Insects toxin bacillus cereus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Bacillus (Latin "stick") is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria, a member of the phylum Bacillota, with 266 named species. (wikipedia.org)
and the plural Bacilli is the name of the class of bacteria to which this genus belongs. (wikipedia.org)
The genus Bacillus was named in 1835 by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, to contain rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Bacillus was later amended by Ferdinand Cohn to further describe them as spore-forming, Gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, colonies which exhibit characteristics typical of Bacillus bacteria can be selected from a culture of an environmental sample which has been significantly diluted following heat shock or hot air drying to select potential Bacillus bacteria for testing. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria of the genus Bacillus have a broad spectrum of action that can influence plant growth and control pests, vectors of public health relevance and phytopathogens. (bvsalud.org)
Bacillus is a type of bacteria that comes in various shapes and sizes, each with its distinct features. (alloptica.com)
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, Gram-positive, and aerobic bacteria. (alloptica.com)
Bacillus bacteria have a distinctive appearance under the microscope. (alloptica.com)
There are many different species of Bacillus bacteria, each with its unique characteristics. (alloptica.com)
When looking at Bacillus bacteria under a microscope, it is essential to know which species you are examining. (alloptica.com)
Overall, Bacillus bacteria are fascinating microorganisms that play important roles in many different environments. (alloptica.com)
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped bacteria that is ubiquitous in nature. (alloptica.com)
The distinguishing feature of Bacillus is the presence of endospores, which are specialized structures that enable the bacteria to survive under harsh environmental conditions, including high temperatures and lack of nutrients. (alloptica.com)
Understanding the characteristics of Bacillus under a microscope is essential for identifying and classifying the bacteria. (alloptica.com)
Bacillus is a genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that form endospores. (alloptica.com)
Each type of Bacillus has a unique appearance under a microscope, and can be easily distinguished from other bacteria by their rod-shaped morphology and the presence of endospores. (alloptica.com)
Despite their common features, Bacillus bacteria differ in their abilities and potential hazards. (alloptica.com)
Bacillus is a type of rod-shaped bacteria that is commonly found in soil, water, and the gastrointestinal system of animals. (alloptica.com)
By 1876 the anthrax bacillus had been obtained in pure culture by Koch, and some other pathogenic bacteria had been observed in the tissues, but it was in the decade 1880-1890 that the most important discoveries were made in this field. (yourdictionary.com)
Living in the soil are huge numbers of bacteria belonging to the genus bacillus . (yourdictionary.com)
Anthrax, which means 'coal' in Greek, is a severe disease caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis , which stays alive in its surroundings by sporulating. (kenyon.edu)
Bacillus subtilis bacteria are non-pathogenic. (spudd64.com)
Also, for example, take the bacterial species Bacillus anthracis , a species of bacteria that has two plasmids. (mpkb.org)
One plasmid codes for genes that allow the pathogens to create toxins, the other codes for proteins that help it evade the immune system by living inside the white blood cells that kill and digest bacteria. (mpkb.org)
Let's say it encounters Bacillus cereus , a species of bacteria that causes foodborne illness. (mpkb.org)
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacteria that produces proteins which are toxic to insects. (globalhealing.com)
It's in the same family of bacteria as B. anthracis, which causes anthrax, and B. cereus, which causes food poisoning. (globalhealing.com)
The Bacillus cereus group consists of a group of gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes phylum. (ampk-signal.com)
Regulation by gut bacteria of immune response, Bacillus thuringiensis susceptibility and hemolin expression in Plodia interpunctella. (uanl.mx)
Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria share similar genetic, physiological, and biochemical characteristics with other members of the Bacillus cereus group. (biomedcentral.com)
Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA support close relationships between the Gammaproteobacteria Sodalis glossinidius, a tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) symbiont, and bacteria infecting diverse insect orders. (a-inhibitor.com)

