Ions. Medical search. Frequent questions

Jan. 5, 2023 Lithium is expensive and limited, necessitating the development of efficient energy storage systems beyond lithium-ion batteries. (sciencedaily.com)

The jelly is made by dissolving gelatine in an ionic liquid - a solution made up entirely of negatively and positively charged ions. (newscientist.com)

Y2O3 nanocrystals doped with Nd3+ ions were investigated, the Nd3+ ions being candidate for a readout ion that could potentially be used to probe the state of co-doped qubit ions in a non-destructive measurement. (lu.se)

Here is a list of 29 polyatomic ions, showing the names and symbols for each. (dummies.com)
The following list shows names and symbols for some important polyatomic ions. (dummies.com)

In the presence of lipid molecules, the hybrid ion channel formed a crystalline lattice that enabled MacKinnon and his team to describe the structure with unprecedented atomic detail. (sciencedaily.com)
Within the crystals, the lipid molecules organized themselves around the several ion channel proteins, forming a lipid bilayer that mimicked the channel's natural environment. (sciencedaily.com)
VSFS allowed quantifying the surface charge, type of cation binding, and structural changes in the interfacial water molecules upon changes of the ion identity, concentration, and pH. (kth.se)

Sample holder including parts of the single readout ion microscope. (lu.se)

Mary Beth Ruskai "Absence of discrete spectrum in highly negative ions," Communications in Mathematical Physics, Comm. (projecteuclid.org)

Depolarization also triggers less rapid opening of the potassium channels, which permits outflow of potassium ions (K + ), thus acting to restore the membrane potential to its resting state. (encyclopedia.com)
Four years ago the first ever structure of a voltage-dependent potassium ion channel -- a protein that controls the flow of potassium ions across nerve cell membranes and opens and closes in response to changes in cell membrane voltage was published. (sciencedaily.com)
Four years ago, Roderick MacKinnon, head of the Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics at Rockefeller University, together with several members of his lab, published the first ever structure of a voltage-dependent potassium ion channel - a protein that controls the flow of potassium ions across nerve cell membranes and opens and closes in response to changes in cell membrane voltage. (sciencedaily.com)

The studies also focused on understanding the remarkable effect of negatively charged co-ions (Cl - , Br - , I - , SCN - ) on the cation-carboxylate interactions. (kth.se)

The researchers are currently experimenting with different "flavours" of ion jelly, made using different ionic liquids, and say it should be possible to match the performance of existing, less stable, electrolytes. (newscientist.com)
Depending on the voltage polarity, these electrolytes accept or donate oxygen, acting as ion reservoirs. (nature.com)

An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge. (medlineplus.gov)

In chemistry, a boranylium ion is an inorganic cation with the chemical formula BR+ 2, where R represents a non-specific substituent. (wikipedia.org)
The precise IC method was used for the analysis of azide ions in Irbesartan to demonstrate its applicability in the determination of trace amounts of inorganic impurities in pharmaceuticals. (news-medical.net)
Based on the theory laid out, models of aqueous salt solutions are developed, where special focus is devoted to inorganic ions commonly found in nature. (lu.se)

Leading the way are two companies, A123Systems of Watertown, MA, and Valence Technology of Austin, Texas, which have designed lithium-ion batteries that avoid the traditional positive electrode materials used in most laptops and cell phones today. (technologyreview.com)
One disadvantage of this kind of ionization is the wide band of energies attained by the ions, ranging from the maximum electrode potential to almost zero. (britannica.com)
A satisfactory electrode arrangement enables the production of a beam of ions much more nearly homogeneous in energy than with the arc, greatly simplifying the ensuing analyzing method. (britannica.com)
Here we report that disordered rock salt 4 , 5 Li 3+ x V 2 O 5 can be used as a fast-charging anode that can reversibly cycle two lithium ions at an average voltage of about 0.6 volts versus a Li/Li + reference electrode. (nature.com)
The Ammonium Ion-Selective Electrode (ISE) can be used to measure the concentration of Ammonium (NH 4 + ) in aqueous samples. (vernier.com)

Finally, a theoretical framework for the transport and concentration of ions in cartilage starting from a non-equilibrium situation is developed. (lu.se)
If the etiology of metabolic alkalosis is not clear from the clinical history and physical examination, including drug use and the presence of hypertension, then a urine chloride ion concentration can be obtained. (medscape.com)
Measurement of urine sodium ion concentration is used in many conditions to determine volume status, especially in patients with oliguria. (medscape.com)

