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Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior DisordersREM Sleep Behavior DisorderAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityConduct DisorderChild PsychiatryNeuropsychological TestsAggressionAntisocial Personality DisorderDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersChild of Impaired ParentsAttentionChild Behavior DisordersParentsLongitudinal StudiesMental DisordersPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesCognition DisordersComorbidityMethylphenidateChild BehaviorDreamsParasomniasBehavior TherapyReinforcement, SocialAversive TherapyNeuropsychologyWandering BehaviorClonazepamSleep-Wake Transition DisordersPolysomnographyCognitionNarcolepsySleep, REMBipolar DisorderMood DisordersCentral Nervous System StimulantsAnxiety DisordersPsychomotor AgitationExecutive FunctionParkinson DiseaseBehavior, AnimalLewy Body DiseasePersonality AssessmentFrustrationOlfaction DisordersBrainSeverity of Illness IndexSocial EnvironmentMagnetic Resonance ImagingMultiple System AtrophyToken EconomySocial BehaviorPsychomotor PerformanceSubstance-Related DisordersLearning DisordersIntelligencePropylaminesQuestionnairesMemory DisordersAromatherapyMemoryParentingPsychometricsJuvenile DelinquencyReaction TimeCataplexyWechsler ScalesEducation, SpecialImpulsive BehaviorSocializationCase-Control StudiesVideo RecordingNeurologic ExaminationTemperamentIntelligence TestsFollow-Up StudiesMaternal BehaviorAcetogeninsBehaviorRisk FactorsPsychological TestsIrritable MoodAnalysis of VarianceReceptors, Dopamine D4SchizophreniaDementiaElectroencephalographyPrevalenceChild DevelopmentMemory, Short-TermAge FactorsSleep DisordersModels, PsychologicalFeeding BehaviorBehavior ControlMild Cognitive ImpairmentPsychological TechniquesCohort StudiesAutistic DisorderVerbal Learning
HyperactivityInhibitory controlOppositional DefiantBehavioralPrefrontalSocial behaviorPsychopathyPsychiatric disordersConduct disorderPsychopathicSchizophreniaPersonality disordersTraitsBorderlineClinicalAbnormalitiesNeuralArousalGeneticADHDPsychological disordersSymptomsFeelingsIllnessDiagnosticFrontal lobeInvolveTreatmentTasksStronglyDifficultiesMechanismsIndividualsTheoryBackgroundIncludeResearchMedicalStudyFunctions
Hyperactivity6
  • Shared and disorder-specific prefrontal abnormalities in boys with pure attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared to boys with pure CD during interference inhibition and attention allocation. (springer.com)
  • The symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder closely mirror the symptoms of Directed Attention Fatigue. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2 Khanna, 2019 Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects more than 6 million children. (pdfhost.io)
  • 3 Khanna, 2019 I. Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a clinically heterogeneous neurobehavioral disorder characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. (pdfhost.io)
  • Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Clinical Utility of Continuous Performance Tests for the Identification of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. (ucsf.edu)
  • The development of IC is critical to various social-emotional and behavioral functions, with IC difficulties being linked to numerous neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (bvsalud.org)
Inhibitory control1
  • Fatigue that is experienced by participants of these kinds of studies is induced by attention-intensive tasks, and the observed effects of such fatigue are correlated with decline in inhibitory control. (wikipedia.org)
Oppositional Defiant1
  • Relation between Parental Responsiveness and Emotion Regulation in Children with and without Oppositional Defiant Disorder. (ucsf.edu)
Behavioral3
  • Low levels of behavioral inhibition may be mediated by serotonergic dysregulation in the septohippocampal system. (medscape.com)
  • ADHD is the most prevalent childhood behavioral disorder: studies have shown its prevalence rates in children and adolescents is approximately 5-8% (Peng et al 2013). (pdfhost.io)
  • The diagnosis of ADHD is inaccurate - the misdiagnosis rate is more than 20% - in part because of its comorbidity with similar behavioral and psychological disorders. (pdfhost.io)
Prefrontal3
  • Like Directed Attention Fatigue, ADHD involves the prefrontal cortex. (wikipedia.org)
  • There may also be developmental or acquired abnormalities in the prefrontal brain systems and reduced autonomic activity in antisocial personality disorder. (medscape.com)
  • Biologic factors, such as abnormal monoaminergic functioning (especially in serotonergic function) and prefrontal neuropsychological dysfunction, have been implicated but have not been well established by research. (medscape.com)
Social behavior1
Psychopathy2
  • The goal of this article is to provide a selective and targeted review of the neuroimaging literature on psychopathic tendencies and antisocial behavior and to explore the extent to which this literature supports recent cognitive neuroscientific models of psychopathy and antisocial behavior. (springer.com)
