Infectious disease plague. Medical search. Frequent questions

If not treated early, the bacteria can spread to other parts of the body and cause septicemic or pneumonic plague. (cdc.gov)
Pneumonic plague occurs when plague bacteria infect the lungs. (cdc.gov)
Pneumonic plague is almost always fatal if not treated rapidly. (cdc.gov)
Since August 26, 1994, outbreaks of bubonic and pneumonic plague have been reported in south-central, southwestern, and northern India. (cdc.gov)
On September 22, cases of pneumonic plague were reported from the city of Surat, Gujarat state, approximately 200 km north of Bombay. (cdc.gov)
As of September 26, several hundred pneumonic plague cases and numerous deaths have been reported from Surat. (cdc.gov)
On September 26 and 27, cases were reported from Bombay and Calcutta, and on September 27, cases of pneumonic plague were reported from Delhi. (cdc.gov)
however, no pneumonic plague cases resulting from person-to-person spread have been reported in the United States since 1924 (1). (cdc.gov)
however, plague also can be transmitted to humans by handling infected animals or by inhaling infectious aerosols from persons with pneumonic plague. (cdc.gov)
Pneumonic plague is one of several forms of plague. (cdc.gov)
Pneumonic plague occurs when Y. pestis infects the lungs. (cdc.gov)
Pneumonic plague is also spread by breathing in Y. pestis suspended in respiratory droplets from a person (or animal) with pneumonic plague. (cdc.gov)
Pneumonic plague may also occur if a person with bubonic or septicemic plague is untreated and the bacteria spread to the lungs. (cdc.gov)
Early treatment of pneumonic plague is essential. (cdc.gov)
Human-to-human transmission occurs by inhaling droplets from patients with pulmonary infection (primary pneumonic plague), which is highly contagious. (msdmanuals.com)
Transmission from cats can be by bite of an infected flea or, if the cat has pneumonic plague, by inhalation of infected respiratory droplets. (msdmanuals.com)
The three types of plague are the result of the route of infection: bubonic plague, septicemic plague, and pneumonic plague. (wikipedia.org)
The plague is also known to spread to the lungs and become the disease known as the pneumonic plague. (wikipedia.org)
If the bacteria affects the lungs , it can cause pneumonia or pneumonic plague. (indiatimes.com)
In the case of pneumonic plague, human-to-human transmission can happen, but it is very rare. (indiatimes.com)
[ 9 ] More optimistically, a specific strain of Y pseudotuberculosis, IP32953, has been modified into a potentially promising vaccine against bubonic and pneumonic plague. (medscape.com)
There is a chance that people can become infected from close contact with humans who have the pneumonic plague, but it's not common. (time.com)

Plague is caused by the ancestor of current Yersinia (named for Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin, who first isolated the bacterium) pestis strains ( Figure 1 ). (cdc.gov)
The plague bacterium (Yersinia pestis) is transmitted by fleas and cycles naturally among wild rodents. (cdc.gov)
Editorial Note: Plague is caused by infection with Yersinia pestis, a bacterium carried by rodents and transmitted by fleas commonly found in parts of Asia, Africa, and North and South America (1,2). (cdc.gov)
Evidence MEDLINE databases were searched from January 1966 to June 1998 for the Medical Subject Headings plague , Yersinia pestis , biological weapon , biological terrorism , biological warfare , and biowarfare . (jamanetwork.com)
Plague is caused by the gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis . (msdmanuals.com)
Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. (wikipedia.org)
Graves containing the remains of two men (aged between 30 and 45 years) are the first evidence of Yersinia pestis infection, the bacteria responsible for plague, in 14th-century Southern Italy, according to new research being presented at the European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID). (eurekalert.org)
In their study, the RML scientists first infected fleas by letting them feed on blood containing a virulent strain of Yersinia pestis, the bacterial agent of plague. (scienceblog.com)
Plague is the common name for the bacterium Yersinia pestis . (howstuffworks.com)
Because of its 97% DNA homology with the agent that causes plague , Yersinia pestis, Y pseudotuberculosis is believed to have been the progenitor of the plague bacillus and is considered a model of bacterial evolution. (medscape.com)
Yersinia pestis (Pasteurella pestis) is the bacterium responsible for the bubonic plague. (time.com)
Plague is an infectious disease that is caused by the Yersinia pestis bacteria. (time.com)
Plague, a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis , is transmitted to humans by the bites of infected fleas (eg, Xenopsylla cheopis ), scratches from infected animals, inhalation of aerosols, or consumption of food contaminated with Y pestis . (medscape.com)
Yersinia pestis , the bacterium that causes plague , leads to naturally occurring disease in the United States and other regions worldwide and is recognized as a potential bioterrorism weapon . (bvsalud.org)

