DiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentHealth Care
Puerperal InfectionEuthanasia, Animal
SepsisKnown as childbed feverPelvicBacterialUterusAcuteEndometritisOrganismsStreptococcusPyrexiaMetritisPostoperative InfectionsFeverMastitisPostproceduralLabourDisorders2020ChlamydiaUrinary tract infUterine infectionsAntibioticsOpportunisticWound infectionMaternal mortalityComplicationsPostpartum periodUTIsPreventionEndocarditisVaginalInterventionMorbidityGenitalTissuesCause infectionsMalariaOccurCesareanSite of infectionSpread of infectionTreatmentMORTALITY RATEMothersParasitic
Sepsis11
  • The most common infection is that of the uterus and surrounding tissues known as puerperal sepsis, postpartum metritis, or postpartum endometritis. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1 Major risk factors for obstetric acute renal failure include chronic hypertensive disease, pre-eclampsia, postpartum haemorrhage, antepartum haemorrhage, sepsis, and other infections. (bmj.com)
  • Puerperal sepsis, also known as childbed fever, is the leading cause of maternal deaths. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • In this novel study in The American Journal of Pathology, published by Elsevier, scientists report on the discovery of group A streptococcus (GAS) surface proteins involved in female reproductive tract infections such as puerperal sepsis that may pave the way to developing vaccines and more effective treatments. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • Although the main site of infection is in the throat, GAS can also colonize the female genital tract and cause severe neonatal infections and diseases in the mother during and after labor such as puerperal sepsis. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • Both GAS neonatal infections and puerperal sepsis have high morbidity and mortality rates. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • We are still way behind the curve of understanding the molecular basis of puerperal sepsis," explained lead investigator James M. Musser, MD, PhD, chair of the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine at Houston Methodist Hospital and the Fondren Presidential Distinguished Chair at the Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • It is the first time we have been able to address this neglected area of research into puerperal sepsis occurring before, during, and after labor. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • Such studies could make important contributions to our understanding of the molecular basis of puerperal sepsis, a disease that has an unusually rich history in medicine because of the pioneering studies by the physician and scientist Ignaz Semmelweis," he concluded. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • Ongoing pelvic infections (eg, pelvic inflammatory disease, untreated cervicitis, puerperal sepsis, immediate postabortion or postpartum infection, endomyometritis, pelvic tuberculosis) are also absolute contraindications for IUD placement. (medscape.com)
  • Pneumococcal infection is a major cause of otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis. (msdmanuals.com)
Known as childbed fever1
  • Postpartum infections, also known as childbed fever and puerperal fever, are any bacterial infections of the female reproductive tract following childbirth or miscarriage. (wikipedia.org)
Pelvic3
  • Other postpartum infections include (1) postsurgical wound infections, (2) perineal cellulitis, (3) mastitis, (4) respiratory complications from anesthesia, (5) retained products of conception, (6) urinary tract infections (UTIs), and (7) septic pelvic phlebitis. (medscape.com)
  • citation needed] Causes (listed in order of decreasing frequency) include endometritis, urinary tract infection, pneumonia/atelectasis, wound infection, and septic pelvic thrombophlebitis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Those guidelines highlighted the prevalence and morbidity of chlamydial infections and stressed the need to include antibiotics effective against chlamydia when treating patients for urethritis, mucopurulent cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. (cdc.gov)
Bacterial2
  • Amoebic liver abscess, anaerobic bacterial infections. (mims.com)
  • Lymphangitis Lymphangitis is acute bacterial infection (usually streptococcal) of peripheral lymphatic channels. (msdmanuals.com)
Uterus3
  • Infection may be limited to the cavity and wall of her uterus, or it may spread beyond to cause septicaemia (blood poisoning) or other illnesses, especially when her resistance has been lowered by long labour or severe bleeding. (wikipedia.org)
  • Puerperal infection is most common on the raw surface of the interior of the uterus after separation of the placenta (afterbirth), but pathogenic organisms may also affect lacerations of any part of the genital tract. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acute puerperal metritis is characterized by an abnormally enlarged uterus and the presence of fetid, watery, reddish-brownish uterine discharge generally associated with signs of systemic illness such as decreased milk production, inappetence, depression, and fever >39.5°C. (msdvetmanual.com)
Acute6
  • 1 2 3 During the past 50 years, substantial declines in obstetric acute renal failure occurred in high income countries, owing to improvements in obstetric care and to the legalisation of pregnancy terminations and an associated decrease in infections. (bmj.com)
  • acute ulcerative gingivitis & acute dental infection. (mims.com)
  • Occasionally the infection may spread locally to produce peritonsillar or retropharyngeal abscesses, otitis media, suppu- rative cervical adenitis, and acute sinusitis. (brainkart.com)
  • Acute puerperal metritis refers to a severe postpartum uterine infection that results in systemic signs of toxemia. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • The distinction between acute puerperal metritis and clinical metritis is pivotal because acute puerperal metritis requires treatment, whereas clinical metritis does not. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Tonsillopharyngitis Tonsillopharyngitis is acute infection of the pharynx, palatine tonsils, or both. (msdmanuals.com)