Use the Ammonium ISE to measure levels of ammonium ions introduced from fertilizers. (vernier.com)

They served well for gases and liquids introduced as vapours and for many solids as well, because these could be transformed into gaseous atoms and incorporated into the plasma through impact by the ions, a process called sputtering . (britannica.com)
Its ion symbol, Hg22+, shows that two mercury atoms are bonded together. (dummies.com)
There are several other ways ways to define radius for atoms and ions. (webelements.com)

Ions with a positive charge are called cations. (medlineplus.gov)

ions) are phosphate and bicarbonate. (medfriendly.com)

Another reason is the wide inhomogeneous line broadening (∼ GHz), compared to the narrow homogeneous linewidth of individual ions (∼ kHz), which gives rise to a large number of spectrally separated ions that can, in principle, be individually addressed. (lu.se)

The Ion Range Benchmark model simulates the passage of energetic protons through silicon with both ionization losses and nuclear scattering. (comsol.com)
The average path length of the protons is compared to published values of the ion range under the continuous slowing down approximation (CSDA) as well as the projected range in the initial direction of motion. (comsol.com)
Protons have a higher charge to mass ratio and will be accelerated quicker than heavy ions. (lu.se)
It is only sensitive to protons and heavy ions (and neutrons). (lu.se)

Synthetic methods for preparing borenium ions include halide abstraction, nucleophilic dissociation, and protic addition to aminoboranes. (wikipedia.org)
Although sodium-ion batteries-which are similar in design to their lithium-ion counterparts and can be made using similar methods-"can't provide the type of range for electric vehicles offered by lithium-ion batteries … they do present some unique advantages. (nam.org)

In the experiments, a molecular ion is trapped alongside an atomic ion in a linear radio-frequency (rf) Paul trap. (nist.gov)
Historically this was the first way of producing a beam of ions and came quite naturally out of the 19th-century experiments for observing the passage of electricity in gases at low pressure . (britannica.com)
Recently, it has been shown that high-energy heavy-ion collisions at RHlC and the LHC can complement low-energy experiments. (lu.se)

This finding will contribute to advancing the commercialization of sodium ion batteries (SIBs) and reducing the production cost of any electronic products with batteries. (sciencedaily.com)
Professor Lee expressed his hope for "the production of next-generation, high-performance sodium ion batteries. (sciencedaily.com)
Technology to develop sodium-ion batteries on a large scale "is now getting a second look" thanks to continued global electrification and investment in renewables, according to CNBC . (nam.org)
In conjunction with lithium-ion batteries and other renewable tech, sodium-ion batteries could prove a critical component of a feasible all-of-the-above approach to energy . (nam.org)

The 2022 Molecular Physiology volume of Current Opinion in Insect Science offers an overview of transition- metal ion ( iron , copper , manganese , and zinc ) biology and nonessential heavy metal ion ( cadmium , lead , and methylmercury) toxicology in the model organism Drosophila melanogaster and in other insect species. (bvsalud.org)

Knowing how the lipids organized themselves around the ion channel, the researchers were then able to demonstrate how positively charged amino acids within the voltage sensor's paddle remained stable despite the potentially destabilizing forces surrounding them. (sciencedaily.com)
The findings demonstrate that the physical-chemical properties of the interfacial layers reflect a subtle balance between molecular and electrostatic competitive interactions, providing new experimental quantitative insights for testing the suitability of extended new theories on charged interfaces and ion specific interactions. (kth.se)

It is currently believed that specific molecular interactions between ions and the various chemical functional groups, including the disruption of the interfacial water structure, are the key underlying steps. (kth.se)
Essentially all chemical processes and reactions occurring in the environment take place in the presence of ions. (lu.se)
Ions are also directly involved in chemical reactions affecting the climate such as ozone depletion. (lu.se)

