Neuro-oncology is the study of brain and spinal cord neoplasms, many of which are (at least eventually) very dangerous and life-threatening (astrocytoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, ependymoma, pontine glioma, and brain stem tumors are among the many examples of these). (wikipedia.org)
The previously mentioned tendency of medulloblastoma to spread via CSF pathways can lead to diffuse "sugar coating" of the subarachnoid space and to nodular growths along the spinal cord or even ventricular surfaces. (medscape.com)
They can present as large tumors occupying contiguous cerebral lobes or as primary pineal, brainstem, or spinal cord tumors. (medlink.com)
Ependymomas are the most common primary tumor of the spinal cord (especially in adults) and the third most common pediatric CNS tumor. (medscape.com)
In general, most pediatric ependymomas arise intracranially, whereas well over one half of adult ependymomas arise from the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
MRI performed during diagnostic work up revealed a bulky mass with cystic component extending from medulla into cervical spinal cord to C5 and dislocating the pons, the floor of the IV ventricle, the cerebellar vermis and tonsils (Figure 1 A). As gross total resection (GTR) was not considered feasible, surgical decompression and a biopsy of the exophitic portion of the lesion were performed revealing a LGG with features compatible with PA. (biomedcentral.com)
Sagittal T1-weighted postcontrast (middle right) and T2-weighted (bottom) images demonstrate enhancing, expansile, centrally located intramedullary lesions within the spinal cord compatible with ependymomas in this patient with NF2. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
Although most of them involve the frontal and frontotemporal cortex, a small proportion of them are seen in the ventricular walls (1-10%), cerebellum and exceedingly rarely within the brainstem, spinal cord and leptomeninges. (blogspot.com)
Malignant2
In these cases, untreated survival usually amounts to only a few months, and survival with current radiation and chemotherapy treatments may extend that time from around a year to a year and a half, possibly two or more, depending on the patient's condition, immune function, treatments used, and the specific type of malignant brain neoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
Brain tumors may be congenital in children younger than 3 years of age and range from benign complex lesions to highly malignant neoplasms. (medlink.com)
Brainstem1
The neoplasm can also invade adjacent brainstem structures, including the cardiorespiratory centers of the fourth ventricular floor. (medscape.com)
Tumors2
Choroid plexus neoplasms are rare, intraventricular, primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors derived from choroid plexus epithelium that are seen predominantly in children. (medscape.com)
[ 2 , 3 ] In adults, they account for less than 1% of primary intracranial neoplasms, whereas choroid plexus tumors represent up to 5% of pediatric brain tumors, and up to 20% of those arising in children aged 1 year and younger. (medscape.com)
Lesions1
the first peak incidence occurs around age 5-6 years when infratentorial lesions predominate, and a second, later peak occurs in the third and fourth decades, at which time spinal examples are most common. (medscape.com)
Hydrocephalus1
Choroid plexus neoplasms can produce hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure by a number of mechanisms, including obstruction of normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, overproduction of CSF by the tumor itself, local expansion of the ventricles, or spontaneous hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
Pathology1
Pathology showed a glioneuronal neoplasm with vague neurocytic rosettes and loose perivascular pseudorosettes. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Tumor1
This group of neoplasms includes the following tumor categories: subependymoma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade I), myxopapillary ependymoma (WHO grade I), ependymoma (WHO grade II), and anaplastic ependymoma (WHO grade III). (medscape.com)
Ependymomas1
[ 8 ] This may well explain why phenotypically identical ependymomas from supratentorial, posterior fossa, and spinal locations may exhibit notably different clinical behaviors. (medscape.com)
Arise2
The vast majority of choroid plexus neoplasms arise within the ventricles. (medscape.com)
Lymphomas are usually arise in the mesentery, but can originate in the axillary and cervical lymph nodes the tumours are frequently lymphoid but in older hamsters lymphoma are most commonly observed neoplasms of haematopoietic system. (vin.com)
Common1
The third ventricle is the least common intraventricular location for choroid plexus neoplasms, irrespective of patient age. (medscape.com)
Cases2
The overall annual incidence of choroid plexus neoplasms for all ages is 0.3 cases per million. (medscape.com)
16 ] The remaining reported cases were spinal (1) or occurred in more than one location (3). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Potential2
To evaluate intratumoral biomarkers, intratumoral cell populations, and distribution, identify potential biomarkers that correlate with response to therapy based on individual therapies. (survivornet.com)
The potential role of systemic buffers in reducing intratumoral extracellular pH and acid-mediated invasion , Cancer Res. (kreftfri.no)
Necrosis2
Heterogeneous enhancement from intratumoral cysts or necrosis can also be observed. (medscape.com)
Alternatively, intratumoral cysts develop within the tumor itself and are usually the result of intratumoral necrosis. (medscape.com)
Cysts1
Because of the common occurrence of peritumoral cysts with CNS neoplasms and the morbidity associated with them, advanced imaging, histological, and molecular techniques have been used to determine the mechanism underlying cyst formation and propagation. (medscape.com)
Cerebral1
1. Clinical-MRI radiomics enables the prediction of preoperative cerebral spinal fluid dissemination in children with medulloblastoma. (nih.gov)
Predict1
2. Radiomic nomogram based on MRI to predict grade of branching type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: a multicenter study. (nih.gov)