Interventions cost benefit analysis. Medical search. Frequent questions

We used outcome data from a randomized work site intervention trial to examine the cost-effectiveness of four cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction programs: health risk assessment (HRA), risk factor education (RFE), behavioral counseling (BC), and behavioral counseling plus incentives (BCI). (nih.gov)
Cost-effectiveness of a ROPS social marketing campaign. (cdc.gov)
By investigating the different intervention strategies and the associated epidemiologic consequences across the globe, our research quantifies the effectiveness of each government policy in suppressing the virus transmission. (cepr.org)
By analysing different policy strategies and comparing the associated infection control outcomes across the globe, our empirical analysis estimates the impact of each policy and finds that centralised quarantine, lockdown, school closure, and mask wearing are particularly effective in mitigating the COVID-19 transmission, ranked by the magnitude of their effectiveness from highest to lowest. (cepr.org)
CBA is related to cost-effectiveness analysis. (wikipedia.org)
He stressed the need to evaluate kaigo yobo programmes - including cost-benefit analysis - to demonstrate their effectiveness and value. (who.int)
Utilizing a rigorous research design, we also examine the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the Deflection Program in addressing substance use and related problems, including criminal activity and opioid-related overdoses and deaths. (arizona.edu)
Hence the need to define a Plan of interventions for healthcare construction and the modernization of technological equipment, which, in accordance with the Commissioner's Plan for the reorganization of the healthcare networks, can guarantee the effectiveness of the diagnostic/therapeutic pathways, improve the results of treatment in volume/outcome terms, reduce passive mobility. (odnako.org)
We recommend that scientists develop such tools whenever they conduct reviews of effectiveness of intervention. (britishecologicalsociety.org)
And their effectiveness can be assessed using cost-benefit analysis (CBA). (devdiscourse.com)
Cost effectiveness -- An economic analysis assessed as a health outcome per cost expended. (cdc.gov)

Cost benefit -- An economic analysis in which all costs and benefits are converted into monetary (dollar) values and results are expressed as dollars of benefit per dollars expended. (cdc.gov)

College Park, MD-8/5/2013 - The LEAP team conducted cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) of four agriculture-related projects in Ethiopia to assess the beneficiary, social, and financial outcomes of the following interventions: Agribusiness and Market Development (AMD), the Livestock Growth Project (LGP), Pastoralists Resiliency Improvement and Market Expansion Project (PRIME), and Graduation with Resilience to Achieve Sustainable Development Project (GRAD). (onlinehome.us)
The CBA models can also be adjusted in order to predict the outcomes of the interventions in different regions of Ethiopia depending on the varying climatic conditions. (onlinehome.us)
A series of scenario analyses suggest that countries may avoid lockdown by imposing school closures, mask wearing and centralised quarantine simultaneously to reach similar COVID-19 infection mitigation outcomes. (cepr.org)
On the other hand, there is an inevitable trade-off between the disease control outcomes and economic consequences, since prolonged government interventions have large downside impact on the overall economic and social well-being, including escalated unemployment rates and business bankruptcies (Coibion et al. (cepr.org)
A recent effort to standardize an evaluation method for kaigo yobo programmes nationally, was outlined, as were case examples of municipalities that showed the impacts of kaigo yobo programmes on health outcomes and healthcare costs. (who.int)
One of the more effective tools for evaluating health outcomes, a systematic review seeks to analyze all published (and unpublished) information on a focused question, using a standardized, transparent approach to evidence analysis. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)

The economic evaluation of the programs focused on the subset of costs most sensitive to the differences between the interventions, and a sensitivity analysis examined some of the relevant cost variations. (nih.gov)
Evaluation of the "Let's Get Organized" group intervention to improve time management: protocol for a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. (oru.se)
These studies collect real-world costs and patient consequences, and then allow an accurate evaluation of value-for-money. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Working collaboratively with partners within a learning network, a thorough analysis is conducted through a realistic evaluation, identifying the specific mechanisms within various contexts that contribute to sustainable paid employment. (who.int)

2020) modified an individual-based simulation model to study the consequence of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce the COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand in the UK and the US. (cepr.org)
Costs associated with overexertion injuries in the healthcare industry were estimated to be $1.7 billion in 2015. (cdc.gov)