Marine sponge associated Bacillus subtilis (strains WS1A and YBS29) can synthesize several antimicrobial peptides. (wikipedia.org)
These Bacillus subtilis strains can develop disease resistance in Labeo rohita. (wikipedia.org)
1. Guinebretière MH, Broussolle V, Nguyen-The C. Enterotoxigenic profiles of food-poisoning and food- borne Bacillus cereus strains. (cdc.gov)
Prevalence, phenotypic traits and molecular characterization of emetic toxin-producing Bacillus cereus strains isolated from human stools in Korea. (cdc.gov)
Enterotoxigenic profiles and polymerase chain reaction detection of Bacillus cereus group cells and B. cereus strains from foods and food-borne outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
In this study, strains from the Bacillus Bank of Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA/DF/Brazil) were selected to control the fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium oxysporum by pairing assays. (bvsalud.org)
The volatile organic compounds produced by selected Bacillus strains were identified and quantified. (bvsalud.org)
In co-culture assays, the inhibition zone between Bacillus strains and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. (bvsalud.org)
There are over 200 different strains of Bt that produce different types of Cry toxins. (thepureindianstore.com)
Some Bt strains also produce other toxins, such as Cyt toxins, Vip toxins, or Sip toxins, that enhance the insecticidal activity of Bt. (thepureindianstore.com)
Some strains of B. cereus may also possess particular genes that provide resistance to antimicrobials or preservatives. (ijbpr.net)
B. cereus strains that endure in spite of preservatives present hygienic problems and may be suitable microbiological candidates for studies on the safety of cosmetics. (ijbpr.net)
2006). The only established difference between B. cereus and B. thuringiensis strains is the presence of genes coding for the insecticidal toxins, usually AZD3965 cell line present on plasmids (Helgason et al. (ampk-signal.com)
Activity and expression of midgut proteases from Mexican and US Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) Strains exposed to Bacillus thuringiensis. (uanl.mx)

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a soil-dwelling bacterium that belongs to the same genus as Bacillus anthracis (the cause of anthrax) and Bacillus cereus (a common foodborne pathogen). (thepureindianstore.com)
As with other members of the genus Bacillus, it can form an endospore, to survive extreme environmental conditions of temperature and desiccation. (spudd64.com)

Bacillus cereus Certhrax Toxin, an Anthrax-related ADP-ribosyltransferase. (expasy.org)
Some of the most well-known species include Bacillus anthracis, which causes anthrax, Bacillus cereus, which can cause food poisoning, and Bacillus subtilis, which is commonly used in biotechnology and research. (alloptica.com)
Only a single pathogenic species can withstand the short boiling to which milk is ordinarily treated in domestic management, and this is the anthrax bacillus containing spores. (yourdictionary.com)
Some of them carry strong toxins such as the two large plasmids known as pXO1 and pXO2 that create the tripartite anthrax toxin and cause the lethal effects of B. anthracis , the pathogen that causes anthrax. (ijbpr.net)

Bacillus cereus vegetative insecticidal protein (VIP2), an insect-targeted toxin [ 4 ]. (expasy.org)
However, the distinction of notable group members, e.g., entomopathogenic B. thuringiensis , opportunistic B. cereus , and bioterrorism agent B. anthracis , still follows conventional insecticidal or pathogenic criteria. (biomedcentral.com)