Like most experts, Kinyoun and Wyman believed plague cases would eventually arrive at U.S. ports-especially San Francisco, which received heavy ship traffic from Asian cities with ongoing epidemics-and that only vigilant quarantine could keep the plague out. (nih.gov)
The horrific ongoing Asian epidemics, which were killing thousands, and remembrance of the 14th century's Black Death, raised the specter of unimaginable devastation if plague ever reached American shores. (nih.gov)
In the meantime, he had to handle two smallpox epidemics in U.S. Army troops returned from Manila, suffer four recurrent episodes of appendicitis (11), and inspect hundreds of arriving Asian immigrants for excludable diseases and deformities, an American practice dating back at least to 1700. (nih.gov)
In his fact-filled and alarming overview of major infectious diseases past and present, economist Kenny discusses sources and vectors of epidemics, the toll of suffering and death, progress in controlling communicable diseases, and persistent problems. (booklistonline.com)
This could allow the spread of tropical diseases rapidly escalate and lead to veritable epidemics. (fitness-gear-pro.com)
History is dotted with epidemics and plagues , but a certain number of them stand out as unique for their severity and impact on future generations. (listverse.com)
Epidemics - rapidly spreading infectious diseases like the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) - can become global health threats. (getabstract.com)
It's easy, then, to understand that for both individuals and populations, the sporadic nature of disease and epidemics was a confusing challenge. (vision.org)
This flea is the primary vector of plague in most large plague epidemics in Asia, Africa, and South America. (medscape.com)
4. A number of WHO regions are currently facing substantial health risks from infectious disease epidemics which pose a grave threat to global health security. (who.int)
At least 11 of the 22 countries in the Region have reported epidemics from emerging infectious disease over the past 10 years with the potential for global spread. (who.int)
Human evolutionary adaptation has brought greater chances of survival under hardships such as starvation and epidemics of dangerous diseases like malaria or the plague, for example. (lu.se)

Septicemic plague occurs when plague bacteria multiply in the bloodstream. (cdc.gov)
In the bubonic form of plague, the bacteria enter through the skin through a flea bite and travel via the lymphatic vessels to a lymph node, causing it to swell. (wikipedia.org)
If the growth is not curbed on time, the bacteria an spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream, causing sepsis, or septicemic plague. (indiatimes.com)
The vaccine had prior successes in rodents and non-human primates, but in those experiments, the animals received laboratory-grown plague bacteria and were artificially exposed to it by needle and syringe. (scienceblog.com)
When these "blocked" fleas continue to feed, the host blood hits the mass, becomes tainted with concentrated plague bacteria, and is regurgitated back into the host. (scienceblog.com)
They also will try to learn how plague bacteria spreads through a host after being transmitted by a flea, with hopes of developing new treatments to counteract the spread of plague in an infected person. (scienceblog.com)
Canniff's successor, Dr. Hastings, believed that this kind of fountain could spread disease and documented scientifically how the common drinking cup could pass bacteria and sickness from one user to the next. (toronto.ca)
According to researches, a common cholesterol-lowering drug could help fight a host of diseases by clearing out bacteria from the system. (asianage.com)
A communicable disease on the other hand is an infectious disease that is contagious and which can be transmitted from one source to another by infectious bacteria or viral organisms. (brainscape.com)

Emerging Infectious Diseases , 24 (1), 102. (cdc.gov)
Sarah Gregory] I'm Sarah Gregory, for Emerging Infectious Diseases . (cdc.gov)
Another clinician who contracted Ebola while treating patients in Liberiaâ€"and who was successfully treated for the disease in the U.S.â€"has presented with virus-related vision and other eye issues, investigators from the University of Massachusetts Medical School reported in Emerging Infectious Diseases last week (November 22). (berkeley.edu)
Emerging infectious diseases result from contact between microbes and animals, with humans the most parasitized animal species. (pasteur.fr)
6. Over the past decade, the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region has faced repeated outbreaks from emerging infectious diseases that have potential to cause a global health emergency. (who.int)

