AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsHealth Care
Angiotensin IIReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 1Receptors, AngiotensinAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 2Angiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAngiotensin ILosartanTetrazolesAngiotensin II Type 2 Receptor BlockersAngiotensin IIIAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBiphenyl CompoundsSaralasin1-Sarcosine-8-Isoleucine Angiotensin IIPeptidyl-Dipeptidase AImidazolesReninBenzimidazolesVasoconstrictor AgentsBlood PressureAngiotensinsAntihypertensive AgentsAldosteroneHypertensionRats, Sprague-DawleyKidneyAngiotensinogenRenin-Angiotensin SystemPyridinesEnalaprilMuscle, Smooth, VascularRats, Inbred SHRCells, CulturedRats, Inbred WKYVasoconstrictionRenal CirculationDose-Response Relationship, DrugTeprotideHypertension, RenalEnalaprilatValineCaptoprilNorepinephrineRats, WistarRNA, MessengerChymasesAngiotensin AmideAortaBenzoatesMyocardiumBradykininCardiomegalyLisinoprilDiet, Sodium-RestrictedAdrenal GlandsNADPH OxidaseSubfornical OrganDrinkingVasopressinsHypertrophyHemodynamicsFibrosisHypertension, RenovascularHydralazineSodiumSignal TransductionDisease Models, AnimalVascular ResistanceArginine VasopressinHeart RateRats, Inbred StrainsSympathetic Nervous SystemKidney Tubules, ProximalZona GlomerulosaAorta, ThoracicSodium Chloride, DietaryPhenylephrineNitric OxideTime FactorsOligopeptidesInfusion Pumps, ImplantableNatriuresisGlutamyl AminopeptidaseCalciumRamiprilEnzyme InhibitorsNephrectomyRabbitsKidney GlomerulusMesenteric ArteriesMice, Inbred C57BLKidney CortexAtrial Natriuretic FactorEndothelin-1Aldosterone SynthaseHeartThiazepinesMice, KnockoutEndothelium, Vascular
ACE2ARBsAbstractDisrupting the renin angiotInhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor BlockersInhibitorAntagonistsCirculating angiotensin II levelsOutcomesReninPhenylephrine and angiotensinEffects of angiotensinReceptorsAldosteroneDeletion polymorphismCardiovascularPeptideBlockadeHormoneMetabolism0.01GeneACEIProteinPotentMethodsHypertensionCandesartanInfusionGlomerularPatientsSystemicInhibitEndothelial2020TelmisartanRegulationIncreasesActivatesInfectionPathwaysOxidativeClinicalConcentrationsHypertrophyDiabetic nephropathyAngIIACEIsValsartanStimulationResponsivenessCohortRatsLevelsHypertensiveMiceSubstancesSevere
ACE230
  • As already shown for SARS-CoV, the viral pathogen responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), ACE2 is the main cell receptor also for SARS-CoV-2. (bmj.com)
  • Within such framework, valuable insights into the molecular bases driving the complex interactions occurring at the SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 interface have been recently provided (8,9). (bmj.com)
  • As a matter of fact, it has been additionally claimed that the ACE2 upregulation putatively induced by these two drug classes, although elicited through different mechanisms, could favour SARS-CoV-2 human lung tissue colonization (12). (bmj.com)
  • Background: Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein serves as the host receptor for SARS-CoV-2, with a critical role in viral infection. (ubc.ca)
  • We aim to understand population level variation of nasopharyngeal ACE2 transcription in people tested for COVID-19 and the relationship between ACE2 transcription and SARSCoV-2 viral load, while adjusting for expression of: (i) the complementary protease, Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), (ii) soluble ACE2, (iii) age, and (iv) biological sex. (ubc.ca)
  • Bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression were performed to understand the role of nasopharyngeal ACE2 expression in SARS-CoV-2 infection. (ubc.ca)
  • Interpretation: Nasopharyngeal ACE2 transcription plays a dual, contrasting role in SARS-CoV-2 infection of the upper respiratory tract. (ubc.ca)
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) is a recently identified zinc metalloprotease with carboxypeptidase activity that was identified using our genomics platform. (acs.org)
  • Effect of an Inhibitor on the ACE2-Receptor-Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2. (acs.org)
  • An Active Site Inhibitor Induces Conformational Penalties for ACE2 Recognition by the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2. (acs.org)
  • ACE2 counteracts angiotensin II by converting it to potentially protective angiotensin 1-7. (nature.com)
  • We estimated ACE activity using the angiotensin II:I ratio (ACE-S) and estimated systemic alt-RAS activation using the ratio of alt-RAS axis metabolites to PRA-S (ALT-S). We applied mixed linear models to assess how PRA-S and ACE/ACE2 concentrations affected ALT-S, ACE-S, and angiotensins II and 1-7. (nature.com)
  • ACE2 also predicted angiotensin 1-7 levels and ALT-S. No single factor or the combined model, however, could fully explain ACE-S. ACE2 and ACE-S trajectories in severe COVID-19 did not differ between survivors and non-survivors. (nature.com)
  • A shift to the alt-RAS axis because of increased ACE2 could partially explain the relative reduction in angiotensin II levels. (nature.com)
  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus (CoV)-2 uses ACE2 as its primary entry receptor into human cells 4 . (nature.com)
  • ACE2 is a membrane-anchored protein expressed on the surface of type II alveolar cells and epithelial cells of the lung. (nature.com)
  • A protein called ACE2 is intimately involved in how SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, infects the body. (pharmalive.com)
  • In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv * preprint server, researchers investigated ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) levels among individuals with AD (Alzheimer's disease). (news-medical.net)
  • In the present study, researchers investigated ACE2 protein levels among post-mortem human brain specimens of the parietal cortex from two patient cohorts, including individuals with AD. (news-medical.net)
  • Cohort 1 comprised 60 Religious Order study participants, for whom ACE2 concentrations were assessed based on (i) the level of clinically ascertained cognitive impairment as none (NCI, n=20), mild (MCI, n=20), or AD (n=20), (ii) AD diagnosis based on neuropathological factors, and (iii) antemortem cognitive assessment. (news-medical.net)
