AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
Epidural AbscessAbscessEpidural SpaceDiscitisSpinal DiseasesOsteomyelitisDecompression, SurgicalSpinal Cord DiseasesStaphylococcal InfectionsBrain AbscessMagnetic Resonance ImagingLiver AbscessSpinal CordPsoas AbscessStaphylococcus aureusAnti-Bacterial AgentsStreptococcus milleri GroupLaminectomyAbdominal AbscessLung AbscessAnesthesia, EpiduralSpinal Cord InjuriesCervical Vertebrae
StenosisInfectionSpineOsteomyelitisHematomaPosterior epidural abscessParaspinal abscessDiagnosisDiscitisInjectionsPyogenicVenous plexusMorbiditySteroid injectionTuberculosisSymptomsCanalAntibioticsNerve rootsVertebral bodyDeformityInflammationNervesCompress the spinal cordCervicalGranulation tissueCompressionConus medullarisInfectionsMetastaticFixationParavertebralComplicationsClinicalBoneBrain or spinalSpaceDrainageNeurologic deficitsAnteriorMagneticTumorVascularCaudaLesionParalysisCerebrospinal fluidPost-operativeNeuraxialNeuralDisorders
Stenosis13
  • Rarely, chronic tophaceous gout can result in lumbar spinal stenosis and neural compression. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • It is difficult to diagnose lumbar spinal stenosis secondary to tophaceous gout. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • 2 ] In rare cases, tophaceous gouty arthritis may coexist with and exacerbate the symptoms/signs of lumbar spinal stenosis. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Here, a 67-year-old male presented with both tophaceous gouty arthritis and lumbar spinal stenosis warranting both medication and decompressive surgery. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • PLIF with instrumentation in lumbar pyogenic discitis is a useful treatment in posterior epidural abscess, coexis-tent spinal stenosis and lower lumbar level where anterior fixation is impossible. (koreamed.org)
  • 9). Kirkaldy-Willis WH, Paine KWE, Cauchoix J and Mclover G. Lumbar spinal stenosis. (koreamed.org)
  • Imaging: MRI of D/L spine with screening of whole spine shows T1 hypo & T2 hyperintense signal change with heterogenous contrast enhancement at D4 & D5 vertebral bodies and intervening intervertebral disc with almost complete collapse of D5 vertebral body with similar signal intensity pre and para vertebral soft tissue swelling at the same level with epidural extension causing spinal canal stenosis with cord compression and bilateral nerve root compression. (jmedcasereportsimages.org)
  • For patients who have back pain associated with radiculopathy, spinal stenosis, or another specific spinal cause, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography may establish the diagnosis and guide management. (aafp.org)
  • Spinal stenosis, ankylosing spondylitis. (tomwademd.net)
  • CT scan with contrast may detect bony abnormalities of the spinal canal (e.g., spinal stenosis), but is less sensitive for soft tissue disorders. (tomwademd.net)
  • A wrapped disc is a post-surgical sequela, particularly following surgery for spinal stenosis in which the surgical procedure is more extensive, involving a laminectomy and a medial facetectomy. (blogspot.com)
  • The radicular LBP caused by spinal stenosis is probably related to the inhibition of normal nerve root vascular flow with resultant nerve root nutrition, nerve root edema, and nerve root dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • In summary, clinical practice and animal research suggest that radicular pain is the result of inflammation of the nerve root in the epidural space provoked by leakage of disk material, compression of the nerve root vasculature, and/or irritation of dorsal root ganglia from spinal stenosis. (medscape.com)
Infection21
  • The unusual intracranial epidural infection is often associated with an intracranial subdural infection. (medscape.com)
  • For purposes of this discussion, epidural infection is considered synonymous with spinal epidural abscess, and subdural infection is considered synonymous with intracranial subdural empyema, unless otherwise noted. (medscape.com)
  • Epidural infection, by definition, involves the epidural space between bone and dura. (medscape.com)
  • Hematogenous spread with seeding of the epidural space is the suspected source of infection in most children and is thought to occur in many adult cases as well. (medscape.com)
  • The most common primary spinal infection is pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Three major routes of spread are: (1) hematogenous spread from a distant infection, (2) direct inoculation from trauma, (3) direct inoculation following invasive spinal diagnostic procedures and from spinal surgery. (wheelessonline.com)
  • This animation demonstrates how hardware increases the risk for bacterial infection around the spinal cord and the epidural space. (highimpact.com)
