• This study investigated the effects of (-)-epicatechin (Epi) in young male borderline hypertensive rats (BHR) during two weeks of treatment (Epi group, 100 mg/kg/day p.o.) and two weeks post treatment (PE group). (mdpi.com)
  • Each of 60 weanling male rats was assigned to one of 6 experimental diet groups: Fermented and unfermented camel milk with AOM, fermented and unfermented bovine milk with AOM and positive (PC, AOM only) and negative (NC, saline vehicle only) control groups. (scialert.net)
  • Seven to nine-week-old male dTGRs were euthanized, and their kidneys were histopathologically examined. (go.jp)
  • The time courses of urinary sodium excretion, plasma aldosterone concentration and proteinuria were studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with a single dose of either PAN or vehicle. (portlandpress.com)
  • Following 7 days pretreatment with 7-NI (50 mg/kg per day), L-arginine (2 g/kg per day) or vehicle (dimethylsulphoxide : sesame oil, 1 : 9), the left renal vascular pedicles were clamped for 50 min in male Sprague-Dawley rats and kidneys were removed 24 h after reperfusion (n = 7/group). (tum.de)
  • Methods: Male rates were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks to generate obesity, followed by 30 min of kidney ischemia and 24 h reperfusion induced AKI. (aging-us.com)
  • The RMC cell line was derived from the kidney tissue of a 3-month-old male rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) belonging to the Sprague-Dawley strain. (olympus-lifescience.com)
  • Male spontaneously diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats (n=5) at 16 weeks of age were used as an animal model of T2D. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Male adult Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture and divided into the sham, sepsis, and ulinastatin groups. (scienceopen.com)
  • We tested the in vivo effects of D alone (1.2 ml/kg bw/d), but also prior to and during 8 days of R intoxication (at 135 mg/kg bw/d) in a total of 4 groups of 40 adult Sprague-Dawley male rats each. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into control and diabetic groups. (monash.edu)
  • Male rats were exposed to 3D-printer emissions (592g particulate/m(3) air) or filtered air for 4h/day (d), 4days/week and total exposures lengths were 1, 4, 8, 15 or 30days. (cdc.gov)
  • Male and female rats were exposed to WBV at the resonant frequency of the torso (31.5Hz, 0.3 g amplitude) for 4hr/day for 10days. (cdc.gov)
  • Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in groups of 2 adult male albino Sprague-Dawley rats administered para-chlorotoluene by gavage as either a 1.0 or 10% volume/volume solution in corn oil or in undiluted form at dosage levels of 10, 31.6, 100, 316, 1000 or 3160 ul/kg. (epa.gov)
  • Male Sprague-Dawley rats (150 ~ 200 g) were constricted at the left renal artery. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • For male rats (Table 4) bilirubin is reported for 4-6 experimental and 36 control rats, while for females (Table 5) it's reported for 7-8 experimental and 49 control rats. (blogspot.com)
  • Accordingly, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Brown Norway (BN) rats were maintained on either regular (Reg) or high fat (HF) diets for 24wk. (cdc.gov)
  • Time courses and dose responses were determined for serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels, for 5'-DI activity in thyroid gland, liver and kidney, and for 5'-DII activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT). (nih.gov)
  • The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the serum of rats with CRF on liver p450. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Normal rat hepatocytes were incubated for 24 h with serum (concentration of 10%) from rats with CRF and from control animals in order to measure (1). (nih.gov)
  • The protein expression as well as the mRNA levels of CYP2D were similar in hepatocytes incubated with serum from either control or CRF rats. (nih.gov)
  • 0.001) in hepatocytes incubated with serum from rats with CRF. (nih.gov)
  • Serum, kidney, soleus, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle samples were collected at 24 weeks of age. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Western blot was used to quantify the expression of VE-cadherin, LC3II, and inflammatory factors (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) in kidney tissue, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected serum inflammatory factors and kidney function and early kidney injury biomarker levels. (scienceopen.com)
  • The aim of this short report was to describe the histopathological characteristics of the renal changes in this rat strain in detail. (go.jp)
  • Unlike the previous model, the vibration strain and stress of the rat tail does not depend primarily on the vibration response of the tail itself but on that of the loading device. (cdc.gov)
