• Runge is an early pioneer in MRI, known for his work in 1982-1984 demonstrating for the first time the potential as well as early diagnostic utility of intravenous contrast media in MRI, specifically the gadolinium chelates. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2019, under his guidance, the first study demonstrating the toxicity of gadolinium chelates to brain tissue was published. (wikipedia.org)
  • This identifies a pathway by which linear gadolinium chelates may produce ill effects in otherwise normal patients long after injection, supporting the EMA's decision in 2017 to withdraw certain, and restrict other, agents in this category from clinical use. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to their hydrophilic character, gadolinium chelates do not pass the blood-brain barrier. (ispub.com)
  • Gadolinium chelates are extremely well tolerated by the vast majority of patients in whom they are injected. (ispub.com)
  • Gadolinium chelates have been approved for parenteral use since the late 1980s. (mrisafety.com)
  • Gadolinium chelates administered to patients with acute renal failure or severe chronic kidney disease can result in a syndrome of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). (mrisafety.com)
  • To investigate and compare the biological effects of γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticle (NP) and gadolinium dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) with high and multiple doses on the kidney of healthy mice. (dovepress.com)
  • Although intrathecal CT cisternography with water-soluble iodinated contrast medium has been used, very few studies have dealt with the intrathecal use of gadopentate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA), though it appears superior to CT. (ajnr.org)
  • Gadopentate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) was the first contrast medium approved for intravenous use in MR imaging studies, and a high level of safety and tolerance has been proved in its clinical use. (ajnr.org)
  • However, there is controversy about whether gadolinium contrast media are less nephrotoxic at equally attenuating doses. (mrisafety.com)
  • No assessment of gadolinium versus iodinated contrast nephrotoxicity by randomized studies of equally attenuating doses is currently available. (mrisafety.com)
  • Initially, radiographic use of high doses of gadolinium agents was proposed as an alternative to nephrotoxic iodinated contrast media in patients with renal insufficiency. (mrisafety.com)
  • However, because of the risk of NSF following gadolinium-based contrast material administration, especially in patients with acute renal failure or severe chronic kidney disease, and because of the unknown nephrotoxicity of high doses of gadolinium agents, use of these contrast media for conventional angiography is no longer recommended. (mrisafety.com)
  • Polydextrose sorbitol carboxymethyl ether coated γ-Fe 2 O 3 NP with hydrodynamic size of 68.2 nm and clinically applied Gd-DTPA were employed on healthy mice with the repeatedly intravenous administration of high doses. (dovepress.com)
  • 9 - 11 Data from acute and subacute physiologic and neurohistologic studies of the central nervous system provided evidence that when intrathecal gadolinium was used in doses sufficient to improve MR imaging of the CSF compartment, it was likely to be accompanied by a low incidence of acute changes in neural function or structure. (ajnr.org)
  • Gd-BOPTA was found to give higher vessel-to-liver contrast than Gd-EOB-DTPA when recommended doses were given. (diva-portal.org)
  • To produce an enhancement-like effect of the brain lesions of MRI images mathematically, without intravenous injection of contrast. (ispub.com)
  • A multi-slice EPI IR sequence was used to assess T1 relaxation times of various brain lesions and brain tumors before and after administration of gadolinium. (ispub.com)
  • The number and volume of T2-hyperintense, T1-hypointense, and gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) lesions, as well as whole brain volume and MTR, were assessed in 681 patients (MRI cohort). (cnr.it)
  • Chemically Gd is a rare earth element (Z-64)(1-3) that is toxic in its free state, but when it is bound to DTPA by chelation the problem of toxicity is solved (3,4). (ispub.com)
  • MR with gadolinium has been used instead of contrast-enhanced CT in those at risk for developing worsening renal failure if exposed to iodinated contrast media. (mrisafety.com)
  • However, in view of the risk of NSF in patients with severe renal dysfunction, this practice should only be considered after reviewing the recommendations for use of gadolinium-based contrast in this group of patients. (mrisafety.com)
