• Rectal prolapse starts as a mucosal extrusion from the mucocutaneous junction, which may eventually progress to full-thickness prolapse. (medscape.com)
  • Diagram depicting clinical difference between true (full-thickness) prolapse (left), including all layers of rectum and with circular folds seen on prolapsed intestine, and procidentia, or mucosa-only prolapse (right), in which radial folds are seen in mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS, solitary rectal ulcer, SRU) occurs with internal rectal intussusception and is part of the spectrum of rectal prolapse conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • It includes solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, rectal prolapse, proctitis cystica profunda, and inflammatory polyps. (wikipedia.org)
  • Excessive pushing during defecation induces mucosal injury of the anterior rectal wall, which may lead to a solitary rectal ulcer. (medscape.com)
  • Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a rare disorder that involves straining during defecation, a sense of incomplete evacuation, and sometimes passage of blood and mucus by rectum. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is caused by mucosal ischemia of the distal rectal mucosa resulting from trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Diagnosis of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is typically made by clinical history and flexible sigmoidoscopy, but biopsy is sometimes done for confirmation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, a publication by the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons stated that internal rectal intussusception involved the mucosal and submucosal layers separating from the underlying muscularis mucosa layer attachments, resulting in the separated portion of rectal lining "sliding" down. (wikipedia.org)
  • Image of young patient with full-thickness rectal prolapse with multiple circular folds seen on exposed mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • One classification of rectal prolapse divides the entity into true prolapse (protrusion of all layers of the rectum) and procidentia (herniation of only the mucosa). (medscape.com)
  • Rectal prolapse presents as a red ring of mucosa protruding from the rectum after straining (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • If the prolapse is present upon examination, feeling the prolapsed mucosa between fingers allows the examiner to distinguish between mucosal and full-thickness rectal prolapse. (medscape.com)
  • It is caused by localized ischemic injury or prolapse of the distal rectal mucosa. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Lesions are typically located in the anterior rectal wall within 10 cm of the anal verge. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [ 3 ] The prolapse can spontaneously reduce or may require digital reduction. (medscape.com)
  • Because most prolapses spontaneously reduce before arrival for evaluation, a brief examination of the patient in a sitting or squatting position and observation for recurrence of prolapse is recommended. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Although, less common in Western societies, pediatric rectal prolapse is a relatively common benign disorder in children. (medscape.com)
  • A prolapsed rectal polyp appears as a plum-colored mass that does not involve the entire anal circumference. (medscape.com)
  • Dietary adjustments to reduce constipation and straining may help to some extent especially in patients unfit for surgery but prolapse symptoms are difficult to control with conservative measures alone. (manchestergeneralandcolorectalsurgery.co.uk)
  • The clinician should ask about excessive straining due to constipation or diarrhea (most common), prolonged toilet sitting with hips and knees flexed, and operative correction of imperforate anus. (medscape.com)
  • Most external prolapse cases can be treated successfully, often with a surgical procedure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Images taken by the caretaker during an acute episode of prolapse aid in confirming the diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • Internal prolapses are traditionally harder to treat and surgery may not be suitable for many patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the era of minimal access surgery, minimally invasive laparoscopic rectopexy has become a popular treatment option for patients with rectal prolapse (RP). (thieme-connect.de)
  • [ 6 ] Most patients (77%) with rectal prolapse presenting after anorectoplasty can be successfully managed with conservative treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Parents provide a history of a dark or bright-red mass protruding from the child's anus, although the child appears to be pain free or in minimal discomfort. (medscape.com)
  • However, most researchers agree that there are 3 to 5 different types of rectal prolapse, depending on whether the prolapsed section is visible externally, and whether the full or only partial thickness of the rectal wall is involved. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the case of prolapsed intussusception, a finger can be passed into the space between the anal wall and the protruding mass. (medscape.com)
  • Recently, minimally invasive surgery for rectal prolapse (RP) repairs has gained wide acceptance because of advantages like relatively easier and magnified access to the pelvic recess and floor, decreased operative pain, faster recovery, and early discharge. (thieme-connect.de)
  • In children, rectal prolapse should always be considered a presenting sign of an underlying condition, and not a disease entity unto itself. (medscape.com)
  • The different kinds of rectal prolapse can be difficult to grasp, as different definitions are used and some recognize some subtypes and others do not. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other positions, such as jackknife or left lateral decubitus are frequently inadequate to reproduce the prolapse. (medscape.com)