Junctional intercellular intercellular junctions. Medical search. Frequent questions

Genetic deletion of Dnmt3a in intestinal epithelial cells ( Dnmt3a ΔIEC ) in mice confirms the phenotype of an altered epithelial ultrastructure with shortened apical-junctional complexes, reduced Goblet cell numbers and increased intestinal permeability in the colon in vivo. (nature.com)
De novo formation of an adherens junction (AJ) between single epithelial cells requires coordinated, spatial actin dynamics, but the mechanisms steering nascent actin polymerization for cell-cell adhesion initiation are not well understood. (rupress.org)
It consists of a continuous monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells connected by intercellular junctional complexes which shrink the space between adjacent cells. (mdpi.com)
Located at the apical-lateral surface of adjacent epithelial cells, junctional complexes are sites of membrane sealing (zonula occludens) and cell attachment (zonula adherens, desmosomes). (digitalhistology.org)
Adherens junctions are a ubiquitous type of intercellular junction and are present in both epithelial and non-epithelial cells [ 3 , 6 ], whereas desmosomes are adhesive junctions that confer tensile strength and resilience on cells and are present not only in epithelial cells but also in non-epithelial cells that endure mechanical stress, such as cardiac muscle and meninges [ 7 . (oncotarget.com)
This protein is a small immunoglobulin which is located at tight junctions in the endothelium and in epithelial cells. (ehu.eus)
Transforming growth factor and intercellular communication in tubular epithelial cells: a role in diabetic nephropathy. (lincoln.ac.uk)
This study examines a role for glucose-evoked changes in the beta1 isoform of the pro-fibrotic cytokine transforming growth factor (TGFβ1), on connexin expression, gap-junction mediated intercellular communication and hemi-channel mediated ATP release from epithelial cells of the proximal tubule. (lincoln.ac.uk)
Conclusions: The current study suggests that acute 48hr application of the pro-fibrotic cytokine reduces connexin-mediated intercellular communication in proximal tubular epithelial cells in favour of hemi-channel mediated ATP release. (lincoln.ac.uk)

The structural integrity of these tissues requires extensive cell-cell adhesion and interactions mediated by the adhesive junctional complexes consisting of the adherens junctions and desmosomes [ 2 - 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Cadmium caused the formation of gaps within the specialized junctional complexes, and injury to enterocytes results in the breakdown of the intercellular attachments and the sloughing of the injured cells into the intestinal lumen. (pjoes.com)
Cardiac muscle fibers consist of highly aligned cardiomyocytes containing myofibrils oriented parallel to the fiber axis, and successive cardiomyocytes are interconnected at their ends through specialized junctional complexes (intercalated disks). (gladstone.org)
Dual interaction of JAM-C with JAM-B and alpha(M)beta2 integrin: function in junctional complexes and leukocyte adhesion. (taconic.com)
Short-term treatment with flutamide applied to adult rats exerts its primary effect on the basal ES, coexisting junctional complexes and their constituent proteins Cx43 and ZO-1, without any apparent morphological alterations in the seminiferous epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)
its structural components include not only tight junctions (TJs), but also gap junctions (GJs) and atypical adherens junctional complexes - ectoplasmic specialization (ES) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

There have been three types of gap junctional proteins (connexins) identified in the mammalian lens: Cx43, Cx46, Cx50. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
One of the current areas of interest in the field of eye research is to understand how these gap junctional proteins contribute to lens homeostasis and how cataracts arise. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
It has been recently shown that mutations of lens gap junction proteins are associated with certain forms of inherited congenital cataract. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
One of the major aims of Dr. Ebihara's research project are to obtain a more detailed understanding of the biophysical properties of cloned lens gap junctional proteins and to localize the molecular determinants of permeability and gating of the gap junctional channels. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
For example, electrical conduction was thought to travel through proteins called gap junctions, and if gap junctions uncoupled, conduction would decrease, and presumably so would excitability. (vt.edu)
We use cell models and genetically engineered animal models to examine the role of gap junction proteins, or connexins, in bone adaptation to mechanical load. (bestlabvcu.org)
Furthermore, we propose that differential lipid raft affinity of intercellular junction proteins is a central driving force in the organization of the epithelial apical junctional complex. (emory.edu)
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a biologically active lipid, induces a myriad of cellular events including enhancement of the endothelial barrier and assembly of adherens junction proteins, VE-cadherin and catenins. (wvu.edu)
Proof that the difference junction proteins connexin-43 may be the ATP-induced pore of mouse macrophages. (acancerjourney.info)