To examine whether a vocational intervention - individual placement and support (IPS) - which has been found to be beneficial in populations with chronic schizophrenia, was a useful intervention for those with first-episode psychosis. (cambridge.org)
We conducted a review of case studies that attempted to control aquatic non-indigenous species and used a statistical model to relate the outcome (eradication or non-eradication) to characteristics of the populations and interventions conducted. (britishecologicalsociety.org)

For example, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission must conduct cost-benefit analyses before instituting regulations or deregulations. (wikipedia.org)
Copenhagen Consensus Center is currently seeking researchers or teams of researchers to conduct cost-benefit analyses across various sectors for the Haiti Priorise project. (copenhagenconsensus.com)

Rather, their willingness to pay provided a theoretical foundation on the societal worth or benefit of a project. (wikipedia.org)
Education-earnings linkage for assessing societal benefits of interventions for children and youth in Sweden. (oru.se)

Our research examines 6 major government interventions (i.e. travel restriction, centralised quarantine, mask wearing, lockdown, school closure, and social distancing) imposed by nine countries (i.e. (cepr.org)
Would the United States Benefit from a COVID Lockdown? (ssrn.com)
A lockdown would be indeed optimal and, depending on the assumptions, it should last between two and four weeks and will generate a net benefit of up to $508 billion. (ssrn.com)
A lockdown should last even longer and its net benefit could nearly triple if the more transmissible "U.K. variant" of the virus becomes prevalent in the U.S. in the future. (ssrn.com)

The authors called for more researchers to develop and study more "nudge" interventions, and to include more cost-benefit analyses in all of their evaluations of interventions. (edweek.org)
Economic evaluations at their core seek to measure the "bang for the buck" of different health interventions. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Most economic evaluations involve modelling (a little to a lot) where health effects and related costs are estimated, to arrive at a calculation of value. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)

The Financial Crisis and Developing Countries discusses and analyses regional and country specific impacts of the financial crisis in emerging markets and developing countries, covering all continents. (e-elgar.com)
Evaluating the performance of regulations-through retrospective analysis of their impacts, benefits, and costs-can play a critical role in informing these debates. (theregreview.org)

All were patients of the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) in Melbourne, Australia. (cambridge.org)
Establish which interventions, including those focused on forest conservation, wildlife hunting and trade, and biosecurity around farms, are most effective at spillover prevention. (harvard.edu)
Direct costs -- Costs associated with prevention activities and the health-care system (compare with Indirect costs). (cdc.gov)
Indirect costs -- Costs not directly associated with prevention and health-care activities that accrue to individuals (e.g., loss of time from work), society (e.g., disability payments), or employers (e.g., decreased productivity). (cdc.gov)

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a vast spectrum of unprecedented government interventions. (cepr.org)
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented government interventions have been witnessed throughout the world. (cepr.org)
I estimate that with the promised rate of vaccinations, if no additional non-pharmaceutical interventions are implemented, 156 thousand more lives will be lost, and the future cost of the pandemic will reach nearly one trillion dollars, or 5% of GDP. (ssrn.com)
Previous research by Dr. Bernstein and colleagues found that the costs of preventing the next pandemic-by reducing deforestation and regulating the wildlife trade-are as little as $22 billion a year, 2% of the economic and mortality costs of responding to COVID-19. (harvard.edu)
This commentary looks at the labor market disruptions faced by families with young children (ages 0-5) as a result of child care disruptions from the pandemic-costing these families $13 billion per year in lost income-as well as the broader economic consequences. (tcf.org)

1 2 Although longitudinal and epidemiological studies have yielded varying prevalence rates, a meta-analysis of 59 studies reported a prevalence of 13%, 3 with most cases starting in the first three months postpartum. (bmj.com)
Epidemiological studies and meta-analyses of predictive studies, however, have consistently identified the importance of psychosocial and psychological risk factors 3 6 7 -such as life stress, 3 7 - 9 marital conflict, 3 7 - 10 maternal self esteem, 7 11 and lack of social support. (bmj.com)
2020). In view of the rapidly changing infection situation and widely spreading negative consequences in most economies, it is of utmost importance to investigate which interventions are most successful in controlling the epidemiological dynamics and economic losses, and to what extent. (cepr.org)
To borrow information from panel data collected worldwide and to improve the prediction of epidemiological developments for countries at later stages, in a recent paper (Chen and Qiu 2020), we investigated the impact of government policies on the COVID-19 transmission by incorporating data from nine countries which have various policy intervention strategies and were or are currently the epicenters. (cepr.org)
By understanding the benefits of different combinations of government policies in reducing the transmission rates, our analysis provides an economically affordable government intervention solution to address both epidemiological and economic concerns. (cepr.org)