Septicemic plague can quickly cause shock and organ failure. (cdc.gov)
and septicemic plague may result in fulminant gram-negative shock without localized signs of infection (2,6). (cdc.gov)
Septicemic plague does not spread from person to person. (cdc.gov)
In very rare circumstances, as in septicemic plague, the disease can be transmitted by direct contact with infected tissue or exposure to the cough of another human. (wikipedia.org)
Bubonic plague can progress to lethal septicemic plague in some cases. (wikipedia.org)
Septicemic plague has similar symptoms, as well as possible shock and bleeding in the skin and organs. (time.com)

Fleas are known to carry a number of diseases that are transferable to humans through their bites, including plague, caused by the. (cdc.gov)
Humans and domestic animals that are bitten by fleas from dead animals are at risk for contracting plague, especially during an epizootic. (cdc.gov)
Dogs are less likely to be ill, but they can still bring plague-infected fleas into the home. (cdc.gov)
Bubonic plague is mainly spread by infected fleas from small animals. (wikipedia.org)
The fleas that transmit the disease only directly infect humans when the rat population in the area is wiped out from a mass infection. (wikipedia.org)
The scientists developed their model to mimic the natural transmission route of bubonic plague through the bites of infected fleas. (scienceblog.com)
Although all 15 vaccinated mice remained symptom-free even after multiple feedings by the fleas, plague occurred in 14 of the 15 mice that had received the adjuvant alone. (scienceblog.com)
During a natural infection, the digestive system of some fleas becomes blocked with a highly infectious bacterial mass. (scienceblog.com)
Residents should not eradicate or kill prairie dogs on their property as this increases the risk of exposure to plague-infested fleas," SJBPH said. (umn.edu)
Plague-infected blood is transmitted between animals through fleas. (howstuffworks.com)
Fleas deliver the plague bacterium when they feed on a new host. (howstuffworks.com)
The plague is transmitted from animals to humans by bites of infected fleas, but it can be cured with antibiotics if treatment is prompt. (sciencedaily.com)
Sylvatic plague is an infectious bacterial disease usually transmitted from animal to animal by fleas. (sciencedaily.com)
T wo counties in Arizona have confirmed that fleas in the area have tested positive for the plague. (time.com)
The infected fleas were initially found on prairie dogs in Coconino County, and health experts have confirmed there are fleas carrying the disease in Navajo County as well. (time.com)
Health officials in the two Arizona counties have found that local fleas are carrying the disease. (time.com)

After acquiring this gene (sometime during 1600-950 bce ), which encodes a phospholipase D that protects the bacterium inside the flea gut, Y. pestis evolved the ability to cause pandemics of bubonic plague. (cdc.gov)
If you live in Arizona, New Mexico or Colorado -- states which historically have the highest incidence of bubonic plague in the United States -- your cat could possibly ingest the plague bacterium by eating an infected prairie dog . (howstuffworks.com)

Plague can also infect humans and their pets. (cdc.gov)
Cats usually become very ill from plague and can directly infect humans when they cough infectious droplets into the air. (cdc.gov)
Plague is an infectious disease that affects animals and humans. (cdc.gov)
Rats were an amplifying factor to bubonic plague due to their common association with humans as well as the nature of their blood. (wikipedia.org)
That high mortality rate and the speed with which plague kills prairie dogs are the principal reasons that humans generally don't catch plague from them [source: Johnsgard]. (howstuffworks.com)
The plague vaccine was developed for humans by the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Disease and is being tested and modified for animals at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) in Madison, Wisc. (sciencedaily.com)
Rinderpest (aka "cattle plague") did not infect humans but was still devastating. (listverse.com)
So far, no cases of plague have been found among people in Arizona, but the news comes just a months after three cases of plague in humans were confirmed in New Mexico. (time.com)
The new report from EFSA and ECDC focuses on zoonotic resistance, which involves infections and diseases that can be transmitted from animals to people or, more specifically, a disease that normally exists in animals but that can infect humans. (foodsafetynews.com)
Competency of the flea to serve as vector for transmission of plague to humans depends on its willingness to feed on a human host and its tendency to regurgitate intestinal contents during a blood meal. (medscape.com)
Throughout their evolutionary development, humans have adapted to new environments, infectious agents and other health risks. (lu.se)