This cellular response to arsenic (7440382), mercury (7439976), and lead (7439921), the inhibition of junction mediated intercellular communication, has not been previously reported. (cdc.gov)

PECAM-1-PECAM-1 homophilic interactions mediated by N-terminal Ig domain 1 are required for border localization, and contribute importantly to steady-state endothelial cell barrier stability and to recovery of endothelial cell junctional integrity, both in vitro and in vivo, following inflammatory or hemostatic challenge. (versiti.org)
Evidence is discussed indicating that JAM takes part in the organization of tight junctions and modulates leukocyte extravasation through endothelial intercellular junctions in vitro and in vivo. (ehu.eus)

Cloning of JAM-2 and JAM-3: an emerging junctional adhesion molecular family? (taconic.com)

Formed by occludens, junctional adhesion molecules(JAMs) and claudins. (vivekkarn.com.np)
Lysosomal patterning and junctional adhesion molecule A (Jam-a) localization and abundance were analyzed by immunofluorescence. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, E64d caused lysosomal accumulation of Jam-a, a tight junction component facilitating epithelial cell-cell adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)
Junctional adhesion molecule C (JAM-C) dimerization aids cancer cell migration and metastasis. (crcm-marseille.fr)
Junctional Adhesion Molecule C (JAM-C) localizes at intercellular junctions as homodimers or more affine heterodimers with JAM-B. We previously showed that the homodimerization site (E66) in JAM-C is also involved in JAM-B binding. (crcm-marseille.fr)
Plakoglobin is a component of both the adherens junctions and desmosomes, and therefore plays a vital role in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion. (oncotarget.com)
Novel distribution of junctional adhesion molecule-C in the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium. (taconic.com)
In the second part of the review we consider another protein more recently discovered by us and called junctional adhesion molecule (JAM). (ehu.eus)

8 ]. Both adherens junctions and desmosomes are cadherin based. (oncotarget.com)
It is endothelial cell specific and plays a major role in the organization of adherens junctions. (ehu.eus)

Cx43 (E2) antibody, an antibody which particularly blocks Cx43 hemichannel activity however, not difference junctions completely obstructed dye uptake induced by H2O2 and additional exacerbated H2O2-induced osteocytic cell loss of life. (ppbhg.org)
Latest reports have got implicated the function of hemichannels and difference junctions in regulating susceptibility of cells to OS-induced cell loss of life. (ppbhg.org)
1995 ). Even so these observations demonstrate conclusively that difference junctions give a fundamental regulatory mechanism controlling gene expression in tissues whose specialized function requires the synchronization of multicellular activity. (acancerjourney.info)

The recruitment of Merlin to cell junctions is vital for its tumor suppressive function as patient-derived mutations that impair Merlin junctional localization render the protein inactive (Deguen et al. (hiv-proteases.com)
Patterned cardiomyocytes displayed a striking, bipolar localization of the junction molecules N-cadherin and connexin43 that ultrastructurally resembled intercalated disks. (gladstone.org)
All three protocols caused a reduction in the immunofluorescent localization of VE-cadherin at intercellular junctions, the separation of adjacent cells, and a decrease in basal, endothelial electrical resistance. (wvu.edu)
Junctional localization of VE-cadherin, however, was associated with the sustained activity of S1P. (wvu.edu)
Based on the previous observation that S1P increases the localization of junctional VE-cadherin as early as 10 min, I determined in the second study what cellular mechanisms contributed to this increase. (wvu.edu)