  • Because rapid treatment is necessary to prevent or minimize neurologic deficits, clinicians should consider spinal epidural abscess if patients have significant atraumatic back pain, particularly when there is focal percussion tenderness over the spine, or if they have a fever or have had a recent infection or dental procedure. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Consider immediate MRI to diagnose spinal epidural abscess if patients have unexplained back pain, even without neurologic findings, particularly if focal percussion tenderness and risk factors (eg, IV drug use, recent infection or bacteremia) are present. (msdmanuals.com)
  • If left untreated, this infection has high morbidity leading to spinal deformity, paraplegia, and even death. (nih.gov)
  • Spondylodiskitis (spondylodiscitis, infectious spondylitis) is an infection that involves 1 or more of the extradural components of the spine. (medscape.com)
  • Although plain images, radiographs, CT scans, and nuclear medicine studies can help to establish the diagnosis of spondylodiskitis, MRI is considered the modality of choice for evaluating the presence and severity of spinal infection. (medscape.com)
  • Decompression surgery surgery (removal of any compression of the spinal cord from the infection) in patients with epidural abscesses is most effective if done before the onset of severe weakness. (eurospinepatientline.org)
  • Spinal Tuberculosis, also known as Pott's Disease, is a spinal infection caused by tuberculosis that can lead to osteomyelitis, kyphotic deformity, and spinal mechanical instability. (orthobullets.com)
  • Spinal epidural abscess- an infection may also produce a deposit of pus that presses on the spinal cord. (coloradopaincare.com)
  • Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare, highly morbid, and often life-threatening, neurosurgical emergency characterized most often by a suppurative monomicrobial infection of the central nervous system, confined within the epidural space between the dura mater and the vertebral periosteum. (emdocs.net)
  • Because of the tendency of S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) to disseminate (eg, endocarditis, spinal epidural abscess, other metastatic infections), it should be treated with a minimum of 2 weeks of IV antibiotics following first repeat negative blood cultures, irrespective of the source of infection or rate of clinical improvement. (pearls4peers.com)
  • Generally, there is small risk of infection (discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis, epidural abscess), bleeding, spinal headache and drug allergic reactions. (sarahbush.org)
  • It is a condition which causes pain and discomfort in the spinal region due to infection of the vertebrae or intervertebral disc space. (asianspinehospital.com)
  • Sometimes, pain in this area of the body can be caused by serious and potentially fatal conditions, such as a spinal infection, lung cancer, pulmonary embolism, or cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder). (com.ng)
  • Infection of the spine ( osteomyelitis , diskitis, abscess). (medlineplus.gov)
Spine25
  • Spinal epidural abscesses in the thoracic spine may progress more quickly and have more severe consequences. (medscape.com)
  • This is believed to result from the relatively small size of the spinal canal compared to other spine levels. (medscape.com)
  • Note that the spinal cord level doesn't line up precisely with the corresponding vertebrae, especially caudal to the thoracic spine. (emcrit.org)
  • Lhermitte's sign (an electric-shock sensation elicited by neck flexion that runs down the spine and sometimes into the limbs) suggests involvement of the posterior columns of the cervical spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
  • Pyogenic infections of the spine most frequently involve the lumbar spine (58%), followed by the thoracic (30%) and cervical (11%) regions. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Spine infections are rare infections that can involve the intervertebral disc space (discitis), the vertebral bones, the spinal canal or adjacent soft tissues. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Risk factors for infections of the spine involve conditions that weaken the patient's immune system, such conditions include diabetes mellitus, use of immunosuppressant medications, cancer, HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, history of an organ transplant and intravenous drug abuse. (wheelessonline.com)
  • An epidural abscess is a collection of infected material between the outer covering of the brain and spinal cord and the bones of the skull or spine. (highimpact.com)
  • Occasionally, the cause is a tuberculous abscess of the thoracic spine (Pott disease). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cauda equina injury Trauma to the spine may cause injuries involving the spinal cord, vertebrae, or both. (msdmanuals.com)
  • MRI is especially effective for evaluating the neural structures of the spine (ie, spinal cord, nerve roots) and extradural soft tissue. (medscape.com)
