Interact host cell cos cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Carcinoembryonic antigens (CD66) on epithelial cells and neutrophils are receptors for Opa proteins of pathogenic neisseriae. (ox.ac.uk)
In this study, we have investigated the roles of CD66 expressed on human epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear phagocytes (PMNs) in adhesion mediated via Opa proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
Using human colonic (HT29) and lung (A549) epithelial cell lines known to express CD66 molecules, we show that these receptors are used by meningococci. (ox.ac.uk)
In addition, both CD66a-transfected CHO cells and human epithelial cells were invaded by Opa-expressing meningococci, suggesting that epithelial cell invasion may occur via Opa-CD66 interactions. (ox.ac.uk)
2. Protein Coding and Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Transcriptional Landscape in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Bronchial Epithelial Cells Highlight a Role for Interferon and Inflammatory Response. (nih.gov)
5. Integrative transcriptomics analysis of lung epithelial cells and identification of repurposable drug candidates for COVID-19. (nih.gov)
6. Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein (IFITM3) Is Upregulated Explicitly in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Lung Epithelial Cells. (nih.gov)
The pesticide DDT and the food colorant Red No. 3 were found to increase the growth of HTB 133 but not estrogen receptor (ER) negative human breast cells (HTB 125) or rat liver epithelial cells (RLE). (researchgate.net)
the comet assay in peripheral blood-isolated lymphocytes and mammary epithelial cells was also carried out. (researchgate.net)
Our results suggest that DDT is genotoxic, not only for lymphocytes but also to mammary epithelial cells. (researchgate.net)
It was demonstrated that galectin-1 might mediate Trichomonas vaginalis adherence to human cervical epithelial cells by binding to T. vaginalis lipophosphoglycan (LPG) [ 10 ], and modulate macrophage apoptosis during infection with Trypanosoma cruzi [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
carcinoma A malignant tumour derived from epithelial tissue, which forms the skin and the outer cell layers of internal organs. (fao.org)
aegypti ingest blood from a viremic human and the virus infects midgut epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
Additionally, no adverse effects were observed to the monolayer formed by the Caco-2 and HEC-1A epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)

In humans, the field of transient transformation advanced rapidly during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic with major COVID-19 vaccines using either direct mRNA transfer into human or adenovirus vectors, with the RNA being expressed in the host human to produce spike proteins that induce an immune response. (wikipedia.org)
Transiently transfected cells are often used to study the effects of short-term gene expression, perform RNA interference (RNAi)‑mediated gene silencing, or quickly generate small-scale recombinant proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Mammalian cell expression systems are essential for the transient production of recombinant proteins and their complementary post-translational modifications. (wikipedia.org)
In fact, approximately half of the current commercially available therapeutic proteins are produced in mammalian cells. (wikipedia.org)
When acapsulate bacteria expressing Opa proteins were used, large numbers of bacteria adhered to HT29 and A549 cells. (ox.ac.uk)
To identify Hco-gal-m/f-interacting proteins, a yeast two-hybrid system to detect interactions was used. (biomedcentral.com)
That means at the level of DNA, RNA and their relatives and proteins and small molecules that may be used to signal or to help in the running of a cell. (whatlifeis.info)
The DePamphilis laboratory has recently identified a family of small molecule therapeutics that promote autophagy, a biological process in which cells digest intracellular components, such as proteins, organelles, and pathogens. (nih.gov)
These pathogens can alter specific host cell processes, such as signaling pathways and innate immune response, by translocating effector proteins into the host cell during the course of infection. (nih.gov)
These effector proteins target different cellular pathways and execute their function by mimicking eukaryotic host proteins. (nih.gov)
Legionella pneumophila , the causative agent of Legionnaire's disease, translocates over 300 effector proteins into its host during infection. (nih.gov)
Finally, the relationship between T-cells and latent HSV-1 and VZV infections in TG was analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and in situ analysis for T-cell proteins and latent viral transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
We are now using the E5 protein as a scaffold to construct novel, small transmembrane proteins that modulate cell phenotype and virus replication by interacting with a variety of transmembrane target proteins. (yale.edu)
So far, we have constructed artificial proteins that can drive the formation of human red blood cells and others that block infection by HIV. (yale.edu)
Cloning of the chicken and quail genes encoding the putative receptor for RSV, subgroup A. Although the sequencing of genes encoding this long-sought receptor is not yet complete, it will undoubtedly offer a new perspective on viral-host interactions, the mechanism of early events in the virus life cycle, and the nature of the presumptively polymorphic avian proteins that recognize the several subgroups of RSV. (nih.gov)
Characterization of src mutants with host-dependent and dominant-negative phenotypes that define important functional domains outside the protein-tyrosine kinase domain of sre proteins (15, 16, 17, 18). (nih.gov)