Endometritis3
  • Endometritis is the most common infection in the postpartum period. (medscape.com)
  • Most often, the etiologic organisms associated with perineal cellulitis and episiotomy site infections are Staphylococcus or Streptococcus species and gram-negative organisms, as in endometritis. (medscape.com)
  • A clinical and microbiologic analysis of risk factors for puerperal endometritis. (medscape.com)
Organisms3
  • Consider if penicillins or other less toxic drugs are contraindicated, when clinically indicated, and in mixed infections caused by susceptible staphylococci and gram-negative organisms. (medscape.com)
  • Other organisms can cause puerperal fever, but this form is the most likely to produce a rapidly progressive infection. (brainkart.com)
  • Enterococcal Infections Enterococci are gram-positive, facultative anaerobic organisms. (msdmanuals.com)
Streptococcus2
  • Fitness genes for group A streptococcus (GAS) infection in the female genital tract: Molecular pathogenesis investigation using transposon directed insertion sequencing (TraDIS) and isogenic mutant strains has identified fitness genes for GAS infection in the female genital tract Scanning electron microscopy reveals GAS (brown) bound to a human white blood cell (green). (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • Pneumococcal Infections Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) are gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, aerobic, encapsulated diplococci. (msdmanuals.com)
Pyrexia1
Metritis1
  • Clinical metritis is used as a general term for postpartum uterine infections, which may not be associated with systemic signs. (msdvetmanual.com)
Postoperative Infections1
  • Haas DM, Morgan S, Contreras K, Enders S. Vaginal preparation with antiseptic solution before cesarean section for preventing postoperative infections. (medscape.com)
Fever5
  • [ 3 ] The presence of postpartum fever is generally accepted among clinicians as a sign of infection that must be determined and managed. (medscape.com)
  • Other causes of fever following delivery include breast engorgement, urinary tract infections, infections of an abdominal incision or an episiotomy, and atelectasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Infection with strains that elaborate any of the SPEs may superimpose the signs of scarlet fever on a patient with streptococcal pharyngitis. (brainkart.com)
  • The Hungarian physician and scientist Ignaz Semmelweis (1818-1865) discovered that the incidence of puerperal fever could be drastically reduced by the use of hand disinfection in obstetric clinics. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • Sequelae of infections due to group A beta-hemolytic streptococci may include rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. (msdmanuals.com)
Mastitis1
  • Consider coverage primarily for Staphylococcus aureus infection in postpartum mastitis. (medscape.com)
Postprocedural1
  • postprocedural (T81.4) · puerperal (O85) · streptococcal (A40. (who.int)
Labour2
  • 4. The major direct causes of maternal death are unsafe abortion, anaemia, eclampsia, hemorrhage, obstructed labour and puerperal infections. (who.int)
  • The principal causes of death are the very young age of the mothers, who are often anaemic and suffering from food deficiencies, as well as labour complications, especially over-infection and haemorrhages due to insufficient supervision. (asnom.org)
Disorders1
  • hemorrhage, pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders and infection are among the top causes of death in both the United States and the developing world. (arhp.org)
20203
  • 2020). These infections are called GBS disease. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
  • Handwashing, as a way of reducing the spread of infection, has gained new traction in 2020. (drjoetoday.com)
  • UK Biobank makes infection and health data available to tackle COVID-19 (news release) UK Biobank, Apr 14, 2020. (cdc.gov)
Chlamydia3
  • In 1985, CDC published Policy Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Chlamydia trachomatis infections (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Because chlamydial infections are common among adolescents and young adults throughout the United States, health-care providers and other agencies serving these groups should become more involved if a sufficiently large proportion of the chlamydia-infected population is to be reached. (cdc.gov)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis infections are common in sexually active adolescents and young adults in the United States (CDC, unpublished review). (cdc.gov)
Urinary tract inf1
  • Risk factors for urinary tract infection in the postpartum period. (medscape.com)
Uterine infections1
  • In the developed world about 1% to 2% develop uterine infections following vaginal delivery. (wikipedia.org)
Antibiotics4
  • Wound and episiotomy site infections require broad-spectrum antibiotics as well, because of the polymicrobial nature of the local flora. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment of established infections is with antibiotics, with most people improving in two to three days. (wikipedia.org)
  • These infections were a very common cause of death around the time of childbirth starting in at least the 18th century until the 1930s when antibiotics were introduced. (wikipedia.org)
  • Does the evidence support testing for GBS and giving IV antibiotics during labor to prevent newborn infections? (evidencebasedbirth.com)
Opportunistic1
  • Opportunistic infections are common, while perinatal outcome is also poor with increased frequencies of abortions, ectopic pregnancies and other complications. (who.int)
Wound infection2
  • Wound infection is more common with cesarean delivery . (medscape.com)
  • Those who underwent cesarean delivery have a higher readmission rate for wound infection and complications than those who delivered vaginally. (medscape.com)
Maternal mortality1
Complications1