  • 2009. Re-evaluation of kidney histopathology from 13-week toxicology and two-year carcinogenicity studies of melamine in the F344 rat: Morphologic evidence of retrograde nephropathy. (nih.gov)
  • Males showed liver, kidney and epididymal histopathology at 100 mg/kg in P1 and P2 adults. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Over time, breeding the rats for these contests may have produced variations in color, notably the albino and hooded varieties. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genetic analysis of 117 albino rat strains collected from all parts of the world carried out by a team led by Takashi Kuramoto at Kyoto University in 2012 showed that the albinos descended from hooded rats and all the albinos descended from a single ancestor. (wikipedia.org)
  • As there is evidence that the hooded rat was known as the "Japanese rat" in the early 20th century, Kuramoto concluded that one or more Japanese hooded rats might have been brought to Europe or the Americas and an albino rat that emerged as a product of the breeding of these hooded rats was the common ancestor of all the albino laboratory rats in use today. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most are derived from the albino Wistar rat, which is still widely used. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other common strains are the Sprague Dawley, Fischer 344, Holtzman albino strains, Long-Evans, and Lister black hooded rats. (wikipedia.org)
  • An analytical model of the rat-tail exposure system was proposed and used to formulate the methods for quantifying the biodynamic responses. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: Samples from liver, kidney and gill of Rainbow trout were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and studied under light microscopy. (ac.ir)
  • The PBPK rat model by Chan (2006) is helpful and provides a very good description of the processes although these are no species extrapolation and no risk assessment tools applied to this model. (cdc.gov)
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined using 2,7-dichlorodi-hydro fluorescein diacetate (DCFHDA) while Western blotting was used to determine the expression of apoptosis- and RISK signaling pathway-related proteins in kidney tissues. (ajol.info)
  • In this study, we measured hepatic parameters, including various cytochrome P450 enzymes, blood parameters, and locomotor activities in the adult Sprague-Dawley rat after R and/or D treatments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, ENaC mRNA expression, especially αENaC, is increased in the very early phase of the experimental model of PAN-induced nephrotic syndrome in rats, but appears to escape from the regulation by aldosterone after day 3. (portlandpress.com)
  • The renin mRNA levels in the contralateral kidney were almost at their nadir at days 7 and 14 in 2K1C rats. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • This study was conducted to investigate the chemopreventive potential of camel ( Camelus dromedarius ) and bovine milk as well as the impact of fermenting these milks with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus thermophilus against early colon carcinogenesis as measured by the reduction of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in azoxymethane (AOM)-treated Fischer 344 rats. (scialert.net)
  • 97.4% pure) was fed in diet to Fischer 344 rats at 0, 5, 20 or 80 mg/kg/day for 1 2 years. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Laboratory rats or lab rats are strains of the subspecies Rattus norvegicus domestica which are bred and kept for scientific research. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 18th-century Europe, wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) ran rampant and this infestation fueled the industry of rat-catching. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although the kidney functions as the major excretory system in mammals, monitoring and screening for mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity is only now a developmental area in the field of livestock feed toxicology. (frontiersin.org)
  • β 2 -microglobulin (β 2 -MG) and N -acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) are the dominant biomarkers employed routinely in environmental toxicology research, while kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are also emerging as effective markers to identify mycotoxin induced nephropathy. (frontiersin.org)
  • The objective of the present study was to characterize the potential for 2H4MBP to adversely affect any phase of development, maturation, and ability to reproduce in Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) rats administered 2H4MBP in 5K96 feed, a diet low in phytoestrogens, using the National Toxicology Program (NTP) modified one-generation (MOG) study design. (nih.gov)
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess malonaldehyde (MDA) content and inflammatory factors in kidney tissues and peripheral blood, respectively. (ajol.info)