SHE78-7 exposure increased epithelial permeability to mannitol, inulin, and 9.5 kDa and 77 kDa dextrans and caused fragmentation and loss of the tight junction protein, ZO-1, from the cell borders in some areas. (ox.ac.uk)
The molecular organization of endothelial junctions and their functional role in vascular morphogenesis and permeability. (ehu.eus)
Thus altering space junctional permeability by manipulating the expression of Cx43 and Cx45 in osteoblastic cells alters transcriptional activity of osteoblast-specific promoters presumably via modulation of signals that can diffuse from cell to cell. (acancerjourney.info)

PECAM-1 is also highly expressed at endothelial cell intercellular junctions, where it functions as a mechanosensor, as a regulator of leukocyte trafficking, and in the maintenance of endothelial cell junctional integrity. (versiti.org)
Leukocyte transendothelial migration: a junctional affair. (taconic.com)

Aasen T (2015) Connexins: junctional and non-junctional modulators of proliferation. (edu.pl)

2010 As cells reach Lactacystin confluency Merlin is definitely recruited to cell junctions where it coordinates the establishment of intercellular contacts with the concomitant inhibition of cell proliferation. (hiv-proteases.com)
Andrysik Z, Prochazkova J, Kabatkova M, Umannova L, Simeckova P, Kohoutek J, Kozubik A, Machala M, Vondracek J (2013) Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated disruption of contact inhibition is associated with connexin43 downregulation and inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication. (edu.pl)

Cellular structures known to be dependent on raft dynamics include the post-synaptic density in neurons, the immunological synapse, and intercellular junctions, including desmosomes. (emory.edu)

I conclude that S1P rapidly closes intercellular gaps, resulting in an increased electrical resistance across endothelial cell monolayers, via cell spreading and Rho kinase and independently of VE-cadherin. (wvu.edu)
We review here our work on the molecular and functional organization of endothelial cell-to-cell junctions. (ehu.eus)

The adherent junction-associated actin bundle was partly retracted into the apical cytoplasm. (nih.gov)
At the adherens junction in epithelia, the C-terminal domain of E-cadherin interacts, in a mutually exclusive manner, with β-catenin or γ-catenin (plakoglobin), which then interacts with α-catenin, an actin-binding protein. (oncotarget.com)

As opposed to the result of hemichannels, Cx43 difference junction stations conferred security to individual retinal pigment epithelial cell series against the basal fluorescence. (ppbhg.org)
Western blot analysis showed that connexin 43 (Cx43), which is the major functional protein of gap junction, is present in multiphosphorylated forms: a nonphosphorylated form (P0) and phosphorylated forms (P1, P2, and P3). (elsevierpure.com)
Particular emphasis was placed on the basal ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in the seminiferous epithelium and expression of gap junction protein, connexin 43 (Cx43). (biomedcentral.com)

It is highly dependent on intercellular communication for volume regulation and metabolic homeostasis. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
Effects of SV40 transformation on intercellular gap junctional communication in human fibroblasts. (ox.ac.uk)
The effect of SV40 viral transformation of human fibroblasts on intercellular gap junctional communication (IJC) was investigated using a short-term quantitative assay. (ox.ac.uk)
This study examined whether certain metal compounds could alter junctional communication. (cdc.gov)
We are especially interested in the role of gap junctional intercellular communication in this process. (bestlabvcu.org)
We examined the effect of a high glucose level on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) using the fluorescent dye transfer method. (elsevierpure.com)
and direct cell-cell contacts, including gap junctional intercellular communication. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity of other less specific osteoblast promoters such as osteopontin and osteonectin was less sensitive to changes in space junctional communication. (acancerjourney.info)
Coordination of gene Tubastatin A HCl expression Tubastatin A HCl during osteoblast differentiation and bone remodeling represents an excellent model with which to test this novel physiological role of space junctional intercellular communication. (acancerjourney.info)