What is the size of Bacillus subtilis? (spudd64.com)
Bacillus subtilis is a typical germ, which is rod-shaped and Gram-positive. (spudd64.com)
Is Bacillus subtilis a Halophile? (spudd64.com)
They are used on plants as a fungicide….Is Bacillus subtilis a Halophile? (spudd64.com)
What is the cell grouping of Bacillus subtilis? (spudd64.com)
Bacillus subtilis is part of group 1 and is strongly linked to B. licheniformis (which is often found on the cuticle of insects), and to the group of animal pathogens formed by B. thuringiensis, B. cereus, and B. (spudd64.com)
How many types of shape do Bacillus subtilis have? (spudd64.com)
What does Bacillus subtilis do for the body? (spudd64.com)
Is Bacillus subtilis found in the body? (spudd64.com)
Bacillus subtilis can also be found in the human body, mostly on the skin or in the intestinal tract. (spudd64.com)
Along with enzymes, Bacillus subtilis also produces a toxin called subtilisin. (spudd64.com)
What do the colonies of Bacillus subtilis look like? (spudd64.com)
The figure shows the structure of colonies formed by Bacillus subtilis. (spudd64.com)
The prefered medium of Bacillus subtilis is LB medium. (spudd64.com)
What is the prefered medium for Bacillus subtilis? (spudd64.com)
The growth follows the typical four phases of bacterial growth (figure 2) and with reaching the exponential growth phase, Bacillus subtilis has a doubling time of 30 minutes under ideal conditions. (spudd64.com)
How big is the inhibition zone of Bacillus subtilis? (spudd64.com)
How long does it take Bacillus subtilis to sporulate? (spudd64.com)
Bacillus subtilis is also able to form endospores under distress (see sporulation protocol), which is one of the most efficient adaptations to lack of nutrients. (spudd64.com)
For the first time it was found that salicylic acid influenced motility in biofilms and transcription of the surfactin synthetase gene of the endophytic strain Bacillus subtilis 26D in vitro. (mdpi.com)

The cell wall of Bacillus is a structure on the outside of the cell that forms the second barrier between the bacterium and the environment, and at the same time maintains the rod shape and withstands the pressure generated by the cell's turgor. (wikipedia.org)
Bacillus thuringiensis is a Gram-positive aerobic bacterium and the most used biopesticide worldwide. (bvsalud.org)
for " bacterium," " bacillus " and " micrococcus " have narrow technical meanings, and the other terms are too vague to be scientific. (yourdictionary.com)
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a gram-positive soil bacterium widely used in agriculture as a biological pesticide. (scielo.br)
Bt is a bacterium that produces toxins that kill certain insects without harming humans, animals, or plants. (thepureindianstore.com)
Bacillus is a common bacterium and is Gram-positive, rod-shaped with a size range of 0.3~22 μm × 1.2~7.0 μm, spore-forming, and aerobic-to-facultative (Cowan, 1974). (spudd64.com)

Cry proteins can be found in nature in three major forms: crystalline, soluble protoxin and soluble toxin. (scielo.br)
Bt produces spores and crystals that contain proteins called delta-endotoxins or Cry toxins. (thepureindianstore.com)
Parasporins (PS), parasporal inclusion proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis , possess specific cytotoxicity against different cancer cells which has suggested them to be potential for cancer treatment due to their specific binding to cancer cells. (emanresearch.org)
Structural and functional insights of anti-cancer proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis . (emanresearch.org)
In highly preferred embodiments, said polynucleotide sequences encode "stacked" Cry1F and Cry1Ac lepidopteran insect inhibitory proteins. (patsnap.com)
The TWIK channel nucleic acids and proteins can be used to genetically modify metazoan invertebrate organisms, such as insects, coelomates, and pseudocoelomates, or cultured cells, resulting in TWIK channel expression or mis-expression. (patsnap.com)

Because the spores of many Bacillus species are resistant to heat, radiation, disinfectants, and desiccation, they are difficult to eliminate from medical and pharmaceutical materials and are a frequent cause of contamination. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Established methods for isolating Bacillus species for culture primarily involve suspension of sampled soil in distilled water, heat shock to kill off vegetative cells leaving primarily viable spores in the sample, and culturing on agar plates with further tests to confirm the identity of the cultured colonies. (wikipedia.org)
When these insects ingest the spores and crystals, the toxins bind to receptors in their gut lining and create pores that cause cell death and gut paralysis. (thepureindianstore.com)
However the durability of their spores, which can endure severe environments may account for some of B. cereus persistence in cosmetic matrices. (ijbpr.net)

The insect pathogen B. thuringiensis can create immune inhibitor metalloprote- ases that can seriously harm the eyes, but it also makes crystal poisons that make it useful as a commercial biopesticide [ 2 ]. (ijbpr.net)
and Bacillus thuringiensis, an insect pathogen that is widely used as a leading biorational pesticide (Schnepf et al. (ampk-signal.com)