  • The development of human Aβ and tau neuropathology in 3xTgAD mice was inadequate to elevate murine ACE2 protein levels, even after combining with HFD and age, two known risk factors of COVID-19 and AD. (news-medical.net)
  • In that study, it showed that treatment with traditional immunosuppressive agents reduced the ACE2 enzyme autoantibody in one patient, which corresponded to a decrease in symptoms. (dinet.org)
  • ACE2) in heart failure for years, explaining that traditional heart failure treatments that block the bad peptides in the renin-angiotensin system, such as ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, may be beneficial for COVID-19 patients who experience similar symptoms. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • With many health care professionals fearing that boosting ACE2 in patients may make them more susceptible to the virus early on in the COVID-19 pandemic, new information has been shown to be incorrect, according to the study. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades human cells expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • ACE2 is abundantly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells, such as the small and large intestines ( 4 ), and previous reports have shown that SARS-CoV-2 can infect the cells of the gastrointestinal tract ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Oral delivery of angiotensin converting enzyme (Ace2) and angiotensin1-7 attenuates pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. (upenn.edu)
  • Viral host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and viral nucleocapsid protein stained positive in specimens, making gastrointestinal infection with COVID-19-and fecal-oral transmission-likely. (medscape.com)
  • They identified a new association with a rare genetic variant at the Xp22.2 locus (rs190509934) that downregulates the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (cdc.gov)
  • The number of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 is relatively small, perhaps due to the lower expression of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) in children compared to adults. (bvsalud.org)
ARBs13
  • In this respect, while SARS-CoV-2-infected patients of older age with CVD comorbidities show a more severe clinical course and a worse prognosis, it should be adequately underscored that many of these patients in Italy are currently treated with ACE-inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which are considered the drugs of first choice for hypertension and other CVD conditions (6). (bmj.com)
  • Conversely, it has been also hypothesized that ARBs could result potentially useful in the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients (13). (bmj.com)
  • Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), formally angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists, also known as angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, or AT1 receptor antagonists, are a group of pharmaceuticals that bind to and inhibit the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and thereby block the arteriolar contraction and sodium retention effects of renin-angiotensin system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Angiotensin II, through AT1 receptor stimulation, is a major stress hormone and, because (ARBs) block these receptors, in addition to their eliciting anti-hypertensive effects, may be considered for the treatment of stress-related disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • Those patients taking angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were 35 to 40% less likely to develop AD than those using other antihypertensives. (wikipedia.org)
  • A 2014 Cochrane systematic review based on randomized controlled trials reported that when comparing patients taking ACE inhibitors to patients taking ARBs, fewer ARB patients withdrew from the study due to adverse events compared to ACE inhibitor patients. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some studies suggest ARBs can increase the risk of MI. (wikipedia.org)
  • ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may have anti-tumor properties. (jcancer.org)
  • ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the two widely used RAS antagonists. (jcancer.org)
  • We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) combined with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on metabolic, renal, and cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • There are several types of drugs which includes ACE inhibitors , angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and renin inhibitors that interrupt different steps in this system to improve blood pressure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blocker AT-1 (ARBs) in reducing the systemic hypertension (SH) is widely known. (intechopen.com)
  • We compared the effect of aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor (DRI), with that of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on albuminuria and urinary excretion of angiotensinogen , a marker of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activity. (bvsalud.org)
Abstract1
  • These patients might not have positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR or when no abstract was available, the full paper was examined. (cdc.gov)
Disrupting the renin angiot1
  • Objective To determine whether disrupting the renin angiotensin system with angiotensin receptor blockers will improve clinical outcomes in people with covid-19. (bmj.com)
Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers1
  • Chae YK, Brown EN, Lei X, Melhem-Bertrandt A, Giordano SH, Litton JK, Hortobagyi GN, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Chavez-MacGregor M. Use of ACE Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Primary Breast Cancer Outcomes. (jcancer.org)
Inhibitor9
