• The genomes of many organisms have been sequenced and various regions have been annotated. (wikipedia.org)
  • A genome sequence is the complete list of the nucleotides (A, C, G, and T for DNA genomes) that make up all the chromosomes of an individual or a species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Repetitive short interspersed elements (SINEs) are retrotransposons ubiquitous in mammalian genomes and are highly informative markers to identify species and phylogenetic associations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Wide distribution of short interspersed elements among eukaryotic genomes. (medecinesciences.org)
  • These results suggest that the shaping of DNA segments in eukaryotic genomes involved the retroposition of repetitive DNA elements in conjunction with simple DNA recombination processes. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Different variants of FISH can be used to retrieve information on genomes from (almost) base pair to whole genomic level, as besides only second and third generation sequencing approaches can do. (frontiersin.org)
  • Both genomes have been completely sequenced [ 17 , 18 ] and serve as the reference sequences for the major monocot and dicot plant lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Their proteins items however have got different sequences and antibodies to 1 usually do not cross-react using the various other (28 29 Although EBV IRs resemble in proportions the brief interspersed elements within eukaryotic genomes whereas brief interspersed elements are usually noncoding and will become retrotransposons there is absolutely no proof for retrotransposition from the EBV tandem repeats. (molecularcircuit.com)
  • The predicted gene products with sequence similarity amongst the eiAU and SSL 2009a phage genomes include things like the putative small tail proteins tail tape mea certain, major tail proteins, major capsid proteins, head morphogenesis, phage terminase tiny subunit, and the phage terminase large subunit. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • Interestingly, other struc tural proteins which includes the host specificity proteins, the tail assembly proteins, and specifically the tail fiber baseplate protein which has become suggested for exclusion in any sequence based mostly phage taxonomy scheme are certainly not shared in between the 2 genomes. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • The above-mentioned ab, of repetitive sequences in plant genomes (up to 99%), makes difficult the application of this technique for, mapping individual plant genes [40]. (centrocardiobogota.com)
  • Repetitive elements contribute a large part of eukaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, about 40 to 50% of human, mouse and rat genomes are repetitive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Completion of eukaryotic genome sequencing projects is a difficult task, due to the large size of the genomes and the abundance of repeats in the genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sequence data now flow copiously, creating the challenges of understanding the information that our genomes contain, and applying the data and analysis to improve human welfare. (cilecenter.org)
  • Sequencing genomes of other species facilitates and extends these goals by revealing general principles of biology. (cilecenter.org)
  • Repetitive elements of an unknown function surprisingly account for the large fractions of our genomes. (cilecenter.org)
  • Like mammalian genomes, the sea urchin genome contains a lot of junk DNA, especially repetitive DNA. (blogspot.com)
  • The first bacterial genome to be sequenced was that of Haemophilus influenzae, completed by a team at The Institute for Genomic Research in 1995. (wikipedia.org)
  • The first genome sequence for an archaeon, Methanococcus jannaschii, was completed in 1996, again by The Institute for Genomic Research. (wikipedia.org)
  • To detect gene rearrangements that lead to oncogenic gene fusions (and to detect mutations and insertions/deletions that lead to MET exon 14 skipping), MSK-IMPACT employs hybrid capture-based enrichment of selected intronic regions from genomic DNA. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Indeed, TEs may cause negative, neutral or positive effects upon insertion, increase genomic instability by chromosomal rearrangements [3] and act as central collaborators in genome-wide regulatory network creation and renewal [4] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • We performed deep genomic DNA sequencing of CD-1 mice and used the data to identify genome-wide SNPs, indels, and germline transposable elements relative to the mm10 reference genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We performed deep genomic DNA (gDNA) sequencing in order to map both the uniform and non-uniform variants of CD-1, including SNPs, insertions and deletions (indels), and germline transposable elements (TEs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Taxonomic classification of those E. ictaluri specific phages must rely on a synthesis of morphological and genomic details, taking into consideration that phage evolution continues to be profoundly directed by lateral gene transfer, and that a rational hierarchical technique of phage classification really should be based within the degree of DNA and protein sequence identity for several genetic loci. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • The general genomic organization of the three new phages is shared by several members in the Siphoviridae loved ones of phages sequenced to date, and is supported through the previously described morphol ogy of these phages. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • Since then, advances in technology have made genomic sequencing cheaper and faster. (cilecenter.org)
