Intervention bowel obstruction or intestinal ileus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Complications of bowel obstruction include bowel compromise (ischemia, necrosis, and perforation) and sepsis. (emergencycarebc.ca)
NEC presents with the gas accumulation in the submucosa of the bowel wall and progresses to necrosis leading to perforation of the bowel, peritonitis, and sepsis. (medscape.com)
Multidetector CT (MDCT) scanning has the potential to be an effective and reliable tool in the early identification of chronic gallstone perforation and ileus. (medscape.com)
Introduction: Small-bowel perforation is a rare event but outcomes can be significantly influenced by treatment delay and mechanism of perforation. (ispub.com)
The aim of this study was to investigate the causative factors and outcomes of patients with a small-bowel perforation treated at a rural hospital. (ispub.com)
Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with a small-bowel perforation between September 2004 and September 2009 was performed. (ispub.com)
Results: Thirty-two patients, with median age 44.5 (8-92) were treated for small-bowel perforation. (ispub.com)
In patients with a spontaneous small-bowel perforation, there was no significant difference in outcomes between those treated at a small rural hospital when compared to those treated at a tertiary centre. (ispub.com)
Small-bowel perforation is a rare event that results from a number of different etiological causes. (ispub.com)
This was accomplished by performing a retrospective analysis of all cases of small-bowel perforation treated in our institution. (ispub.com)
Patients who had a clinical diagnosis of a full-thickness bowel wall ischaemia at time of surgery without histological perforation, anastomotic leak following previous operation or pneumoperitoneum without a documented source were all excluded from this review. (ispub.com)
Necrosis can make it easier for the bowel to tear and leak also known as bowel perforation. (nursestudy.net)
It usually results from bowel perforation. (nursestudy.net)
Choice A is incorrect because administration of barium could worsen bowel obstruction and can induce barium peritonitis in the setting of bowel perforation. (csccm.org.cn)
4 , 5 Rarely, an impacted gallstone can cause intestinal perforation. (csccm.org.cn)
The patient was assumed to have a post-colonoscopic perforation with a resulting ileus. (biomedcentral.com)
Limitations: Case Reports) discovered 49 reports of splenic injury, 14 cases of appendicitis, 10 cases of ischaemic colitis, 5 cases of small bowel perforation, 3 cases of cholecystitis, 3 cases of portal pyaemia, 2 cases of small bowel arterial thrombosis, 1 case of pancreatitis and 1 case of a ruptured iliac aneurysm following colonoscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
Subsequently, a study by Sharma et al documented the use of ERAS in emergency settings in patients with perforation and intestinal obstruction and found it to be safe and feasible. (medscape.com)
If necrosis progresses to all layers of the bowel, perforation is inevitable. (dermatologyadvisor.com)
Motegrity is also contraindicated in patients with intestinal perforation or obstruction due to structural or functional disorder of the gut wall, obstructive ileus, severe inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and toxic megacolon/megarectum. (medicalcases.eu)

With respect to location, the distribution of small and large bowel obstructions is estimated to be 75% and 25% of cases, respectively. (emergencycarebc.ca)
Cases reported in the large bowel are commonly related to cancer. (nursestudy.net)
During counterclockwise rotation, the small bowel was placed in the right side of the abdomen with the large bowel moved to the left abdomen. (springeropen.com)
Intraoperative X-ray revealed the capsule inside the large bowel, indicating capsule passage through the stricture. (gastrores.org)

Adhesions are the most common cause of intestinal obstruction, accounting for more than half of all cases. (basicmedicalkey.com)
In the United States and Western Europe, the most common causes of mechanical small bowel obstruction are intraperitoneal adhesions, tumors, and incarcerated hernias. (emergencycarebc.ca)
but currently in the Western world, adhesions have become the most frequent cause of adult small bowel obstruction, accounting for 74% of cases in a series by Miller. (dermatologyadvisor.com)
It is true that adhesions do sometimes form to the mesh but these only required re-intervention in 2.5% of cases. (omicsonline.org)
This has been driven by the promise of supplying strength to abdominal wall, spreading tension with minimal side effects from adhesions to bowels. (omicsonline.org)