  • Taken together, these experimental data add further concern to the fear that ACE-inhibitor or ARB-based treatments could worsen the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients suffering from simultaneously occurring CVD conditions. (bmj.com)
  • Angiotensin II receptor blockers are used primarily for the treatment of hypertension where the patient is intolerant of ACE inhibitor therapy primarily because of persistent and/or dry cough. (wikipedia.org)
  • How often are angiotensin II and aldosterone concentrations raised during chronic ACE inhibitor treatment in cardiac failure? (bmj.com)
  • OBJECTIVE Angiotensin II (AII) and aldosterone are not always fully suppressed during chronic angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor treatment. (bmj.com)
  • PATIENTS AND METHODS 91 patients with symptomatic (mean New York Heart Association class 2.7) CHF (mean (SD) left ventricular ejection fraction 29.9 (8)%, range 9-46%) were studied 4-6 hours after ACE inhibitor dosing. (bmj.com)
  • 2 , 3 However, the reductions in angiotensin II (AII) and aldosterone may not be maintained with chronic ACE inhibitor treatment. (bmj.com)
  • These data support an important role for both AmA and AmM activities in the metabolism of circulating angiotensins and establish both the value and limitations of amastatin as an inhibitor of peripheral angiotensin metabolism. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Moreover administration of inhibitor of AA metabolism ETYA blocked Ang II-induced increase in SBP in cPLA2? (immune-source.com)
  • Comparative Effects of Direct Renin Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Albuminuria in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. (bvsalud.org)
Antagonists5
  • The antagonists of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have been shown to interfere with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2 receptor expression in heart and kidney tissues. (bmj.com)
  • The issue of whether angiotensin II receptor antagonists slightly increase the risk of myocardial infarction (MI or heart attack) is currently being investigated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, no evidence of increased carcinogenicity due to angiotensin II antagonists has been found. (europa.eu)
  • Comparative assessment of environmental risk when using angiotensin II antagonists candesartan, losartan, valsartan, irbesartan, eprosartan and telmisartan from a Swedish perspective. (janusinfo.se)
  • Strippoli Giovanni FM, Bonifati Carmen, Craig Maria E, Navaneethan Sankar D, Craig Jonathan C. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease. (bvs.br)
Circulating angiotensin II levels1
  • To dissociate the effects of dietary sodium from those of circulating angiotensin II levels on glomerular receptor regulation, a fifth group was placed on high sodium diet and given a continuous infusion of angiotensin via an implanted minipump (100 ng/min) for 21 d. (jci.org)
Outcomes9
  • However, the devil is in the details of this study, he suggested, as not all outcomes were consistently improved with rivaroxaban. (medpagetoday.com)
  • The researchers found a high ratio between beneficial peptides (angiotensin 1-7) and harmful peptides (angiotensin II) led to better outcomes, including a lower risk of death and shorter hospital stays. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Our institution reported that abdominal pain is a risk factor for severe disease outcomes in COVID-19 ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, we explored the rationale for host genomic studies to our understanding of COVID-19 occurrence and outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • Two recent studies published in Nature Genetics used large sample sizes and a range of health outcomes to expand our knowledge base on host genomics and COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, the authors compared positive COVID-19 cases with household exposure to COVID-19 cases without household exposure to understand genetic susceptibility to study post-infection protection from severe outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods: This was a multi-centre retrospective cohort study that included all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases with definitive outcomes in Saudi Arabia during March 2020. (who.int)
  • Conclusions: Independent risk factors for critical outcomes among COVID-19 cases include old age, males, cardiac patients, chronic respiratory diseases, and the presence of two or more comorbidities. (who.int)
  • During the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ings, complications, laboratory test results including those pandemic, reports of a new multisystem inflammatory syn- from SARS-CoV-2 testing, imaging findings, treatments, drome in children (MIS-C) have been increasing in Europe and outcomes. (cdc.gov)
Renin14
Phenylephrine and angiotensin6
  • We therefore examined the effects of the alpha2-adrenergic agonist clonidine on mean arterial pressure, renal sympathetic nerve activity, and pressor responsiveness to phenylephrine and angiotensin II during hypotensive sepsis in conscious sheep. (monash.edu)
  • Pressor responses to increasing doses of phenylephrine and angiotensin II were measured at baseline and at 24, 28, and 32 hours of sepsis. (monash.edu)
  • MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Sepsis was characterized by hypotension ( 12 mm Hg), increased heart rate ( 80 beats/min), increased renal sympathetic nerve activity ( 70 ), and blunted pressor responses to phenylephrine and angiotensin II. (monash.edu)
  • Clonidine treatment prevented the further decline in mean arterial pressure, substantially reduced heart rate and renal sympathetic nerve activity and restored pressor responsiveness to both phenylephrine and angiotensin II toward preseptic levels. (monash.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Administration of clonidine during hypotensive sepsis reduced renal sympathetic nerve activity, restored vascular sensitivity to both phenylephrine and angiotensin II, and resulted in better preservation of arterial pressure. (monash.edu)