  • To study the genomic divergences among hominoids and to estimate the effective population size of the common ancestor of human and chimpanzee we selected 53 autosomal intergenic noncoding DNA segments from the human genome and sequenced them in a human, chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • All targeted genome engineering relies on the introduction of a site-specific double-strand break (DSB) in a pre-determined genomic locus by a rare-cutting DNA endonuclease . (ac.ir)
  • Interestingly, the end points of these deletions coincide with potential insertion sites of Alu family repeats. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • We find that this type of non-canonical fork convergence in fission yeast is prone to trigger deletions between repetitive DNA sequences via a mechanism we call Inter-Fork Strand Annealing (IFSA) that depends on the recombination proteins Rad52, Exo1 and Mus81, and is countered by the FANCM-related DNA helicase Fml1. (elifesciences.org)
  • In total, KoVariome includes 12.7M single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), 1.7M short insertions and deletions (indels), 4K structural variations (SVs), and 3.6K copy number variations (CNVs). (nature.com)
  • Such mechanisms business lead both to nucleotide deletions and insertions of G residues in paramyxoviruses (4 16 or in bovine parainfluenza pathogen 3 towards the expression of most three reading structures in its P gene (32). (molecularcircuit.com)
  • On the basis of 24 mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit variable number tandem repeats clustering and robust phylogenetic single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SIT264 and SIT266 isolates are assigned to the Latin American-Mediterranean lineage of M. tuberculosis ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • TERMINAL REPEAT SEQUENCES flank both ends of another sequence, for example, the long terminal repeats (LTRs) on RETROVIRUSES. (lookformedical.com)
  • Most other SINEs are derived from tRNAs including the MIRs (mammalian-wide interspersed repeats). (lookformedical.com)
  • The human adult α-globin locus consists of three pairs of homology blocks (X, Y, and Z) interspersed with three nonhomologous blocks (I, II, and III), and three Alu family repeats, Alu1, Alu2, and Alu3. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Over 932 Mb of end sequence was analyzed for repeats, simple sequence repeats, miRNA and single nucleotide variations, providing the most extensive analysis of Oryza sequence to date. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The function of repetitive elements has been discussed for a long time [ 3 ] and only recently has the importance of repeats in cellular processes begun to open up [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alphoid repeats or human alpha satellites are a human specific subclass of satellite DNA, which are long sequences of non-coding DNA appearing in tandems, i.e. the repeat instances follow each other without long gaps. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using long-insert jumping libraries at 105X mean physical coverage and linked-read whole-genome sequencing from 10X Genomics, we document seven major SV classes at ~5 kb SV resolution. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The first section introduces sequence-basedanalyses,includinggenefind-ing, gene family and phylogenetic analy-ses, and comparative genomics approaches. (centrocardiobogota.com)
  • tuberculosis strains in whole genome sequencing data. (9lib.org)
  • High-coverage whole-genome sequencing data of a single ethnicity can provide a useful catalogue of population-specific genetic variations, and provides a critical resource that can be used to more accurately identify pathogenic genetic variants. (nature.com)
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is becoming more affordable and is increasingly being widely used for high-resolution molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The rapidly expanding list of actionable molecular alterations across cancer types has resulted in the wide adoption of multitarget testing approaches, particularly those based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). (aacrjournals.org)
  • DNA methylation occurs primarily as 5-methylcytosine (5-mC), and the Diagenode MagMeDIP Kit takes advantage of a specific antibody targeting this 5-mC to immunoprecipitate methylated DNA, which can be thereafter directly analyzed by qPCR or Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). (diagenode.com)
  • Then, the IP'd methylated DNA is isolated and can be used for any subsequent analysis as qPCR, amplification, hybridization on microarrays or next generation sequencing. (diagenode.com)
  • SINEs are "non-autonomous" such that amplification and integration is dependent on enzymes derived from the host genome and long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transposable elements (TEs) are ancient (retro)-virus insertions inside a host genome and are peculiar mobile genetic elements accounting for a large proportion of repetitive DNA regions ( [29] ). (sisef.it)
