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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1InsulinDiabetes ComplicationsReceptor, InsulinDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalHypoglycemic AgentsBlood GlucoseInsulin ResistanceDiabetes, GestationalHemoglobin A, GlycosylatedGlucose Tolerance TestGlucoseIslets of LangerhansRisk FactorsHyperglycemiaObesityInsulin Receptor Substrate ProteinsInsulin, Long-ActingInsulin-Secreting CellsDiabetic AngiopathiesInsulin AntibodiesDiabetic NephropathiesDiabetic NeuropathiesC-PeptideInsulin Infusion SystemsHypoglycemiaFastingGlucose IntoleranceGlucose Clamp TechniqueStreptozocinBody Mass IndexDiabetic RetinopathyDiabetic KetoacidosisPrevalenceInsulin LisproPregnancy in DiabeticsTime FactorsMetforminPrediabetic StateHyperinsulinismSulfonylurea CompoundsInsulin AntagonistsGlucagonHypertensionProinsulinCase-Control StudiesAdipose TissueCardiovascular DiseasesInsulin AspartProspective StudiesBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringCohort StudiesFollow-Up StudiesInsulin, IsophaneBody WeightTriglyceridesBiological MarkersMetabolic Syndrome XLipidsThiazolidinedionesIncidenceRetrospective StudiesDiabetes InsipidusLiverAlbuminuriaTreatment OutcomePregnancyPancreasReference ValuesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Cross-Sectional StudiesBlood PressureDiabetic DietMuscle, SkeletalPostprandial PeriodGlutamate DecarboxylaseFatty Acids, NonesterifiedInsulin, Regular, PorkRisk AssessmentAge FactorsAdiponectinMice, Inbred NODAlloxanInsulinsComorbidityMultivariate AnalysisLeptinGlucose Transporter Type 4Rats, WistarRegression AnalysisAdipocytesSex FactorsDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsInsulin, Regular, HumanHyperlipidemiasUnited StatesHomeostasisSignal Transduction
ResistanceHyperglycemiaTypeHypoglycemiaGestationalSecretionObesityTypes of insulinNIDDMBlood glucose levelsPregnancyAbstractAspartDetemirDaily insulinHuman insulinIDDMCases of diabetesIncidenceTreatmentSensitivityExogenous insulinGlycemicFetalNewly diagnosedDependentTherapyLong-actingReceptorChronicRapid-actingShort-actingDose of insulinMetabolic diseaseSerum insulin
Resistance32
Hyperglycemia9
Type41
  • Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is associated with long-term vascular complications. (nih.gov)
  • Insulin injected subcutaneously is the first-line treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). (medscape.com)
  • Currently, short-acting insulins are less commonly used than the rapid-acting insulins in patients with type 1 DM. (medscape.com)
  • In patients with type 1 DM, they must be used in conjunction with a rapid-acting or short-acting insulin given before meals. (medscape.com)
  • Premixed insulin is usually not recommended in type 1 DM patients, because of their need for frequent adjustments of premeal insulin doses. (medscape.com)
  • Pregnancy in Patients with Type One Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion-Preconception Basal Insulin Dose as a Potential Risk Factor for Fetal Overgrowth? (mdpi.com)
  • To assess the effects of adding GLP-1 analogues to insulin for treatment of adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. (cochrane.org)
  • Yamada T, Mori R, Hosoe J, Shojima N, Kamata R, Ishinohachi K, Yamauchi T, Tanikawa Y, Kadowaki T. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogues as an add-on to insulin for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. (cochrane.org)
  • Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for colorectal adenomas and cancer because of endogenous hyperinsulinemia. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes between the ages of 50 and 80 years who completed full colonoscopies. (aacrjournals.org)
  • A similar trend in insulin exposure was seen among type 2 diabetics with advanced adenomas. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Chronic insulin therapy is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenomas in patients with type 2 diabetes. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are given nutritional education, but the knowledge about their adherence to the food recommendations and associations between dietary intake and metabolic control is poor. (diva-portal.org)
  • The meal content affects the gastric emptying rate and the postprandial glycaemia in healthy adults and adults with type 2 diabetes. (diva-portal.org)
  • A 60-year-old man with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (glycated haemoglobin 11%) had the unusual symptoms of palpitations and sweating after drinking an excessive amount of soft drinks. (bmj.com)
  • Insulin supersensitivity and normoinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia might play a role in clinical manifestation and pathogenesis of type 2 DM. (bmj.com)
  • The studies, performed in 1975 and 1976, found that Nauru had a higher prevalence of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus than Tuvalu. (monash.edu)
  • In Nauruans, 2-h insulin levels at baseline were predictive of impaired glucose tolerance and Type 2 diabetes in 1982, and fasting and 2-h insulin levels predicted development of Type 2 diabetes in 1987. (monash.edu)
  • Hyperinsulinaemia in the presence of normal glucose tolerance is evident in young people in Nauru and Tuvalu, as has been demonstrated in other populations known to have high susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes. (monash.edu)
