AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation Science
MucinsMucin-3Mucin-2Gastric MucinsBird Fancier's LungMethylurea CompoundsIntestinesIntestinal MucosaIntestine, SmallGoblet CellsNeuraminic AcidsPronaseCarbohydratesPolystyrenesBacterial AdhesionYersinia enterocoliticaLectinsColonOligosaccharidesMolecular Sequence DataAmino Acid SequenceCystic FibrosisBase SequenceMucin-5BAmino AcidsCloning, MolecularMucin-1RabbitsMucin-4Mucin-6
MucosaMicrobiotaGlycoproteinsMUC2PermeabilityBacteriaGlycosylationGlycoproteinTractGene expressionTrefoilExpressionGlycansMucus layerMiceEpitheliumMucinous adenocarcinomaHomeostasisGlycosidasesBileIntegrityAdenocarcinomaLumenAkkermansiaMeconiumCryptsCellsSecretoryHumansSmallEimeriaPathologicalHumanRegulationSwineDisulfideBarrierBreakdownCrohn's
Mucosa9
  • In particular, the study focused on the effect of these phytogenic compounds on the gut condition by analyzing the transcriptomic profiling (microarray analysis) and histological structure of the intestinal mucosa, as well as the histochemical properties of mucins stored in goblet cells. (nih.gov)
  • Structural and immunochemical identification of Le(a), Le(b), H type 1, and related glycolipids in small intestinal mucosa of a group O Le(a-b-) nonsecretor. (kegg.jp)
  • Coordinated localisation of mucins and trefoil peptides in the ulcer associated cell lineage and the gastrointestinal mucosa. (embl.de)
  • Coordinated localisation of trefoil peptides and mucins in UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia suggests they may assist each others' functions in protection and repair of gastrointestinal mucosa. (embl.de)
  • The trefoil peptide intestinal trefoil factor (ITF) plays a critical role in the protection of colonic mucosa and is essential to restitution after epithelial damage. (embl.de)
  • Loss of intestinal mucosa integrity is an important factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Stress CL-84T was among eight strains isolated through the characterization of mucosa-associated and mucin-degrading micro-organisms in the swine digestive tract. (woofahs.com)
  • Mucosa was formalin fixed, embedded in paraffin wax, and sections were stained with periodic acid‐Schiff stain for mucin. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • Microencapsulated and uncoated butyric acid as alternative additives to the regeneration of intestinal mucosa in broilers challenged with Eimeria spp. (ncsu.edu)
Microbiota11
  • However, the correlation between malaria intestinal pathology and intestinal microbiota has not been investigated. (nature.com)
  • These results indicate that the severity of cerebral and intestinal pathology coincides with the degree of alteration in microbiota. (nature.com)
  • This is the first report demonstrating that malaria affects intestinal microbiota and causes dysbiosis. (nature.com)
  • Thus, it can modulate the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, which might potentially enhance the health of the host organism[ 5 , 6 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • An array of chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota and a breakdown in the normally mutually beneficial host-microbiota relationship. (nature.com)
  • The link between elevated microbiota flagellin levels and intestinal inflammation is thought to involve flagellin's ability to activate pro-inflammatory gene expression via TLR5 and the NLRC4 inflammasome. (nature.com)
  • The thick intestinal mucus layer, especially in the colon, is the key barrier between the contents of the lumen and the epithelial cells, providing protection against infiltration by the microbiota as well potential pathogens. (biorxiv.org)
  • The upper layer of the colonic mucus is a niche for a subset of the microbiota which utilise the mucin glycoproteins as a nutrient source and mucin grazing by the microbiota appears to play a key role in maintaining barrier function as well as community stability. (biorxiv.org)
  • The data suggest a new paradigm for mucin breakdown by the microbiota and the endo-mucinases provide a potential tool to explore changes that occur in mucin structure in intestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. (biorxiv.org)
  • Moreover, a recent study using NOD mice suggested that the development of type 1 diabetes can be prevented through modulation of the intestinal microbiota [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Modulation of intestinal microbiota, morphology and mucin composition by dietary insect meal inclusion in free-range chickens. (bvsalud.org)