The Antonine Plague (also known as the Plague of Galen, who described it), was an ancient pandemic, of either smallpox or measles, brought back to the Roman Empire by troops returning from campaigns in the Near East. (listverse.com)
Toronto provided free smallpox vaccinations in the 19th century, but many people didn't believe it worked, or thought they might catch the disease from the vaccination itself. (toronto.ca)
By the time the World Health Organization (WHO) announced its plan to eradicate smallpox in 1959, the disease was restricted to South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia. (listverse.com)
As a result, WHO officially announced in 1980 that smallpox was the first disease ever to be eradicated by human intervention. (listverse.com)

Travelers to India and other plague-endemic countries are at low risk for infection with Y. pestis. (cdc.gov)
The fire department must establish procedures for the evaluation of work limitations for employees with an infectious disease who in the course of performing their duties demonstrate evidence of functional impairment or inability to adhere to standard infection control practices or who present an excessive risk of infection to patients or fire department members. (iaff.org)
The bubonic plague is an infection of the lymphatic system, usually resulting from the bite of an infected flea, Xenopsylla cheopis (the Oriental rat flea). (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, in areas with a large population of rats, the animals can harbor low levels of the plague infection without causing human outbreaks. (wikipedia.org)
Two confirmed cases of the plague were reported last week by the Chinese authorities and now a squirrel in Colorado, the United States has also tested positive of this rare but serious bacterial infection. (indiatimes.com)
An experimental plague vaccine proved 100 percent effective when tested in a new mouse model for plague infection developed by scientists at Rocky Mountain Laboratories (RML), part of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the National Institutes of Health. (scienceblog.com)
The new report, authored by lead researcher and RML plague expert B. Joseph Hinnebusch, Ph.D., appears in the April edition of Infection and Immunity, now available online. (scienceblog.com)
Health officials in Colorado this week announced a fatal plague infection in a resident of Archuleta County, located in the southwest corner of the state. (umn.edu)
The armies, composed of the most rapidly moving travelers who had ever moved between the steppes of East Asia (where bubonic plague was and remains endemic among small rodents), managed to keep the chain of infection without a break until they reached, and infected, peoples and rodents who had never encountered it. (wikipedia.org)
Y pseudotuberculosis infection occurs worldwide but appears to be most common as sporadic disease in northern Europe and Asia, primarily as a zoonotic infection of rabbits and other mammals and birds. (medscape.com)
An example of a non-communicable disease is disease caused by toxins from food poisoning or infection caused by toxins in the environment, such as tetanus. (brainscape.com)
Before Joseph Lister, Louis Pasteur, and Robert Koch developed the germ theory of infection, much disease was believed to be spontaneous. (vision.org)
and infections of the skin, bone, joint, abdomen (stomach area), and prostate (male reproductive gland), Ciprofloxacin is also used to treat or prevent plague (a serious infection that may be spread on purpose as part of a bioterror attack) and inhalation anthrax (a serious infection that may be spread by anthrax germs in the air on purpose as part of a bioterror attack). (medlineplus.gov)
East and its continuing transmission since 2012, and the recent surge of human infection from the highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in Egypt since the virus was first identified in the country in 2006 currently pose two of the biggest threats to global health security since the outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in west Africa. (who.int)
The outbreaks of MERS-CoV and the recent surge of avian influenza A(H5N1) infections in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, avian influenza A(H7N9) infection in the Western Pacific Region and the Ebola virus disease outbreak in the African Region are some examples of these threats to global health. (who.int)

With better vaccination techniques and education, public opinion slowly changed, and in time vaccination of school children against a wide variety of diseases, including diphtheria, polio, and measles, became standard. (toronto.ca)

Mammals such as rabbits, hares, and some cat species are susceptible to bubonic plague, and typically die upon contraction. (wikipedia.org)
Prairie dogs are highly susceptible to bubonic plague. (howstuffworks.com)

Human plague is often preceded by an outbreak or "epizootic" in which large numbers of susceptible rodents die. (cdc.gov)
Plague occurs primarily in wild rodents (eg, rats, mice, squirrels, prairie dogs) and is transmitted from rodent to human by the bite of an infected rat flea vector. (msdmanuals.com)
But shouldn't we breathe a sigh of relief about this population decrease since these rodents can carry bubonic plague? (howstuffworks.com)
When plague passes between rodents, such as squirrels and prairie dogs, it's referred to as sylvatic plague . (howstuffworks.com)
Eventually, the disease disappeared from these crowded cities, but rodents dispersed the disease throughout the western United States. (cdc.gov)