B. cereus can create toxins that cause eye infections, systemic infections and gastrointestinal illnesses. (ijbpr.net)

The genome of B. cereus 3A-ES had this pair of PlcR/PapR transcription regulators, and the presence of PlcR has previously been linked to the swift destruction of retinal function in cases of Bacillus endophalmitis. (ijbpr.net)
These results increase STK38 our understanding of insect symbiont evolution, while also identifying early genome alterations occurring upon integration of microorganisms with eukaryotic hosts. (a-inhibitor.com)

If Bacillus cereus picks up the plasmids for creating toxins and evading the immune system from Bacillus anthracis , it will be much more successful at staying alive, persisting inside the cells, and ultimately causing problems for the host. (mpkb.org)
In total, 684 B. cereus group isolates were randomly selected from different treatment sets, and the transmissibility and occurrence rate of potential conjugative plasmids were surveyed. (biomedcentral.com)

Like other genera associated with the early history of microbiology, such as Pseudomonas and Vibrio, the 266 species of Bacillus are ubiquitous. (wikipedia.org)

2. Kim J-B, Kim J-M, Cho S-H, Oh H-S, Choi NJ, Oh D-H. Toxin genes profiles and toxin production ability of Bacillus cereus isolated from clinical and food samples. (cdc.gov)
The leprosy bacillus seems to have ' got rid of ' non-essential genes. (yourdictionary.com)
Genomic analysis can reveal the toxin-producing capacities a specific isolate possesses and aid in determining whether additional virulence genes were acquired. (ijbpr.net)

The genera Bacillus and Clostridium constitute the family Bacillaceae. (wikipedia.org)
Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin is composed of the enzyme component C2-I, which ADP-ribosylates actin, and the binding and translocation component C2-II, responsible for the interaction with eukaryotic cell receptors and the following endocytosis [ 2 ]. (expasy.org)
Clostridium perfringens type E Iota-toxin is an ADP-ribosylating toxin (ADPRT) that ADP-ribosylates actin, which is lethal and dermonecrotic in mammals [ 3 ]. (expasy.org)
Structure and action of the binary C2 toxin from Clostridium botulinum. (expasy.org)
E. coli was behind with six, Clostridium botulinum and hepatitis A caused two each, and Bacillus cereus and Coxsackievirus one each. (thefoodmillonline.com)

Rapid genotypic detection of Bacillus anthracis and the Bacillus cereus group by multiplex real-time PCR melting curve analysis. (cdc.gov)

produces crystal toxin that is toxic to insects, and is used as a commercial pesticide. (alloptica.com)

Notably, the Cry1A family toxins had the lowest LC50 values, in which Cry1Ac presented 2.1-fold higher activity than Cry1Aa, 1.7-fold larger than Cry1Ab, and 9.7-fold larger than Cry2Aa toxins. (bvsalud.org)
The present paper describes important features of the immune response induced by the Cry1Ac protein from Bacillus thuringiensis in mice. (scielo.br)
Cry1Ac toxin administration induced a strong immune response in serum but in the small intestinal fluids only anti-Cry1Ac IgA antibodies were detected. (scielo.br)
Recently, we demonstrated that recombinant Cry1Ac protoxin (pCry1Ac) administered to mice by the intraperitoneal ( ip ) or intragastric ( ig ) route induces systemic and mucosal antibody responses similar to those obtained with cholera toxin (6). (scielo.br)

Bacillus species are well known in the food industries as troublesome spoilage organisms. (wikipedia.org)
Bacillus species are well-known for their ability to produce enzymes and secondary metabolites with industrial and medical applications. (alloptica.com)

If you are looking for a natural and safe way to control pests in your crops, garden, or home, you might have heard of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) biopesticide. (thepureindianstore.com)
How does Bacillus thuringiensis work as a biopesticide? (thepureindianstore.com)
Bt works as a biopesticide by killing insects that damage crops or transmit diseases. (thepureindianstore.com)
What are the benefits of using Bacillus thuringiensis as a biopesticide? (thepureindianstore.com)