Glycoproteins3
  • The histological analysis showed that the MPLE dietary supplementation promoted an increase in the number of intestinal goblet cells and modified the composition of mucins' glycoproteins stored in goblet cells, with an increase in the staining intensity of neutral mucins, as well as in mucins rich in carboxylated and weakly sulfated glycoconjugates, particularly those rich in sialic acid residues. (nih.gov)
  • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides and the chromosome 11p15.5 mucin glycoproteins are expressed and secreted in a site specific fashion along the length of the gastrointestinal tract. (embl.de)
  • Composite diagram of proposed structures for typical branched oligosaccharides in human 223 and pig 219 gastric mucin glycoproteins showing the immunodeterminant blood group A and H (- - -) and I (‐ ‐ ‐) saccharide structures. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
MUC21
  • Bei der allelischen Diskriminierung von Mucin Polymorphismen ergab sich für MUC2-V116M (P=0,003) eine statistisch signifikante Assoziation mit Morbus Crohn, während MUC4-A585S (P=0,025) und MUC13-R502S (P=0,0003) mit Colitis ulcerosa assoziiert waren, was eine kausale Rolle der Mucine in der Prädisposition von CED vermuten lässt. (uni-regensburg.de)
Permeability3
  • In the present study, infection of C57BL/6 mice with P . berghei ANKA ( Pb A) caused intestinal pathological changes, such as detachment of epithelia in the small intestines and increased intestinal permeability, which correlated with development with experimental cerebral malaria (ECM). (nature.com)
  • Leaky gut is a colloquial term for increased intestinal permeability or intestinal hyperpermeability. (medscape.com)
  • Intestinal permeability is a pathophysiologic process in the gut with certain risk factors that in some conditions has been shown to precede chronic disease. (medscape.com)
Bacteria8
  • Regulation of the immune system via modulation of intestinal microbes is partially explained by observations that certain bacteria activate specific types of immune cells. (nature.com)
  • The presence of anaerobic bacteria, such as Bacteroides fragilis , suggests communication between the intestinal and urinary tracts. (medscape.com)
  • R torques are mucin degraders that induce an increase in other mucin-using bacteria, which can contribute to gut-barrier compromise. (medscape.com)
  • It consumes mucins and turns them into short-chain fatty acids, which are used to fuel other strains of healthy bacteria. (bodybio.com)
  • Degradation of human intestinal glycosphingolipids by extracellular glycosidases from mucin-degrading bacteria of the human fecal flora. (kegg.jp)
  • Despite the importance of mucin breakdown for gut health, the mechanisms by which gut bacteria access this complex glycoprotein are not well understood. (biorxiv.org)
  • Here we describe the discovery and characterisation of endo-acting family 16 glycoside hydrolases (GH16s) from prominent mucin degrading gut bacteria that specifically target the oligosaccharide side chains of intestinal mucins from both animals and humans. (biorxiv.org)
  • Mucin-degrading bacteria had been isolated on solid basal moderate supplemented with 1? (woofahs.com)
Glycosylation3
  • The team used one of our liquid chromatography columns (Thermo Scientific Hypercarb Porous Graphitic Carbon LC columns) that were packed with particles in combination with mass spectrometric detection (Thermo Scientific LTQ Linear Ion Trap mass spectrometer) to map structural differences in mucin glycosylation to explain C. jejuni tolerance or pathogenicity for chicken and man respectively. (thermofisher.com)
  • It was shown recently that O-glycosylation of the chicken intestinal mucin attenuates adherence and invasion of C. jejuni in a human colorectal cell line in vitro . (thermofisher.com)
  • Study reveals the importance of host glycosylation, particularly GlcNAc-6-O-sulfation on intestinal mucins, in safeguarding against obesity and gut inflammation. (medindia.net)
Glycoprotein1
Tract5
  • The bacterium is abundant throughout the chicken's intestinal tract, so must be somehow connected to the gut tissue. (thermofisher.com)
  • Malaria infections affect the intestinal tract and changes in the intestinal environment appear to influence the pathogenesis of malaria. (nature.com)
  • 2. The presence of mucin in blood, a condition that may occur in metastatic malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract or the ovaries. (wordinfo.info)