Nationally Notifiable Infectious Diseases and Conditions, United States: Annual Tables.Table 2k. (cdc.gov)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services. (cdc.gov)
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced that. (mlo-online.com)
Despite solid uptake intentions for adults, most parents don't intend to have their children vaccinated against COVID, despite a universal recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that everyone ages 6 months and older be immunized. (umn.edu)
Announcer] This program is presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
In mid-May, the Centers for Disease Control confirmed sylvatic plague in black-tailed prairie dog colonies in the Conata Basin area of Buffalo Gap National Grasslands in southwestern South Dakota. (sciencedaily.com)
Between 1900, when plague first appeared in the U.S., and 2012, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that there have been 1,006 cases of confirmed or probable plague cases in the U.S. There have been outbreaks of the disease worldwide, and about 1,000 to 2,000 cases are reported globally each year. (time.com)
Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (medscape.com)

In addition, plague-the most feared of all pandemic diseases-had been spreading globally for several years. (nih.gov)
The retrieval of plague ancient DNA from the teeth of two adults buried at the Abbey of San Leonardo in Siponto is a discovery of national importance, as it is the first related to the second plague pandemic (Black Death) in Southern Italy", says Dr Donato Raele from the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Puglia and Basilicata in Foggia, who led the research. (eurekalert.org)
In the mid-14th century Europe was devastated by the Black Death, a major plague pandemic that wiped out up to 60% of the population. (eurekalert.org)
Given that the dating of the burial and coins fits the arrival of the Second Pandemic in Europe, the experts suspected that the adults might have died during the Black Death or from other infectious diseases that were prevalent at the time, such as malaria, tuberculosis, or epidemic typhus and Malta fever (brucellosis). (eurekalert.org)
However, unlike the pandemic of the 14th century, the plague is now curable in most of the cases. (indiatimes.com)
Although we now understand the biological causes of infectious disease in great detail, many even today perceive the pandemic potential of microbes as God's latent wrath awaiting sinful man. (vision.org)
The first pandemic, known as the Justinian plague (AD 541-544), began in Egypt and spread throughout the Middle East and Mediterranean areas. (medscape.com)
The second pandemic began in 1347, when traders from central Asia introduced plague into ports of Sicily. (medscape.com)
The Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in the US has said the game "uses a non-traditional route to raise public awareness on epidemiology, disease transmission, and diseases/pandemic information. (who.int)

Four teeth of the adults in the graves tested positive for Y. pestis, and were highly similar to previously investigated plague victims from other parts of Italy and had identical strains of Y. pestis. (eurekalert.org)

Bacterial Zoonoses Br, Div of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC. (cdc.gov)

But the latest report on TB from the World Health Organization (WHO), published in October, revealed signs of progress against normal - or drug-sensitive - cases of the bacterial disease. (nature.com)
Every week, newspapers across the country describe large and small outbreaks of viral and bacterial diseases. (drugdiscoverynews.com)

The Great Plague of Marseille was one of the most significant European outbreaks of bubonic plague in the early 18th century. (listverse.com)

Many health facilities have either closed down or suspended their operations due to security concerns, and water and sanitation systems have been damaged, increasing the risk of waterborne diseases such as cholera. (who.int)
Their suffering is not only limited to poor living conditions, with many also enduring chronic diseases, such as kidney failure, diabetes, hypertension and cancer, as well as infectious diseases, including cholera. (who.int)
and the restricted scope of the current Regulations, which apply only to three diseases - cholera, plague and yellow fever. (who.int)