The modulatory effects of rHco-gal-m and TMEM147 on cell proliferation, phagocytosis, nitric oxide production, migration, apoptosis and cytokine mRNA transcription were observed by co-incubation of rHco-gal-m and knockdown of the tmem147 gene. (biomedcentral.com)
Knockdown of the tmem147 gene using RNA interference (RNAi) showed that the interaction of galectin with TMEM147 mainly mediated cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, transcription of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) of goat PBMC. (biomedcentral.com)
Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation , and cell proliferation . (lookformedical.com)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable cancer in which uncontrolled plasma cell proliferation disrupts the bone marrow environment and impairs immune function. (hrb.ie)
Callus culture is used as the basis for organogenic (shoot, root) cultures, cell cultures or proliferation of embryoids. (fao.org)
We also showed that repression of the human papillomavirus oncogenes in cervical carcinoma cells activates endogenous tumor suppressor pathways, resulting in cessation of proliferation and rapid entry into a senescent state. (yale.edu)
The laboratory is interested in determining the mechanism of action of viral oncogenes, with the belief that these studies will provide new insight into signal transduction and the control of cell proliferation. (yale.edu)
as a proto- oncogene, displayed its unusual tissue-restricted potential for cell transformation, showed the dramatic effects of Wnt-1 on mammary cell proliferation in male and female animals, and permitted demonstration of collaborative oncogenic effects with int-2 and other proto-oncogenes. (nih.gov)

However, unlike "stable expression," the foreign DNA does not fuse with the host cell DNA, resulting in the inevitable loss of the vector after several cell replication cycles. (wikipedia.org)
E protein (i.e. small en- velope protein) is present in infected cells, as well as in the viral envelope, and plays a significant role in virus replication [9]. (pdfroom.com)
Some plasmids often used host cells enzyme for replication while some can code for their own special type of enzymes for replication. (microbenotes.com)
As Tat accumulates above the threshold, it leads to the transition from latent state of HIV-1 to active replication in lymphocytes when the protein interacts with the Tat-responsive element (TAR) located in the long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter in the viral DNA [ 9 - 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This work has placed the Wnr-1 proto- oncogene and other members of the Wnt family among genes that affect differentiation and cell growth by cell-cell signalling and has focused attention upon the War receptor(s). (nih.gov)
Mediates signaling for determination of cell fate such as differentiation and survival. (nih.gov)

Moreover, we found that SARS-CoV E protein interacted with Bcl-xL in vitro and endogenous Bcl-xL in vivo and that Bcl- xL interaction with SARS-CoV E protein was mediated by BH3 (Bcl-2 homology domain 3) of Bcl-xL. (pdfroom.com)
The Endo-Lysosomal System of Brain Endothelial Cells Is Influenced by Astrocytes In Vitro. (au.dk)
All animal species studied have been found to metabolize IQ to DNA-reactive products, and cells from human mammary gland and microsomes from human liver have been shown to accomplish these reactions in vitro . (nih.gov)
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. (lookformedical.com)
Likewise, 1A4B-6 inhibited virus growth in vitro at a pre-attachment step after virions were incubated at 37 °C and inhibited virus-mediated cell fusion. (cdc.gov)