  • While antisocial behavior is a component in psychiatric disorders, including antisocial personality disorder (APD) and psychopathy, it can also occur on its own [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Psychiatric disorders1
  • Frequently, a history of psychiatric disorders is present. (medscape.com)
Conduct disorder1
  • Sterzer P, Stadler C, Poutska F, Kleinschmidt A: A structural neural deficit in adolescents with conduct disorder and its association with lack of empathy. (springer.com)
Psychopathic2
  • Social dominance orientation (SDO), defined as the general individual orientation toward unequal and dominant/subordinate relationships, might represent a valuable construct to explore to better understand the association between psychopathic traits, externalizing problems, and prosocial behavior. (apc.it)
  • Results showed that SDO mediated the relationship between psychopathic traits and externalizing problems and between psychopathic traits and prosocial behavior only in the clinical sample. (apc.it)
Schizophrenia3
Personality disorders7
  • Although the most common etiologies for personality disorders are multifactorial, these conditions may also be secondary to biologic, developmental, or genetic abnormalities. (medscape.com)
  • Indeed, personality disorders are aggravated by stressors, external or self-induced. (medscape.com)
  • The model has been used to describe the different accepted types of personality disorders. (medscape.com)
  • Most current research suggests that personality disorders may be differentiated by their interactions among the 5 dimensions rather than differences on any single dimension. (medscape.com)
  • Personality disorders are also seen with diminished monoamine oxidase (MAO) and serotonin levels. (medscape.com)
  • However, the relationships of anatomy, receptors, and neurotransmitters to personality disorders are purely speculative at this point. (medscape.com)
  • The origin of personality disorders is a matter of considerable controversy. (medscape.com)
Traits1
  • Human functions and traits are linked to cerebral networks serving different emotional and cognitive control systems, some of which rely on hemispheric specialization and integration to promote adaptive goal-directed behavior. (encyclopedia.pub)
Borderline2
  • Laboratory induced aggression: a positron emission tomography study of aggressive individuals with borderline personality disorder. (springer.com)
  • Psychosocial formulations point to the high prevalence of early abuse (sexual, physical, and emotional) in these patients, and the borderline syndrome is often formulated as a variant of posttraumatic stress disorder. (medscape.com)
Clinical3
  • This temporary condition is not a clinical illness or a personality disorder. (wikipedia.org)
  • non-primary source needed] It is possible that DAF and ADHD involve disruption of the same underlying mechanism, and recent clinical evidence has found that the same treatments used for Directed Attention Fatigue may reduce the symptoms of ADHD in children. (wikipedia.org)
  • non-primary source needed] However, it is important to note that unlike ADHD, DAF is a temporary condition rather than a clinical disorder. (wikipedia.org)
Abnormalities1
  • In patients with personality disorder, abnormalities may be seen in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. (medscape.com)
Neural2
  • Among the neural systems discussed in this context are those underlying pro- and antisocial behaviors. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • This is due largely to environmental and contextual influences, which interact with neural substrates in the development and expression of pro and antisocial functions. (encyclopedia.pub)
Arousal1
Genetic2
  • A genetic contribution to antisocial behaviors is strongly supported. (medscape.com)
  • Increasing numbers of children with known genetic conditions and/or intellectual disability are referred for evaluation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), highlighting the need to refine autism symptom measures to facilitate differential diagnoses in children with cognitive and language impairments. (bvsalud.org)
ADHD2
  • Och varför tror du att Kriminalvården först alldeles nyligen upptäckte att ADHD går att att behandla framgångsrikt, även om det förstås kan innebära att kriminalvården mister en del av sina klienter. (adhd-npf.com)
  • Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a single-gene disorder characterized by IC difficulties, and elevated rates of ADHD and ASD, making it a useful model for understanding the early development and consequences of IC. (bvsalud.org)
Psychological disorders1
  • Sleep complaints, or disturbances, are common symptoms of a dyssomnia sleep disorder and are frequently observed as co-occurring in psychological disorders and psychopathology. (sagepub.com)
Symptoms2
  • Overlap of symptoms from the six above categories is highly indicative of Directed Attention Fatigue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Currently, diagnosis is based solely on observed behavior and reported symptoms, creating a risk of over and under-diagnosis. (pdfhost.io)