  • This involves removing any pressure off the spinal cord, correction of the bone alignment, stabilisation of the spine with screws, rods or plates and fusion of the vertebral bones to promote better long-term stability. (eurospinepatientline.org)
  • A 67-year-old male presented with the radiographic and magnetic resonance findings of gout involving and causing compression of the lumbar spine that responded to surgical decompression. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • It constitutes a chronic and debilitating form of arthritis that primarily affects the peripheral joints (i.e., toes, fingers, and knees), but can also involve other structures (i.e., tendons, bursa, and spine). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • The management of these two conditions may require a multidisciplinary approach involving rheumatologists, pain management specialists, and spine surgeons. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging scan of spine showing features compatible with discitis involving L3/L4 with surrounding paravertebral and psoas inflammation and epidural abscess. (cdc.gov)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging ( Figure ) of the patient's lumbar spine revealed discitis and osteomyelitis at the L3/L4 level, with associated epidural and paraverterbral abscesses. (cdc.gov)
  • Your upper back includes 12 vertebrae (bones in your spine), known as the thoracic spinal region. (coloradopaincare.com)
  • Spinal deformity- in its natural form, your thoracic spine should curve outward slightly, but deformation due to scoliosis or Scheuermann's kyphosis may distend the spine. (coloradopaincare.com)
  • The main goal of cervical epidural steroid injections is to help manage chronic pain caused by irritation and inflammation of the spinal nerve roots in your neck (the cervical region of your spine) due to certain conditions or injuries. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Because of blood supply, the lumbar spine is the most frequently involved segment, followed by the thoracic spine and then the cervical spine. (patientcareonline.com)
  • It is a minimally invasive surgical procedure which involves thorough cleaning and removal of infected tissues and foreign material to promote healing and growth of healthy tissue in the infected area of the spine. (asianspinehospital.com)
  • Describe the anatomy of the spine, vertebral column and epidural space. (developinganaesthesia.com)
  • About 70% of spinal tumors are located in the thoracic spine.1 Ciftdemir M, Kaya M, Selcuk E, Yalniz E. Spinal tumors of the spine. (com.ng)
  • Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) have been endorsed by the North American Spine Society and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (formerly, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research) of the Department of Health and Human Services as an integral part of nonsurgical management of radicular pain from lumbar spine disorders. (medscape.com)
Osteomyelitis4
  • Explain why careful planning and discussion amongst interprofessional team members involved in the management of patients with vertebral osteomyelitis will improve outcomes. (nih.gov)
  • Vertebral osteomyelitis (additionally referred to as spinal osteomyelitis or spondylodiskitis) accounts for approximately 3% to 5% of all cases of osteomyelitis annually. (nih.gov)
  • [2] Conversely, coagulase-negative staphylococci and Propionibacterium acnes are the most common pathogens in cases of exogenous osteomyelitis after spinal surgery, particularly with the use of spinal fixation devices. (nih.gov)
  • Infectious spondylitis most commonly appears as spinal osteomyelitis and/or diskitis. (medscape.com)
Hematoma9
  • Surgery is required to remove the abscess or the hematoma. (eurospinepatientline.org)
  • localized bleeding (epidural hematoma ) causing pressure on the spinal cord in the low back. (medicinenet.com)
  • Hematoma can occur as a consequence of trauma to the epidural venous plexus during placement of a needle or catheter. (medscape.com)
  • Because the vertebral canal is a fixed space, the hematoma can compress the spinal cord and nerve roots and potentially cause permanent neurologic damage. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal epidural hematoma after neuraxial anesthesia is exceedingly rare. (medscape.com)
  • A nationwide data analysis from 2016 reviewed more than 3.7 million instances of epidural analgesia over a period of 12 years and found the rate of spinal hematoma to be 0.6 per 100,000 in obstetric patients and 18.5 per 100,000 in nonobstetric patients. (medscape.com)
  • Although parturients, a cohort of patients that often receives neuraxial anesthesia, are generally in a hypercoagulable state, certain conditions of pregnancy (eg, gestational thrombocytopenia, HELLP [hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets] syndrome, and complications of preeclampsia) can increase the incidence of epidural hematoma. (medscape.com)