Although other cells lines, such as African green monkey kidney (COS) and baby hamster kidney (BHK), can be used for recombinant protein production, the most commonly employed host system in transient expression of mammalian cells involves derivatives of the HEK293 cell line, which is based on the human embryonic kidney cell line established in 1977 by Graham et al. (wikipedia.org)
We use genetic techniques to study the interactions between tumor viruses and their host mammalian cells. (yale.edu)

Organisms interact with their environment at levels from molecules to cells, tissues, and behaviour and over time scales from milliseconds to years. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Copy number refers to the number of plasmid molecules present in a particular bacterial cell. (microbenotes.com)
We can interpret that in terms of their causal relationship with all the other molecules composing a living cell (see our blogpost on that). (whatlifeis.info)
The embodied information acts as formal cause (the constraints) determining the composition and behaviour of the fabricated molecules inside a cell. (whatlifeis.info)
The elaborate system of self regulation found at the heart of every cell has all the appearance of a computer algorithm running on molecules. (whatlifeis.info)
In our studies, we have shown this family of novel small molecules to be effective at reducing mutant huntingtin protein aggregates and improving the survival of cells in an HD cell model system. (nih.gov)
MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)

SR-F1 is now viewed as a multifaceted receptor ( 9 ), which can bind and mediate cell internalization of a wide range of endogenous and exogenous ligands, suggesting key roles in immune responses and tissue homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)

However, mammalian cell systems' slow growth, precise growth requirements, and potential risk of infection by animal viruses present a number of challenges. (wikipedia.org)
3. COVID-19: viral-host interactome analyzed by network based-approach model to study pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (nih.gov)
9. Unravelling host-pathogen interactions: ceRNA network in SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). (nih.gov)
12. Identification of Hub genes associated with infection of three lung cell lines by SARS-CoV-2 with integrated bioinformatics analysis. (nih.gov)
Cytotoxic and helper T-cells are essential to the direct clearance of coronavirus infection, and they enhance humoral immune re- sponses to SARS-CoV [16]. (pdfroom.com)
Virulence plasmids are present in pathogenic bacteria and responsible for causing infection or disease to the host cell. (microbenotes.com)
We are also using genetic and biochemical techniques to determine how tumor viruses enter cells and have identified novel cellular factors required for polyomavirus and papillomavirus infection. (yale.edu)
An incredibly beneficial immune stimulating herb used to increase the activity of cells responsible for fighting infection. (orchardstreet.com.au)
The n-butanol fraction showed a dose-dependent inhibition against HIV-1 NL4.3 infection of the peripheral blood lymphocytes and against HIV-1 BaL (R-5-tropic) as well as two different primary viral isolates of HIV-1 infection of TZM-bl cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The provirus integrated in the host genome may remain in a quiescent state in the resting lymphocytes until basal transcription produces a threshold level of the viral trans-activator protein, Tat. (biomedcentral.com)

Transient expression, more frequently referred to "transient gene expression", is the temporary expression of genes that are expressed for a short time after nucleic acid, most frequently plasmid DNA encoding an expression cassette, has been introduced into eukaryotic cells with a chemical delivery agent like calcium phosphate (CaPi) or polyethyleneimine (PEI). (wikipedia.org)
This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. (lookformedical.com)
The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. (lookformedical.com)

Plasmids are circular DNA molecule which are present independently inside the bacterial cell and has one or more genes. (microbenotes.com)
In genetic engineering antibiotic-resistant gene functions as a selective marker, to find out whether the plasmid is transferred in the bacterial cell. (microbenotes.com)
Conjugation is a process by which bacterial plasmid can be transferred from one cell to another cell. (microbenotes.com)
On the other hand, non-conjugative plasmids are also present in bacterial cells. (microbenotes.com)
A bacterial cell can have several types of plasmids among which different types of conjugative plasmids are also present. (microbenotes.com)
In this case, the transfer process required the compatibility of the plasmids present in a bacterial cell. (microbenotes.com)
Bacteriophages are a group of viruses that used bacterial cells as host and reproduce by infecting bacterial cells. (microbenotes.com)
Mammalian cell lines are most commonly used for recombinant antibody production, although cell lines of bacterial, yeast, or insect origin are also suitable. (cellsignal.com)
Intracellular bacterial pathogens utilize various strategies to infect and replicate within their host. (nih.gov)