  • Sevoflurane represses the release of inflammatory factors, lowers ROS level and apoptosis of renal cells and improves renal function through activation of RISK signaling pathway in kidney tissues of rats with renal IRI. (ajol.info)
  • Objective: Obesity enhances the frequency and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR). (aging-us.com)
  • To investigate the effect of sevoflurane on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats and its regulatory effect on reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) signaling pathway. (ajol.info)
  • Electron spin resonance results showed an increase in hydroxyl radical formation in liver and kidney tissue from Cr, day 1, as well as Cd & Ni on days 3 and 7, at the highest exposure levels. (cdc.gov)
  • Each exposure cage housed one rat during each session in order to avoid an imbalance of EF induced by housing two or more rats at the same time. (emf-portal.org)
  • We have previously demonstrated that very low levels of Roundup (0.1 ppb in tap water) exert endocrine-disrupting effects, such as sex hormone imbalances and hepatorenal toxicities, in mature rats after chronic exposure [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Physically, the new exposure system was developed by adding a loading device to an existing rat-tail model. (cdc.gov)
  • Rats were euthanized at 7, 12, and 24wk to evaluate local and systemic immune markers corresponding to the baseline, exposure, and recovery phases of the study, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • In BN rats, resolution of immune alterations was further compromised by HF diet, as many exposure-induced alterations in local/systemic immune markers were still evident in HF/WF animals at 24wk. (cdc.gov)
  • Collectively, HF diet appeared to have a greater impact on global immune status and exposure-induced lung injury in SD rats, but a more pronounced effect on inflammation resolution in BN rats. (cdc.gov)
  • These changes were similar to those reported in other hypertension models, such as the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). (go.jp)
  • In Ang II hypertensive rats, plasma renin activity was suppressed, whereas plasma and kidney Ang II levels were increased by 3-fold (348+/-58 versus 119+/-16 fmol/mL) and 2-fold (399+/-39 versus 186+/-26 fmol/g). (duke.edu)
  • Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a known risk factor for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and sarcopenia in older patients. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Profibrotic cytokines and the formation of advanced-glycation end products (AGE) have both been implicated in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis in diabetic kidney disease. (monash.edu)
  • Sprague- Dawley rats were dosed with NiCl2 (0.25. (cdc.gov)
  • GFR was also not different between groups at baseline (dapa 0.98±0.15 mL/min/g kidney weight [kw], vehicle 1.30±0.25 mL/min/g kw, p=0.25). (ed.ac.uk)
  • Liver tissue, kidney tissue, blood and lung lavage fluid were collected and analyzed. (cdc.gov)
  • however, diet appeared to preferentially impact SD rats at this time point, as several inflammatory markers (lymph node cellularity, lung neutrophils) were further elevated in HF over Reg animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Lung, kidney, and brain cancer showed elevation in some studies but were not consistent. (who.int)
  • Kidney - Nephropathy, Obstructive in a female F344/N rat from a chronic study. (nih.gov)
  • In the same study as above, six groups of F344 rats (20 per sex per dose) received MCA (as an acid in deionized water) by gavage at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 or 150 mg/ kg bw per day, 5 days per week, for 13 weeks. (canada.ca)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco extract has more pathological effects on gills in comparison with liver and kidney of Rainbow trout due to direct contact with the dissolved pollutant. (ac.ir)
  • While less commonly used for research than laboratory mice, rats have served as an important animal model for research in psychology and biomedical science. (wikipedia.org)
  • This was the first in a series of developments that have begun to make rats tractable as genetic research subjects, although they still lag behind mice, which lend themselves better to the embryonic stem cell techniques typically used for genetic manipulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many investigators who wish to trace observations on behavior and physiology to underlying genes regard aspects of these in rats as more relevant to humans and easier to observe than in mice, giving impetus to the development of genetic research techniques applicable to rats. (wikipedia.org)
  • the source of TSE infectivity in urine remains unresolved, Two other studies have reported infectivity in urine ( 11 ) these results establish that TSE infectivity is excreted in and infectivity with disease-specifi c prion protein (PrPd) in urine and may thereby play a role in the horizontal transmis- kidneys of mice with simultaneous scrapie and nephritis but sion of natural TSEs. (cdc.gov)