Dvoryane (Russian nobility) and well-off city dwellers left Moscow due to the plague outbreak. (listverse.com)
However, Marseille recovered quickly from the plague outbreak. (listverse.com)
In the US, the last urban outbreak of rat-associated plague occurred in Los Angeles in 1924 to 1925. (msdmanuals.com)
Endangered black-footed ferrets aren't exactly lining up to be stuck with a vaccine, but in an effort to help control an extensive outbreak of plague in South Dakota, some of the ferrets are getting dosed with a vaccine given by biologists. (sciencedaily.com)
Some of the plague-impacted prairie-dog colonies were occupied by ferrets, but researchers do not know yet how many ferrets have died from the outbreak. (sciencedaily.com)
To help increase ferret survival during this outbreak, biologists are vaccinating wild ferrets to provide immunity if they become exposed to plague. (sciencedaily.com)
Following the flare-up of Ebola in Liberia 77 days after the outbreak was declared over, the region's top coordinator of the United Nations response to the epidemic said the three West African countries most affected by the deadly disease cannot recover from its ravages on their own. (berkeley.edu)
Amid a global outbreak, it is easy to forget that humanity has triumphed over many diseases that used to devastate entire countries. (listverse.com)

The first signs of plague in Moscow appeared in late 1770, which would turn into a major epidemic in the spring of 1771. (listverse.com)
This epidemic was not a recurrence of the European Black Death , the devastating episodes of bubonic plague which began in the fourteenth century. (listverse.com)
The disease is also considered to have been responsible for the Plague of Justinian, originating in the Eastern Roman Empire in the 6th century CE, as well as the third epidemic, affecting China, Mongolia, and India, originating in the Yunnan Province in 1855. (wikipedia.org)
These massively important discoveries built on each other and led over the course of the next few decades to the identification of most of the infectious organisms that cause epidemic diseases. (nih.gov)
This is the first time the vaccine has been used during a major plague epizootic-an animal version of a human epidemic. (sciencedaily.com)
2021). WHO Report on Global Surveillance of Epidemic-prone Infectious Diseases . (bvsalud.org)

While vaccines against the plague have been developed, the World Health Organization recommends that only high-risk groups, such as certain laboratory personnel and health care workers, get inoculated. (wikipedia.org)

What's new in viral infectious diseases? (mlo-online.com)
This viral disease can cause exceptionally high mortality, especially in turkeys. (thepoultrysite.com)

however, plague remains endemic in much of the world. (medscape.com)

The three photographs below illustrate how the Department of Public Health used epidemiology (the study of what causes and spreads disease) to decrease risks in such common activities as drinking water. (toronto.ca)
Sarah Gregory] The Epidemiology of Human Plague in the United States, 1900-2012 summarizes the characteristics of 1,006 cases of human plague occurring in the United States over 113 years, beginning with the first documented case in 1900. (cdc.gov)
Mathematical modelling of biological systems, especially the epidemiology of neglected tropical diseases and the analysis of biological systems in which noise plays an important role. (warwick.ac.uk)

The issue of infectious (communicable) disease in the fire service has been well established as a very serious concern. (iaff.org)
The issue of infectious (communicable) disease in the fire service continues to take on an urgent meaning with fire fighter's risks of contracting AIDS, hepatitis, pertussis and MRSA. (iaff.org)
The IAFF Death and Injury Survey reports that 1 out of every 50 fire fighters is exposed to a communicable disease annually . (iaff.org)
Communicable disease is readily transmitted from one individual to another. (brainscape.com)
The revised Regulations will form an integral part of the global communicable disease monitoring and alert system currently being strengthened by WHO. (who.int)

The key feature of bubonic plague is a swollen, painful lymph node, usually in the groin, armpit or neck. (cdc.gov)
As the disease progresses, the lymph nodes can hemorrhage and become swollen and necrotic. (wikipedia.org)
The symptoms of the disease include sudden onset of fever, headache, chills, weakness, swollen tender and painful lymph nodes. (indiatimes.com)
People who get the bubonic plague may experience fever, chills and weakness as well as painful lymph nodes. (time.com)
After the femoral lymph nodes, the next most commonly involved regions in plague are the inguinal, axillary, and cervical areas. (medscape.com)

Rapid evolution of disease would occur in the 2 to 4 days after symptom onset and would lead to septic shock with high mortality without early treatment. (jamanetwork.com)
Once plague infects a prairie dog colony, the mortality rate is around 100 percent. (howstuffworks.com)
Field tests, said Biggins, showed that the combination of burrow dusting and experimental vaccine protected black-footed ferrets in Montana during a time of low-level plague mortality in the area. (sciencedaily.com)
What we're trying to do in South Dakota is assess the protectiveness of the vaccine for prairie dogs and ferrets during a full-blown eruption of plague that is causing high mortality in the prairie dog population," Biggins said. (sciencedaily.com)
RITM undertakes research activities in the diagnosis, control and prevention of tropical diseases that are major causes of mortality and morbidity in the Philippines, develops cost-effective strategie. (bvsalud.org)