  • A novel anaerobic, mesophilic, amino-acid-fermenting bacterium, specified strain CL-84T, was isolated from your swine intestinal tract on mucin-based press. (woofahs.com)
  • Fetuses with CF have abnormal development of the pancreas and intestinal tract. (medscape.com)
Gene expression2
  • C) Heat map based on log (2 -∆∆Ct ) comparing gene expression levels for markers of differentiated small intestinal epithelial cells between undifferentiated and 4-day differentiated HIE monolayers. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSIONS: The UACL has a unique profile of mucin gene expression. (embl.de)
Trefoil5
  • Evidence for coexpression of mucins and trefoil peptides has been suggested in numerous gastrointestinal mucosal pathologies. (embl.de)
  • We tested the hypothesis that individual trefoil peptides are uniquely localised with specific mucins in the UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia. (embl.de)
  • Colocalisation of mucins and trefoil peptides was demonstrated by immunofluorescent colabelling in UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia. (embl.de)
  • Distinct pathways of cell migration and antiapoptotic response to epithelial injury: structure-function analysis of human intestinal trefoil factor. (embl.de)
  • The intestinal epithelial cell layer mediates selective protection against luminal contents by forming junctional complexes and releasing protective components like phospholipids, mucins, trefoil factor proteins, defensins, and secretory dimeric immunglobulins. (uni-regensburg.de)
Expression8
  • It has also been demonstrated that Brachyspira creates an environment which is favorable to its locomotion by upregulating mucin expression: it creates its own niche. (wikipedia.org)
  • Several studies have reported conflicting and inconclusive results concerning the clinical relevance of mucin expression in gastric carcinoma. (bmj.com)
  • This study investigated the correlations between aberrant expression of mucins in gastric carcinoma and patient clinicopathological features. (bmj.com)
  • Aberrant (upregulated) expression of the MUC1 mucin has been seen in breast carcinomas and other neoplasms, such as colon and pancreatic cancers. (bmj.com)
  • 1, 2 Most studies of MUC1 expression in breast carcinomas have shown that increased membrane MUC1 mucin expression on the apical cell surface is associated with a better prognosis (reviewed in Rahn and colleagues 2 ), whereas circumferential staining in tumour cell cytoplasm is associated with a worse prognosis. (bmj.com)
  • Pretreatment with HMW sodium alginate or LMW sodium alginate before indomethacin administration improved ulceration and the resultant intestinal shortening was associated with reduced histological severity of mucosal injury and ameliorated mRNA expression of inflammation-related molecules in the small intestine. (medsci.org)
  • METHODS: Expression of mucin genes in the UACL from small bowel tissue of patients with Crohn's disease was detected by in situ hybridisation, and localisation of the products by immunohistochemistry. (embl.de)
  • Im intestinalen LS174T Zellkulturmodell führten Stimulationen mit den Zytokinen Tumor Nekrose Faktor alpha (TNFa) und Transformierender Wachstumsfaktor beta (TGFb) zu einer Induktion der Mucin Expression, die durch die beiden NFkB Hemmer Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) und Carbobenzoxy-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucinal (MG132) verhindert werden konnte. (uni-regensburg.de)
Glycans2
  • bring some light to this mystery with the analysis of chicken intestinal mucin glycans. (thermofisher.com)
  • And as it turned out, it might be all related to gut mucin O-glycans and sulphation! (thermofisher.com)
Mucus layer1
  • Instead, Akkermansia muciniphila eats the mucus layer that covers the intestinal cells (that's where "mucus loving" comes in! (bodybio.com)
Mice8
  • By contrast, BALB/c mice are resistant to ECM and exhibit milder intestinal pathology and dysbiosis. (nature.com)
  • We also found that mice infected with the rodent malaria parasite P. yoelii 17XNL succumbed to otherwise non-lethal infection when mice were co-infected with an intestinal helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus 10 . (nature.com)
  • Horibe S, Tanahashi T, Kawauchi S, Mizuno S, Rikitake Y. Preventative Effects of Sodium Alginate on Indomethacin-induced Small-intestinal Injury in Mice. (medsci.org)
  • Among intestinal epithelial lymphocytes, the major CD8 + T cell populations present in mice are conserved but there is a population of TCRγδ CD8αβ cells in the chicken that is not found in rodents. (southernbiotech.com)