  • Spinal epidural hematoma. (tomwademd.net)
  • Lumbar puncture is initially contraindicated , since this could exacerbate a spinal epidural abscess or epidural hematoma. (tomwademd.net)
Posterior epidural abscess1
Paraspinal abscess2
  • However, progression can become more rapid if epidural or paraspinal abscess, sepsis, vertebral body collapse, or other complications occur. (patientcareonline.com)
  • The paraspinal abscess and the diseased in-tervertebral space tissue were taken for pathological examination during the operation. (scirp.org)
Diagnosis6
  • The first step towards diagnosis and therapy is recognizing that the patient has some sort of spinal cord pathology. (emcrit.org)
  • Myelopathy is a clinical diagnosis with localization of the neurological findings to the spinal cord, rather than the brain or the peripheral nervous system, and then to a particular segment of the spinal cord. (bvsalud.org)
  • In patients with localized disease at diagnosis, only 1 case each of spinal involvement 5 and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis 6 as isolated delayed recurrences of SNUC have been reported. (appliedradiationoncology.com)
  • Clinical diagnosis of symptomatic facet joint arthropathy involving the L3-S1 facets. (mayo.edu)
  • Virtually every human organ and system can be involved in brucellosis, which highlights the need to include brucellosis in the differential diagnosis, especially in endemic areas. (who.int)
  • His most notable verdicts and settlements consist of a $1.5 million verdict for a young woman in New Jersey who suffered from a delay in the diagnosis of an epidural abscess following the delivery of her son and a $4 million dollar settlement for a man who suffered a delay in the diagnosis of a transverse myelitis which resulted in a spinal cord infarction. (usnews.com)
Discitis3
Injections8
  • [ 2 ] A recent outbreak of fungal infections associated with epidural injections of contaminated methylprednisolone also included epidural abscesses. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with radicular symptoms may benefit from epidural steroid injections, but studies have produced mixed results. (aafp.org)
  • Healthcare providers use cervical epidural steroid injections (ESIs) as a temporary pain relief option for certain causes of chronic neck pain. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Healthcare providers use cervical epidural steroid injections (cervical ESIs) for chronic pain management. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Cervical epidural steroid injections most often lead to temporary pain relief, but some people do not experience pain relief from the injection. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • What are cervical epidural steroid injections used for? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Healthcare providers use cervical epidural steroid injections to manage a type of chronic pain known as cervical radiculopathy, which is caused by spinal nerve root inflammation and irritation in your neck. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • see also Approaches for Epidural Injections) was performed in 1901, when cocaine was injected to treat lumbago and sciatica (presumably pain referred from lumbar nerve roots). (medscape.com)
Pyogenic2
  • Spinal infections involve pyogenic or granulomatous infections of the vertebral column, intervertebral discs, the dural sac or the epidural space. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Pyogenic spinal infections most commonly are caused by Staphylococcus aureus (in 60% of patients) and Enterobacter species (in 30% of patients). (medscape.com)
Venous plexus2
  • This is a true space in the spinal canal that is filled posteriorly with epidural fat, small arteries, and a venous plexus. (medscape.com)
  • Thrombosis/occlusion of the inferior vena cava causing enlargement of the epidural venous plexus. (tomwademd.net)
Morbidity2
  • 1 This is related to a combination of factors including population aging, increasing numbers of spinal surgeries, increasing population morbidity of diabetes and other immune compromising conditions, and increased case finding as access to highly sensitive diagnostic imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become widespread. (emdocs.net)
  • The most significant modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality is time to surgical decompression, as neurological symptoms are produced by local mass effect and abscess intrusion into spinal cord arterial blood supply, disc spaces, and spinal cord segments. (emdocs.net)
Steroid injection5
Tuberculosis3
  • 13). Oga M, Arizono T, Takasita M and Sugioka Y. Evaluation of the risk of instrumentation as a foreign body in spinal tuberculosis. (koreamed.org)
  • Tuberculosis is a granulomatous inflammation involving various organs. (jmedcasereportsimages.org)