  • To evaluate changes in venous alpha 1-adrenoceptor responsiveness during chronic alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade, dose-response curves to phenylephrine and angiotensin II were constructed in 10 healthy subjects before, during, and after administration of terazosin 1 mg orally for 28 d. (jci.org)
Effects of angiotensin1
  • and releases arachidonic acid from tissue phospholipids which mediate or modulate one or more cardiovascular effects of angiotensin Bay 65-1942 HCl II and has been implicated in hypertension. (immune-source.com)
Receptors5
  • Mechanism of sodium modulation of glomerular angiotensin receptors in the rat. (jci.org)
  • Specific binding of 125I-angiotensin to high affinity glomerular receptors varies directly with the level of dietary sodium. (jci.org)
  • To investigate the mechanism of sodium regulation of glomerular angiotensin receptors, groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on one of three levels of sodium intake for at least 5 d: high sodium (7.39 meq/24 h), moderate sodium (0.88 meq/24 h), and low sodium diets (0.01 meq/24 h). (jci.org)
  • The time course of sodium regulation of glomerular angiotensin II receptors was studied in rats switched from a moderate sodium to either a high sodium diet or a low sodium diet plus furosemide. (jci.org)
  • Additional studies were undertaken to demonstrate that glomerular angiotensin II receptors are down-regulated by circulating hormone. (jci.org)
Aldosterone4
  • This study examined how common AII and aldosterone increases are observed during routine clinical practice. (bmj.com)
  • The main aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of AII and aldosterone escape in an unselected group of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) treated with ACE inhibition where compliance and dose titration are less rigorous than in clinical trials. (bmj.com)
  • Metabolic acidosis in CKD stimulates production of intrakidney paracrine hormones including angiotensin II, aldosterone, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) that mediate the immediate benefit of increased kidney acid excretion, but their chronic upregulation promotes inflammation and fibrosis. (nih.gov)
  • [6] Angiotensin II also stimulates the secretion of the hormone aldosterone [6] from the adrenal cortex . (wikipedia.org)
Deletion polymorphism2
  • The D allele of angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with the severity of atherosclerosis" Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine , vol. 46, no. 4, 2008, pp. 446-452. (degruyter.com)
  • Niemiec, P., Zak, I. and Wita, K. (2008) The D allele of angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with the severity of atherosclerosis. (degruyter.com)
Cardiovascular9
  • Furthermore, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cardiovascular system, highlighted by the occurrence of myocarditis, coronary plaque instability and myocardial infarction, coupled with heart failure exacerbation, makes a significant contribution to mortality in elderly patients (7). (bmj.com)
  • 1 Academic Unit of Cardiovascular Studies. (portlandpress.com)
  • Angiotensin II also increased cardiac infiltration of F4/80+ macrophages and CD3+ T lymphocytes cardiovascular oxidative stress expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers p58and CHOP in cPLA2? (immune-source.com)
  • These data suggest that angiotensin II-induced hypertension and associated cardiovascular pathophysiological changes are mediated by cPLA2? (immune-source.com)
  • is crucial for the development of Ang II-induced hypertension and associated cardiovascular dysfunction and hypertrophy cardiac fibrosis inflammation oxidative stress and activation of ERK1/2 and cSrc in mice. (immune-source.com)
  • Angiotensin peptides are short proteins that regulate the cardiovascular system and are altered in patients with heart failure and those with COVID-19, according to the press release. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Cardiovascular diseases represent an important comorbidity and there is evidence that OSAS independently relates to prevalent and incident systemic hypertension in many [ 3 , 4 ], but not all [ 5 , 6 ] population-based studies. (ersjournals.com)
  • Effective treatment for OSAS with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is associated with considerable benefits in cardiovascular comorbidity, particularly hypertension, both in short-term randomised controlled studies and in long-term observational studies [ 8 - 12 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • In the Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease (RISC) study cohort, 1211 normotensive individuals, aged 30 to 60 years and followed-up after 3.3 years, were characterized for lifestyle and metabolic factors, body composition, and ACE genotype. (lu.se)
Peptide6
  • Structure-Guided Chemical Optimization of Bicyclic Peptide (Bicycle) Inhibitors of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2. (acs.org)
  • Development of Potent and Selective Phosphinic Peptide Inhibitors of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2. (acs.org)
  • Researchers examined circulating angiotensin peptide levels in the blood of 110 people who were experiencing heart failure due to a heart attack or stroke at the University of Alberta Hospital emergency department and the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute in Edmonton. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • The measuring levels of either type of peptide on its own did not provide enough information, according to the study authors. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Trials giving peptide boosters to COVID-19 patients are starting in Europe, and the study authors and researchers intend to apply for Health Canada permission to study the effect of these treatments in both heart failure and COVID-19 patients. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictive peptide that causes blood vessels to narrow, resulting in increased blood pressure. (wikipedia.org)
Blockade1
  • To evaluate in a randomized control trial whether uninterrupted administration of angiotensin II (AngII) blockade medications influence estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients undergoing non-emergent coronary angiography. (ima.org.il)