Improved sanitation, better living conditions and nutrition, antibiotics, rehydration therapy, and vaccines have played major roles in combating infectious diseases. (booklistonline.com)
Dr. Hinnebusch and his colleagues will use the natural challenge model to test other plague vaccines in development. (scienceblog.com)
Editors Note: This is the first in a number of follow up posts from the Infectious Disease, Contagion and the History of Vaccines theme week edited by Ian Mosby, Erika Dyck and Jim Clifford. (activehistory.ca)

Plague within a rodent species can potentially cross into the human population, most often through flea bites . (howstuffworks.com)
People who live in or travel to the western U.S. should be aware of what they can do to minimize their risk of getting the disease--most importantly, taking measures to prevent flea-bites and avoiding contact with sick or dead animals. (cdc.gov)

Much of human exposure to infectious disease has been zoonotic. (foodsafetynews.com)
Bubonic plague is a zoonotic disease, as are Salmonellosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and Lyme disease. (foodsafetynews.com)

From ancient times to now, outbreaks of contagious diseases promoted xenophobia and not infrequently a rise in authoritarianism. (booklistonline.com)
Yet a lack of preparation and an often sluggish response by governments across the globe to novel viruses, an overuse of antibiotics resulting in resistance, anti-vaccination movements, and poverty remain major impediments to conquering or at least limiting contagious diseases. (booklistonline.com)
It meets the definitions of a disease and of being contagious-that is, violence is spread from one person to another. (nih.gov)

The plague is considered the likely cause of the Black Death that swept through Asia, Europe, and Africa in the 14th century and killed an estimated 50 million people, including about 25% to 60% of the European population. (wikipedia.org)
It was named "Black Death" in the 14th century after the disease killed almost 50 million people in Europe alone. (indiatimes.com)

This has been shown to increase your risk of getting plague. (cdc.gov)

With this new work, we can imagine a start, how environmental changes affect the Transmission of diseases such as Dengue and Zika werden", Professor Simon adds I. Hay of the University of Washington. (fitness-gear-pro.com)

3. As with other noncommunicable diseases, CVDs are not often given the attention they deserve. (who.int)
4. The approach to the current situation of CVD in the African Region builds on strategies promoted by the Heads of State,2 and the WHO strategies on noncommunicable diseases and health promotion. (who.int)
5. The WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance of noncommunicable diseases in general and cardiovascular disease in particular (otherwise known as STEPS) is based on community evaluation of eight risk factors (see Figure 1). (who.int)
These include the burden deriving from water, sanitation and hygiene, noncommunicable diseases and communicable diseases, as well as maternal, neonatal and nutritional causes. (who.int)

Because maximal antibody responses from plague vaccine require administration of multiple doses over several months, plague vaccine is not recommended for immediate protection during outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
A plague vaccine is not currently available for use in the United States. (cdc.gov)

Goat's rue was once important in the treatment of plague, fevers and infectious diseases[238]. (pfaf.org)

Acral necrosis of the nose, the lips, and the fingers and residual ecchymoses over both forearms in a patient recovering from bubonic plague that disseminated to the blood and the lungs. (medscape.com)

There are three different types of plague: bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic. (time.com)

The last type of plague, pneumonic, is also characterized by fever and chills, as well as respiratory problems like chest pain, cough and shortness of breath. (time.com)
Bread is the only thing we eat and sometimes we cannot even get that," said Mohammed, who is also suffering from respiratory diseases. (who.int)

Conclusions An aerosolized plague weapon could cause fever, cough, chest pain, and hemoptysis with signs consistent with severe pneumonia 1 to 6 days after exposure. (jamanetwork.com)

Part one covers the public response and includes an essay on Canadian public health policy by Mark Osborne Humphries (author of The Last Plague: Spanish Influenza and the Politics of Health and War. (activehistory.ca)

1. The burden of cardiovascular disease is increasing rapidly in Africa, and it is now a public health problem throughout the African Region. (who.int)

Bubonic plague arrived in North America around 1900, most likely from Chinese cargo ships [source: Hoogland]. (howstuffworks.com)

is the most common form of plague. (cdc.gov)

