• This complex further activates factor IX and X to IXa and Xa, respectively, leading to the common coagulation pathway and the subsequent formation of thrombin and fibrin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The process of thrombus formation is considered to be initiated by von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding to exposed collagen or laminin in the damaged vessel wall, followed by shear-dependent platelet binding to VWF through the glycoprotein (GP)Ib-V-IX complex ( 1 , 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 3. Kalafatis, M., Takahashi, Y., Girma, J.P., and Meyer, D. Localization of a collagen interactive domain of human von Willebrand Factor between amino acid residues Gly 911 and Glu 1365. (csuohio.edu)
  • Activated microthrombotic pathway mediates platelet activation and exocytosis of unusually large von Willebrand factor multimers (ULVWF) from ECs and initiates microthrombogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thrombin contributes to the activation of factors V, VIII, and XIII (fibrin-stabilizing factor) and has an activating effect on platelets. (medscape.com)
  • This mechanism includes generation of activated protein C and protein S and the activation of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), with subsequent inhibition of activated factors V and VIII, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and thrombin-activated fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). (medscape.com)
  • Hemophilia A is an X-linked, recessive disorder caused by deficiency of functional plasma clotting factor VIII (FVIII), which may be inherited or arise from spontaneous mutation. (medscape.com)
  • Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare bleeding disorder caused by an autoantibody to coagulation factor (F) VIII. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is a test of the intrinsic pathway (factors VIII, IX, XI, and XII) and the common pathway (fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors V and X) of BLOOD COAGULATION. (lookformedical.com)
  • Although chronic DIC can be asymptomatic, acute DIC results in bleeding and intravascular thrombus formation that can lead to tissue hypoxia, multiorgan dysfunction, and death. (medscape.com)
  • The prothrombinase complex is the enzymatic complex responsible for timely thrombin formation at the place of vascular injury and is composed of the enzyme, factor Xa (fXa), the non-enzymatic cofactor factor Va (fVa), and the substrate prothrombin assembled on a lipid membrane in the presence of divalent metal ions. (csuohio.edu)
  • TF assembles with factor VIIa to activate factors IX and X thereby triggering thrombin formation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is converted to thrombin by a prothrombin activator complex consisting of factor Xa, factor V, phospholipid, and calcium ions. (lookformedical.com)
  • For example, TF is released in response to exposure to cytokines (particularly interleukin 1), tumor necrosis factor, and endotoxin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and other inflammatory mediators induce expression of TF in endothelial cells and monocytes, where only small amounts are normally expressed. (medscape.com)
  • Apart from CSCs, there are a myriad of factors and interactions between various cell types and the tumor microenvironment (TME) that ultimately affect CCA progression. (springer.com)
  • While brain tumor cells express tissue factor (TF) and other effectors of the coagulation system (coagulome), their propensity to induce local and peripheral thrombosis is highly diverse, most dramatic in the case of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and less obvious in pediatric tumors. (rmmj.org.il)
  • Angiogenic factors and their receptors are important regulators of placental vascular development [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The most widely studied serum markers for PE, to date, are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF). (hindawi.com)
  • Similarly, sEng is a truncated form of receptor for two subtypes of transforming growth factor beta (TGF β ) specifically, TGF β 1 and TGF β 2 which are highly expressed by vascular endothelial cells and syncytiotrophoblasts. (hindawi.com)
  • TF has been demonstrated to exist in normal vascular endothelial cells suggesting a role in initiating rapid activation of coagulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tissue factor (TF) is the initiator of the coagulation cascade, constitutively expressed in subendothelial cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells and initiating rapid coagulation when the vascular vessel is damaged. (go.jp)
  • In addition, the absence of the lymphatic circulation in the brain places demands on the vascular system in terms of the interstitial fluid circulation pattern 3 and mitigation of physical stress on tissues locked within the rigid confines of the intracranial space. (rmmj.org.il)
  • Intracranial dysfunction of hemostatic processes triggers profound local and systemic consequences, often with lethal outcomes including thrombosis, local vascular occlusion, hypoxic tissue damage, coagulation factor neurotoxicity, ischemic stroke, hemorrhage, and edema. (rmmj.org.il)
  • The treatment of hemophilia may involve management of hemostasis, management of bleeding episodes, use of factor replacement products and medications, treatment of patients with factor inhibitors, and treatment and rehabilitation of patients with hemophilic synovitis. (medscape.com)
  • Testing for inhibitors is indicated when bleeding is not controlled after infusion of adequate amounts of factor concentrate during a bleeding episode. (medscape.com)
  • Traditionally, CSCs are identified through a combination of surface markers, however, there is a lack of consensus among the scientific community, especially as these combinations appear to be specific to the corresponding tissues and tumors. (springer.com)
  • Regardless of the triggering event of DIC, once initiated, the pathophysiology of DIC is similar in all conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is characterized by soft tissue bleeding in patients without a personal or family history of bleeding. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The reporter responds to the activity of stemness master transcriptional factors SOX2 and OCT4 through six concatenated repeats of a SOX2/OCT4 response element (SORE6) [ 14 ]. (springer.com)