Cases without distal gas are usually related to duodenal atresia, while high obstruction with distal gas need an upper gastrointestinal series because of the need to distinguish duodenal web, duodenal stenosis and annular pancreas from midgut volvulus, the latter being a surgical emergency. (wikipedia.org)
Examples of closed-loop obstructions are torsion of a loop of small intestine around an adhesive band ( Fig. 49-2 ), incarceration of the bowel in a hernia, volvulus of the cecum or colon, or development of an obstructing carcinoma of the colon with a competent ileocecal valve. (basicmedicalkey.com)
A large colon torsion or small intestinal volvulus which may cause rapid distention of the intestine as well as ischemic injury will cause unrelenting abdominal pain. (dvm360.com)
We describe the first known occurrence in published literature of a wandering liver in an adult individual who also had an intestinal malrotation complicated by a midgut volvulus. (springeropen.com)
Laparoscopic surgery is a viable option in reducing a midgut volvulus and addressing an intestinal malrotation in the presence of a wandering liver. (springeropen.com)
This anomaly is thought to arise in conjunction with a persistent ventral mesentery, which may incite a volvulus of the stomach and bowel [ 2 ]. (springeropen.com)
In this report, we describe the first known presentation of a wandering liver and intestinal malrotation in an adult resulting in acute midgut volvulus. (springeropen.com)
An abdominal CT scan revealed distension of the stomach and small bowel with decompression of the mid-distal ileum and colon as well as a mesenteric volvulus. (springeropen.com)
Mesenteric volvulus illustrating a twisted configuration in the right abdomen with marked small bowel dilatation ( arrow ). (springeropen.com)
A decision was made to proceed with a diagnostic laparoscopy on the basis of a midgut volvulus, intestinal malrotation, and wandering liver on radiologic studies. (springeropen.com)
Bowel necrosis may also result from direct compression of the blood supply, as can be seen with volvulus or with a tight hernia ring. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

BACKGROUND: The term "bacterial translocation" (BT) refers to the migration of bacteria or their products from the gastrointestinal tract to tissues located outside it, and may occur after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. (bvsalud.org)
Gut ischemia may lead to disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier, resulting in bacterial translocation. (bvsalud.org)
Serum lactate (specificity = 42-87%, sensitivity = 90-100% for ischemia in small bowel obstruction. (emergencycarebc.ca)
Blood cultures (metabolic acidosis can occur with bowel ischemia or severe hypovolemia causing hypoperfusion of other organs. (emergencycarebc.ca)
Acute pancreatitis is initiated by premature activation of pancreatic zymogens (inactive enzymes) within the acinar cells, pancreatic ischemia, or pancreatic duct obstruction. (pocketdrugguide.com)

Most commonly, obstruction is classified according to etiology. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Abdominal imaging is required to confirm the diagnosis, identify the location of obstruction, judge whether the obstruction is partial or complete, identify complications related to obstruction, and determine the etiology. (emergencycarebc.ca)
A newborn who vomits bile (spinach-colored emesis) may have ileus from sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis, but proximal intestinal obstruction is a possible etiology. (medscape.com)
Small bowel or colonic atresias may be accompanied by mesenteric defects, since the etiology in these instances is an in utero mesenteric vascular accident. (medscape.com)
The most frequent etiology of bowel obstruction varies by age. (dermatologyadvisor.com)
It is also defined as the hepatic factor interventions involving eating regimen, weight for metabolic syndrome and the most long- reduction and exercise which could decrease the established etiology for international chronic activity and biomarkers of NAFLD in adults. (egyptianjournal.xyz)

Small bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency and needs timely intervention to prevent the development of complications. (qscience.com)
Many patients recover with appropriate intervention although morbidity and mortality increase substantially in patients who develop complications at any time during management 3 . (healthjade.net)
Other predisposing factors are still under discussion, including young age (2-13 years), history of gastrointestinal complications (DIOS, meconium ileus), previous intestinal surgery, HdPE and use of histamine H2-receptor blockers, corticosteroids or recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (dNase). (cfdb.eu)
Fear of mesh related intestinal complications lead to the development of intraperitoneal on lay meshes (IPOM), with anti-adhesive properties [ 7 , 8 ]. (omicsonline.org)

Chatterjee C, Dash S, Gupta S, Ghosh S . Appendiceal knotting causing small bowel strangulation, J. Res. (qscience.com)
Bhandari L, Mohandas P . Appendicitis as a cause of intestinal strangulation: a case report and review. (qscience.com)
Simple obstruction is most often due to adhesion ( A ), groin hernia ( B ), or neoplasm ( C ). The hernia can act as a tourniquet, causing a closed-loop obstruction and strangulation. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Fluid-filled intestinal duplications may, like bulky ovarian cysts or a "floating spleen," twist and cause strangulation obstruction (gut infarction). (medscape.com)
One exception to this is a Richter's hernia, in which strangulation may occur without complete obstruction. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