A stable THP-1 cell line overexpressing SR-F1 was generated and C1q was shown to bind more strongly to the surface of SR-F1 overexpressing macrophages, with C1q/SR-F1 colocalization observed in some membrane areas. (frontiersin.org)
All membrane-bound splice variants showed receptor activity toward fluorescent AcLDL when expressed transiently in COS-1 cells ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
Immunofluorescence assays showed that TMEM147 was localized to the cell membrane and within the cell membrane in goat PBMC. (biomedcentral.com)
The progeny viruses expressed from the activated viral gene expression are assembled on and budded through the host cell membrane after being processed by the viral encoded enzyme protease [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The present study evaluated genotoxicity produced by the pesticide DDT on systemic and mammary gland cells obtained from adult female Wistar rats. (researchgate.net)

This finding casts a new light on the assembly process and provides new opportunities for targeting retrovirus vectors to host cells and for understanding the determinants of virus entry. (nih.gov)
This viral capsid mediates the ability of AAV vectors to overcome many of the biological barriers of viral transduction-including cell surface receptor binding, endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and unpackaging in the nucleus. (justia.com)

Polarized Trafficking of the Sorting Receptor SorLA in Neurons and MDCK Cells. (au.dk)

In conclusion, we identified an enzyme, which inactivates COs and promotes the AM symbiosis. (bvsalud.org)

Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. (lookformedical.com)

These genes often play an important role in the host bacterium. (microbenotes.com)
After cloning the antibody genes into an expression vector, this is then transfected into an appropriate host cell line for antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)
Two developmental genes that utilize the chromatin remodeling effects of PcGs and PREs are engrailed (en) and invected (inv) . (nih.gov)
The genes en and inv form a co-regulated gene complex containing four strong PREs in the region-two at inv and two at en . (nih.gov)
These data show that chromosomal neighborhood is important for PcG repression and that PREs from flanking genes can regulate en and inv expression. (nih.gov)

As a result, a growing number of mammalian cell lines have been established to serve as hosts for transient recombinant protein production. (wikipedia.org)
Recombinant galectins of male and female Haemonchus contortus (rHco-gal-m/f) have been recognized as significant regulators of the functions of goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (biomedcentral.com)
Biochemical analysis showed that recombinant MtHEXO2 does not cleave LCOs but can degrade COs into N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). (bvsalud.org)
The high number of plasmids helps to incorporate several recombinant DNA into a cell. (microbenotes.com)
Where polyclonal antibodies are purified directly from the serum of the immunized host, and monoclonals are purified from either hybridoma-derived tissue culture supernatant or ascites, recombinant antibodies are instead purified from the tissue culture supernatants of transfected host cell lines. (cellsignal.com)

Deacetylates PARD3 and participates in the regulation of Schwann cell peripheral myelination formation during early postnatal development and during postinjury remyelination. (breadbossri.com)

VZV proteome-wide analysis of ten TG-TCL identified two VZV antigens recognized by CD8 T-cells in two separate subjects. (biomedcentral.com)

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), which is closely related to human T-cell leukemia viruses, is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, the most common neoplastic disease of cattle. (mdpi.com)

MAP3K5/ASK1 is required for the innate immune response, which is essential for host defense against a wide range of pathogens. (nih.gov)

We discovered that the 44-amino acid transmembrane E5 protein of bovine papillomavirus transforms cells to tumorigenicity by binding to and activating the cellular platelet-derived growth factor receptor. (yale.edu)
The E5/PDGF receptor interaction results in growth stimulation and tumorigenic transformation of cells. (yale.edu)

Subsequent studies suggested that parasite galectin might play an important role in host-parasite interactions [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In additional to galectin-1 and galectin-3, other galectins are also involved in host-parasite interactions. (biomedcentral.com)