  • Class I elements (or RETROELEMENTS - such as retrotransposons, retroviruses, LONG INTERSPERSED NUCLEOTIDE ELEMENTS and SHORT INTERSPERSED NUCLEOTIDE ELEMENTS) transpose via reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. (edu.au)
  • Repetitive short interspersed elements (SINEs) are ubiquitous eukaryotic retrotransposons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two retrotransposons, belonging to the two major classes of LTR and non-LTR elements, were characterized trough a SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) strategy. (sisef.it)
  • The cloning and sequencing of amplification products and a Cleaved Amplified Polymorphisms (CAPs) approach on the identified retrotransposons, showed a high level of diversity among the multiple copies of both elements. (sisef.it)
  • Non-LTR retrotransposons can be divided in several subclasses, such as LINE (Long INterspersed Elements) and SINE (Short INterspersed Elements - [44] ). (sisef.it)
  • Retrotransposons are fragments of cDNA which are transcribed from RNA and then inserted in a permissive sequence of the genome ( splicesosomal introns , for instance, are permissive regions). (bredagenetics.com)
  • Retrotransposons may also alter the splicing process , causing the inclusion of introns or the exclusion of exons through the activation of cryptic splice sites . (bredagenetics.com)
  • Long and Short Interspersed Elements (LINES and SINES) account for 21% and 13% of the genome, respectively. (cilecenter.org)
  • First, some introns that are involved in clinically actionable rearrangement events are very large, thus requiring substantial sequencing capital that can represent a disproportionate fraction of the assay. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Introns sequences account for about 30% of the genome. (blogspot.com)
  • With advancements in technology that could handle sequencing of the many repetitive sequences found in human DNA that were not fully uncovered by the original Human Genome Project study, scientists reported the first end-to-end human genome sequence in March 2022. (wikipedia.org)
  • The next year, Fred Sanger completed the first DNA-genome sequence: Phage Φ-X174, of 5386 base pairs. (wikipedia.org)
  • the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to provide an invaluable resource to understand tuberculosis (TB), the leading cause of global infectious disease mortality. (jci.org)
  • While the genome sequence was already transformative at the time, the past 25 years of progress have substantially increased its impact on TB taxonomy, drug discovery, resistance mechanisms, epidemiology, vaccine development, and pathogenesis. (jci.org)
  • As a part of the Korean Personal Genome Project (KPGP), we constructed the KoVariome database using 5.5 terabases of whole genome sequence data from 50 healthy Korean individuals in order to characterize the benign ethnicity-relevant genetic variation present in the Korean population. (nature.com)
  • japonica reference genome sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This annotation step is traditionally performed using alignment based methods, either in a de novo approach or by aligning the genome sequence to a species specific set of repetitive sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Direct phenotypic variation is possible by altering gene expression via insertion into coding regions or interference from the internal RNA polymerase promoters in SINEs [ 29 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Okada N, Hamada M, Ogiwara I, Ohshima K. SINEs and LINEs share common 3' sequences: a review. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Analysis of the dog genome revealed SINE insertion polymorphisms resulting in anti-sense transcription that provide alternate splice site junctions [ 30 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, at least 40 TE insertion polymorphisms have been found to be robustly associated with extreme variations in the major agronomic traits of tomatoes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We considered clusters of isolates with 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms identified by whole-genome sequencing to indicate recent transmission and clusters of 10 persons to be outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
  • 16S rRNA gene was completely sequenced. (cdc.gov)
  • We used the called variants to construct a strain-specific CD-1 reference genome, which we show can improve mappability and reduce experimental biases from genome-wide sequencing data derived from CD-1 mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analysis of high coverage sequencing data (more than 30x) from 10,000 individuals showed that each newly analyzed genome added roughly 0.7MB of new sequences to the human reference genome and contributed an average of 8,579 new SNVs to the existing human variation data set 13 . (nature.com)
  • Sequence analyses separated Feliform CanSINEs into two subfamilies, each characterized by distinct RNA polymerase binding motifs and phylogenetic associations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nikaido M, Rooney AP, Okada N. Phylogenetic relationships among cetartiodactyls based on insertions of short and long interspersed elements: hippopotamuses are the closest extant relatives of whales. (medecinesciences.org)