  • Caution should be used in extrapolating the lack of nephrotoxicity of intravenous (IV) gadolinium at MR dosages to its use for angiographic procedures, including direct injection into the renal arteries. (mrisafety.com)
  • The γ-Fe 2 O 3 NPs induced weaker proinflammatory effects in reference to the Gd-DTPA, indicating better renal safety. (dovepress.com)
  • Forty-seven consecutive patients with moderate-ly impaired renal function and a clinical suspicion of renalartery stenosis were investigated with computed tomogra- There is debate over how to investigate renal artery steno- phy angiography (CTA), gadolinium-enhanced magnetic sis (RAS), in particular how to determine whether, and to resonance angiography (MRA), contrast-enhanced Dopp- what extent, this contributes to renovascular hypertension. (medicinelakex1.com)
  • Gadolinium (Gd 3+ ), a paramagnetic substance, is the most commonly used compound for contrast enhancement. (ispub.com)
  • Gadolinium (Gd 3+ ), a paramagnetic substance, is the most commonly used compounds for contrast enhancement. (ispub.com)
  • We sought to evaluate the relation between atrial fibrillation (AF) and the extent of myocardial scarring together with left ventricular (LV) and atrial parameters assessed by late gadolinium-enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). (1library.net)
  • The studies presented here evaluate the biliary, parenchymal and vascular enhancement effects of two T1-shortening liver-specific contrast agents, Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA, in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of healthy subjects and of patients. (diva-portal.org)
  • While Gd-EOB-DTPA gave an earlier and more prolonged enhancement and image contrast of the bile duct, Gd-BOPTA achieved higher maximal enhancement and higher image contrast for all vessels studied during the arterial and portal venous phases. (diva-portal.org)
  • Coronal T1-weighted MRI with gadolinium enhancement of a sphenoid wing meningioma with some degree of encasement of bilateral cavernous sinuses. (medscape.com)
  • The most frequently used reagents for contrast enhancement are gadolinium-based, such MRI contrast agents are representative T 1 contrast agents that can effectively curtailing the T 1 relaxation time of protons inside tissues by interactions with the neighboring contrast agent [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The intravenous co-infusion of labradimil, a metabolically stable bradykinin B2 receptor agonist, has been shown to temporarily enhance the transvascular delivery of small chemotherapy drugs, such as carboplatin, across the blood-brain tumor barrier. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Baseline blood and brain tumor tissue pharmacokinetics were imaged with the 1st bolus of Gd-DTPA over the first hour, and then re-imaged with a 2nd bolus of Gd-DTPA over the second hour, during which normal saline or a bradykinin B2 receptor agonist was infused intravenously for 15 minutes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Metabolically stable bradykinin B2 agonists, methionine-lysine-bradykinin and labradimil, had differential effects on the transvascular flow rate of Gd-DTPA across the blood-brain tumor barrier. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both methionine-lysine-bradykinin and labradimil increased the blood half-life of Gd-DTPA sufficiently enough to increase significantly the tumor tissue Gd-DTPA area under the time-concentration curve. (biomedcentral.com)
  • T2*-weighted MRI, following intravenous administration of VCAM-MPIO, highlighted the tumor-brain interface of both tumor models more extensively than gadolinium-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted MRI. (figshare.com)
  • Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) involves the acquisition of sequential images in rapid succession during and after the intravenous administration of a, usually, low-molecular weight contrast agent (CA), which includes a paramagnetic component such as gadolinium (Gd 3+ ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gadolinium (Gd) is one of the most important MR contrast elements.14 Multifunctional nanoparticles with a luminescent Ru(bpy)32+ core and a paramagnetic Gd complex layer have been fabricated for multimodality MR and uorescence imaging using layer-by-layer selfassembly.15 However, the assembly procedure is complex. (docksci.com)
  • It should be determined if gadolinium-based contrast medium is necessary, if a different brand could be used, and if 12 to 24 hours of premedication with corticosteroids and antihistamines could be initiated. (mrisafety.com)