  • These nutrients also increase in faeces from antibiotic-treated mice and decrease following intestinal colonisation with carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • In mice, intestinal-specific Pcdh20 knockout causes defects in enterocyte proliferation and differentiation, while causing morphological abnormalities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By administering a selective ATF6 activator, the impairment of intestinal barrier integrity and dysregulation of CHOP/β-catenin/p-p120-catenin pathway was reversed in Pcdh20 -ablated mice with colitis and PCDH20 -deficient colonic cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specifically, the loss of PCDH20 impairs intestinal barrier function by unzipping adherens junctions in mice with colitis via targeting the ATF6/CHOP/β-catenin/p120-catenin axis. (biomedcentral.com)
Epithelium2
  • The integration of transcriptomic and histological results showed that the evaluated MPLE from sage and lemon verbena is responsible for the maintenance of intestinal health, supporting gut homeostasis and increasing the integrity of the intestinal epithelium, which suggests that this phytogenic may be considered as a promising sustainable functional additive for aquafeeds. (nih.gov)
  • Pathologically, they are lined by mucin secreting cuboidal or columnar epithelium of the intestinal or respiratory type. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Mucinous adenocarcinoma4
  • Primary adenocarcinomas of the vulva are rare and especially the villoglandular mucinous adenocarcinoma of intestinal type is rare variant of vulvar adenocarcinoma. (hindawi.com)
  • In the 4th edition of WHO classification of tumors of female reproductive organs, primary villoglandular mucinous adenocarcinoma is defined as a primary invasive glandular epithelial tumor of intestinal type and the synonyms are cloacogenic carcinoma or cloacogenic adenocarcinoma [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In the published articles [ 2 ], intestinal type mucinous adenocarcinoma was also taken as a synonymous with villoglandular mucinous adenocarcinoma. (hindawi.com)
  • 2 Diagnosis of small cell (neuroendocrine) or mucinous adenocarcinoma of cervical cancer (ie, mucinous NOS, intestinal type, signet ring cell type, invasive stratified mucin producing carcinoma and gastric type) based on 2020 WHO classification of cervical cancer. (who.int)
Homeostasis2
  • PCDH20 is an essential factor in maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis and barrier integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we describe a critical role for PCDH20 in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Glycosidases1
  • The current model for mucin degradation involves exclusively exo-acting glycosidases that sequentially trim monosaccharides from the termini of the glycan chains to eventually allow access to the mucin peptide backbone by proteases. (biorxiv.org)
Bile1
  • Secreted by the liver, bile is composed largely of bile salts, bile pigments and small amounts of organic materials such as cholesterol, lecithin, fatty acid and mucin. (cdc.gov)
Integrity3
  • In general, mucins have the unique function of protecting and lubricating epithelial surfaces, but in recent years they have also been implicated in additional diverse roles, such as growth, fetal development, epithelial renewal and differentiation, epithelial integrity, carcinogenesis, and metastasis. (bmj.com)
  • It is involved in the synthesis of mucin, a protein supporting intestinal function and integrity. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Destruction of intestinal barrier integrity is one of the first phases of CD pathogenesis [ 2 ], while its repair is the final, yet most important, phase of mucosal healing in CD treatment [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Adenocarcinoma1
  • To define the incidence and characteristics of Lynch syndrome-related small-intestinal adenocarcinomas, meticulous familial and clinical histories were obtained from 195 patients with small-intestinal adenocarcinoma, and MMR protein immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability, MLH1 methylation, and germline mutational analyses were performed. (oncotarget.com)
Lumen2
  • Expulsion of meconium from the intestinal lumen into the amniotic cavity is a consequence of increased intestinal peristalsis and of anal sphincter relaxation resulting from vagal stimulation [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • An antibody present on a mucous surface, as of the bronchial tree or in the intestinal lumen. (wordinfo.info)