Hormone4
  • The effectiveness of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in reducing heart failure mortality 1 may be largely attributable to hormone suppression. (bmj.com)
  • Angiotensin II acts as an endocrine , autocrine / paracrine , and intracrine hormone. (wikipedia.org)
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or ACE inhibitors prevent the formation of an hormone called angiotensin II. (gradspot.com)
  • The ACE gene provides instructions for making a protein called angiotensin-converting enzyme, which converts a hormone called angiotensin I to another form called angiotensin II. (medlineplus.gov)
Metabolism3
0.011
  • There was a strong negative correlation (r = -0.98, P less than 0.01) between plasma angiotensin II and glomerular angiotensin receptor density. (jci.org)
Gene7
  • AGTR1, a gene encoding angiotensin receptor type 1, was found to be markedly expressed in 10-20% of human breast cancer tissues, mutually exclusive with ERBB2 overexpression. (jcancer.org)
  • To our knowledge, angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE ) gene I/D polymorphisms have not yet been investigated in AS patients in Turkish population.This study was conducted in Turkish patients with AS to determine the frequency of I/D polymorphism genotypes of angiotensin converting enzyme gene. (molvis.org)
  • As a result of our study, angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism DD genotype could be a genetic marker in ankylosing spondylitis in a Turkish study population. (molvis.org)
  • also known as peptidyl dipeptidase A or kininase II), encoded by the ACE gene (GenBank NM_000789.2 ). (molvis.org)
  • In the second study, we collected ileum and colon tissue samples from patients with critical COVID-19 who required colonoscopy due to severe gastrointestinal symptoms and analyzed mucosal gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blots experiments, we compared changes in ETS-1 and ETS-2 expression, their protein levels, and the regulation of some of their target gene expressions at different stages of the ocular tumoral progression in the transgenic mouse model, Tyrp-1-TAg, with those in normal eyes from control mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
  • For example, two variants of IFNAR2 , a gene involved in the pathway for early immune response to viral infections, are associated with severe COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
ACEI1
  • In animal studies, ACEI administration has led to decreased neo-vascularization and VEGF levels[ 7 , 8 ]. (jcancer.org)
Protein7
  • It partially antagonizes AT 1 receptor-mediated effects such as vasoconstriction, fibrosis, and thrombogenesis by signaling through the G-protein-coupled Mas receptor, which promotes vasodilation and anti-fibrotic actions 2 . (nature.com)
  • Here we report two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cloned from memory B cells of patients recently recovered from COVID-19, and both mAbs specifically bind to the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, block the binding of receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 to human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2), and effectively neutralize S protein-pseudotyped virus infection. (medrxiv.org)
  • The protein expression of PLA2 but not PLC?2 PLD1 or PLD2 was also absent in cPLA2? (immune-source.com)
  • Also of interest C-reactive protein impaires angiotensin II catabolism. (dinet.org)
  • Mechanistically, delphinidin reduced ROS accumulation upon Ang II stimulation through the direct activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and subsequent inhibition of the activity of Rac1 and expression of p47 phox . (nih.gov)
  • ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNA and protein levels were much higher in the ocular tissues of Tyrp-1-TAg mice than in control ocular tissues from wild-type mice. (molvis.org)
  • However, a retrospective study comparing cohorts infected with either seasonal influenza or the more pathogenic influenza A/ H1N1 behind a 2009 pandemic found that the latter resulted in a greater degree of inflammation/C-reactive protein elevation. (medscape.com)
Potent4
  • The most potent ligands 4b,t were found to be equipotent with losartan and possessed either a 3-tetrazolylquinoline or a 2-amino-3-quinolinecarboxylic moiety, respectively. (unict.it)
  • Moreover, some selected compounds were evaluated for antagonism of Ang II-induced contraction in rabbit aortic strips, and the most potent compounds in the binding test 4b,t were slightly more potent than losartan in inhibiting Ang II-induced contraction. (unict.it)
  • Candesartan cilexetil is a potent, long acting angiotensin II (AT1) receptor antagonist. (fip.org)
  • Throughout the body, angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor of arterioles . (wikipedia.org)
Methods1
  • Methods: A cross-sectional study of n = 424 "participants" aged 1 104 years referred for COVID-19 testing was performed in British Columbia, Canada. (ubc.ca)
Hypertension10
  • In another study by Dr Wu and coworkers (5), focused on 201 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, the median age was 51 years and, among the 42% of them who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, 27% had hypertension, 19% diabetes and 52% died. (bmj.com)
  • COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has a highly variable clinical presentation and severity, with age, male sex, and comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension associated with increased severity risk 6 . (nature.com)
  • They inhibit the effect of angiotensin II, and they are used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. (jcancer.org)
  • [ 2 ] The percentage of patients engaged in hypertension treatment increased from 35% to 79% during this period. (medscape.com)
