. (rainofmind.com)
  • This inflammation is caused by a viral infection that occurs in the upper respiratory tract. (rainofmind.com)
  • A. blow his or her nose gently to prevent spread of the infection. (lenstapesmed.com)
Secretions3
  • An infected cat will shed the contagious materials in the saliva or secretions from their nose or eyes. (globalpetfoods.com)
  • The respiratory secretions examination excluded possibility of tuberculosis or lung cancer. (zydushospitals.com)
  • However, both the scopies revealed a small but significant finding : pooling of thick secretions around pyriform fossa with swollen mucosa over arytenoids : the parts of larynx. (zydushospitals.com)
Mucous Membrane1
Vocal3
Acute3
  • A recent small study in outpatients with COVID-19 without acute respiratory distress syndrome suggests substantial symptom resolution. (springer.com)
  • Because the vast majority of acute laryngitis is caused by respiratory viruses, no specific treatment is indicated. (empendium.com)
  • Viruses causing acute infectious croup are spread through either direct inhalation from a cough and/or sneeze or by contamination of hands from contact with fomites, with subsequent touching the mucosa of the eyes, nose, and/or mouth. (medscape.com)
Olfactory2
  • In neonates, this area is a dense neural sheet, but, in children and adults, the respiratory and olfactory tissues interdigitate. (medscape.com)
  • In the area of the nose in charge of olfactory perception, the mucosa is very thick and dark, due to the presence of a brown pigment. (prodecopharma.com)
Genital1
  • 3-7 Lesions may affect only the skin or the skin and mucous membranes in the mouth, nose, or genital areas. (uspharmacist.com)
Laryngopharynx2
Structures3
  • Due to compact anatomical structure of neck, including major vascular, upper respiratory, digestive and neurological structure, usually injuries afflict multiple structures. (jcohns.org)
  • These structures of the larynx are called the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds, and the arytenoids. (johnmcclaymd.com)
  • ACL) is a zoonotic disease that affects structures are the nose, pharynx, mouth The study was carried out at the Re- humans as well as different wild and and larynx. (who.int)
Anatomy1
Infections5
  • This disease primarily manifests as respiratory infections that may result in death, but it may also present as mild infections in non-respiratory sites, such as the skin. (cdc.gov)
  • While respiratory diphtheria is now extremely rare, non-respiratory infections caused by toxin-producing bacteria have recently been detected. (cdc.gov)
  • Details of the patient's history aid in differentiating a common cold from conditions that require targeted therapy, such as group A streptococcal pharyngitis , bacterial sinusitis, and lower respiratory tract infections. (medscape.com)
  • The Recovery Room: News beyond the pandemic - January 22, Lower respiratory tract infections: What to know, What to know about respiratory depression. (tiesen.nl)
  • Feline upper respiratory infections can be caused by different viruses and/or bacteria. (globalpetfoods.com)
System12
Cricoid cartilage1
Inhalation2
  • Local effects in the upper respiratory tract were induced after repeated inhalation exposure in experimental animals. (europa.eu)
  • The respiratory tract is anatomically closely connected to the set of thoracic muscles and to the diaphragm, which enable the rib cage to expand during inhalation. (prodecopharma.com)
Lung1
  • For patient education information, see the Lung Disease and Respiratory Health Center, as well as Croup. (medscape.com)
Oesophagus1
Consists2
  • The respiratory membrane consists of the alveolar and capillary walls. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Fibroscopy consists of the introduction of a camera equipped with a light source into various cavities to be explored, especially in the respiratory tract (nose and mucous membranes, and throat). (tibhealth.com)
Diphtheria2
  • Diphtheria organisms usually remain in the superficial layers of skin lesions or respiratory mucosa, inducing local inflammatory reaction. (medscape.com)
  • Cases of laboratory-confirmed, non-toxin-producing C. diphtheriae (respiratory or non-respiratory) should not be reported by state or local health departments to CDC as diphtheria cases. (cdc.gov)
Pharyngeal1
  • Fibroscopy involves a little discomfort because the fiber produces a small friction on the nasal and/or pharyngeal mucosa. (tibhealth.com)
Runny nose1
  • Sinusitis can cause inflammation of the air cavities within the nose and lead to facial pain, headache, and a blocked or runny nose. (tiesen.nl)
Cavities within the nose1
  • Turbinates are ridge-like cavities within the nose that function to filter as well as moisten the air an individual breathes. (nwfacemedical.com)
Saliva1
  • Saliva helps keep the oral mucosa lubricated, and it provides antimicrobial protection. (lecturio.com)
Bronchitis1
  • A bacteriological culture may be performed using a throat swab, expectorated throat sputum, or throat washings the respiratory tract of patients with pharyngitis, croup, bronchitis, or pneumonia. (medscape.com)
Lesions1
  • A flexible or rigid endoscopy under general anesthesia allows a healthcare professional to look at the throat's mucosa lesions and examine swelling in the tissue. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Viral1
  • Croup is a common, primarily pediatric viral respiratory tract illness. (medscape.com)
Cartilage3
Affects2
  • 2 The majority have seasonal allergic rhinitis (16%) while the remainder have perennial allergic rhinitis, chronic infective rhinosinusitis, idiopathic rhinitis or systemic disease that affects the nose. (bmj.com)
  • When something affects the ears, there is a great chance that there is discomfort in the nose and throat. (nwfacemedical.com)
Hemorrhage1
  • To inhibit a hemorrhage of the respiratory tract (hemoptysis) and to determine its origin. (cun.es)
Membranes1
  • Cats will experience inflammation and drainage in the mucous membranes of their nose and throat. (globalpetfoods.com)
Digestive1
  • Moreo- located in the upper and middle Jequit- organism has two evolutional forms ver, respiratory complications often inhonha Valley, according to the Re- during its biological cycle - one found occur, which can lead to the death of gionalization Plan for the Minas Gerais in the digestive tube of the vector insect the patient [1,6]. (who.int)
Alveolar ducts1
  • Each respiratory bronchiole branches into between 2 and 11 alveolar ducts that still contain smooth muscle fibers in their walls. (medcell.org)
Congestion1
  • followed by congestion of the nasal mucosa and the secretion of a watery fluid, then turns into a "purulent" fluid. (rainofmind.com)
Croup1
  • Croup manifests as hoarseness, a seal-like barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and a variable degree of respiratory distress. (medscape.com)