  • Due to the insensitivity of the body's reaction ability in the elderly, the early clinical symptoms are not typical, and the imaging findings are easily confused with spinal tuberculosis. (scirp.org)
Symptoms2
  • Approximately 90% of epidural infections are located along the spinal neuraxis and cause symptoms referable to the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
  • Compression of the spinal cord at this level can lead to a number of typical symptoms of the syndrome (low back pain , sciatica , saddle sensory changes, bladder and bowel incontinence , and lower extremity motor and sensory loss). (medicinenet.com)
Canal3
Antibiotics4
Nerve roots5
  • Sometimes, nerve roots that are attached to the cervical region (neck region) of your spinal cord can become pinched or inflamed. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • A degenerated disk could cause local inflammation in your spinal nerve roots. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • The cauda equina is composed of nerve roots L2-L5 and S1-S5, which exit the spinal cord below the end of the spinal cord (figure below). (tomwademd.net)
  • However, cauda equina syndrome involving only the lower nerve roots (e.g. (tomwademd.net)
  • Inflammation within the epidural space and nerve roots, as can be provoked by a herniated disk, is a significant factor in causing radicular pain. (medscape.com)
Vertebral body1
Deformity1
  • The disease may end up with spinal deformity and neurological complications like arachnoiditis, intramedullary tuberculoma and epidural abscesses 5 . (jmedcasereportsimages.org)
Inflammation2
  • In addition, if the patient receives several weeks or more of pain relief, then it may be reasonable to assume that an element of inflammation was involved in his or her pathophysiology. (medscape.com)
  • Animal research in dogs and rats also has revealed severe inflammation locally within the epidural space and nerve root after injection of autologous nuclear material into the epidural space. (medscape.com)
Nerves15
  • Spinal nerves and corresponding sensory dermatomes are shown above. (emcrit.org)
  • Nerves to the cervical cord are located closest to the middle of the cord, whereas nerves to the sacrum are located farthest towards the edges of the spinal cord. (emcrit.org)
  • Occasionally, the spinal nerves are affected. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cauda equina syndrome can be caused by any condition that results in direct irritation or pinching of the nerves at the end of the spinal cord. (medicinenet.com)
  • Partial cauda equina syndrome is the terminology that applies when there is incomplete compression of the nerves of the lower spinal cord. (medicinenet.com)
  • Compression of the spinal nerves of the spinal cord can lead to permanent dysfunction of the lower extremities, bladder, and bowels. (medicinenet.com)
  • Improper spinal alignment can apply more pressure on discs, muscles and nerves, causing pain and discomfort. (coloradopaincare.com)
  • They inject an anti-inflammatory medication into the epidural space around your spinal nerves. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Your spinal cord is a very important bundle of nerves that runs from your brain to your lower back. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Your spinal cord acts like a highway that connects the nerves located all over your body to your brain so that your brain can send signals and communicate with the rest of your body. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Spinal nerves. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • The leaked material may press on and pinch nearby spinal nerves. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Located within the backbone, the spinal cord is tube-like and contains a bundle of nerves from the base of the brain down the back. (nomsdrs.com)
  • Nerves are bundles of fibers that facilitate communication between the brain, spinal cord, muscles, and internal organs. (com.ng)
  • Pain from a Spinal Tumor - Tumors in the spinal column may cause back pain by damaging healthy tissues, such as the vertebrae (bones), and/or by compressing (pinching) the nerves. (com.ng)
Compress the spinal cord1
Cervical1
  • Spinal cord lesion in the cervical or thoracic cord (especially a central cord lesion). (tomwademd.net)
Granulation tissue1
  • citation needed] A cranial epidural abscess involves pus and granulation tissue accumulation in between the dura mater and cranial bone. (wikipedia.org)
Compression7
Conus medullaris1
  • Conus medullaris syndrome refers to pathology at the very end of the spinal cord (usually at the T12-L1 level). (tomwademd.net)
Infections5
  • Spinal infections can also develop postoperatively and most often develop secondary to direct inoculation of the wound. (wheelessonline.com)
  • This chapter describes both primary and post-operative spinal infections. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Primary spinal infections are described as infections of the vertebrae that are not secondary to an operation. (wheelessonline.com)