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, while preexisting type 2 diabetes accounts for 8% of such cases. (medscape.com)
  • The recommendation applies to asymptomatic women with no previous diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. (medscape.com)
  • Consult your doctor before you travel about the quantity and type of your insulin injections. (lufthansa.com)
  • The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has issued guidelines on which type is the best suited for your situation. (rxlist.com)
  • Cardiovascular disease risk is increased in patients with type 1 diabetes. (health.am)
  • However, no data exist about the addition of these agents at the beginning of insulin treatment in type 2 diabetes while this could especially be interesting because it is during this period that considerable residual beta cell function is still present. (biomedcentral.com)
  • however, no data exist about vildagliptin use at the start of insulin treatment in patients with Type 2 DM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most common complication during pregnancy , gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes and result in the mother and infant having a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes after pregnancy . (bvsalud.org)
  • IMPORTANCE The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus are increasing. (wustl.edu)
  • EVIDENCE REVIEW Data sources included PubMed for trials and investigations in type 2 diabetes examining insulin use from January 1998 to April 2014. (wustl.edu)
  • FINDINGS The hemoglobin A1c target for most patients with type 2 diabetes is 7% but needs to be modified when there is increased risk of hypoglycemia, reduced life expectancy, extensive comorbidities, or reduced resources. (wustl.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Insulin can help achieve ideal hemoglobin A1c goals for patients with type 2 diabetes. (wustl.edu)
  • Study purpose: To determine preferential medicinal products for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 in terms of pharmacoeconomic analysis based on comparative cost and efficacy, safety and quality of life ratio between the modern insulin analogues. (pharmacoeconom.com)
  • Out of 29 liver tissue sections examined, 14 had a low level of expression of insulin receptor type 1 by immunohistochemical studies. (who.int)
  • Health care services for severe NCDs such as type 1 diabetes, advanced rheumatic heart disease, and sickle cell disease, are usually provided at tertiary facilities in most countries. (who.int)
  • 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes, advanced rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, severe hypertension and moderate to severe persistent asthma. (who.int)
  • Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are treated with insulin and also benefit from diet and exercise. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody teplizumab can delay progression to symptomatic type 1 diabetes in patients who are presymptomatic and have mild glucose elevations and autoantibodies. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are often initially treated with only diet and exercise. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Insulin is also used in the management of many patients with type 2 diabetes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Insulin replacement in type 1 diabetes should ideally mimic beta-cell function to provide basal and prandial requirements (physiologic replacement or basal-bolus dosing). (msdmanuals.com)
  • This study aimed to characterize patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), at a university hospital, about treatment adherence and family support to treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Hypoglycemia7
Gestational7
Secretion3
  • Five patterns of blood insulin measurement were classified in an attempt to recognize the secretion pattern. (cdc.gov)
  • The insulin secretion rate at 30 minutes after 50 gram glucose administration was assessed. (cdc.gov)
  • Karagiannopoulos, A 2023, ' Answers of big biological data to unsolved diabetes questions - Unveiling causes of impaired β-cell insulin secretion ', Doktor, Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö, Lund. (lu.se)
Obesity1
  • Adipose tissue in obesity becomes refractory to suppression of fat mobilization by insulin, and also to the normal acute stimulatory effect of insulin on activation of lipoprotein lipase (involved in fat storage). (cambridge.org)
Types of insulin3
NIDDM3
  • The present studies were undertaken to determine whether lipolysis was increased in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and, if so, to assess the influence of increased glycerol availability on its conversion to glucose and its contribution to the increased gluconeogenesis found in this condition. (jci.org)
  • As the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) largely depends on self-management, patient compliance and satisfaction, diabetes-specific beliefs and fears need special consideration during medical consultations by means of effective communication. (nivel.nl)
  • Reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and reduced glucose-6-phosphate concentrations in muscle have been found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients when examined during a hyperglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. (ku.dk)