When signs of peritoneal irritation or frank peritonitis develop, there is a high level of suspicion that the viability of the bowel is compromised. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Bowel compromise, clinical signs of deterioration (fever, leukocytosis, tachycardia, peritonitis) or a surgically correctable cause of bowel obstruction (ie. (emergencycarebc.ca)

Distal small bowel or colonic obstruction: Babies with obstruction at these anatomic levels present with feeding intolerance and abdominal distention. (medscape.com)
Electrohydraulic lithotripsy is a safe and effective method to treat colonic obstruction in the setting of gallstone ileus. (wjgnet.com)

Plain radiographs have a diagnostic pattern: multiple loops of dilated proximal small bowel and an absence of air in the distal colon and rectum. (medscape.com)
Dilatation of the proximal small bowel and multiple large diverticula arising from the duodenum was also evident. (springeropen.com)
The proximal small bowel is normally relatively sterile, but with a high grade or complete obstruction, bacterial overgrowth with anaerobes such as Bacteroides may result in feculent vomiting. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

In cases of meconium ileus or ileal atresia, the colon distal to the obstruction is hypoplastic, usually less than 1 cm in caliber, as development of normal colonic caliber in utero is due to the passage of meconium, which does not occur in either of these conditions. (wikipedia.org)
If, on contrast enema, reflux into the dilated distal small bowel loops can be achieved, the study is both diagnostic and therapeutic, as the ionic contrast medium can dissolve the meconium to allow passage of enteric content into the unused colon. (wikipedia.org)
however, if the obstruction is complete (distended small bowel and collapsed colon), and the patient complains of abdominal pain, intestinal viability is threatened. (medscape.com)
Distal levels of obstruction arise in the distal ileum, ileocecal valve, and proximal colon whereas the most distant or "low" obstructions would arise in regions beyond the transverse colon. (basicmedicalkey.com)
There have been reports of gallstone extraction using various endoscopic modalities to relieve the obstruction, however, to date, there has never been a published case of endoscopic stone extraction from the colon using electrohydraulic lithotripsy. (wjgnet.com)
Gallstone obstruction of the colon is a rare event[ 1 ]. (wjgnet.com)
Low obstructions are defined as occuring in the ileum or colon. (radiologyassistant.nl)
2 In 85% of patients with gallstone ileus, gallstones travel through a cholecystoduodenal fistula into the duodenum, and 15% have a fistula that involves the stomach, small bowel, or transverse colon. (csccm.org.cn)
Gallstones with diameter of 2 cm or greater may cause intestinal obstruction, 1 which occurs most commonly in the ileum (50% to 60.5%) and less frequently in the jejunum, duodenum, colon, or stomach. (csccm.org.cn)
Ogilvie syndrome also known as acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, is a rare acquired disorder that affects the large intestines (colon) characterized by abnormalities affecting the involuntary, rhythmic muscular contractions (peristalsis) within the colon 1 . (healthjade.net)
Dilatation of the bowel is classically confined to the cecum and ascending colon with transition near the splenic flexure. (healthjade.net)
Treatment options for Ogilvie syndrome include supportive therapy with close observation that addresses associated symptoms, medications, decompression (a procedure that reduces pressure within the colon) with uncomplicated Ogilvie syndrome (acute colonic pseudo-obstruction) 2 . (healthjade.net)
Clinical manifestations of FC include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stools, and in some cases partial or complete abdominal obstruction as the result of narrowing or colon strictures. (cfdb.eu)
FC is a complication quite different from constipation (a gradual faecal impaction of the colon) and distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS),a well-recognised complication in CF that may share with FC similar symptoms, e.g. abdominal pain, at least at the onset ( Munck A et al, 2016 ). (cfdb.eu)
While colonoscopies serve as a screening tool for colon cancer in Crohn's disease, screening of small bowel cancer remains a challenge. (gastrores.org)
In addition to being managed with broad-spectrum antibiotics and bowel rest, 1 infant was treated with colon resection and ileostomy, 2 had peritoneal drainage procedures for ascites, and one of those later developed small bowel strictures treated with delayed resection and anastomosis. (aap.org)