Two pairs of Raman beams derived from a CW and a pulsed laser (an optical frequency comb) are used to address molecular transitions and transduce quantum information from the molecule to a shared motional mode between the molecular and atomic ions and further to the atomic ion, on which it can be read out by state dependent fluorescence. (nist.gov)
Laser beams addressing Ca + enable cooling and quantum operations to extract information about the molecule via the shared motion and the state of the atomic ion from the shared motional mode between the two ions. (nist.gov)
The pulses from two beams derived from the OFC collide at the molecular ion to create beat notes equally spaced by the pulse repetition rate in frequency space and thus can be used to drive a wide range of transitions covered by the spectral extent of the OFC. (nist.gov)
New applications and new developments have gone hand in hand to create a complex array of instruments, but all may be understood by tracing the ions through three basic elements: an ion source, a method of analyzing the ion beams according to their mass-to-charge ratio, and detectors capable of measuring or recording the currents of the beams. (britannica.com)
The accelerating electro-static field will be directed along the rear surface normal, which explains why ion beams are observed in this direction, also when the laser is obliquely incident on the target. (lu.se)

In the United States William R. Smythe first proposed such a device in 1926 based on electrodes to which radio-frequency voltages are applied and which are arranged so that ions of a given velocity pass undeflected. (britannica.com)

Ions with a negative charge are called anions. (medlineplus.gov)

Yesterday's announcement by Apple that it is recalling more than one million lithium-ion laptop batteries sold in the U.S. is again throwing the spotlight on the safety of this battery chemistry. (technologyreview.com)

Figure 1 Experimental setup for quantum-logic spectroscopy of a single molecular ion. (nist.gov)
Quantum-state resolving preparation, detection and control of molecular ions are expected to offer new opportunities in quantum information processing (QIP), precision spectroscopy, and fundamental physics. (nist.gov)

Why Lithium-ion? (apple.com)
Compared with traditional battery technology, lithium-ion batteries charge faster, last longer, and have a higher power density for more battery life in a lighter package. (apple.com)
Your Apple lithium-ion battery uses fast charging to quickly reach 80% of its capacity, then switches to slower trickle charging. (apple.com)
Charge your Apple lithium-ion battery whenever you want. (apple.com)
Apple lithium-ion batteries work in charge cycles. (apple.com)
With lithium-ion batteries, the capacity diminishes slightly with each complete charge cycle. (apple.com)
Apple lithium-ion batteries are designed to hold at least 80% of their original capacity for a high number of charge cycles, which varies depending on the product. (apple.com)
During a nail puncture test, a traditional lithium-ion battery bursts into flame. (technologyreview.com)
Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in laptops, cell phones, and other mobile devices because of their ability to store lots of energy in a small, light package. (technologyreview.com)
Safer materials for lithium-ion batteries already exist and are available in products such as power tools. (technologyreview.com)
With some modification, they could be used in laptops, and also help facilitate the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries in hybrid and electric vehicles. (technologyreview.com)
According to Yet-Ming Chiang, materials science and engineering professor at MIT and a founder of A123, the cobalt-oxide or related oxide materials typically used in lithium-ion batteries become unstable if overcharged or overheated, which can happen in the case of battery damage or a fault in the manufacturing process that leads to an internal short. (technologyreview.com)
In the new lithium-ion batteries, cobalt oxide is replaced with iron phosphate, a much more stable material. (technologyreview.com)
Indeed, a traditional lithium-ion battery will burst into flames in abuse tests, such as being pierced by a nail (see this A123 and this Valence video). (technologyreview.com)
Although safer lithium-ion batteries could be adapted for mobile devices, a re-engineered battery would still have less runtime than users now expect in their laptops and cell phones. (technologyreview.com)
With the recent headline news of massive recalls and continuing worries over the safety of more traditional lithium-ion batteries, though, some may begin to change their thinking. (technologyreview.com)
Batteries used in various applications including mobile phones are lithium ion batteries, mostly referred as Li-ion batteries or LIBs. (sciencedaily.com)
Dec. 14, 2020 Today, most rechargeable batteries are lithium-ion batteries, which are made from relatively scarce elements--this calls for the development of batteries using alternative materials. (sciencedaily.com)
This low-potential, high-rate intercalation reaction can be used to identify other metal oxide anodes for fast-charging, long-life lithium-ion batteries. (nature.com)
The Research Foundation initiated this project to determine sprinkler protection guidance for gridconnected lithium-ion battery based ESS for commercial occupancies. (nfpa.org)
The 2016 Fire Protection Research Foundation project " Fire Hazard Assessment of Lithium Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems" identified gaps and research needs to further understand the fire hazards of lithium ion battery energy storage systems. (nfpa.org)