Blood glucose levels1
Pregnancy2
  • Once the diagnosis of diabetes is established in a pregnant woman, continued testing for glycemic control and diabetic complications is indicated for the remainder of the pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • It has been considered inferior to insulin and sometimes to metformin to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes, although metformin has a higher failure rate. (adameetingnews.org)
Abstract1
  • ABSTRACT There is strong epidemiological evidence linking hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and diabetes. (who.int)
Aspart25
Detemir2
Daily insulin1
  • In this small clinical trial (trial registration NTR2022 ) 9 patients were randomized to receive vildagliptin and 6 to receive placebo in addition to start of once daily insulin treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Human insulin5
  • Preparations that contain a mixture of 70% neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin and 30% regular human insulin (eg, Novolin 70/30 and Humulin 70/30) are available, but the fixed ratios of intermediate-acting to rapid-acting insulin may restrict their use. (medscape.com)
  • The therapeutic efficacy of human insulin (recombinant DNA) was compared with that of purified porcine insulin (PPI) in seven male subjects with previously treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In a random crossover design the patients received either PPI or human insulin during one of two consecutive 7-day periods of intensive insulin therapy. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Thus, in previously treated patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, undergoing brief but intensive insulin therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, human insulin is as clinically efficacious as PPI. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Human insulin is a polypeptide hormone originating in the ßeta-cells of the pancreas and serving as a principal regulator for the storage and production of carbohydrates. (cdc.gov)
IDDM1
  • To investigate hypothalamic and/or pituitary abnormalities in women with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and secondary amenorrhea, we measured serum LH every 10 min for 24 h and for 2 additional h after the administration of exogenous GnRH in 8 women with IDDM and amenorrhea and compared these to data from 15 eumenorrheic nondiabetic women. (elsevierpure.com)
Cases of diabetes1
  • Increased numbers of cases of diabetes mellitus have been reported in the rural areas of Japan, stemming mainly from changes in life styles and dietary habits. (cdc.gov)
Incidence4
  • Exogenous insulin therapy has been associated with higher colorectal cancer incidence. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This study aimed to compare plasma insulin concentrations across the age-range from childhood to old age in the populations of Nauru and Tuvalu, and to assess their relationship to the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in young Nauruans. (monash.edu)
  • Infants of mothers with preexisting diabetes mellitus experience double the risk of serious injury at birth, triple the likelihood of cesarean delivery, and quadruple the incidence of newborn intensive care unit (NICU) admission. (medscape.com)
  • A mass survey was begun in 1966 and continued through 1977 to determine the incidence of diabetes mellitus through measurements of urine sugar, 50gGTT and insulin among rural inhabitants engaged in the activity of planting rice. (cdc.gov)
Treatment13
  • Perhaps the largest limitation to the treatment of diabetic cats is the need for insulin injections twice daily lifelong for many animals. (vin.com)
  • Further work is needed prior to the commercialization of such a product, which may be revolutionary in the treatment of feline diabetes. (vin.com)
  • Conclusion The results show that the intervention has almost halved the need for insulin treatment in patients with GDM without any compromise in fetal outcome. (bmj.com)
  • When the insulin dose-response studies during each treatment were compared there were no differences between them. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Adding a DPP4-inhibitor at the beginning of insulin treatment could especially be interesting because it is during this period that considerable residual beta cell function is still present. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intensive insulin therapy is a mode of treatment in which the primary goal is to keep blood sugars as near normal as possible. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Mayo Clinic's campus in Rochester, Minnesota, offers a comprehensive outpatient and inpatient diabetes treatment and education program. (mayoclinic.org)
  • However, existing therapies for GDM remain scant, with the most common being lifestyle intervention and appropriate insulin treatment . (bvsalud.org)
  • Insulin treatment must be individualized, and there are a number of challenges to insulin initiation and intensification. (wustl.edu)
  • A report of a complete medical examination, preferably by a physician who specializes in the treatment of diabetes, will be required. (faa.gov)
  • Therefore, in terms of costutility, when insulins were added to OAD treatment, NovoRapid® is the preferable drug because of the lowest CUR value. (pharmacoeconom.com)
  • Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases account for 70% of the burden of NCDs in the Region.3 The Region also has a high burden of severe NCDs, which are those that result in significant loss of healthy life for affected individuals due to early and high levels of disability and mortality in the absence of treatment. (who.int)
  • The majority were female (N=9), used only insulin pen injector (N=6), performed self-administration of insulin without caregivers supervision (N=8), learned to inject with the parents (N=8) and reported receiving family support for the treatment, especially emotional support and to the diet. (bvsalud.org)
Sensitivity4
  • However, we paradoxically observed increased insulin sensitivity evaluated by a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp (glucose infusion rate: 64.83 μmol/kg/min). (bmj.com)
  • Tissue sensitivity and responsiveness to the study insulins were determined by insulin dose-response studies performed using the euglycemic glucose clamp on days 7 and 14. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, insulin sensitivity and responsiveness, as assessed by dose-response studies during the euglycemic glucose clamp were equivalent for both insulins. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Similar to a previous study, MOTS-c also could activate insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle of GDM mice and elevate glucose uptake in vitro . (bvsalud.org)
Exogenous insulin1
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between exogenous insulin therapy and adenoma formation, accounting for duration of therapy and location and stage of the adenoma. (aacrjournals.org)
Glycemic4
  • Cats were recruited from the University of California Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital and local veterinary clinics who had previously been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and treated for at least two months with good glycemic control. (vin.com)
  • The benefit of such a strategy could be a lower insulin dose required for glycemic control. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To study this, we titrated insulin in all patients to the best achievable degree of glycemic control. (biomedcentral.com)
  • If those measures are not sufficient for glycemic control, patients may be prescribed non- insulin antihyperglycemic medications (eg, injectable glucagon -like peptide-1 [GLP-1] receptor agonists), insulin , or a combination of these medications. (msdmanuals.com)
Fetal1
  • Its ability to directly stimulate fetal beta cells to produce insulin is unknown and long-term offspring data is very limited. (adameetingnews.org)
Newly diagnosed3
  • In newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the mechanisms underlying the concomitant occurrence of magnesium deficiency and normal blood magnesium concentration are unknown. (nih.gov)
  • The renal handling of magnesium was, therefore, studied in 37 children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and in 13 controls. (nih.gov)
  • It is concluded that osmotic diuresis and acidosis increase magnesium excretion in newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. (nih.gov)
Dependent10
Therapy9
  • Foremost amount them is the case of insulin overdose, in which case prolonged antihypoglycemic therapy may be required with such a long-acting drug. (vin.com)
  • Adenoma location was not significantly affected by insulin therapy. (aacrjournals.org)
  • He was successfully treated by diet and exercise therapy without any hypoglycaemic medications or insulin. (bmj.com)
  • Hypoglycemic reactions, the most common complication of insulin therapy. (health.am)
  • The addition of a DDP4-inhibitor to existing insulin therapy reduces HbA1c. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Review more-detailed information on insulin pumps, beginning therapy and more. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Mayo Clinic offers a structured, three-day outpatient class for intensive insulin therapy called the "Diabetes Unit. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Mayo Clinic offers education about insulin pump therapy. (mayoclinic.org)
  • OBJECTIVE To review currently available insulin therapy, as well as evidence on the use, application, initiation, and intensification of insulin in the outpatient setting. (wustl.edu)
Long-acting1
  • This small randomized study did not have sufficient power to detect effects of the addition of vildagliptin to the start of once daily long-acting insulin. (biomedcentral.com)
Receptor2
  • This gene provides instructions for making a protein called an insulin receptor, which is found in many types of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • instead, it results from an abnormality of the immune system that blocks insulin receptor function. (medlineplus.gov)
Chronic1
  • 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and the referral of patients with suspected breast and cervical cancer. (who.int)
Rapid-acting3
Short-acting1
Dose of insulin1
  • On westbound flights across time zones the day gets longer, so you should have an extra meal and dose of insulin. (lufthansa.com)
Metabolic disease1
  • Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by constantly high blood sugar levels. (rxlist.com)
Serum insulin1
  • When 8 units were administered, maximum serum insulin concentration was reached by 12-15 minutes and declined to baseline by about 180 minutes. (medscape.com)