Retrospective analysis of 2003 administrative data from 42 state Medicaid programs. (ajmc.com)
Input is gathered through (A) interviews with employers, (B) interviews with people with disabilities, and (C) retrospective data analysis using registry data. (who.int)

The Cochrane Review's systematic reviews form one of the more respected sources of objective information (with some caveats ) on the efficacy of different health interventions. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)

In June 2021, the Health Assembly adopted the updated Global technical strategy which, inter alia, mainstreamed problem-solving approaches, stratification by malaria burden and tailoring of interventions. (who.int)
Cost benefit analysis of malaria control and eradication programmes in India / T. J. Ramaiah. (who.int)

There have been two critical reviews of preventive trials 17 18 and one systematic review that examined diverse interventions to reduce "probable depression" in the postnatal period. (bmj.com)
19 However, no systematic review has examined the overall preventive effect of psychosocial and psychological interventions or determined which characteristics are most beneficial. (bmj.com)

At the 6-month follow-up (i.e., the "action" or initiation stage of lifestyle change), the RFE, BC, and BCI interventions produced a significant reduction in cardiovascular risk. (nih.gov)
After the intervention, there was a significant reduction in injuries involving resident handling, workers' compensation costs, and lost work day injuries. (cdc.gov)

Reference Secker, Grove and Seebohm 2 Unemployment is the largest contributor to indirect costs of psychotic illnesses. (cambridge.org)
The initial investment of $158,556 for lifting equipment and worker training was recovered in less than 3 years on the basis of post-intervention savings of $55,000 annually in workers' compensation costs and potentially more quickly if indirect costs (lost wages, cost of hiring and retraining workers, etc.) are considered. (cdc.gov)
Cost-benefit analyses should be performed on policy interventions that are being discussed, with both direct and indirect costs considered as factors. (fairobserver.com)

Highly effective education interventions don't have to cost a lot, in time or money-and researchers should focus more attention on finding small-scale programs that can "nudge" students in the right direction, according to a new treatise in the journal Psychological Science. (edweek.org)
The impact of nudges is often greater, on a cost-adjusted basis, than that of traditional tools," the researchers said. (edweek.org)
Yet researchers led by Katherine Milkman of the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School found that in the United States and other countries, extremely low-cost, short-term programs can provide benefits that add up quickly but are often overlooked. (edweek.org)
The researchers found that the programs varied in their effects but generally produced small benefits. (edweek.org)
World Bank researchers used spatial analysis and econometric techniques to quantify the costs and trade-expansion potential of a network of primary roads connecting all Sub-Saharan capitals and other cities with more than half a million people. (cgdev.org)
Prospective researchers or teams of researchers are expected to estimate the social, economic, and environmental costs and benefits of interventions from the list provided. (copenhagenconsensus.com)

State resources available for over half a billion euros, planned investments of 280 million destined for five interventions and a basic objective: to refurbish the Calabrian public health structures. (odnako.org)

2020) used only the observed death data and proposed a (non-SIR based) Bayesian model to study several intervention effects on 11 European countries. (cepr.org)
Unsurprisingly, the evidence supporting COVID-19-related interventions has evolved over the course of 2020, and public policy has changed as well. (fairobserver.com)

By nature, innovations aimed at systemic transformative change need to transcend evidence-based interventions and therefore the quest for evidence must itself be carefully directed. (elrha.org)

Individualized behavioral counseling was found to be a cost-effective strategy for the initiation and maintenance of CVD risk factor reduction. (nih.gov)
Milkman and colleagues at more than a half-dozen universities and government research groups analyzed behavioral interventions developed in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, and Singapore. (edweek.org)

Study selection All published and unpublished randomised controlled trials of preventive psychosocial or psychological interventions in which the primary or secondary aim was a reduction in the risk of postnatal depression. (bmj.com)
This highly defined form of supported employment has proven, through a number of randomised controlled trials, to be an effective intervention for people with chronic mental illness. (cambridge.org)
The most accurate economic analyses are built into prospective clinical trials. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
The causal effect of these interventions can be identified experimentally using randomised-control trials (RCTs). (devdiscourse.com)