  • however, the age- and sex-adjusted rates of stage 2 hypertension decreased among non-Hispanic whites between 1988-1992 and 1999-2000, whereas they were unchanged for black and Hispanic persons. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] A multinational study in high-, middle-, and low-income countries showed that 46.5% of participants with hypertension were aware of their diagnosis, with BP control in only 32.5% of those being treated. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore it appears that metabolites of AA with Bay 65-1942 HCl pro-hypertensive effects contribute to the development of hypertension caused by Ang II in these mice. (immune-source.com)
  • This cross sectional study suggests that chronic intermittent hypoxia plays an important role in OSAS-related hypertension. (ersjournals.com)
  • However, the respective contribution of these mechanisms to established hypertension is unclear, and previous population studies of the association of hypertension and OSAS have not addressed this question in detail [ 4 , 20 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • A 5 cm larger WC at baseline increased the risk of developing hypertension at follow-up only in women (odds ratio, 1.56 [95% CI, 1.15-2.10], P=0.004) and in II genotype carriers (odds ratio, 1.87 [95% CI, 1.09-3.20], P=0.023). (lu.se)
Candesartan1
  • However, growth studies (28-32 days) of fish for four of the substances (candesartan, losartan, valsartan, irbesartan) show low toxicity, but mechanism-based efficacy data are completely lacking for all. (janusinfo.se)
Infusion3
  • The infusion of angiotensin II (100 mg/min) for 15 min or 2 h into anesthetized rats maintained on moderate sodium intake resulted in a 50% reduction in specific angiotensin binding that could not be reversed by the dissociation of endogenous angiotensin. (jci.org)
  • This conclusion is based on our finding that infusion of Ang II increased SBP measured by tail cuff as well as radio telemetry in cPLA2? (immune-source.com)
  • mice.16 31 32 In the present study Ang II infusion increased the urinary output of PGEM TXB2 20 in cPLA2? (immune-source.com)
Glomerular2
Patients28
  • In this respect, among over 9,000 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients in Italy who succumbed, 73% were hypertensive, 28% suffered from ischemic heart disease and 31% were diabetic, with their median age being 78 years, in comparison to 63 years of those surviving (2). (bmj.com)
  • Irbesartan and losartan have trial data showing benefit in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes,[citation needed] and may delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy. (wikipedia.org)
  • A retrospective study of 1968 stroke patients revealed that prestroke treatment with ARB may be associated with both reduced stroke severity and better outcome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Several studies have demonstrated a reduction of new skin ulcers and accelerated healing of nondigital ulcers for certain scleroderma patients after taking Bosentan. (mountsinai.org)
  • The study cohort included 172 patients with angiographically confirmed premature coronary artery disease. (degruyter.com)
  • D allele carriers ( DD+ID genotypes) were more frequent in the subgroup of patients with stenoses in at least four coronary vessels than in other patients including subjects with one-, two- and three-vessel disease (97.4% vs. 74.4%, OR=13.05, 95% CI: 1.81-100.00, χ 2 =9.84, p=0.0017). (degruyter.com)
  • A roundup of scientific studies on the novel coronavirus and efforts to find treatments and vaccines includes research on Covid-19 patients who still have symptoms 6 months after falling ill. (pharmalive.com)
  • Patients receiving treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACE-I/ARB) were recruited consecutively. (ima.org.il)
  • Genomic DNA obtained from 262 persons (122 patients with ankylosing spondylitis and 140 healthy controls) was used in the study. (molvis.org)
  • Since the majority of patients developed AKI after ICU referral and 40% of them were admitted to ICU within 2 days since hospital admission, these patients may have been already in critical clinical conditions at admission, despite being affected by a mild/moderate form of COVID-19, suggesting the need of early monitoring of these patients for the onset of eventual systemic complications. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, ACE-2 is highly expressed in renal proximal tubules, where SARS-CoV-2 particles were detected postmortem in podocytes of COVID-19 patients, suggesting that the kidneys could also be one of the targets of SARS-CoV-2 ( 6 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Well, interestingly enough, there is a study done on a drug by the name of spironolactone in rheumatoid arthritis patients. (dinet.org)
  • The results of the study showed that 76% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis responded favorably. (dinet.org)
  • Depending on how major bleeding was counted in the study, patients on the direct oral anticoagulant either fared similarly to the placebo arm (TIMI major bleeding 2.65% vs 1.87%, HR 1.43, 95% CI 0.97-2.10) or were worse off (ISTH major bleeding 5.94% vs 4.06%, HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.10-1.84). (medpagetoday.com)
  • The authors should be congratulated on the study results, as they measured things that patients with the disease truly care about," Jones told MedPage Today . (medpagetoday.com)
  • Most patients were on clopidogrel (Plavix), statins, or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers at baseline. (medpagetoday.com)
  • We conducted two single-center observational studies of patients with COVID-19. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the first study, the enrolled patients were distinguished based on critical vs. non-critical COVID-19. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, all patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 earlier 3 3. (scielo.br)
  • A recently published study also indicates that COVID-19 was detected in the stool of over 50% of infected hospitalized patients. (medscape.com)
  • Fecal shedding of viral RNA was also found in 20% of patients with COVID-19, despite real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing from two sequential respiratory tract specimens collected at least 24 hours apart being negative. (medscape.com)