  • Reductions in uteroplacental flow initiate a cascade of molecular effects leading to hypoxia, thrombosis, inflammation, and endothelial cell dysfunction resulting in untoward pregnancy outcomes. (hindawi.com)
  • One critical mediator of DIC is the release of a transmembrane glycoprotein called tissue factor (TF). (wikipedia.org)
  • Hemophilia B, or Christmas disease, is an inherited, X-linked, recessive disorder that results in deficiency of functional plasma coagulation factor IX. (medscape.com)
  • As clotting factors and platelets are used up, bleeding may occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • This results in intravascular fibrin deposition and decreased levels of hemostatic components, including platelets, fibrinogen, and other clotting factors. (medscape.com)
  • Phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets, usually located around a thrombus, provide a negatively charged membrane surface, which supports coagulation factor binding and the formation of tenase and prothrombinase complexes ( 6 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Dose calculations are directed toward achieving a factor IX (FIX) activity level of 30% for most mild hemorrhages, of at least 50% for severe bleeds (eg, from trauma) or for prophylaxis of major dental surgery or major surgery, and 80-100% in life-threatening hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
  • After initiating coagulation therapy, perform early and aggressive imaging, even when there is a low suspicion for hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
  • Factor IX is the treatment of choice for acute hemorrhage or presumed acute hemorrhage in patients with hemophilia B. Recombinant factor IX is the preferred source for replacement therapy. (medscape.com)
  • CIBIS III Investigators : Effect on survival and hospitalization of initiating treatment for chronic heart failure with bisoprolol followed by enalapril, as compared with the opposite sequence : results of the randomized Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS) IH. (molcom.jp)
  • Because DIC is not the primary disease but a manifestation of underlying illness, diagnosis of the initiating disorder is crucial. (medscape.com)
  • We have identified the molecular defect in factor V Leiden and we have delineated specific amino acid regions on the factor V/Va molecule that are crucial for their functions. (csuohio.edu)
  • TF is also abundant in tissues of the lungs, brain, and placenta. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like sFlt1, soluble endoglin (sEng) is an antiangiogenic factor capable of inhibiting capillary tube formation in vitro [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 2003): Alternatively spliced human tissue factor: a circulating, soluble, thrombogenic protein. (9dok.net)
  • Staphylococcus aureus extracellular adherence protein serves as anti-inflammatory factor by inhibiting the recruitment of host leukocytes. (9dok.net)
  • Constituent composed of protein and phospholipid that is widely distributed in many tissues. (lookformedical.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • The resultant dimeric TF-factor VIIa complex then activates factors X and IX. (medscape.com)
  • Factor V accomplishes this by forming a complex with factor Xa, phospholipid, and calcium (prothrombinase complex). (lookformedical.com)
  • The coagulation system leans on a delicate balance between coagulant and anticoagulant factors. (csuohio.edu)
  • and FACTOR X. It is used for monitoring anticoagulant therapy with COUMARINS. (lookformedical.com)
  • An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. (lookformedical.com)
  • Shock is a frequent underlying factor, and important supportive measures include ventilatory support, volume support, pressor support, blood product support, and the use of adequate antibiotics, as well as close monitoring of neurologic and renal function. (medscape.com)
  • 1 While the brain represents only 2% of the body mass, it receives 20% of cardiac output, resulting in the flow rate of approximately 50 mL of blood per 100 g of tissue every minute. (rmmj.org.il)
  • Bom,V.J. and Bertina,R.M. (1990): The contributions of Ca 2+ , phospholipids and tissue-factor apoprotein to the activation of human blood-coagulation factor X by activated factor VII. (9dok.net)
  • The process of the interaction of BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS that results in an insoluble FIBRIN clot. (lookformedical.com)
  • A single unit of packed cells or blood component product is usually implicated in initiating this syndrome. (mednemo.it)
  • This in turn results in an exponential production of multiple factors such as cytokines and growth factors leading to the clinical manifestations of PE [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Molecular changes which may influence hypercoagulability include the expression of tissue factor (TF) as well as the proteases hepsin and cancer procoagulant by circulating tumour cells [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In all cell lines tested there was equally robust recruitment of total and initiated RNA polymerase II (Pol II). (oncotarget.com)
  • Intrahepatic fibrin(ogen) deposition was abolished in mice with liver-specific tissue factor deficiency, pinpointing the trigger of coagulation after PHx. (ashpublications.org)
  • Liver-associated tissue factor drives rapid intrahepatic coagulation after PHx. (ashpublications.org)
  • It is rarely expressed in normal epithelial tissue but has been found to be expressed in malignant tissue such as breast cancer, whilst not being present in patients with benign fibrocystic disease [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HDE-induced lung inflammatory aggregates clearly present in the tissue from HDE only exposed animals were not visually detectable in the HDE/alcohol co-exposure group. (cdc.gov)
  • Group VIIA elements on the periodic table include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, they are commonly referred to as halogens or halides. (welladjusted.co)
  • We found that (1) arsenite stimulated TF synthesis and activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in HASMCs, (2) sulforaphane, an Nrf2 activator, also stimulated TF synthesis in HASMCs, and (3) arsenite-induced upregulation of TF synthesis was prevented by Nrf2 knockdown in HASMCs. (go.jp)
  • A deficiency of factor X, sometimes called Stuart-Prower factor deficiency, may lead to a systemic coagulation disorder. (lookformedical.com)
  • Like all viruses, the EBOV largely relies on host cell factors and physiological processes for its entry, replication, and egress. (biomedcentral.com)