It may occur due to a variety of conditions and has an excellent outcome based on timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention. (wikipedia.org)
Once the correct diagnosis is ascertained, the surgeon can decide upon an appropriate intervention. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, a normal appendix causing full-blown small bowel obstruction due to the tourniquet effect on the terminal ileum is exceptionally rare and the diagnosis is often overlooked. (qscience.com)
Plain abdominal radiography is the initial imaging modality of choice to rapidly confirm the diagnosis, followed by contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis to further characterize the obstruction (provided the plain films do not have findings that indicate the need for immediate intervention. (emergencycarebc.ca)
The study found two panels of candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of IBD and the differentiation of IBD subtypes to guide appropriate therapeutic interventions in pediatric patients. (medscape.com)
Findings from a systematic review indicate that CT scanning with Gastrografin may have the best specificity and sensitivity for differentiating between postoperative ileus and other conditions, whereas clinical findings and x-ray studies were of limited value in the differential diagnosis. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Successful management depends on timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention. (medscape.com)
7. Answer - D. A nursing diagnosis is a statement about a patient's actual or potential health problem that is within the scope of independent nursing intervention. (nclexreviewers.com)
The key to the correct diagnosis is recognition that the combination of an ectopic gallstone in the small bowel and a thickened gallbladder wall with intraluminal air adherent to the duodenum is characteristic of a cholecystoenteric fistula. (csccm.org.cn)
1 Ordering magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (choice B) is not recommended because the abdominal CT scan findings confirmed the diagnosis of gallstone ileus. (csccm.org.cn)
1 An abdominal CT scan has a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 100% for the diagnosis of gallstone ileus and is recommended for diagnostic imaging. (csccm.org.cn)
The study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serial monitoring of biochemical inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count) in the postoperative diagnosis of anastomotic leakage or ureteral injury after bowel resection for deep infiltrating endometriosis. (endometriosi.it)
The patient was transferred to our institution with a diagnosis of small bowel obstruction (SBO). (springeropen.com)
The diagnosis of Ogilvie syndrome (acute colonic pseudo-obstruction) is one of exclusion and that more common causes of functional or mechanical bowel dilatation must be investigated. (healthjade.net)

Hence the adage, "Never let the sun set on a patient with intestinal obstruction! (medscape.com)

This work report on an extremely rare case of mechanical small bowel obstruction caused by a normal appendix forming tourniquet around an ileum loop. (qscience.com)
The case is unique in that it is the first report of a mechanical small bowel obstruction caused by an appendiceal tourniquet with normal histopathology. (qscience.com)
Acute mechanical small bowel obstruction accounts for 2-4% of emergency department visits, 15% of hospital admissions, and 20% of emergency surgical interventions for abdominal pain. (emergencycarebc.ca)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide. (peptiko.gr)
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by inflammation of the digestive tract, which can lead to a variety of symptoms including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue. (peptiko.gr)
In this article, we will explore the role of nutrition in managing IBD and highlight some key dietary recommendations for those looking to improve their symptoms and overall health, based on the current (2023) ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (peptiko.gr)
Are there any specific dietetic recommendations, suggesting that diet promotes or protects against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)? (peptiko.gr)
What are the risks and consequences of malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)? (peptiko.gr)
Do patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have different energy requirements compared to the general population? (peptiko.gr)
Is iron supplementation necessary in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)? (peptiko.gr)
What is the role of dietitians and nurses for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)? (peptiko.gr)
In older children (above toddler age), a perianal abscess or fistula may signify an intestinal inflammatory process ( inflammatory bowel disease ). (apsapedsurg.org)
C, Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of non- malnutrition and inflammatory bowel disease as well alcoholic fatty liver disease. (egyptianjournal.xyz)

In order to highlight the pathophysiology, presentation, and natural history, however, it is useful to classify obstruction according to the location of the obstructing lesion. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Inflammatory markers such as interleukins 1 and 6 (IL-1, IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) could help identify early the presence of protracted postoperative ileus. (medscape.com)
While not common, this medication can cause intestinal necrosis, a potentially fatal complication. (pharmacyjoe.com)
Necrosis can occur anywhere in the body including the bowel. (nursestudy.net)
Compromised blood flow to the bowel causing ischemic necrosis is referred to as strangulated obstruction. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