18. Molecular profiling of immune cell-enriched Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) interacting protein USP13. (nih.gov)
Notwithstanding, the mechanism by which SARS-CoV (SARS coronavirus) induces the death of immune cells remains poorly defined. (pdfroom.com)

Advantages of this method include modularity of broad host-range plasmids of small size through standard molecular biology techniques. (wikipedia.org)

In molecular biology, a vector refers to a DNA molecule that transfers genetic material into another cell and the genetic material gets to incorporate in the cell genome and expressed. (microbenotes.com)

2005 Bcl-xL inhibits T-cell apoptosis induced by. (pdfroom.com)
We hypothesized that SARS-CoV encodes a small envelope E protein that is homologous with MHV E protein, thus inducing T-cell apoptosis. (pdfroom.com)
Our results showed that SARS-CoV E protein induced apoptosis in the transfected Jurkat T-cells, which was amplified to higher apoptosis rates in the absence of growth factors. (pdfroom.com)
These results demonstrate, for the first time, a novel molecular mechanism of T-cell apoptosis that contributes to the SARS-CoV- induced lymphopenia observed in most SARS patients. (pdfroom.com)

While polyclonal antibodies are secreted by many different B cell clones and recognize multiple antigenic epitopes, monoclonals originate from a single B cell clone and are specific for just one epitope. (cellsignal.com)

A) COS-7 cells were transfected with HA tagged WT MFN1 or indicated mutants. (sachecucine.it)

The overwhelming majority of inherited retinal diseases result in the loss of these cells, either directly, such as in dominant mutations that affect rhodopsin protein folding, or indirectly, such as in recessive mutations that affect retinal recycling pathways in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). (justia.com)

A monoclonal antibody, YTH71.3, against the N-terminal domain of CD66, but not 3B10 directed against domains, A1/ B1, inhibited meningococcal adhesion to host cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Neuofascin plays a role in cell adhesion and is thought to be involved in processes such as neurite extension, synaptogenesis and myelination. (antibodiesinc.com)

IQ induces mutations, chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, micronuclei and unscheduled DNA synthesis in various human cells in culture. (nih.gov)

The proposed mechanism finds a prototypical manifestation in two-dimensional magnets, thus broadening the class of materials that can host spontaneous skyrmionic states. (nature.com)
We discovered that the E5 protein employs a unique mechanism to transform cells. (yale.edu)

The majority of transient gene expressions are done with cultivated animal cells. (wikipedia.org)
If stable, long-term gene expression is desired, stable transfection of cells is more useful. (wikipedia.org)
Development of cell culture assays for biological effects of Wni-1 (13) and production of transgenic mice as a model for multistep mammary tumorigenesis involving the Wnt-1 gene (14). (nih.gov)
The present disclosure further provides methods of delivering a gene product to a retinal cell in an individual, and methods of treating ocular disease. (justia.com)

Correspondence with low molecular weight chemicals that results in the priming of chemical-specific, Prof. Dr. Stefan F. Martin, Allergy Research skin-homing CD8+ Tc1/Tc17 and CD4+ Th1/Th17 cells. (cdc.gov)

RNAi-mediated Cav-1 knock-down as well as transfection of a dominant-negative Cav-1 mutant results in a decrease in virus titre in infected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK), a cell line commonly used in basic influenza research as well as in virus vaccine production. (biomedcentral.com)

Typically, the cells are harvested within 1-4 days after successful transfection. (wikipedia.org)

Although VZV-specific T-cells are considered pivotal to control virus reactivation, their protective role at the site of latency remains uncharacterized. (biomedcentral.com)
The aqueous and 50% ethanolic extracts of A. catechu showed IC 50 values of 1.8 ± 0.18 μg/ml and 3.6 ± 0.31 μg/ml, respectively in cell-free virus based assay using TZM-bl cells and HIV-1 NL4.3 (X-4 tropic). (biomedcentral.com)
The present disclosure provides adeno-associated virus (AAV) virions with altered capsid protein, where the AAV virions exhibit greater infectivity of retinal cells, when administered via intravitreal injection, compared to wild-type AAV. (justia.com)