[5] Protective antigen (PA) and edema factor (EF) combine to form edema toxin (ET) and PA and lethal factor (LF) combine to form lethal toxin (LT), the active toxins . (wikidoc.org)

For example, Cry1 toxins kill lepidopteran insects (such as butterflies and moths), Cry2 toxins kill dipteran insects (such as flies and mosquitoes), Cry3 toxins kill coleopteran insects (such as beetles and weevils), and Cry4 toxins kill nematodes. (thepureindianstore.com)

Bacillus species are classified based on the composition of their cell wall, spore formation, and other biochemical and physiological characteristics. (alloptica.com)
There are many types of Bacillus, each with unique characteristics and abilities. (alloptica.com)

Many species of Bacillus can produce copious amounts of enzymes, which are used in various industries, such as in the production of alpha amylase used in starch hydrolysis and the protease subtilisin used in detergents. (wikipedia.org)

When using eye cream preserved with parabens, we previously noticed that the B. cereus reference strain ATCC14579 was not adequately suited for long-term survival. (ijbpr.net)
Here, as part of a microbiological examination of eye area cosmetics created with non-traditional preservatives, we genetically identify a strain of B. cereus known as "3A-ES" that was originally characterised as B. cereus 3A and isolated from eye shadow [ 3 ]. (ijbpr.net)

Bt is toxic to many of the insects that can disrupt a farming operation. (globalhealing.com)
In 2006, researchers found the Bt toxin in pasteurized milk, ice cream, juice, and green-tea, suggesting that the toxic bio-pesticide residue lingers through multiple stages of food production. (globalhealing.com)

Of the dry antiseptics iodoform is constantly used in septic or tuberculous wounds, and it appears to have an inhibitory action on Bacillus tuberculosis. (yourdictionary.com)

Bacillus can reduce themselves to oval endospores and can remain in this dormant state for years. (wikipedia.org)

As an alternative, in the current study, we have screened Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxins with high toxicity against this insect. (bvsalud.org)

However, the effects of wide-spread application of B. thuringiensis -based pesticides on genetically related B. cereus group populations present in the environment remain poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
This raises the question of whether the application of B. thuringiensis -based pesticides with conjugal and mobilizing elements can promote gene flow within B. cereus group populations and enhance MGE dominance, and thus affect community composition in the treated area, especially confined habitats. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we critically review the literature on this topic as it pertains to the rhizosphere microbiome of crop plants and gut microbiome of pollinator insects (namely managed populations of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera), since both are frequent recipients of chronic pesticide exposure. (researchgate.net)

By growing this bacillus in broth a toxin is formed which remains in solution and can be separated from the bacilli themselves by filtration. (yourdictionary.com)

Eye infections can arise from B. cereus contamination of cosmetics applied close to the eyes especially in persons who already have trauma or injury to this region. (ijbpr.net)
The food was contaminated at point of final preparation/sale (e.g., restaurant, private home, etc.) by animal or environmental source(s), such as from dripping, flooding, airborne contamination, access of insects or rodents, and other situations conducive to contamination. (cdc.gov)
Indoors, food can be exposed to contamination from insects, dust and above all, people. (flaglerlive.com)
Even indoors, one must consider contamination by insects, such as flies or wasps, settling on the uncovered food. (flaglerlive.com)

Some enzymatically inactive mART domains, for example, the N-terminal domains of C2 and VIP2 toxins, have acquired a new, protein-binding function. (expasy.org)
It could be hypothesized that the PS-5 protein might induce apoptosis or act as β- pore forming toxin to kill specific cancer cells while PS-6 might act simply as pore forming toxin. (emanresearch.org)

Bioassays were conducted to determine the activity of four Cry toxins (Cry1A (a, b, and c) and Cry2Aa) against neonate T. licus licus larvae. (bvsalud.org)
Bt does not kill insect larvae by smothering them with love and hugs. (globalhealing.com)

In addition to direct effects (e.g., microbicidal action of the parent compound or breakdown metabolites), pesticides may indirectly alter the trajectory of host-microbiome coevolution in honey bees via modulation of social behaviours and the insect gut-brain axis - conceivably with consequences on plant-pollinator symbiosis as well. (researchgate.net)