This type of plague can spread from person to person through the air. (cdc.gov)

Attempts to stop the spread of plague included an Act of Parliament of Aix that levied the death penalty for any communication between Marseille and the rest of Provence. (listverse.com)

If you develop symptoms of plague, see a health care provider immediately. (cdc.gov)
We also encourage doctors to become familiar with the signs and symptoms of plague. (cdc.gov)

Replicating the natural transmission of plague from flea to host in this model is tedious and unusual work," notes NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "This creative approach, however, brings researchers much closer to answers to real-life questions. (scienceblog.com)

Kiersten Kugeler] This report summarizes information from human plague cases that have occurred in the U.S. since the disease first arrived in San Francisco by ship in 1900. (cdc.gov)
Today, we see a different picture of who's at risk of plague than we did in 1900. (cdc.gov)
The good news is that while plague is still with us, a lot has changed since 1900--specifically, the development of lab tests for quickly diagnosing plague and most importantly, antibiotics for treating plague. (cdc.gov)

Although imported cases are expected to be rare, physicians should be alert for evidence of plague in persons who have traveled to plague-endemic areas and who developed a febrile illness within 7 days after leaving the area. (cdc.gov)
By the 8th century, plague receded into scattered endemic areas. (medscape.com)

To reduce risk, travelers should avoid areas with recently reported human plague cases. (cdc.gov)
90% of human plague in the US has occurred in rural or semirural areas of the Southwest, especially New Mexico, Arizona, California, and Colorado. (msdmanuals.com)
Several flea species carried the bubonic plague, such as Pulex irritans (the human flea), Xenopsylla cheopis, and Ceratophyllus fasciatus. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical and demographic features of human illness have shifted over time as the disease has moved from crowded cities to the rural West. (cdc.gov)
Overall, the emergence of human plague in the United States parallels the introduction of exotic plants and animals. (cdc.gov)
No. In the United States there are an average of seven human plague cases reported each year. (time.com)
To develop a comprehensive set of updated guidelines, CDC conducted a series of systematic literature reviews on human treatment of plague and other relevant topics to collect a broad evidence base for the recommendations in this report . (bvsalud.org)
CDC considered individual expert input while developing these guidelines, which provide recommended best practices for treatment and prophylaxis of human plague for both naturally occurring disease and following a bioterrorism attack. (bvsalud.org)
Over a very long term perspective, when average human life expectancy was very limited, this meant that the most important causes of illness and death - besides death in infancy or from trauma, accidents and violence - were various infectious diseases. (lu.se)

Infectious disease is an area of rapidly changing conditions. (iaff.org)
During 1926 to 1964, the geographic range of disease expanded rapidly, while the total number of reported cases fell. (cdc.gov)

IAFF members are exposed every day to potentially life threatening disease including MRSA, HIV, pertussis and many more. (iaff.org)

The world is still reeling under the pressure of rising coronavirus cases and another threat in the form of Bubonic plague has emerged sending waves of panic among many. (indiatimes.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms27

Diseases46

Chemicals and Drugs22

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes24

Disciplines and Occupations15

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena13

Humanities16

Information Science10

Named Groups3

Health Care55

Geographicals22

Pneumonic plague22

Yersinia14

Epidemics12

Bacteria9

Emerging Infectio5

Septicemic plague6

Fleas16

Bacterium2

Humans11

Smallpox4

Infection15

Measles1

Susceptible to bubonic plague2

Rodents5

Notifiable Infectious Diseases1

Centers10

Pandemic9

Pestis1

National Center for Infectious Diseases1

Bacterial2

Outbreaks of bubonic1

Cholera3

Outbreak8

Epidemic6

World Health Organ1

Viral2

Remains endemic1

Epidemiology3

Communicable Disease5

Lymph5

Mortality5

Vaccines3

Bites2

Zoonotic2

Contagious3

14th-century2

Risk of gettin1

Dengue1

Noncommunicable diseases4

Vaccine is not2

Fevers1

Lungs1

Types of plague1

Respiratory2

Cough1

Influenza1

Africa1

North America1

Form of plague1

Type of plague1

Spread of plague1

Symptoms of plague2

Transmission of plague1

19003

Endemic2

Human9

Rapidly2

Pertussis1

Coronavirus1