  • Aims: This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with poor prognosis among COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. (who.int)
  • DRI and ARB reduced albuminuria in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes . (bvsalud.org)
  • Two clinician reviewers selected patients who and the United States ( 1 - 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • and 5) absence of severe respiratory illness (to concurrently received positive test results for SARS-CoV-2, exclude patients in which inflammation and organ dysfunc- the virus that causes COVID-19, by polymerase chain reaction tion might be attributable simply to tissue hypoxia). (cdc.gov)
  • In this prospective study, pediatric pulmonologists recorded and verified respiratory sounds in 76 pediatric patients who visited a university hospital. (cdc.gov)
  • This was a double-blind trial, with 8442 patients with class II, III, or IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less, receiving either LCZ696 (200 mg twice daily) or enalapril (10 mg twice daily). (medscape.com)
  • These metrics were examined among patients from the Veteran's Health Administration, study participants (weighting to the US population) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and insured individuals from the Optum® Clinformatics® database. (cdc.gov)
Systemic1
  • Bosentan is currently under study in the US for systemic scleroderma. (mountsinai.org)
Inhibit1
  • This finding pointed to the importance of interferons (IFNs), during the initial infection, for clearing SARS-CoV-2 and concerns about using glucocorticoids, which could inhibit IFN signaling in COVID-19 treatment. (cdc.gov)
Endothelial2
  • Angiotensin I is then converted to an octapeptide , angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), [9] which is thought to be found mainly in endothelial cells of the capillaries throughout the body, within the lungs and the epithelial cells of the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
  • One study in 1992 found ACE in all blood vessel endothelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
20203
  • Results Between 3 May 2020 and 13 November 2021, 2930 people were screened for eligibility, with 393 randomly assigned to angiotensin receptor blockers (of which 388 (98.7%) to telmisartan 40 mg/day) and 394 to the control group. (bmj.com)
  • On February 14, 2020, the first case of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in Egypt in a Chinese national 2 2. (scielo.br)
  • On October 2, 2020, this report was posted as an MMWR Early cases. (cdc.gov)
Telmisartan1
  • Intervention Oral angiotensin receptor blockers (telmisartan in India) or placebo (1:1) for 28 days. (bmj.com)
Regulation3
  • The present study explored whether SGK1 is transcriptionally regulated by angiotensin II and participates in the angiotensin II-dependent regulation of CTGF expression. (amrita.edu)
  • Role of aminopeptidase activity in the regulation of the pressor activity of circulating angiotensins. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The time course of receptor regulation closely paralleled changes in plasma angiotensin II. (jci.org)
Increases2
  • MR is the most common valvular abnormality worldwide, affecting over 2% of the total population and has a prevalence that increases with age. (nih.gov)
  • The incidence of target organ damage associated to CVD increases with age, and gender studies show global higher incidence in men for stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD) [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Activates2
  • Angiotensin II activates cPLA2? (immune-source.com)
  • Regarding the induction of inflammation, SARS-CoV-2 causes acute respiratory distress syndrome by activating the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which activates interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 via caspase-1 ( 11 , 12 ), and the NLRP3 inflammasome is known to be an important molecule involved in intestinal homeostasis ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
Infection16
  • Therefore, are the aforementioned factors and conditions able to shape the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in CVD comorbid individuals? (bmj.com)
  • Participants Participants were at least 18 years old, previously untreated with angiotensin receptor blockers, with a laboratory confirmed diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection who had been admitted to hospital for management of covid-19. (bmj.com)
  • According to a study published in the journal Science Advances, an international team of researchers led by neuroscientists at Harvard Medical School uncovered which olfactory cell types are most vulnerable to infection by SARS-CoV-2, which causes Covid-19. (pharmalive.com)
  • White-tailed deer are susceptible to experimental infection with SARS-CoV-2, subsequently shedding infectious virus and infecting naive conspecifics ( 5 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Surveillance studies have demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 infection in free-ranging and captive white-tailed deer in the United States and Canada, determined by viral RNA detection, antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, or virus isolation ( 8 - 11 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Because that respiratory pattern was present before study commencement, we did not attribute it to SARS-CoV-2 infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Mule deer 2 was euthanized 3 days after infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, it is unknown whether AKI results from a direct infection of the kidney by SARS-CoV-2 or it is a consequence of the physiologic disturbances and therapies used to treat COVID-19. (frontiersin.org)
  • Individuals with covert severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: Are they a critical booby-trap? (scielo.br)
  • Numerous researchers assume that there is an unobserved pool of these carriers because in many cases, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections could not be related to contact with persons with infection or to travel to epidemic areas. (scielo.br)