  • The Immortalized Rat Metanephric Mesenchymal Precursor Cells (KMM) is suitable for KSHV infection related studies, such as the growth deregulation mechanisms, as it is able to cause tumor formation. (topsan.org)
  • The human renin-angiotensinogen double transgenic rat (dTGR) is a model of hypertension. (go.jp)
  • The present study was aimed to investigate the role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) in the control of renin release and to examine if NO is implicated in the development of two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) hypertension. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • Neither L-NAME nor L-arginine-supplementation significantly affected the development of hypertension in 2K1C rats. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Ang II accumulation in rat renal endosomes during Ang II-induced hypertension: role of AT(1) receptor. (duke.edu)
  • The hypertension induced by Ang II was prevented in rats treated concurrently with candesartan (2 mg/kg/d, 119+/-3 mm Hg). (duke.edu)
  • Ulinastatin effectively protects the adhesion junction and helps ameliorate the perfusion of kidney capillaries during sepsis by the inhibition of autophagy and the expression of inflammatory factors. (scienceopen.com)
  • Titration of homogenates of kidneys and urinary bladders natural spread of chronic wasting disease in deer and elk. (cdc.gov)
  • Laboratory rats are frequently subject to dissection or microdialysis to study internal effects on organs and the brain, such as for cancer or pharmacological research. (wikipedia.org)
  • Comprehensive analysis of phospholipids in the brain, heart, kidney, and liver: brain phospholipids are least enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids. (oregonstate.edu)
  • The kidneys were taken to examine in vitro release of renin at days 7 and 14 following clipping the renal artery. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • Northern blot analysis was also done to assess the expression of renin gene in the kidney. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • Plasma renin concentration (PRC) measured on day 28 did not significantly differ among the L-NAME, L-arginine and control groups either in 2K1C or in sham-clipped rats. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • Renin contents (RRC) in the clipped kidney were increased, while those in the contralateral kidney were decreased. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • The release of renin in vitro from cortical slices was also enhanced in the clipped kidney, whereas it was attenuated in the contralateral. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • The data also confirm that RRC and renin gene expression are increased in the clipped kidney and suppressed in the contralateral kidney in 2K1C rats. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • The genetics of rats was studied by William Ernest Castle at the Bussey Institute of Harvard University until it closed in 1994. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, TIIA improved renal function, inflammatory factor, and balance of oxidation and antioxidation in obese rats after renal IR. (aging-us.com)
  • Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) pre-treatment was used to alleviate renal injury induced by renal IR, and whether TIIA can attenuate renal cell apoptosis via modulating mitochondrial function through PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway in obese rats was examined. (aging-us.com)
  • TIIA can attenuate renal cell apoptosis via modulating mitochondrial function through PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway in obese rats. (aging-us.com)
  • A 1972 study compared neoplasms in Sprague Dawleys from six different commercial suppliers and found highly significant differences in the incidences of endocrine and mammary tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • We performed a toxicological study to examine these effects using rats treated through I.P. injection. (cdc.gov)
  • This study investigated the activity of the HPA axis in selected markers of glucose handling, and the stress response relative to components of the HPA axis in a diet-induced pre-diabetic rat model. (researchsquare.com)
  • Kidney - Nephropathy, Obstructive in a female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rat from a subchronic study. (nih.gov)
  • In a GLPL study conducted according to OECD Guideline 408 study in rats, the NOAEL was established at 12000 ppm (highest dose tested), equivalent to 744 mg/kg bw/day in males and 752 mg/kg bw/day in females. (europa.eu)
  • In the present study, we examined the effects of the neuronal (n) NOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) and L-arginine administration on renal I/R injury and the renal NO system in rats. (tum.de)