  • 4 , 13 After a pilot study in human patients that included only adults, the safety and feasibility of a low dose of intrathecal gadolinium administration was shown. (ajnr.org)
  • These studies may involve the intravenous administration of commercially available MR contrast media and exercise. (clinconnect.io)
  • Unlike projection radiography (which could essentially show only bone), MRI has unparalleled tomographic capabilities and can define different soft tissue structures within the joint, including the ability to clearly depict synovitis following the administration of the MRI contrast agent gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intrathecal gadolinium injection was performed via transfontanelle ventriculostomy, ventriculoperitoneal shunt reservoir, or lumbar puncture. (ajnr.org)
  • Using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, the pharmacokinetics of gadolinium-diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA), a small MRI contrast agent, were imaged in rodents bearing orthotopic RG-2 malignant gliomas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most common CA used in T 1 -weighted DCE-MRI, Gadolinium-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA), is able to transverse the vascular endothelium (except when the blood-brain barrier is intact) and enter the extravascular-extracellular space (EES), but is unable to cross the cellular membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 19 - 21 Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced T 1 -weighted MRI, proton density fat fraction (PDFF) MRI, and T 2 *-weighted MRI have all been used to measure liver functionality and pathologies. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in multiple sclerosis (MS) was monitored by serial gadolinium-(Gd)-DTPA enhanced MRI during and after the treatment of acute relapses with a three day course of high dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP). (bmj.com)
  • The frequency of acute adverse reactions to gadolinium contrast media is about 8 times higher in patients with a previous reaction to gadolinium-based contrast media. (mrisafety.com)
  • Several studies in animal models reported the benefits of intrathecal gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging for the study of CSF pathway disorders and outlined the tolerance and dose limits. (ajnr.org)
  • The agent is a prolonged circulating gadolinium containing macromolecule that consists of a monomethoxy ether of polyethylene glycol attached to poly L lysine?Gd DTPA. (alksignaling.com)
  • Intravenous leiomyomatosis consists of benign smooth muscle tissue nodules that grow in the veins of the myometrium and occasionally extend into uterine and hypogastric veins. (5y1.org)
  • Runge was one of the early researchers to investigate the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), giving the first presentation in this field (in 1982), followed two years later by the first presentation of efficacy (in 1984). (wikipedia.org)
  • In the absence of any widely accepted policy for dealing with patients with prior contrast reactions (especially to gadolinium-based media) and the need for subsequent exposure to magnetic resonance (MR) agents, it does seem prudent to at least take precautions in a patient who previously had a reaction to GBCM. (mrisafety.com)
  • We report our experience with the intrathecal use of Gd-DTPA for MR cisternography and ventriculography in pediatric patients referred for study and treatment of complex CSF-related diseases. (ajnr.org)
  • In complex hydrocephalus or intraventricular cysts, ventriculography Gd-DTPA MR imaging helped to differentiate isolation of a ventricle or noncommunicating cyst in all 4 patients. (ajnr.org)
  • After the first report of Gd-DTPA for ventriculography in 2 adult patients with meningeal carcinomatosis, 3 several other cases were reported in personal communications and different publications. (ajnr.org)
  • In the final study, retrospectively gathered datasets from patients with hepatobiliary disease were analyzed using the quantitative estimation of hepatic uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA described in the third study. (diva-portal.org)
  • The biological effects of γ-Fe 2 O 3 NP and Gd-DTPA on the kidney were obtained using a biochemical automatic analyzer and multiple proinflammatory factor kit on the serum. (dovepress.com)
  • IVU (sometimes called IVP, for intravenous pyelography) has been largely superseded by rapid multidimensional CT and MRI with or without a contrast agent. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In order to minimize the potential risks associated with gadolinium deposition in the brain, it must be used in strict accordance with the indications and approved doses. (beilupharma.com)
  • Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for NSF among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs. (nih.gov)
  • Current evidence shows that after repeated use of GBCAs, trace amounts of gadolinium can remain in the brain and other body tissues. (beilupharma.com)
  • Animal experiments have shown that the amount of gadolinium deposited after repeated use of linear GBCAs is higher than that of repeated use of macrocyclic. (beilupharma.com)
  • To track exposures to intravenous GBCAs, for each subject we are administrating GBCA, we will maintain a database recording any reports of GBCA administration at an outside institution and the running total of GCBA administration at the Clinical Center. (nih.gov)
  • Volunteers who have had exposure to intravenous GBCAs within the last 6 months at an outside institution or the Clinical Center, or reached their maximum of 4 GBCA research imaging studies during their study participation on this protocol, will be excluded from having a contrast enhanced MRI, but will not be excluded from the protocol for non-contrasted MRI studies. (nih.gov)
  • A ) Despite anti-inflammatory treatment, T1-weighted imaging after intravenous gadolinium-DTPA revealed contrast enhancement of thoracic vertebrae numbers 8-11. (medscape.com)
  • C ) T1-weighted imaging after intravenous gadolinium-DTPA did not reveal contrast enhancement. (medscape.com)
  • 5. Detection and characterization of focal liver lesions using superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: comparison between ferumoxides-enhanced T1-weighted imaging and delayed-phase gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. (nih.gov)
  • 7. [Magnetic resonance imaging of hepatic focal lesions: dynamic contrastographic evaluation with gadolinium versus reticulo-endothelial hepato-specific contrast media]. (nih.gov)
  • Runge was one of the early researchers to investigate the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), giving the first presentation in this field (in 1982), followed two years later by the first presentation of efficacy (in 1984). (wikipedia.org)
  • Measurements of task-induced changes in cerebral blood volume (CBV) have been demonstrated using VAscular Space Occupancy (VASO) techniques (noninvasive and newly developed) and a contrast agent-based (Gd- DTPA) method (invasive but well-established) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). (openneuroimagingjournal.com)
  • 2 A V/Q scan is a combination of two nuclear tests that involve administration of inhaled and intravenous radioisotopes to measure ventilation and perfusion in all areas of the lungs. (cadth.ca)
  • Perfusion studies are performed after intravenous injection of 99m Tc-labelled macroaggregated albumin ( 99m Tc-MAA) particles. (cadth.ca)
  • Agent de contraste macromoléculaire (CMD-DTPA-Gd) pour l'IRM de perfusion myocardique. (insa-lyon.fr)
  • Secondary outcomes included blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown on gadolinium-enhanced MRIs and 90-day modified Rankin scores (mRS). (bmj.com)
  • Moreover, the patient population selected in these studies was heterogeneous with a mix of patients receiving intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), endovascular therapy, as well as those who did not receive definitive reperfusion therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Gadolinium is retained for months or years in brain, bone, and other organs. (nih.gov)
  • Gadolinium is highly toxic and the accumulation of gadolinium in the brain has become a concern. (handwiki.org)
  • To ensure volunteers who have renal failure do not undergo a GBCA imaging study, all volunteers who will receive Gadolinium based contrast agents will have a serum Creatinine obtained within one week of the MRI examination. (nih.gov)
  • This test uses an intravenous radiographic contrast agent. (cadth.ca)
  • IVU (sometimes called IVP, for intravenous pyelography) has been largely superseded by rapid multidimensional CT and MRI with or without a contrast agent. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The agent is a prolonged circulating gadolinium containing macromolecule that consists of a monomethoxy ether of polyethylene glycol attached to poly L lysine?Gd DTPA. (alksignaling.com)
  • Comparison of the superparamagnetic iron oxide resovist versus gadolinium-DTPA in the same patient. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Liver tumors: comparison of MR imaging with Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-DTPA. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Detection of hepatocellular carcinoma arising in cirrhotic livers: comparison of gadolinium- and ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging. (nih.gov)