  • The amino acid sequences of one of many conserved structural pro teins likewise as among the non structural proteins have been selected for phylogenetic evaluation. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • Phylogenetic analysis primarily based to the significant terminase subunit amino acid sequence plus the DNA polymerase I amino acid sequence of eiAU reveal that phages eiAU, eiDWS, and eiMSLS were most much like phage that infect other enterobacteria and Sodalis glossinidius. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • Bacterial DNA was subjected to macroarray-based spoligotyping ( 8 ) and whole-genome sequencing on the MiSeq platform (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). (cdc.gov)
  • DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom. (lookformedical.com)
  • We describe the establishment and analysis of a genus-wide comparative framework composed of 12 bacterial artificial chromosome fingerprint and end-sequenced physical maps representing the 10 genome types of Oryza aligned to the O. sativa ssp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our strategy is to develop bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-end sequence (BES) physical frameworks of the ten genome types of Oryza and align them to the reference sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • M. tuberculosis NGS data were deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Sequence Read Archive (project no. (cdc.gov)
  • Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of M. tuberculosis and related mycobacteria is now routine, allowing comparisons across time and space. (jci.org)
  • We performed whole-genome sequencing on M. tuberculosis DNA extracted from sputum cultures from a population-based TB study conducted in Gaborone, Botswana, during 2012-2016. (cdc.gov)
  • There are two classes of interspersed repetitive elements. (edu.au)
  • Retrotransposable elements are important and peculiar genetic components derived from ancient retrovirus insertion inside plants genome. (sisef.it)
  • There are several types: INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE SEQUENCES are copies of transposable elements (DNA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS or RETROELEMENTS) dispersed throughout the genome. (lookformedical.com)
  • Elements that are transcribed into RNA, reverse-transcribed into DNA and then inserted into a new site in the genome. (lookformedical.com)
  • Some examples of NHAR-mediated CNVs are the PDHX gene deletion, caused by the retrotransposition of LINE elements, and the LINE-mediated insertions in the CFTR gene. (bredagenetics.com)
  • Three of these repetitive elements (called IR 1 IR 3 and TR respectively) are found in latent viral proteins EBV nuclear antigens 5 and 1 and LMP2A and -B (membrane proteins). (molecularcircuit.com)
  • The other two repetitive elements IR 2 (or and LF3 (leftward reading body 3) are located in the polyribosomal small fraction of EBV-infected cells and represent one of the most abundant viral transcripts synthesized through the EBV lytic routine (5 11 15 17 30 Their open up reading structures are almost completely PF-3644022 made up of the recurring elements. (molecularcircuit.com)
  • Some major effects of Alu -element amplifications include alterations of gene expression from insertions near gene promotors, insertional mutagenesis and repeat-mediated non-homologous recombination that can lead to disease, and 'exonization' of Alu elements yielding alternative splicing of transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tn 10 has a composite structure and it is composed of a pair of insertion sequence elements (IS 10 ) flanking five genes. (wikimili.com)
  • Recently, Li (Bioinformatics 35:4408-4410, 2019) developed a novel software tool dna-brnn to annotate repetitive sequences using a recurrent neural network trained on sample annotations of repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This combines the basic concepts of Li (Bioinformatics 35:4408-4410, 2019) with current techniques developed for neural machine translation, the attention mechanism, for the task of nucleotide-level annotation of repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A recent overview of functions and the evolution of repetitive elements can be found in [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While [ 11 ] mainly describes structural properties of two of the four repetitive element classes, we additionally highlight the biological importance and, if possible, function of specific repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most of these sequences qualify as junk but they are littered with defective transposable elements that are already included in the calculation of junk DNA. (blogspot.com)
  • DNA transposons are natural genetic elements residing in the genome as repetitive sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within a species, the vast majority of nucleotides are identical between individuals, but sequencing multiple individuals is necessary to understand the genetic diversity. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast, whole genome sequencing offers sensitive views of the genetic differences between strains ofM. (9lib.org)
  • Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function. (lookformedical.com)
  • The third report described Genetic Analysis and isolation from a child's hand with multibacterial synergistic Whole-Genome Sequencing gangrene ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In the RNA pathogen field items have been noticed with genetic modifications linked either with RNA polymerase slippages at PF-3644022 tandem repetitive sequences or mRNA editing and enhancing that creates frameshifts within an individual open reading body. (molecularcircuit.com)