  • The purpose of this study was to establish the role of Abcg2 in nitrofurantoin accumulation in rat milk using N -(4-[2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-isoquinolinyl)ethyl]-phenyl)-9,10-dihydro-5-methoxy-9-oxo-4-acridine carboxamide (GF120918) as a "chemical knockout" equivalent. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Because there may be an interaction between DKD and sarcopenia, the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between urinary levels of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) and sarcopenia using a novel rat model of T2D. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The objective of this study was to develop a new rat-tail vibration model to investigate the combined effects of vibration and contact pressure and to identify their relationships with the biodynamic responses. (cdc.gov)
  • Results of a 13 week safety assurance study with rats fed grain from glyphosate tolerant (Round-Up-Ready) corn. (blogspot.com)
  • Agricultural GM cheerleaders who lobbied aggressively for retraction of Seralini's life-long rat study, made darn sure that Hammond's study which triggered Seralini's study-never ever ever never drew any attention. (blogspot.com)
  • The reproductive function of rats was studied at the Institute for Experimental Biology at the University of California, Berkeley by Herbert McLean Evans and Joseph A. Long. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sprague Dawley Rats were randomly divided into non-prediabetic group (NPD) and pre-diabetic group (PD) (n=6, per group) over a 20-week induction period and a further 12-week experimental period to get 32 weeks. (researchsquare.com)
  • Number of experimental animals (N) in Tables should be 20 because there were 20 rats/sex/group. (blogspot.com)
  • GF120918 is particularly useful as a rat chemical knockout model to establish ABCG2's role in drug transfer into milk during breastfeeding. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The rat model of cervical syndrome with qi deficiency, blood stasis and kidney deficiency was established by combining disease and syndrome models. (jcimjournal.com)
  • We observed the effect of ulinastatin in a septic rat model using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to evaluate the perfusion of the renal cortex and medulla. (scienceopen.com)
  • A series of tests with six tails dissected from rat cadavers were conducted to test and evaluate the new model. (cdc.gov)
  • The goal of this experiment was to examine the effects of WBV on reproductive physiology in a rat model. (cdc.gov)
  • A total of thirty (30) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, model and sevoflurane groups with 10 animals per group. (ajol.info)
  • Kidney tissue demonstrated immediate damage from Cr and then showed recovery, while Cd and Ni showed effects at day 7, at the highest concentration. (cdc.gov)
  • Nitrofurantoin active transport into rat milk can be inhibited by GF120918 resulting in a 10-fold lower M/S. Although GF120918 inhibits both Abcg2 and P-gp, the high expression of Abcg2 and the absence of detectable P-gp expression in lactating mammary gland validate an important role for Abcg2 in nitrofurantoin accumulation in rat milk. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Neither 7-NI nor L-arginine had any effect on parameters of renal function, the grade of tissue injury or the number of terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labelling (TUNEL)-positive tubular cells compared with vehicle-treated rats. (tum.de)
  • Effects of a 50 Hz electric field on plasma lipid peroxide level and antioxidant activity in rats med. (emf-portal.org)
  • Proliferative and non-proliferative lesions in the rat and mouse urinary system. (nih.gov)
  • Increased urinary L-FABP levels, focal glomerular sclerosis, moderate interstitial inflammation and fibrosis, and accumulation of renal oxidative proteins were significantly observed in the SDT fatty rats, compared to the SD rats. (elsevierpure.com)
  • 1990] Embryofetal effects of pentamidine isethionate administered to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. (cdc.gov)
  • At 7wk, HF-fed animals exhibited several immune alterations (blood leukocyte/neutrophil number, lymph node B-cell proportionality)-effects which were more pronounced in SD rats. (cdc.gov)
  • Increased permeability of the renal capillaries is a common consequence of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. (scienceopen.com)
  • Acute Oral Dose Range-rats with Cover Letter Dated 06/25/1987. (epa.gov)
  • Several kidney biomarkers are used successfully in drug development, however cost-efficient, and reliable kidney biomarkers are urgently needed for monitoring farm animals for early signs of kidney disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • At the time of sacrifice, the average systolic blood pressure of the dTGRs was 258 mmHg, while that of age-matched, normal Sprague-Dawley rats was 135 mmHg. (go.jp)