Interventions with only a postnatal component were more beneficial (0.76, 0.58 to 0.98) than interventions that incorporated an antenatal component. (bmj.com)
While interventions with low certainty of net benefit may be beneficial, such interventions nonetheless are only supported by a limited number of studies, studies with methodological flaws or studies that are not generalizable. (fairobserver.com)

We packaged the statistical model in a user-friendly computer program that can be used by managers to (i) rapidly calculate the probability of success of a planned intervention with associated uncertainty, (ii) compare the success probabilities of different possible interventions and (iii) prioritize what information should be collected to increase the reliability of estimates. (britishecologicalsociety.org)
Using a simulation-based out-of-sample approach, predictions are made to understand the benefits of replicating driving behaviour and facilities similar to intersections for non-intersection locations, which could benefit in reducing bicyclist injury severity probabilities. (bvsalud.org)

This column discusses the impact of various interventions on COVID-19 transmission dynamics and the associated economic consequences. (cepr.org)

The IPS group also significantly reduced their reliance on welfare benefits. (cambridge.org)
Generally, accurate cost-benefit analysis identifies choices which increase welfare from a utilitarian perspective. (wikipedia.org)
However, he told the audience that the programmes should not be considered solely a health intervention, but also a "welfare" intervention. (who.int)

Does Military Intervention Work? (project-syndicate.org)
OXFORD - Because peacekeeping initiatives in post-conflict countries are expensive and complex, and because the war in Iraq has undermined rich nations' belief in their likely success, a dispassionate look at the use of military intervention is timely. (project-syndicate.org)

Through interviewing stakeholders, private experts, research institutes, and households, 2 the team collected extensive primary data, which were used to construct CBA models of the proposed interventions. (onlinehome.us)
Optimal has developed Revelo TM - research focused software which performs the Real-Time Framework functions of data collection, analysis and reporting. (onlinehome.us)
Drawing upon decades of experience, RAND provides research services, systematic analysis, and innovative thinking to a global clientele that includes government agencies, foundations, and private-sector firms. (rand.org)
The Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Netherlands, in close collaboration with Bondo University College (BUC), undertook research in Kisumu to design a model for gender and rights aware, cost-effective and sustainable strategies to better match demand (address needs) for and supply of nutritious food in urban areas. (ennonline.net)
This Handbook provides an authoritative overview of current research in the field of cost-benefit analysis and is designed as a starting point for those interested in undertaking advanced research. (e-elgar.com)
This course will provide the fundamentals of statistical analysis as it applies to health care research. (davenport.edu)
NIOSH's research with diverse partners has already made great strides in developing and implementing practical intervention strategies, with further progress expected. (cdc.gov)
Click here to find detailed instructions for the researcher, a researcher handbook which details the methodology and expectations, a research plan template, and the complete list of interventions. (copenhagenconsensus.com)

This series in The Regulatory Review examines the significance of EPA's approach to cost-benefit analysis and offers recommendations on whether and how to improve it. (theregreview.org)

bio-economic models and evidence-based inputs, including cost-benefit analysis to policy development. (edu.au)
A CBA may be used to compare completed or potential courses of action, and to estimate or evaluate the value against the cost of a decision, project, or policy. (wikipedia.org)
Cost-benefit analysis is often used by organizations to appraise the desirability of a given policy. (wikipedia.org)
CBA helps predict whether the benefits of a policy outweigh its costs (and by how much), relative to other alternatives. (wikipedia.org)
The Flood Control Act of 1939 was instrumental in establishing CBA as federal policy, requiring that "the benefits to whomever they accrue [be] in excess of the estimated costs. (wikipedia.org)
Policy interventions can themselves take place ex ante or ex post. (europa.eu)
NIOSH conducted a large field study to determine if an intervention consisting of mechanical equipment to lift physically dependent residents, training on the proper use of the lifts, a safe lifting policy, and a preexisting medical management program would reduce the rate and the associated costs of the resident handling injuries for the nursing personnel in a real world setting. (cdc.gov)
From March to May 2016, Haiti Priorise held 17 sector expert roundtables soliciting interventions from experts representing public, private and international sectors across many challenge areas including: health, education, industrial policy and trade, decentralization and governance. (copenhagenconsensus.com)
But other than in the high-profile cases of Bhutan and New Zealand, most wellbeing public policy is presented by politicians as a dull change in public administration: tweaking outcome measures to be more cognisant of sustainability and mental health and putting a bit less emphasis on cost savings. (devdiscourse.com)