  • Spinal infections are classified into two types based on their location: Anterior and posterior. (asianspinehospital.com)
  • Pathogenic infections of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. (bvsalud.org)
Metastatic1
  • Spinal tumor pain may feel like an achiness or discomfort deep within the back, rather than feeling painful on the surface or skin.2 Laufer I, Sciubba, DM, Madera M. Surgical Management of Metastatic Spinal Tumors. (com.ng)
Fixation1
  • Surgery involves removing the tumour with or without fixation techniques (depending on spinal stability). (eurospinepatientline.org)
Paravertebral1
Complications1
Clinical2
  • Spinal epidural abscess in clinical practice" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • Clinical photographs of patient's bilateral feet (a), bilateral hands (b), and front view of the right hand (c) demonstrating multiple tophaceous swellings involving various joints of hands and feet. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Bone3
  • It is especially indicated in the case of scanty antevertebral abscess with minimal bone destruction. (koreamed.org)
  • Food hypersensitivities and adverse gastrointestinal gi absorption and bone fractures in prospective studies in the late phase involves a complex interaction between a patient has been used to exclude tbg deficiency. (gec-group.com)
  • Postoperative MRI of the head demonstrated residual tumor involving the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone bilaterally, the basisphenoid, left pterygopalatine fossa, nasopharynx and inferior turbinate. (appliedradiationoncology.com)
Brain or spinal1
  • Due to its location adjacent to brain or spinal cord, epidural abscesses have the potential to cause weakness, pain, and paralysis. (wikipedia.org)
Space11
Drainage1
  • Anterior drainage of the abscesses and fusion with an iliac crest graft were performed on day 5 of hospitalization. (cdc.gov)
Neurologic deficits1
Anterior4
  • Thus, diseases affecting the anterior horn of the spinal cord cause flaccid paralysis. (emcrit.org)
  • 3 Imaging studies often demonstrate extensive local invasive growth involving nasal cavity and ethmoid sinuses, with frequent spread into the orbit, calvarium, and anterior cranial fossa. (appliedradiationoncology.com)
  • Imaging studies including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a mass involving the nasal cavity with extension through the skull base into the anterior cranial fossa. (appliedradiationoncology.com)
  • The ligaments of the spinal column are the anterior longitudinal, posterior longitudinal, ligamentum flavum, interspinous and supraspinous ligaments. (developinganaesthesia.com)
Magnetic1
Tumor2
  • In both cases, en bloc tumor resection was successfully performed via a simultaneous exoscopic transcranial approach using a 3D-HMD and an endoscopic endonasal approach, eliminating the need to watch a large monitor beside the patient. (thejns.org)
  • While most spinal pain is located in the lower back or neck, pain from a spinal tumor is more likely to be felt in the upper or middle back. (com.ng)
Vascular1
Cauda3
  • The outlook for patients affected by cauda equina syndrome is determined by the extent of damage to involved nerve tissue. (medicinenet.com)
  • The terminology cauda equina literally means the tail of the horse and refers to the normal anatomy of the end of the spinal cord in the low back where it divides into many bundles of nerve tracts resembling a horse's tail. (medicinenet.com)
  • In this post, I link to and excerpt the section on Cauda Equina Sydrome from Dr. Josh Farkas 's outstanding Internet Book of Critical Care 's [Link is to the TOC] chapter Spinal Cord , May 14, 2022. (tomwademd.net)
Lesion2
  • Evaluating for a sensory level using a pin to detect pain sensation is more sensitive to detect a spinal level originating from a lesion in the spinothalamic tract. (emcrit.org)
  • Motor weakness may be used to evaluate the level of a spinal lesion that involves the corticospinal tract. (emcrit.org)
Paralysis1
  • John has been lead counsel in the defense of hospitals and physicians in a broad range of cases involving such issues as catastrophic injury, neurological damage, paralysis, limb loss, death, sexual misconduct, and psychological injury. (serpeandrews.com)
Cerebrospinal fluid2
Post-operative1
Neuraxial1
  • Neuraxial anaesthesia or central neural blockade encompasses spinal, epidural and caudal administration of local anaesthetic and opioid medications. (developinganaesthesia.com)
Neural1
Disorders2
  • Overview of Spinal Cord Disorders Spinal cord disorders can cause permanent severe neurologic disability. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [ 3 ] The incidence is also increased in patients who are taking anticoagulants, those who have coagulation disorders, and those who require multiple attempts for epidural placement. (medscape.com)