Our research focuses on the use of quantum logic techniques to prepare, control, and measure the rovibrational and electronic states of single trapped molecular ions using co-trapped atomic ions. (nist.gov)
A molecular ion is co-trapped with an atomic ion in a linear rf Paul trap. (nist.gov)
In this project, the tools of quantum information processing developed on atomic ions are extended to performing precision measurement and quantum-state control of single molecular ions. (nist.gov)
This transduction of quantum information from the molecular ion to the atomic ion has enabled preparation and nondestructive detection of a CaH+ ion in pure quantum states [chou17], and entanglement between a molecular ion and an atomic ion [lin20]. (nist.gov)
Therefore, the experimental apparatus is expected to be applicable to a broad range of molecular ion species. (nist.gov)

Further, most ions have no transition that can be repeatedly cycled for readout. (lu.se)
However, the Ce ion has an effectively closed and also short-lived 4f-5d transition in most hosts. (lu.se)

The electron-deficient nature of the boron center of many borenium ions has been confirmed by computational and experimental studies. (wikipedia.org)
From small auditoriums and houses of worship to experimental venues and touring shows, Ion-class lighting control consoles are the compact workhorses of the Eos Family. (etcconnect.com)

Now Portuguese chemists have created what they call an ion jelly that could make a range of electrochemical devices, including batteries, fuel cells and solar cells, cheaper and more environmentally friendly. (newscientist.com)
But this was enough to use in simple circuits and even to manufacture a small electrochemical device - ion jelly electrolyte carries current to a transparent sheet that changes from clear to opaque when electric current is applied (see image, bottom right). (newscientist.com)

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of isolable borenium ions show that the strongly Lewis acidic boron can be stabilized by pi-donation from aromatic substituents such as pyridine. (wikipedia.org)
The density of states inside the cavity is modified compared to the density of states in free space, and as a consequence, the lifetime of the excited state of the ion becomes shorter. (lu.se)

the positive ions contribute in turn to further ionization by their collisions. (britannica.com)
Heavy-ion collisions provide a snapshot of the nuclear distribution at the time of collisions, offering a unique and precise probe of the nuclear structure. (lu.se)

Metal ions in the physiology of insects. (bvsalud.org)

Protonation of non-Lewis acidic oxazaborolidines results in the generation of borenium ions that can be used as enantioselective Diels-Alder catalysts. (wikipedia.org)

A simple, fast, and accurate ion chromatographic method equipped with suppressed conductivity detection is described in this article. (news-medical.net)

While the weak interaction with the surroundings is ideal for reliable quantum operations, the other side of the coin is that state detection is very difficult, because since it stays for a long time in the excited state the ion transmits at a very low photon rate. (lu.se)
In order to make use of this feature, a reliable detection (readout) of single ions is required. (lu.se)
This leads to a low spontaneous emission rate, which renders a direct detection of an individual ion challenging. (lu.se)
Cryogenic measurements were performed and cavity enhanced detection of an ensemble of a few ions was demonstrated. (lu.se)

ION Audio is introducing two new self-powered rechargeable outdoor speakers at CES 2016, the Solar Stone and the Keystone, both with wireless Bluetooth streaming. (twice.com)

I did two charging tests with each of the iON chargers, draining my iPhone X to 1 percent battery life and then giving it an hour to charge while in Airplane mode to make sure nothing was draining the battery. (macrumors.com)
Fuel Gauge ICs Provide 2-Level Li-ion Battery. (circuitcellar.com)

noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Many ions are monoatomic, which means that they are composed of just one atom. (dummies.com)

The Saturn Ion was a compact car produced by General Motors' Saturn marque from 2003 to 2007. (answers.com)

By laser cooling the atomic ions, the shared motional modes can be cooled to the quantum mechanical ground state. (nist.gov)
Solid materials doped with rare-earth ions are considered an attractive platform for quantum information applications. (lu.se)
The atomic frequency comb (AFC) scheme is an interesting quantum memory schemes that has been routinely demonstrated in rare-earth-ion-doped systems. (lu.se)