Dye transfer assay demonstrated that H2O2 decreased the difference junction intercellular conversation (GJIC). (ppbhg.org)

Regarding the passive conductive properties of the cardiac muscle, because of its syncytial nature (arising from multiple low resistance intercellular junctions) the intracellular and interstitial space can be regarded as continua though coupled at all points through the cell membrane. (duke.edu)
Junctions between cells of the intestinal epithelium were disturbed, and a present of intracellular plaques associated with the adhering and occluding junctions was observed. (pjoes.com)

Ai XL, Chi Q, Qiu Y, Li HY, Li DJ, Wang JX, Wang ZY (2017) Gap junction protein connexin43 deregulation contributes to bladder carcinogenesis via targeting MAPK pathway. (edu.pl)
Benassi MS, Picci P, Krenacs T (2015) Prognostic impact of reduced connexin43 expression and gap junction coupling of neoplastic stromal cells in giant cell tumor of bone. (edu.pl)

JAM-C mutants did not bind to JAM-B or localize correctly to junctions. (crcm-marseille.fr)

The three parts of the junctional complex are only visible with the electron microscope. (digitalhistology.org)

Cell culture studies of cardiac myofibrils and intercalated disks are complicated by the fact that cardiomyocytes become extremely flattened and exhibit disorganized myofibrils and diffuse intercellular junctions with neighboring cells. (gladstone.org)

Ablation of DNMT3A in Caco-2 cells results in global DNA hypomethylation, which is linked to impaired regenerative capacity, transepithelial resistance and intercellular junction formation. (nature.com)
Ca2+ in the apical and basal media was selectively removed by ethylene glycol-bis(beta-amino-ethyl ether)N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), and the effect on occluding junction integrity was estimated by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (RTE) and the transepithelial flux (FTE) of 125I-, [3H]inulin and 125I-thyroglobulin. (nih.gov)

However, loss of functional gap junctions is not always associated with slowed conduction. (vt.edu)
Maintenance of the epithelial barrier in a bronchial epithelial cell line is dependent on functional E-cadherin local to the tight junctions. (ox.ac.uk)

Physiological junction between two neurons. (vivekkarn.com.np)

Imaging with phase-contrast and differential interferencecontrast (DIC) optics revealed that S1P induced cell spreading and closure of intercellular gaps. (wvu.edu)

It is concluded that the thyroid occluding barrier depends on extracellular Ca2+ present only at the basal side of the occluding junction. (nih.gov)
A zonula occludens, or tight junction, encircles the cell apex, providing a barrier between the lumen and the intercellular space. (digitalhistology.org)
Present study was designed to establish a causal connection between changes in the cell-cell junction protein expression at the blood-testis barrier and alterations in the adult rat testis histology following an anti-androgen flutamide exposure. (biomedcentral.com)

Berthoud VM and Beyer EC (2009) Oxidative stress, lens gap junctions, and cataracts. (edu.pl)

While working with the embryos of frogs, Warner observed "electrical coupling" between adjacent cells, meaning that an induced change in the resting voltage of one cell resulted in a corresponding change in an adjacent cell, which demonstrated the fact that junctions between the cells are responsible for transporting ions from one location to the next. (wikipedia.org)

Altering the intercellular separation within these nanodomains can preserve conduction even as gap junctional coupling is reduced. (vt.edu)

Vascular endothelial junction-associated molecule, a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is localized to intercellular boundaries of endothelial cells. (taconic.com)