  • Such complications are much less common now, and fatal infections are rare. (brainkart.com)
Postpartum period1
  • [ 1 ] The typical pain that many women feel in the immediate postpartum period also makes it difficult to discern postpartum infection from postpartum pain. (medscape.com)
UTIs2
  • In pregnancy, GBS can sometimes lead to urinary tract infections (UTIs), preterm birth, and stillbirth. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
  • However, it is somewhat uncommon for GBS to cause infections in pregnant people-it is the cause of only 1-2% of UTIs in pregnancy, and only about 1-2% of stillbirths (Steer et al. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
Prevention2
  • In addition, these recommendations propose a national strategy for reducing the morbidity of chlamydial infections by detection and treatment and through the prevention of transmission to uninfected persons. (cdc.gov)
  • Healthcare Hygiene magazine is a monthly publication providing news, information and education for all stakeholders in infection prevention. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
Endocarditis1
  • Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium cause a variety of infections, including endocarditis, urinary tract infections. (msdmanuals.com)
Vaginal8
  • Postpartum infections comprise a wide range of entities that can occur after vaginal and cesarean delivery or during breastfeeding. (medscape.com)
  • Local spread of colonized bacteria is the most common etiology for postpartum infection following vaginal delivery. (medscape.com)
  • Yet, infections develop in only 1% of patients who had vaginal tears or who underwent episiotomies. (medscape.com)
  • Increased risk of genital tract infections is related to the duration of labor (ie prolonged labor increases risk of infection), use of internal monitoring devices, and number of vaginal examinations. (medscape.com)
  • PPD 1-2: urinary tract infections risk factors include multiple catheterization during labor, multiple vaginal examinations during labor, and untreated bacteriuria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Oral swabs had the highest prevalence of C. albicans followed by vaginal/urethral samples (52.6 vs. 29.7) subjects had C. albicans infection at more than one collection site. (bvsalud.org)
  • Investigators developed two new animal models for the study of GAS infection biology and used transposon mutant library screens to identify pathogen genes contributing to colonization of the vaginal tract mucosa and infection in the uterine wall. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
  • They identified 69 GAS genes required for colonization of the vaginal mucosa in animal models and 96 genes required for infection of the uterine wall ex vivo. (healthcarehygienemagazine.com)
Intervention1
  • allowing prompt intervention in cases of infection. (bvsalud.org)
Morbidity1
  • Through education, screening, partner referral, and proper patient care, public health workers and health-care practitioners can combine efforts to decrease the morbidity and costs resulting from this infection. (cdc.gov)
Genital3
  • Genital tract infections are generally polymicrobial. (medscape.com)
  • After childbirth, a woman's genital tract has a large bare surface, which is prone to infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of genital mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma urealiticum and Mycoplasma hominis) infection and their drug sensitivity patterns in women. (bvsalud.org)
Tissues1
  • Erysipelas is a distinct form of streptococcal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, primarily affecting the dermis. (brainkart.com)
Cause infections2
  • However, GBS can cause infections during time periods when your immune system is not functioning at its highest, such as when you're very young, or if you have a chronic illness, or when you are very old (Steer et al. (evidencebasedbirth.com)
  • Lancefield groups K through V are streptococcal species of limited virulence that can cause infections in people who are immunocompromised. (msdmanuals.com)
Malaria2
  • 1 Pregnant women are more susceptible to the effects of malaria infection. (glowm.com)
  • 9 Malaria is the most important parasitic infection of humans and a scourge for millennia, but the burden of malaria infection in pregnancy and the detrimental effects on the health of mothers and their infants were not described in detail until early in the 20th century. (glowm.com)
Occur2
  • More than 4 million chlamydial infections occur annually (2,3). (cdc.gov)
  • sometimes occur ≥ 2 weeks after infection. (msdmanuals.com)
Cesarean1
  • In addition to trauma sustained during the birth process or cesarean procedure, physiologic changes during pregnancy contribute to the development of postpartum infections. (medscape.com)
Site of infection1
Spread of infection1
  • Many streptococci elaborate virulence factors, including streptolysins, DNAases, and hyaluronidase , which contribute to tissue destruction and spread of infection. (msdmanuals.com)
Treatment2
  • Used in treatment of infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci. (medscape.com)
  • [ 8 , 7 ] In women with these infections, placement should be deferred for 3 months after treatment and a physical examination should be performed prior to insertion to exclude any evidence of persistent infection. (medscape.com)
MORTALITY RATE1
  • Ignaz Semmelweis observed that women who delivered in one division of the hospital had a higher infection and mortality rate than those in another. (drjoetoday.com)
Mothers2
  • Twelve mothers were given clarithromycin 250 mg orally twice daily for puerperal infections. (drugs.com)
  • Ultimately, he concluded that the medical students were going from the dissecting room to the maternity room and transporting the infection from mothers who had died from the disease to healthy ones. (drjoetoday.com)
Parasitic1
  • certain localized infections - see body system-related chapters infectious and parasitic diseases complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium [except obstetrical tetanus] (O98. (who.int)