Acute appendicitis is a very rare, uncommon, and unnoticed cause of intestinal obstruction. (qscience.com)
Although functional obstruction due to paralytic ileus is common in acute appendicitis, mechanical obstruction is a fairly uncommon complication of this extremely prevalent disease. (qscience.com)
V. Acute Intestinal Obstruction following Appendicitis. (qscience.com)
In the setting of acute pain and anxiety, patients with intestinal obstruction may swallow excessive amounts of air. (basicmedicalkey.com)
postoperative ileus) or mechanical, partial or complete, and acute or chronic. (emergencycarebc.ca)
Another intervention is required to remove the excess potassium from the patient and provide a definitive solution to acute hyperkalemia. (pharmacyjoe.com)
In this article we will discuss the congenital gastrointestinal obstructions and also some acquired diseases that present as an acute abdomen in the neonate. (radiologyassistant.nl)
Ogilvie syndrome (acute colonic pseudo-obstruction) is most commonly encountered in older adults with multiple underlying comorbidities but may also develop in otherwise healthy patients after traumatic injury or following surgical operation. (healthjade.net)

Abdominal palpation may reveal a mass (intestinal duplication or intussusception). (medscape.com)

It is also important to distinguish between open-loop and closed-loop obstructions. (basicmedicalkey.com)
This almost always occurs in the setting of complete obstruction and is more frequently seen with closed-loop obstructions. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

The absence of ganglion cells, however, causes the opposite effect: aganglionic bowel can only contract, whereas peristalsis demands sequential contraction and relaxation. (medscape.com)
Paralytic ileus is the paralysis or occlusion of the intestines, inhibiting peristalsis or the forward pushing of intestinal contents. (nursestudy.net)
Motegrity, a selective serotonin-4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist, provides a different class of treatment for CIC that works by enhancing colonic peristalsis to increase bowel motility. (medicalcases.eu)

The German Society of Gastroenterology, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (DGVS) recommends obtaining CT scanning before considering endoscopic intervention to differentiate between mechanical obstruction and paralytic ileus/intestinal pseudo-obstruction. (medscape.com)
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction, such as Ogilvie's syndrome, or adynamic ileus, may mimic intestinal obstruction clinically, even though there is no distinct physical obstruction. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

Four out of five cases of paralytic ileus occur in the small intestines. (nursestudy.net)
The prevalence of paralytic ileus is unknown. (nursestudy.net)
In post-operative settings, paralytic ileus is known to last for up to three days. (nursestudy.net)
Paralytic ileus can occur at any age and equally in both men and women. (nursestudy.net)
Gastrointestinal symptoms are the most common manifestation of paralytic ileus. (nursestudy.net)
In general, paralytic ileus can have functional or mechanical causes. (nursestudy.net)
Mechanical paralytic ileus occurs when there is obstruction in the lumen of the bowel, impeding passage of its contents. (nursestudy.net)
This form of paralytic ileus is related to having abdominal or retroperitoneal surgery or lesions. (nursestudy.net)
In some cases of paralytic ileus, treatment may not be needed. (nursestudy.net)

With early intervention, morbidity and mortality of cases of intestinal obstruction is low. (wikipedia.org)
In view of the minimal analysis of this topic in the literature, this study was undertaken to analyse the incidence, patient characteristics, causes, morbidity and mortality associated with the management of small bowel perforations in a rural setting. (ispub.com)

The differential for low obstruction is ileal atresia, meconium ileus, meconium plug syndrome and Hirschsprung disease. (wikipedia.org)
A Gastrografin (diatrizoate) enema is diagnostic and may be therapeutic in babies with meconium ileus or meconium plug syndrome, in which the intestine is obstructed by inspissated intraluminal contents. (medscape.com)

This case demonstrates management of a retained capsule in Crohn's patients and emphasizes the importance of considering small bowel adenocarcinoma in Crohn's patients with obstructive signs. (gastrores.org)
however, in patients with Crohn's disease as compared to the general population, there is over a 60-fold increased risk of small bowel adenocarcinoma [ 1 ]. (gastrores.org)
Small bowel adenocarcinoma is a recognized complication of Crohn's disease [ 2 ]. (gastrores.org)
Further risk factors that predispose Crohn's disease patients to develop cancer include male sex, chronic fistulous disease, and loops of small bowel that are bypassed following surgery [ 3 ]. (gastrores.org)
Adenocarcinoma often develops in the small bowel segments that are involved in Crohn's disease as well as within strictures [ 2 , 4 ]. (gastrores.org)
Other symptoms that may occur as a result of small bowel adenocarcinoma such as bleeding, pain, and bloating are often presumed to be due to a Crohn's flare. (gastrores.org)
Diagnostic imaging such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may miss small lesions and often are unable to differentiate between small bowel adenocarcinoma and severe Crohn's disease [ 2 ]. (gastrores.org)
Seventy percent of small bowel adenocarcinoma in Crohn's patients is found incidentally on pathological examination of resected specimens [ 2 ]. (gastrores.org)