For the last 20 years before Warner began her research on gap junctions, embryologists had been working hard to prove that gap junctions were the means through which cells communicated and associated into tissues during embryological development. (wikipedia.org)
After injecting the embryos with a specific antibody, which was said to have blocked the channels of gap junctions, Warner confirmed the blockage of the channels by injecting dyes into the cells in addition to confirming the lack of electrical coupling that she observed in earlier experiments. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, Warner was the scientist responsible for confirming the crucial role of gap junction in the successful and normal development of cells from embryos to mature organisms. (wikipedia.org)
After total Ca2+ depletion, more severe alterations were found, i.e., contraction of cells and marked dilation of intercellular clefts. (nih.gov)
Taken together with the TER measurements, these data suggest compartmentalization of E-cadherin function within 16HBE14o-cells, with only the apical E-cadherin adjacent to the tight junctions contributing to the function of the latter. (ox.ac.uk)
The general role of tight junctions in endothelial cells is also discussed. (ehu.eus)
As shown by examination of semi-thin and ultrathin sections, cell surface occupied by the basal ES connecting neighboring Sertoli cells and the number of gap and tight junctions coexisting with the basal ES were apparently reduced in flutamide-treated rats. (biomedcentral.com)
Bone-forming cells are organized within a multicellular network interconnected by gap junctions. (acancerjourney.info)
Whole cell paired-patch electrophysiology assessed junctional conductance between TGFβ1 treated HK2 cells. (lincoln.ac.uk)

We have examined one-dimensional models to date and pointed out the important role of the modified bidomain model which includes the junctional resistance. (duke.edu)
Bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of recycling, and microtubule inhibitors, taxol and colchicine, blocked the increase in junctional VE-cadherin and the sustained increase in endothelial electrical resistance induced by S1P, the latter using the Ca2+-switch protocol. (wvu.edu)

Paracrine signaling, exchange of mechanical stimuli and intercellular transfer of small metabolites via connexin-built gap junctional channels are involved in the cellular stress detection and propagation of stress stimuli in multicellular networks. (edu.pl)

Studying the consequences of the disruption of the cis-interface, we show that it is not essential for adherens junction formation. (northwestern.edu)
Its disruption, however, increased the mobility of junctional E-cadherin. (northwestern.edu)

They form cis-interactions whose role could be essential to stabilize intercellular junctions by shifting cadherin clusters from a fluid to an ordered phase. (northwestern.edu)

In short, ephaptic conduction can occur in a gap junction adjacent extracellular space rich in sodium channels necessary for conduction. (vt.edu)

Removal of basal Ca2+e caused a focal dissociation of the adherens junction, which was most pronounced at the three-cell corners, leaving a slight dilation of the apical-most portion of the intercellular cleft. (nih.gov)
Readdition of Ca2+ to cultures depleted of basal Ca2+e for 10 min normalized RTE, FTE, and junctional morphology within 30 to 60 min. (nih.gov)

Gap junction is thought to have a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. (elsevierpure.com)

Warner was a participant and leader in a wide variety of research projects, and is best known for her work into the role of gap junctions in embryological development, which she began to pursue during the late 1970s following her research at the National Institute for Medical Research. (wikipedia.org)
Increasing gap junctional coupling: a tool for dissecting the role of gap junctions. (ku.dk)

A junctional complex consists of three components. (digitalhistology.org)

At the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) , the retrograde BMP pathway is part of the machinery that controls NMJ expansion concurrent with larval growth. (sdbonline.org)

Anatomy30

Organisms5

Chemicals and Drugs36

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Phenomena and Processes23

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Epithelial cells9

Complexes6

Proteins9

Mediated intercellular communication1

Vitro and in vivo2

Emerging junctional adhesion1

Adhesion8

Adherens junctions2

Difference junctions3

Localization5

Permeability3

Leukocyte2

Connexins1

Inhibition2

Desmosomes1

Endothelial cell2

Actin2

Cx433

Communication9

GJIC1

Intracellular2

Connexin432

Localize1

Electron1

Diffuse1

Transepithelial2

Functional2

Physiological1

Gaps1

Barrier3

Lens gap1

Adjacent cells1

Separation1

Vascular1

Cells9

Resistance2

Mechanical1

Disruption2

Interactions1

Extracellular1

Basal2

Maintaining tissue1

Role of gap2

Consists1

Pathway1