Optimal Analytics' Real-Time Framework is based on rigorous but flexible design and allows for concurrent data collection, analysis and reporting. (onlinehome.us)
After a rigorous vetting process, the best interventions from 700+ proposed at the sector expert roundtables were narrowed down to the 70 most promising ones . (copenhagenconsensus.com)

These systems involve dozens of simultaneous, interlocking interventions that promote a wide variety of goals. (devdiscourse.com)

Now, a recent advance notice of proposed rulemaking (ANPRM) issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has reignited debate over the role of cost-benefit analysis in developing regulations. (theregreview.org)
In its ANPRM, EPA solicited public input on how the agency should define and consider costs and benefits when developing its regulations, with the stated aim of improving consistency and transparency in cost-benefit analysis. (theregreview.org)

The data were compared to the cost of the New York ROPS Social Marketing Campaign to arrive at an associated cost-savings estimate relative to the intervention. (cdc.gov)
The model that is used to estimate the benefits of the training program are as under. (citehr.com)

Other related techniques include cost-utility analysis, risk-benefit analysis, economic impact analysis, fiscal impact analysis, and social return on investment (SROI) analysis. (wikipedia.org)
Launched in 2016, the Haiti Priorise project seeks to identify and prioritize the most effective solutions to the acute social and economic challenges that Haiti faces, essentially targeting solutions that will provide the most social, economic and environmental benefits for each gourde spent. (copenhagenconsensus.com)
It's little wonder that many health professionals look suspiciously at economic analyses: the models are complicated and involve so many variables with subjective inputs that it can be difficult to sort out what the real effects are. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Cost utility -- An economic analysis assessed as a quality-adjusted outcome per net cost expended. (cdc.gov)

Interest groups may attempt to include (or exclude) significant costs in an analysis to influence its outcome. (wikipedia.org)

Rather than trying to create an "arbiter of truth," the proposed regulation wisely limits the intervention to two instruments: harmonising transparency requirements for political advertising and forbidding amplification and targeting based on sensitive data. (lisboncouncil.net)

Dr Yumi Kimura, a PhD researcher at Kyoto University, presented on recommended methods for evaluating kaigo yobo programmes and, specifically, on the utility of the healthy life expectancy indicator for monitoring and evaluating public health interventions. (who.int)

As we proceed with uncertainty, it is important to remember that the costs associated with errors are sometimes not symmetric. (fairobserver.com)

The IDEAS Tool consists of seven planning steps in a scorecard approach that helps front-line employees systematically examine root causes of health/safety problems/issues and develop intervention alternatives. (cdc.gov)

It is very important to evaluate the benefits of the training and be able to put that in terms of numbers. (citehr.com)
We sought to evaluate the costs and benefits of preoperative administration of 1 g of intravenous TXA, without maintenance, in DLS patients undergoing long-segment spinal fusion surgery. (medscimonit.com)

Conclusions Diverse psychosocial or psychological interventions do not significantly reduce the number of women who develop postnatal depression. (bmj.com)
These intervention polices, while heterogeneous across countries and regions, all aim to reduce the population contact rates and thus mitigate the virus transmission. (cepr.org)
An ability to manage accounts receivables, in turn serves to reduce credit carrying costs. (citehr.com)
Scholar argues that federal regulatory interventions are needed to reduce plastic wastes. (theregreview.org)
A case study is presented in which maintenance technicians at a property management firm used the IDEAS Tool to plan and successfully implement multiple interventions to reduce work overload. (cdc.gov)

Cost-benefit analyses of interventions and humanitarian health economics. (elrha.org)
So there's been interest in applying the techniques of systematic reviews to questions of economics, where both costs and effects must be measured. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
The Economics of survival : the role of cost-benefit analysis in environmental decision-making / edited by Yusuf J. Ahmad. (who.int)

However, it can lower cost and improve quality of life in patients at relatively high risk for aneurysm formation and rupture. (medscape.com)

There are only treatments and interventions which have been evaluated to be effective, and those that have not. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)

The only intervention to have a clear preventive effect was intensive postpartum support provided by a health professional (0.68, 0.55 to 0.84). (bmj.com)
For instance, when the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) makes recommendations, it notes that there can be low, moderate or high certainty regarding the net benefit. (fairobserver.com)

Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that higher age, current smoking and lower level of physical activity were significantly associated with uncontrolled DM. (who.int)

Protecting forests and changing agricultural practices are essential, cost-effective actions to prevent pandemics. (harvard.edu)

But unlike some calculations, say those for money market, interest bearing securities, training cost benefit calculations are not always based on fixed rates of return. (citehr.com)

This is likely to result in greater use of data by practitioners, increased reliability of cost-benefit analyses and an overall increase in efficiency in conservation and environmental management. (britishecologicalsociety.org)

Impact of the asymmetry of power between end-users and humanitarian agencies on public health interventions. (elrha.org)
Management may also include impact adaptation without species intervention or environmental restoration after species removal. (springer.com)
A comprehensive business case is then developed for each proposed intervention through analysis of costs/benefits, resources and barriers, and scope of impact. (cdc.gov)

Organisations spend huge amount of money on employee development, it is therefore very important to ascertain the benefits of training. (citehr.com)

Objective To assess the effects of psychosocial and psychological interventions compared with usual antepartum, intrapartum, or postpartum care on the risk of postnatal depression. (bmj.com)
The purpose of this study was to assess the costs associated with the New York ROPS Social Marketing Campaign in relation to the cost of fatalities and injuries averted as a result of the campaign to determine whether cost savings could be demonstrated in the initial years of program implementation. (cdc.gov)

Total Worker Health(TM) (TWH) interventions for improved employee safety, health and wellbeing depend on integrated approaches that involve changes to the workplace or work organisation as well as behavioural or lifestyle changes made by workers. (cdc.gov)

This edited book analyses what traps people in chronic poverty, and what allows them to escape from it, using long-term panel surveys from six Asian and African countries. (e-elgar.com)

That doesn't seem like much, but by comparison, a well-regarded Social Security benefit program that provided a more than $9,000 annual college subsidy only boosted enrollment by .03 students-an effect 40 times smaller. (edweek.org)
1. There are costs incurred towards the training needs analysis, compensation of the training program designers, procurement of training material and various media like the computers, handouts, props, gifts and prizes, audio visuals etc. (citehr.com)
3. Finally there are costs involved is losing a man day of work (for those who are sent for training), travelling, boarding and lodging and training material that cannot be reused in some other training program. (citehr.com)
A participatory systems taxonomy is used to help explain why such a structured approach to intervention planning is needed to create a sustainable program for the continuous improvement of employee safety, health and wellbeing for TWH. (cdc.gov)
Fixed costs -- The portion of total costs of a program incurred even when output is nil, e.g., costs associated with overhead, facilities, and overhead salaries (compare with Variable costs). (cdc.gov)

We discuss the wider use of this framework and the supporting activities required to ensure management is well-targeted, cost-effective and makes best use of limited resources. (springer.com)

A Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) is a uniform methodology to assist agencies in analyzing and documenting potential costs for contracting out services compared to providing the same service if state employees were used. (citehr.com)
EPA recently has taken a historic step to advance the "cost-benefit state," the paradigm in which "government regulation is increasingly assessed by asking whether the benefits of regulation justify the costs of regulation. (theregreview.org)
The plan approved by the commissarial structure certainly does not represent the panacea for all the ills that still afflict the health care of this region, however the new programmatic document - already sent to the Ministry of Health and the State-Regions Conference - of health building interventions could represent (hopefully) a new beginning after years of announcements and broken promises. (odnako.org)

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science1

Health Care11

Effectiveness11

Monetary1

Outcomes6

Evaluation4

Healthcare2

Populations2

Conduct2

Societal2

Lockdown4

Evaluations3

Impacts2

Prevention4

Pandemic5

Epidemiological5

Retrospective2

Efficacy1

Malaria2

Systematic review2

Significant reduction2

Indirect3

Researchers6

Structures1

20202

Systemic1

Behavioral2

Trials4

Beneficial2

Probabilities2

Discusses1

Welfare3

Military intervention2

Research8

Examines1

Policy9

Rigorous2

Promote1

Regulations2

Estimate2

Economic4

Outcome1

Transparency1

Programmes1

Uncertainty1

Examine1

Evaluate2

Reduce5

Economics3

Quality1

Treatments1

Preventive2

Significantly1

Actions1

Securities1

Practitioners1

Impact3

Development1

Assess2

Involve1

Chronic1

Program5

Framework1

State3