  • If this was the end of the matter the transposon would perish by genetic drift and the loss of copies owing to the occasional failure to achieve successful integration at the target site. (wikimili.com)
  • A transposable element is a DNA sequence that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size. (wikimili.com)
  • Subsequent repair of this DSB by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) generates the desired genetic modifications such as gene disruption, gene insertion, gene correction, etc. (ac.ir)
  • In 1976, Walter Fiers at the University of Ghent (Belgium) was the first to establish the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome (Bacteriophage MS2). (wikipedia.org)
  • PCR was used for detection of pcaA gene and its nucleotide sequence was also determined. (scielo.br)
  • It is also called nucleotide sequence. (lookformedical.com)
  • With the human DNA probe, signals were detected in the major sites of the ribosomal genes on chromosomes 5I (7H) and 6I (6H) only when the chromosome preparations were obtained using an optimized technique with obligatory pepsin treatment followed by hybridization. (centrocardiobogota.com)
  • results can serve as an important argument in favour of the proposal to develop a special program for sequencing the genome chromosomes and for, To estimate the possibility of plant genome mapping using human genome probes, the probes fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of human 18S-28S rDNA (clon 22F9 from the LA-13NCO1 library) was carried out on chromosomes of the spring barleyHordeum vulgareL. (centrocardiobogota.com)
  • We used the TGS-TB tool to map the IS 6110 insertion sites and detect drug resistance mutations. (cdc.gov)
  • It is actually estimated that up to 5% of pathogenic mutations in humans are caused by transposons insertions. (bredagenetics.com)
  • Notably the amount of sites in LF3 of which such mutations may appear permits an extremely massive amount diversity with this gene. (molecularcircuit.com)
  • Transposons insertions usually generate repetitive units . (bredagenetics.com)
  • Transposons insertions are estimated to constitute up to 40% of the human genome (only LINEs represent 17%) . (bredagenetics.com)
  • citation needed] The development of new technologies has made genome sequencing dramatically cheaper and easier, and the number of complete genome sequences is growing rapidly. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nuclear genome includes protein-coding genes and non-coding genes, other functional regions of the genome such as regulatory sequences (see non-coding DNA), and often a substantial fraction of junk DNA with no evident function. (wikipedia.org)
  • The region of DNA which borders the 3' end of a transcription unit and where a variety of regulatory sequences are located. (lookformedical.com)
  • Bioinformatics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for researchers, developers, students, teachers, and end users interested in bioinformatics. (stackexchange.com)
  • We used multiple genome-wide sequencing data types and previously published CD-1 SNPs to validate our called variants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
  • After accounting for quality control failures, 232 samples were successfully sequenced, and, among these, 36 samples (representing an astonishing 15.5% of tested cases) were found to be positive for a driver gene fusion or oncogenic isoform that had not been detected by DNA-based NGS. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The Alu sequence family (named for the restriction endonuclease cleavage enzyme Alu I) is the most highly repeated interspersed repeat element in humans (over a million copies). (lookformedical.com)
  • Sequences of DNA or RNA that occur in multiple copies. (lookformedical.com)
  • TANDEM REPEAT SEQUENCES are copies which lie adjacent to each other, direct or inverted (INVERTED REPEAT SEQUENCES). (lookformedical.com)
  • DNA methylation is independent of the presence of IAP copies, since it is present in flanking regions of both full and empty sites. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • Even more-highly repeated sequences - minisatellites, microsatellites and telomeres - may appear as tens or even hundreds of thousands of copies, in aggregate amounting to 15% of the genome. (cilecenter.org)
  • So it is common to refer to them as transposon insertions . (bredagenetics.com)
  • Since these sequences are not active anymore, they are considered transposon fossils . (bredagenetics.com)
  • Transposon insertions may be pathogenic, as they can impact gene expression. (bredagenetics.com)
  • Finally, it is possible that transposon insertions play a role in the susceptibility to multifactorial diseases such as tumors. (bredagenetics.com)
  • To further test the effects of transposon-aided gene amplifications on genome evolution and architecture, the repetitive fraction of the significantly expanded genome of the banana pathogen, Pseudocercospora fijiensis , was analyzed in greater detail. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To accomplish this reaction the 50 kDa transposase protein must break four DNA strands to free the transposon from the donor site, and perform two strand exchange reactions to integrate the element at the target site. (wikimili.com)