Age, previous abdominal surgery, and chronic preoperative use of narcotics were independently correlated with postoperative ileus. (medscape.com)
Livingston EH, Passaro EP Jr. Postoperative ileus. (medscape.com)
Holte K, Kehlet H. Postoperative ileus: a preventable event. (medscape.com)
Reducing the burden of postoperative ileus: evaluating and implementing an evidence-based strategy. (medscape.com)
Iyer S, Saunders WB, Stemkowski S. Economic burden of postoperative ileus associated with colectomy in the United States. (medscape.com)
Delayed gastric emptying and postoperative ileus after nongastric abdominal surgery: part I. Am J Gastroenterol . (medscape.com)
Delayed gastric emptying and postoperative ileus after nongastric abdominal surgery: part II. (medscape.com)

The surgical management of gallstone ileus is complex and potentially highly morbid. (wjgnet.com)
Gallstone ileus is a mechanical obstruction caused by migration of a gallstone from the gallbladder through a biliary-enteric fistula into the gastrointestinal tract. (csccm.org.cn)
Patients with gallstone ileus typically present with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and distension, which may be intermittent as gallstones pass along the gastrointestinal tract. (csccm.org.cn)
Gallstone ileus represents 1% to 4% of all cases of mechanical gastrointestinal obstruction but accounts for up to 25% of bowel obstruction in patients older than 65 years. (csccm.org.cn)
5 Gallstone ileus occurs most commonly in older patients (mean age, 74 years), 6 and 80% to 90% have multiple medical conditions, 2 including hypertension, diabetes, and ischemic heart disease. (csccm.org.cn)
7 Between 72% and 90% of patients with gallstone ileus are women, 2 and approximately 50% of patients have no history of gallbladder disease. (csccm.org.cn)
Surgical treatment is typically recommended for patients with gallstone ileus because spontaneous resolution of intestinal obstruction is rare. (csccm.org.cn)

The neonatal bowel obstruction is suspected based on polyhydramnios in utero, bilious vomiting, failure to pass meconium in the first day of life, and abdominal distension. (wikipedia.org)
Neonatal bowel obstruction is grouped into two general categories: high, or proximal, obstruction and low, or distal obstruction, both of which are suspected by failure to pass meconium at birth. (wikipedia.org)
Classic clinical signs of neonatal intestinal obstruction are vomiting, abdominal distention, and failure to pass meconium. (medscape.com)
The 4 cardinal signs of intestinal obstruction in newborns are (1) maternal polyhydramnios, (2) bilious emesis, (3) failure to pass meconium in the first day of life, and (4) abdominal distention. (medscape.com)

Most patients with small bowel obstruction will present acutely with an abrupt onset of colicky abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention. (emergencycarebc.ca)
Prior to this presentation, he was under the care of multiple gastrointestinal physicians for diet intolerance, bloating, and intermittent abdominal pain, which was attributed to diverticulosis of the small bowel. (springeropen.com)

Congenital bands can compress and obstruct the intestine, or they can act as a fixed point around which a loop of intestine flips and obstructs both efferent and afferent ends, creating a closed-loop obstruction. (medscape.com)
Congenital intestinal obstruction may also be caused by developmental failure in canalization, creating an intestinal lumen. (medscape.com)
At laparotomy she was discovered to have small bowel obstruction secondary to incarceration through a congenital band adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)

Radiographs in meconium ileus classically demonstrate a bubbly appearance in the right lower quadrant due to a combination of ingested air and meconium. (wikipedia.org)
Plain radiographs show multiple dilated loops of bowel. (medscape.com)
As shown in Table 49-2 , clinical symptoms and signs of obstruction (pain, vomiting, abdominal distention, and gas pattern on abdominal radiographs) vary with the level of obstruction. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Diagnostic Value of Serial Measurement of C-Reactive Protein in the Detection of a Surgical Complication after Laparoscopic Bowel Resection for Endometriosis. (endometriosi.it)

In aganglionic megacolon, Hirschsprung disease, faulty intestinal innervation causes a functional obstruction that is manifested by a transition zone delimiting dilated intestine from intestine of normal caliber. (medscape.com)