Feelings2
  • Behavior - One may experience feelings of impulsiveness and recklessness, and may find that they have a diminished level of threshold between thoughts and actions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Social Interactions - One may experience heightened irritability and increased frequency of antisocial feelings. (wikipedia.org)
Illness2
  • Signs of Directed Attention Fatigue include temporarily feeling unusually distractible, impatient, forgetful, or cranky when there is no associated illness. (wikipedia.org)
  • Any illness or injury to the brain that interrupts the brain circuits involved in maintaining attention and inhibiting external stimuli may also contribute to the development of directed attention fatigue. (wikipedia.org)
Diagnostic2
  • A personality disorder, as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that differs markedly from the expectations of the individual's culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment. (medscape.com)
  • It will restructure diagnostic groups to bring disorders that are similar in underlying vulnerabilities and symptom characteristics under the same headings. (medscape.com)
Frontal lobe1
  • Several parts of the brain are involved in maintaining directed attention, primarily those located in the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe of the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Involve3
  • Although one's efforts may involve very different tasks, each incoming stimulus calls upon the same directed attention mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] The onset of directed attention fatigue can be triggered by a number of activities, all of which involve use of the brain's inhibitory system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adult antisocial behaviors are defined as disruptive behaviors that violate social rules and involve defiance of authority and disregard for the rights of others [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Treatment1
  • To treat the disorder, psychiatrists prescribe an initial treatment of methylphenidate, a stimulant, as well as a usual second treatment, atomoxetine, a noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. (pdfhost.io)
Tasks3
  • Studies that require participants to carry out attention-demanding tasks under conditions of high distraction reveal how unpleasant a mentally fatigued person can be. (wikipedia.org)
  • Directed attention, or voluntary attention, requires a great deal of concentration and focus, and is employed in tasks such as problem solving. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Amsterdam Neuropsychological Tasks (ANT) are computerized executive functioning tasks. (individualdevelopment.nl)
Strongly1
  • Mood disorders in first-degree relatives are strongly linked. (medscape.com)
Difficulties1
  • There are well-established strong associations with lower IQ and intellectual disability, specific learning and developmental problems, such as reading disability, speech and language problems, motor coordination difficulties and also autistic spectrum disorders. (pdfhost.io)
Mechanisms2
  • Directed attention fatigue (DAF) is a neuro-psychological phenomenon that results from overuse of the brain's inhibitory attention mechanisms, which handle incoming distractions while maintaining focus on a specific task. (wikipedia.org)
  • This type of attention employs the inhibitory mechanisms of the brain, which help block incoming stimuli that are unrelated to the task at hand. (wikipedia.org)
Individuals3
  • Individuals may have more than 1 personality disorder. (medscape.com)
  • Many individuals have co-occurring disorders (CODs)-a combination of a substance use disorder (SUD) and a mental health disorder. (sagepub.com)
  • For example, the Epidemiological Catchment Area Study found that 37% of individuals with a lifetime alcohol use disorder and 53% with a drug use disorder met the criteria for a mental health disorder. (sagepub.com)
Theory1
  • According to inhibition theory, it is natural for one to alternate between periods of attention and distraction. (wikipedia.org)
Background1
  • Activities that engage this system include multitasking, working in an environment with disruptive background noise or after a lack of sleep, and rapidly changing focus during a prolonged period of attention. (wikipedia.org)
Include1
  • Primary dyssomnias include insomnia and disorders of hypersomnia, as well as their respective subtypes. (sagepub.com)
Research1
  • Little research has been conducted to determine the biologic sources of this disorder. (medscape.com)
Medical1
  • Persons with fragile X syndrome (FXS) with cooccurring autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at risk for poorer educational, medical, employment, and independent living outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
Study1
  • Alcohol use disorders were twice as high as drug use disorders in the Epidemiological Catchment Area Study. (sagepub.com)
Functions1