  • PiggyBac is the most promising transposon-based vector system for achieving site-specific targeting of therapeutic genes due to the flexibility of its transposase for being molecularly engineered. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we report the construction of 12 BAC/BES framework physical maps derived from these libraries and an analysis of the BESs in terms of transposable element, simple sequence repeat (SSR), microRNA (miRNA), and single nucleotide variation (SNV) content. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In December 2013, scientists first sequenced the entire genome of a Neanderthal, an extinct species of humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • SINE insertions as clade markers for wild crucifer species. (medecinesciences.org)
  • The 6-9 base pairs that flank the sequence also influence selection of the insertion site. (wikimili.com)
  • While our genes are encoded by a varying sequence of nucleotides, the genotype is determined by the DNA sequence, both nuclear and mitochondrial. (cilecenter.org)
  • In addition, we found that CanSINE proliferation in Felidae frequently targeted existing CanSINE loci for insertion sites, resulting in tandem arrays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Highly repeated sequences, 6K-8K base pairs in length, which contain RNA polymerase II promoters. (lookformedical.com)
  • Highly repeated sequences, 100-300 bases long, which contain RNA polymerase III promoters. (lookformedical.com)
  • Nevertheless sequence alterations can and do occur because of RNA/DNA polymerase slippages during replication or transcription. (molecularcircuit.com)
  • a procedure to detect highly repetitive and transcribable sequences with tRNA-like structures. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Performing genome-wide target profiling on data sets obtained by retrieving chromosomal targeting sequences from individual clones, we have identified several piggyBac and Tol2 hotspots and observed that (4) piggyBac and Tol2 display a clear difference in targeting preferences in the human genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Such a peculiar arrangement of phenylalanyl residues at the distal ligand binding site has not been observed before in the globin family, and is unique to HbI, a protein functionally devoted to sulfide transport. (shengsci.com)
  • Jurka J. Sequence patterns indicate an enzymatic involvement in integration of mammalian retroposons. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Similar target site selection occurs in integration of plant and mammalian retroposons. (medecinesciences.org)
  • This insertion would disrupt a target sequence for biotin-labeled DRa primer, thus preventing spacer 8 from amplification. (cdc.gov)
  • Finally, such spreading into genes appears to be rare, since the transcriptional start sites of very few genes are less than one Kb from an IAP. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • I've hesitated to comment about the sequencing of Neanderthal DNA 'cause I haven't read the papers. (blogspot.com)
  • The substantial terminase subunit which is a structural protein is together with the portal protein viewed as essentially the most universally conserved gene sequence in phages, consequently they are good possibilities to assist in phage classification. (hivprotease-signal.com)
  • genome sequencing "essentially completed. (centrocardiobogota.com)
  • The sequences are about 300 base pairs long and are repeated several thousand times throughout the genome. (ojp.gov)
  • Tn 10 is a transposable element , which is a sequence of DNA that is capable of mediating its own movement from one position in the DNA of the host organism to another. (wikimili.com)
  • The sequences also show an The conventional and marker-assisted breeding (MAB) are the two approaches used to accomplish plant breeding (Breseghello and Coelho, 2013). (centrocardiobogota.com)
  • The short sequencing reads were subjected to analysis by using the SpoTyping program ( https://github.com/xiaeryu/SpoTyping ) ( 9 ) and the TGS-TB online tool ( https://gph.niid.go.jp/tgs-tb/ ) ( 10 ) to deduce their spoligoprofile. (cdc.gov)
  • Three types of endonucleases , namely ZFNs (zinc finger nucleases), TALENs (transcription activator-like effector nucleases ), and the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic regions) associated (Cas9) system have been predominantly utilized for gene editing. (ac.ir)
  • An example of pathogenic mutation caused by an Alu element is the insertion in intron 14 of the FERMT1 gene, which causes Kindler syndrome . (bredagenetics.com)
  • Other regions contain binding sites for ligands responsible for the regulation of transcription. (cilecenter.org)
  • Non-coding regions of DNA containing a restriction site for the enzyme Alu 1. (ojp.gov)
  • Among the thousands of completed genome sequencing projects include those for rice, a mouse, the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the puffer fish, and the bacteria E. coli. (wikipedia.org)
  • Shedlock AM, Okada N. SINE insertions: powerful tools for molecular systematics. (medecinesciences.org)
  • Bailey, AD, Shen, CC & Shen, CKJ 1997, ' Molecular origin of the mosaic sequence arrangements of higher primate α-globin duplication units ', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol. 94, no. 10, pp. 5177-5182. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Consequently, phenotypic traits - both macroscopic and molecular - depend on a combination of influences from genome sequences, the individual's life history and the epigenetic signals in the fertilized egg. (cilecenter.org)
  • Vaccine-derived RuV was detected by molecular sequencing in lesional skin. (cdc.gov)