Vibrio splendidus Vis toxin [ 6 ]. (expasy.org)

The Bacillus cereus group of microbes are spore-forming, environment-wide organisms. (ijbpr.net)
The Pleiotropic Transcriptional Regulator activates a number of the virulence factors released by members of the B. cereus group, including enterotoxins, haemolysins, Phospholipases, and Proteases (PlcR). (ijbpr.net)
2000). Eighteen B. cereus group genomes have been completely sequenced and published in GenBank. (ampk-signal.com)
Linking genomospecies and phenotype in the diagnosis of B. cereus group species has produced many incongruences. (biomedcentral.com)
Certainly, HGT can help expand virulence or adaptation factors within non-host habitats, thereby enriching genetic diversity and allowing transfer among intra-members of the B. cereus group within the natural environment [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This may explain why the high-throughput in-silico ANI approach has identified an increasing number of B. cereus group species but struggled to detect congruences between the genomospecies definition and phenotype in this group. (biomedcentral.com)
Insects or Insecta (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates and the largest group within the arthropod phylum. (patsnap.com)
Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, which are dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans. (patsnap.com)

Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis Crystal Toxins and Mechanism of Action. (emanresearch.org)

Bacillus anthracis can be found in soil, so people can pick it up relatively easily. (mpkb.org)

In silico analyses were performed as a perspective to understand putative interactions between T. licus licus receptors and Cry1A toxins. (bvsalud.org)

Robertson has shown that the typhoid bacillus can grow very easily in certain soils, can persist in soils through the winter months, and when the soil is artificially fed, as may be done by a leaky drain or by access of filthy water from the surface, the microorganism will take on a fresh growth in the warm season. (yourdictionary.com)
Like other Bacillus , Bacillus anthracis is saprophyte, being able to live in vegetation, air, water and soil. (wikidoc.org)

Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from leaves and insects. (cdc.gov)
Molecular characterization of Bacillus anthracis using multiplex PCR, ERIC-PCR and RAPD. (cdc.gov)
In contrast, Cry toxins have moderate molecular weights (40-70 kDa) and are resistant to proteolysis and stable at extreme pH (2). (scielo.br)

Ubiquitous in nature, Bacillus includes symbiotic (sometimes referred to as endophytes) as well as independent species. (wikipedia.org)

The virulence factors will facilitate the translocation of the toxins to the cytosol . (wikidoc.org)

Aconitine is a toxin produced by plants and BHT is an additive in foods such as cereals. (thefoodmillonline.com)
This invention relates to plant breeding and the protection of plants from insects. (patsnap.com)

More specifically, the present invention provides DNA and related assays for detecting the presence of certain insect-resistance events in cotton. (patsnap.com)

Protoxins are the subunits of crystals which, when treated with a trypsin-like protease, release the active toxin. (scielo.br)

Research has shown that the Bt toxin persists in the gastrointestinal tract of human-flora-associated rats weeks after exposure. (globalhealing.com)

Citriodora has its remedial history of being used in the traditional as well as modern medicine in the east and west, mainly as an aid for respiratory infections and for keeping insects at bay . (ayurvedicoils.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms16

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs28

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes18

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care6

Bacteria32

Strains14

Genus2

Anthrax4

Insecticidal2

Subtilis20

Bacterium6

Proteins6

Spores4

Pathogen2

Create toxins1

Genome2

Plasmids2

Pseudomonas1

Genes3

Clostridium5

Genotypic1

Produces1

Cry1Ac4

Species are well known2

Biopesticide4

Lethal1

Lepidopteran1

Characteristics2

Enzymes1

Strain2

Toxic2

Inhibitory1

Endospores1

Toxicity1

Populations3

Broth1

Contamination4

Protein2

Larvae2

PESTICIDES1

Vibrio1

Group8

Diversity1

Found in soil1

Receptors1

Soil2

Molecular3

Ubiquitous1

Virulence factors1

Plants2

Assays1

Protease1

Gastrointestinal tract1

Infections1