Akkermansia1
  • We already mentioned that Akkermansia muciniphila doesn't eat fiber - and its relationship with the intestinal mucus lining is extremely unique. (bodybio.com)
Meconium2
  • Meconium is composed of desquamated cells from the intestine and skin, gastrointestinal mucin, lanugo hair, fatty material from the vernix caseosa, amniotic fluid, and intestinal secretions. (hindawi.com)
  • Meconium ileus is among the most common causes of intestinal obstruction in the newborn, accounting for 9-33% of neonatal intestinal obstructions. (medscape.com)
Crypts1
  • Intestinal-specific deletion of Pcdh20 damages epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation and causes morphological changes, including shortened crypts and microvilli. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells3
  • The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
  • The apical junctional complex comprises tight junctions, adhesion junctions, and desmosomes, which seal adjacent cells, regulate paracellular transportation, and maintain intestinal barrier function, acting as a dynamic mechanical barrier [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, the development of with food (in particular dietary fibre, comprising more than 100 trillion mi- molecular tools and subsequently of enabling energy harvest from oth- crobes living in the intestines, the next-generation sequencing enabled erwise indigestible dietary com- mouth, the skin, the vagina, and the richness of the intestinal ecosys- pounds), interacting with cells (in- elsewhere in the body. (who.int)
Secretory1
  • Epithelial mucins can be classified into two distinct families: secretory (gel forming) and membrane bound. (bmj.com)
Humans1
  • B. pilosicoli colonizes millions of humans worldwide, leading to human intestinal spirochaetosis, a chronic, intermittent watery diarrhea vastly underdiagnosed because of the lack of a simple diagnostic tool for clinicians. (wikipedia.org)
Small5
  • The previously mentioned study had a closer look on chickens and purified epithelial mucins from intestinal sections (large and small intestine, caecum) from healthy animals. (thermofisher.com)
  • A drug to treat NSAID-induced small-intestinal injury (SII) is lacking. (medsci.org)
  • Small-intestinal adenocarcinomas are common initial manifestations of Lynch syndrome. (oncotarget.com)
  • Small-intestinal adenocarcinomas were the first clinical manifestation in 37% (3/8) of Lynch syndrome patients, and second malignancies developed within 5 years in 63% (5/8). (oncotarget.com)
  • A meticulous patient history taking, MMR protein immunolabeling, and germline MMR gene mutational analysis are important for the diagnosis of Lynch syndrome-related small-intestinal adenocarcinomas. (oncotarget.com)
Eimeria1
  • Cellular immune responses, chemokine, and cytokine profiles in Turkey poults following infection with the intestinal parasite Eimeria adenoeides. (southernbiotech.com)
Pathological1
  • Intestinal barrier dysfunction plays a central role in the pathological onset of Crohn's disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Human2
  • When comparing the degree of sulphation between human and chicken it becomes evident that mucin sulphation is significantly more prevalent in chicken. (thermofisher.com)
  • HIE, human intestinal enteroid. (cdc.gov)
Regulation1
  • Diese differentielle Mucin Regulation konnte in einer größeren Zahl an unabhängigen Einzelbiopsien mittels TaqMan real-time RT-PCR bestätigt werden. (uni-regensburg.de)
Swine1
  • B. hyodysenteriae leads to diarrheal disease in growing pigs worldwide, causing the so-called swine dysentery, typhlocolitis or porcine intestinal spirochaetosis, which contributes to major "production losses" in agrobusiness. (wikipedia.org)
Disulfide1
Barrier1
  • suggested that the interaction between the intestinal environment, the barrier function and the immune system are crucial in the onset of type 1 diabetes [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Breakdown1
  • These endo-acting O-glycanases display β1,4-glactosidase activity and in several cases are surface located indicating they are involved in the initial step in mucin breakdown. (biorxiv.org)
Crohn's1
  • In other studies , patients have been found to have asymptomatic intestinal hyperpermeability years before their diagnosis of Crohn's disease. (medscape.com)