Intestinal inflammation. (emergencycarebc.ca)
Inflammation, infections, an unbalanced intestinal flora or food intolerance can trigger the symptoms. (sundt.de)
Inflammation in the small bowel serves as a nidus for cancer development. (gastrores.org)

An open-loop obstruction occurs when intestinal flow is blocked but proximal decompression is possible through vomiting. (basicmedicalkey.com)
A closed-loop obstruction occurs when inflow to the loop of bowel and outflow from the loop are both blocked. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Bowel obstruction occurs when the normal flow of intraluminal contents is interrupted. (emergencycarebc.ca)
[2] It is not a disease and as such it occurs in conjunction with many disease processes, either due to the primary illness or in association with treatment interventions. (wikizero.com)
Dehydration occurs in patients with hypovolemic shock when fluid is moved from the Intracellular Space→ Extracellular Space→ Lumen of the distended Bowel. (dvm360.com)
Pain is usually colicky and poorly localized due to visceral distention of the intestine that occurs as it contracts against an obstruction. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

Neonatal bowel obstruction (NBO) or neonatal intestinal obstruction is the most common surgical emergency in the neonatal period. (wikipedia.org)
Supportive intravenous hydration, gastric decompression, and ventilatory support may be needed due to poor neonatal nutrition resulting from dysfunctional bowel absorption. (wikipedia.org)
Neonatal intestinal obstruction comprises many conditions, as obstruction may occur at any point in the gastrointestinal tract. (medscape.com)
In suspected neonatal obstruction the first step is an abdominal radiograph. (radiologyassistant.nl)

it draws water from the bowel wall in to the lumen - this reduces the bowel wall edema and may help in resolution of the ileus. (medscape.com)
A simple obstruction will usually cause a low grade chronic pain which over time may wax and wane or slowly become worse as the degree of lumen distention increases. (dvm360.com)
In later stages, increased venous pressure in the bowel wall can result in hemorrhage into the lumen, worsening hypovolemia and further increasing intraluminal pressure. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

Intermediate levels of obstruction involve the intestine from the midjejunum to the midileum. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The primary symptoms of a closed-loop obstruction of the small intestine are sudden, severe midabdominal pain and vomiting whereas symptoms of the large intestine are pain and sudden abdominal distention. (basicmedicalkey.com)
In high jejunal atresia, where there is a sizable gap in the mesentery, the distal small bowel may wind around the ileocecal vessels like an "apple peel," and the apical loop of intestine may twist and infarct. (medscape.com)
In these circumstances, prompt surgical intervention is necessary to salvage the intestine and prevent the development of short-gut syndrome. (medscape.com)
Background: An intestinal stoma is a surgical opening of the intestine, mostly sutured to the anterior abdominal wall. (scirp.org)
As the stomach and small intestine proximal to the obstruction dilate, patients experience nausea and vomiting and cease oral intake. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

If contrast cannot be refluxed into the distal small bowel, ileal atresia remains a diagnostic possibility. (wikipedia.org)
Jejunal and ileal atresia are caused by in utero vascular insults, leading to poor recanalization of distal small bowel segments, a condition in which surgical resection and reanastamosis are mandatory. (wikipedia.org)

Opioids and neuroleptic drugs can both cause reduced muscle contractions in the bowels. (nursestudy.net)

Although the signs and symptoms of Ogilvie syndrome mimic those of an intestinal blockage, there is no physical obstruction. (healthjade.net)

Because both limbs (loops) (afferent and efferent) are obstructed, there is no outlet and the bowel becomes massively distended. (medscape.com)
Plain abdominal and chest radiography demonstrated several loops of dilated small bowel in the left upper quadrant but no evidence of free abdominal gas (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Several loops of dilated and oedematous small bowel are visible in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. (biomedcentral.com)

A low obstruction is suspected on plain film, but needs follow up with a gastrografin enema, which itself can be therapeutic. (wikipedia.org)
The purpose of this guideline will be to review the definition, epidemiology, causes of small bowel bleeding, and therapeutic options. (medscape.com)

A 40-year-old male patient presented with clinical manifestations of small bowel obstruction, and the appendiceal tourniquet was discovered to be the cause during laparotomy. (qscience.com)
Shibata Y, Toyoda S, Nimura Y, Miyati M. Patterns of intestinal motility recovery during the early stage following abdominal surgery: clinical and manometric study. (medscape.com)
Although in high obstruction vomiting will be the most striking symptom, whereas in low obstruction this will be constipation, both symptoms are often present concurrently, and the clinical differentiation between a high and a low obstruction is difficult. (radiologyassistant.nl)
Enteral feeding intolerance, septic ileus, and/or complex ascites may represent important clinical corollaries in these patients. (aap.org)