  • In the kidney, histopathological changes were observed mainly in blood vessels, tubules and glomeruli. (go.jp)
  • To explore the mechanism of Yiqi Huayu Bushen Recipe (YHBR), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in treating cervical syndrome (CS) with qi deficiency, blood stasis and kidney deficiency in rats. (jcimjournal.com)
  • YHBR may improve the condition of cervical syndrome with qi deficiency, blood stasis and kidney deficiency by regulating immune system, coagulation system and endocrine system, and delay the degeneration of cervical intervertebral disc by regulating extracellular matrix and metalloproteases in intervertebral disc. (jcimjournal.com)
  • In sham-clipped rats, L-NAME caused a sustained increase of the blood pressure, whereas L-arginine was without effect. (kyobobook.co.kr)
  • Sprague Dawley rats (350-450 g) were terminally anaesthetised (50 mg/kg thiopental ip) and injected with 1 mg/kg iv of SGLT2i, dapagliflozin (dapa, n=8), or 2% DMSO vehicle (n=8). (ed.ac.uk)
  • Gross necropsy revealed congestion of the lungs, kidneys and adrenals and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract in the decedents. (epa.gov)
  • The first rat colony in America used for nutrition research was started in January 1908 by Elmer McCollum and then, nutritive requirements of rats were used by Thomas Burr Osborne and Lafayette Mendel to determine the details of protein nutrition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Candesartan treatment (n=8) also prevented increases in kidney (215+/-19 fmol/g), endosomal (96+/-29 fmol/mg protein), and intermicrovillar cleft Ang II levels (11+/-2 fmol/mg protein). (duke.edu)
  • More recent at- ry or other pathologic changes except for occasional depos- tempts in which urine from infected hamsters was injected its of disease-associated prion protein in kidneys. (cdc.gov)
  • Aspergillus -derived mycotoxins, including aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, and fumonisins (members of the fusariotoxin group) can cause pathological damage to vital organs, including the kidney or liver. (frontiersin.org)
  • there were ten rats in each group. (jcimjournal.com)
  • After one-month YHBR treatment in YHBR group, all rats were sacrificed. (jcimjournal.com)
  • Interim evaluations were done on five rats per dose group after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. (canada.ca)
  • Mortality was observed in both rats in the 3160 ul/kg dose group (100% solution) and the LD50 was estimated to be 1780 ul/kg. (epa.gov)
  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition does not alter the pressure natriuretic response in Sprague Dawley rats. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Our objective was to induce pressure natriuresis in rats and measure sodium excretion during challenge with an SGLT2i. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition does not alter the pressure natriuretic response in Sprague Dawley rats. (ed.ac.uk)
  • At termination, all rats were euthanized, colons were harvested and the ACF counts were determined for all tested groups. (scialert.net)
  • Each rat in five groups (n = 5) was individually treated with an EF or a sham EF for 1 day or 7 days, or was not treated for 7 days. (emf-portal.org)
  • Urine samples were obtained from the rats, and muscle strength was evaluated with the use of the forelimb grip test at 16, 20, and 24 weeks of age. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Nitrofurantoin was infused (0.5 mg/h) in the absence and presence of GF120918 (10 mg/kg in dimethyl sulfoxide) to Sprague-Dawley lactating female rats using a balanced crossover design. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The relative amounts of αENaC, βENaC and γENaC mRNAs were determined in kidneys from these rats by real-time quantitative TaqMan PCR, and the amounts of proteins by Western blot. (portlandpress.com)
  • of Rodentia) in many ways: they are calmer and significantly less likely to bite, they can tolerate greater crowding, they breed earlier and produce more offspring, and their brains, livers, kidneys, adrenal glands, and hearts are smaller. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results suggest that altered 5'-DI or 5'-DII activities do not significantly influence the circulating levels of T4 or T3 in TCDD-treated rats. (nih.gov)
  • Muscle weight, muscle strength, cross-sectional areas of both type I and type IIb muscle fibers, and increasing rate of muscle strength were significantly decreased in the SDT fatty rats compared to the SD rats at 24 weeks. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Thyroid and kidney 5'-DI activities as well as circulating T3 levels were not affected. (nih.gov)
  • 0.05) (48.4-62.1%) in the total ACF count were observed in the colons of the rats fed all milk diets compared with rats fed on PC. (scialert.net)
  • Diabetes was induced in 24 rats by streptozotocin. (monash.edu)
  • So results are reported for (4 to 6 + 36) + (7 to 8 + 49) = 96 to 99 rats. (blogspot.com)