The low presence of VZV- compared to HSV-1-specific CD8 T-cells in human TG suggests that VZV reactive CD8 T-cells play a limited role in maintaining VZV latency. (biomedcentral.com)

The forty-four amino acid BPV E5 protein is the shortest protein known to cause tumorigenic transformation of cells. (yale.edu)

The symposium will bring together speakers who investigate the impact of the environment on organisms and how they adapt to it, from the genomic, cell-biological, developmental, behavioural and evolutionary perspectives. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Increasing SR-F1 negatively modulated the uptake of apoptotic cells. (frontiersin.org)

It has been known for several years that exposure to some xenohormones increases the production of reactive oxygen species, which in turn could inflict structural damage to cell DNA of target organs, as well as to DNA from other systemic cells [4, 5]. (researchgate.net)
We also performed VZV proteome-wide screening of TG-TCL to determine the fine antigenic specificity of VZV reactive T-cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In silico analysis showed that HSV-1/VZV cross reactivity of TG-derived CD8 T-cells reactive with ten previously identified HSV-1 epitopes was unlikely, suggesting that HSV-1/VZV cross-reactive T-cells are not a common feature in dually infected TG. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, transient expression can be a useful tool when aiming to optimize selected parameters before undergoing the time-consuming process of scale-up in stably transfected cells. (wikipedia.org)

Opa protein-expressing pathogenic neisseriae interact with CD66a-transfected COS (African green monkey kidney) and CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells. (ox.ac.uk)

We are studying these dramatic effects on cell behavior to discover new principles of cell cycle control and to develop novel approaches to manipulate these processes and treat cancer. (yale.edu)

however, the transfer of nucleic acids into these cells requires different methods than those with animal cells. (wikipedia.org)

Short-term TG-derived T-cell lines (TG-TCL), generated by mitogenic stimulation of TG-derived T-cells, were probed for HSV-1- and VZV-specific T-cells using flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)

3. Actively dividing non-organized masses of undifferentiated and differentiated cells often developing from injury (wounding) or in tissue culture in the presence of growth regulators. (fao.org)

When choosing between inducing transient or stable expression in cells, time frame and experimental goal must be taken into consideration. (wikipedia.org)
Plant-derived bioproducts show promise of high competitiveness towards traditional mammalian cell expression systems. (wikipedia.org)
Surprisingly, deletion of either the inv or en PREs fails to cause over expression of inv or en . (nih.gov)

Beta-glucans are a naturally occurring structural component of the cell walls of medicinal mushrooms. (orchardstreet.com.au)

Flow cytometry was used to determine the distribution of TMEM147 in T cells, B cells and monocytes in PBMC. (biomedcentral.com)
Flow cytometric analysis revealed that TMEM147 was expressed in all B cells and monocytes in goat PBMC. (biomedcentral.com)
Flow cytometric analysis of COS-7 cells using DNMT1 (D63A6) XP ® Rabbit mAb (PE Conjugate) (solid line) compared to concentration-matched Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP ® Isotype Control (PE Conjugate) #5742 (dashed line). (cellsignal.com)
FIG. 4 depicts GFP + photoreceptor cells per million retinal cells as counted by flow cytometry, following transduction by 7M8 or by 7M8 bearing 4 tyrosine mutations (7m8.4YF). (justia.com)

Further analysis using a high-throughput technique to analyze chromosome organization in the cell shows that these weak PREs, along with PREs in the neighboring regions, interact with each other to maintain the repression and three-dimensional structure of the en/inv domain in the absence of major PREs. (nih.gov)

Traditional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are the product of normal B cell development and genetic recombination. (cellsignal.com)
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. (lookformedical.com)

Given that epigenetic regulation influences development, stem cell regeneration, and even disease, we hope to use this model system to better understand PcG regulation. (nih.gov)

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