One study found that the absence of passage of flatus (90%) and/or feces (80.6%) and abdominal distension (65.3%) were the most common symptoms and physical exam findings in bowel obstruction, respectively. (emergencycarebc.ca)
When the symptoms are present immediately after birth, the most common cause is a gastrointestinal obstruction. (radiologyassistant.nl)
4,5 Symptoms can range from straining and bloating, to infrequent, or incomplete bowel movements. (medicalcases.eu)

Hernias now account for approximately 10% of all cases of intestinal obstruction. (dermatologyadvisor.com)
Most common are ventral and inguinal hernias, but internal hernias, parastomal, femoral, and obturator hernias may cause obstruction as well. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

in severe cases, gangrene may involve the whole bowel from the rectum to the stomach. (medscape.com)
Hemodialysis is an effective intervention to remove excess potassium from a patient, and although there are not universally agreed upon triggers for initiation of dialysis, it is the preferred option in severe hyperkalemia. (pharmacyjoe.com)
We hypothesize that a dysregulated proinflammatory response associated with severe RSV disease may alter intestinal blood flow and compromise barriers to bacterial translocation. (aap.org)

Note the spiral twist and the partial obstruction. (medscape.com)
A complete obstruction is present if there is no passage of intestinal contents beyond the point of obstruction, whereas a partial obstruction allows for the passage of some contents distal to the obstruction. (dermatologyadvisor.com)

Massive dilatation is seen in complete obstruction and is accompanied by fluid levels on the dorsal decubitus radiograph. (radiologyassistant.nl)

A loop of bowel may be twisted, creating a "closed loop" obstruction (see the image below). (medscape.com)
When a loop of bowel becomes obstructed, intestinal gas and fluid accumulate. (basicmedicalkey.com)

The term OGIB would then be reserved for patients in whom a source of bleeding cannot be identified anywhere in the GI tract and may represent a source of bleeding outside of the small bowel. (medscape.com)

Stasis of luminal content favors bacterial overgrowth, alters intestinal fluid transport properties and motility, and causes variations in intestinal perfusion and lymph flow. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Classification of bowel obstruction includes functional (due to abnormal intestinal physiology, ie. (emergencycarebc.ca)

Confirmation is ultimately by surgical intervention. (wikipedia.org)
All patients with bowel obstruction require admission to the hospital and prompt surgical consultation to determine if immediate surgical intervention is needed. (emergencycarebc.ca)
Six patients were treated conservatively with twenty-six requiring surgical intervention. (ispub.com)
In one study by Proudman (1991) only a small percentage (7%) require surgical intervention. (dvm360.com)
Despite this low percentage of horses that would need surgery we as equine veterinarian are still are challenged as to which cases can be treated with medical therapy alone and which cases need surgical intervention. (dvm360.com)

Maxwell EA , Dugat DR , Waltenburg M , Outcomes of dogs undergoing immediate or delayed surgical treatment for gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction: a retrospective study by the Society of Veterinary Soft Tissue Surgery . (avma.org)

Anatomy17

Diseases72

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment42

Phenomena and Processes4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science1

Named Groups1

Health Care17

Perforation20

Large bowel4

Adhesions5

Volvulus11

Ischemia5

Etiology6

Complications4

Strangulation5

Peritonitis2

Colonic obstruction2

Proximal small bowel3

Colon16

Diagnosis14

Patient with intestinal obstruction1

Mechanical small bowel obstr3

Inflammatory bowel d10

Pathophysiology1

Necrosis4

Acute8

Intussusception1

Closed-loop obstructions2

Peristalsis3

Pseudo-obstruction2

Paralytic9

Morbidity and morta2

Meconium plug syndrome2

Crohn's8

Postoperative ileus7

Gallstone ileus7

Failure to Pass Meconium4

Abdominal pain2

Congenital3

Radiographs3

Complication1

Functional obstruction1

Inflammation3

Occurs6

Neonatal4

Lumen3

Intestine6

Distal small bowel2

Opioids1

Physical obstruction1

Loops3

Therapeutic2

Clinical4

Symptoms3

Hernias2

Severe3

Partial2

Dilatation1

Loop of bowel2

Tract1

Bacterial overgrowth1

Abnormal1

Surgical intervention5

Retrospective1