A hole in the cathode allows positive ions to emerge collimated into a beam. (britannica.com)
An electron beam is drawn from the filament and accelerated across the region in which the ions are formed and toward the electron trap. (britannica.com)
An electric field produced by the repeller forces the ion beam from the source through the exit slit. (britannica.com)
The GSI synchrotron enables a particularly high beam intensity (≥ 5×109 ions/spill), which is significantly higher than most other existing facilities worldwide. (gsi.de)
Starting in 2019 with many tests at the Heidelberg ion-therapy facility (at 10 times lower beam intensity) and continuing at GSI (from 2021), we could the improve and tune the beam monitoring and dosimetry for FLASH Intensity. (gsi.de)

There are several types of voltage-gated channel, each allowing the selective passage of a particular ion. (encyclopedia.com)
This opens the channel, allowing passage of sodium ions. (encyclopedia.com)

Results indicate that the sodium ion-insertion capacity of copper sulfide is as much as 1.5 times that of lithium ions for graphite. (sciencedaily.com)

Ion Solutions represents a pioneering technology poised to revolutionize water quality and disinfection practices in the aquaculture industry. (ingersollrand.com)
By addressing water quality and disinfection comprehensively, Ion Solutions helps mitigate the risk of diseases, pests, and algae proliferation. (ingersollrand.com)
In water, ions set the conditions for how other dissolved particles interact. (lu.se)

Voltage-dependent ion channels are important therapeutic targets for future treatment of pathological conditions such as epilepsy and cardiac arrhythmia. (sciencedaily.com)
FLASH could be an attractive solution also for heavier ions such as carbon and could even enhance the therapeutic window. (gsi.de)

The application of superimposed radio frequency and constant potentials between four parallel rods can be shown to act as a mass separator in which only ions within a particular mass range will perform oscillations of constant amplitude and be collected at the far end of the analyzer. (britannica.com)

Magneto-ionics, understood as voltage-driven ion transport in magnetic materials, has largely relied on controlled migration of oxygen ions. (nature.com)

The researchers immediately showed that ion jelly conducts electricity, although only around half as well as the parent ionic liquid. (newscientist.com)

Ion jelly was a chance discovery made while mixing a range of natural polymers, including gelatine, into ionic liquids. (newscientist.com)

Both the iON and the iON Mini are rectangle-shaped wireless chargers that are about as wide as the iPhone X. The Mini is about an inch shorter than the standard iON, and it's also thinner because the iON has an extra cutout in the middle that's meant to allow for better airflow. (macrumors.com)

voltage-gated ion channel Any ion channel that opens and closes in response to changes in electrical potential across the cell membrane in which the channel is situated. (encyclopedia.com)
The sodium channels open rapidly in response to initial depolarization of the axon plasma membrane, allowing sodium ions (Na + ) to flood in. (encyclopedia.com)
Along with his colleagues, MacKinnon, a Nobel laureate and an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute as well as the university's John D. Rockefeller Jr. Professor, took advantage of the paddle's unique transplantability to create a hybrid ion channel - one of only a handful of eukaryotic membrane proteins whose structures have been determined through recombinant expression. (sciencedaily.com)
24, 2020 Every living cell maintains a voltage across the cell membrane that results from differences in the concentrations of charged ions inside and outside the cell. (sciencedaily.com)
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Anatomy7

Organisms8

Chemicals and Drugs131

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations7

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science5

Health Care5

20231

Positively charged ions1

Qubit ions1

Polyatomic ions2

Molecules3

Readout ion1

Negative ions1

Potassium3

Negatively1

Electrolytes2

Group of atoms1

Inorganic3

Electrode5

Concentration3

Ammonium1

Atoms3

Cations1

Bicarbonate1

Homogeneous1

Protons4

Methods2

Experiments3

Sodium ion batteries4

20221

Demonstrate2

Chemical3

Beams5

Electrodes1

Anions1

Chemistry1

Spectroscopy2

Lithium-ion21

Molecular5

Transition2

Experimental2

Electrochemical2

Density2

Collisions2

Insects1

Acidic1

Conductivity1

Detection4

Rechargeable1

Battery2

Content1

Saturn Ion1

Quantum3

Beam5

Passage2

Insertion1

Water3

Therapeutic2

Radio-frequency1

Understood1

Researchers1

Ionic1

Shorter1

Membrane14