  • At that time, not a single case of SARS-CoV-2 infection had been recorded in Egypt, which raises many inquiries. (scielo.br)
  • At that time, no cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection had been officially reported by the Egyptian Health Authorities. (scielo.br)
  • The proactive approach to international collaboration and sharing of resources have enabled the discovery of previously unknown pathophysiological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and revealed the complex genetic architecture of COVID-19. (cdc.gov)
  • While we have made an impressive sprint to uncover the genetic anchors for response to COVID-19 infection just two years into the pandemic, the next major challenge is to use these biologic findings to inform treatment and prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • antigen test results, and antibody testing might be needed to The references were reviewed to identify additional relevant confirm previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. (cdc.gov)
  • In adults, olfactory loss is one of the earliest and most frequent acute clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (bvsalud.org)
Pathways2
  • The signaling pathways linking angiotensin II to CTGF formation are, however, incompletely understood. (amrita.edu)
  • ACEIs have also demonstrated anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic activity via the NF kappa B and apoptosis pathways, respectively[ 2 , 3 ]. (jcancer.org)
Oxidative2
  • The study aims to examine the effects of coenzyme Q10, (a bioenergetic antioxidant), on the indexes of left ventricular remodeling, oxidative damage, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) level after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with left ventricular dysfunction. (mdpi.com)
  • In addition, excessive levels of ERK1/2, P38 and JNK1/2 phosphorylation induced by oxidative stress were abrogated by delphinidin. (nih.gov)
Clinical5
  • One mule deer (no. 3) was tachypneic and coughing at arrival, and clinical signs continued throughout the week-long acclimation period until euthanasia at 3 days postinoculation (dpi) according to the study schedule. (cdc.gov)
  • We aimed to estimate the prevalence of AKI since it varies by geographical settings, time periods, and populations studied and to investigate whether clinical information and laboratory findings collected at hospital admission might influence AKI incidence (and mortality) in a particular point in time during hospitalization for COVID-19. (frontiersin.org)
  • Design of the remedē System Therapy (rēST) study: A prospective non-randomized post-market study collecting clinical data on safety and effectiveness of the remedē sys. (doximity.com)
  • The clinical manifestation of COVID-19 is broad and ranges from asymptomatic and mild upper respiratory tract symptoms to severe illnesses with multiorgan failure and death (2-4). (who.int)
  • The inhibition of neprilysin alone (in the form of candoxatril) was studied back in 1993 and reported in the journal Clinical Science . (medscape.com)
Concentrations2
  • Cohort 2 comprised 82 individuals, for whom the team investigated the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) concentrations in the human brain among individuals diagnosed with AD based on the Braak scores. (news-medical.net)
  • Angiotensin receptor blockers are relatively stable and can reach the aquatic environment at concentrations higher than that of many other pharmaceuticals. (janusinfo.se)
Hypertrophy2
  • Angiotensin II-induced H9c2 cell hypertrophy in vitro study. (tocris.com)
  • Through analyses of hypertrophic cardiomyocyte growth, fibrosis and cardiac function, delphinidin was demonstrated to confer resistance to aging- and transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and attenuate Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro by significantly suppressing hypertrophic growth and the deposition of fibrosis. (nih.gov)
Diabetic nephropathy1
  • Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Bain RP, Rohde RD. The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. (bvs.br)
AngII1
ACEIs2
  • There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that ACEIs might have anti-tumor properties[ 2 , 3 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • In addition, although still controversial, epidemiologic studies have found that the use of ACEIs was associated with decreased risk of developing cancers including solid and skin cancers[ 9 - 12 ]. (jcancer.org)
Valsartan1
  • In a study comparing beta-blocker carvedilol with valsartan, the angiotensin II receptor blocker not only had no deleterious effect on sexual function, but actually improved it. (wikipedia.org)
Stimulation1
  • In animals pretreated with captopril to block possible dexamethasone stimulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme synthesis that could influence tachykinin reactivity, we found that the corticosteroid effect on post- ozone SP reactivity was as marked as that seen in animals without captopril (n = 4). (cdc.gov)
Responsiveness1
  • There was no change in responsiveness to angiotensin II during the course of treatment with terazosin. (jci.org)
Cohort1
  • This is a retrospective comparative analytical cohort study of 300 newborns exposed and unexposed to COVID-19 during pregnancy. (bvsalud.org)
Rats2
  • Rats maintained on moderate sodium intake were killed 2 min after the induction of anesthesia with pentobarbital (50 mg/kg i.p.) or by rapid decapitation. (jci.org)
  • Despite a 50-fold elevation of plasma angiotensin II in anesthetized rats (424 +/- 154 vs. 8.6 +/- 1.0 pg/ml, P less than 0.001) angiotensin receptor density was unchanged (anesthetized, 1,016 +/- 126 vs. unanesthetized, 1,290 +/- 84 fmol/mg). (jci.org)
Levels7
  • Well it just so happens that vitamin D deficiency is correlated to increased angiotensin ii levels. (dinet.org)
  • People with lower vitamin D levels have higher angiotensin ii levels. (dinet.org)
  • I.E. it's not necessarily the vitamin D deficiency directly that is causing the autoimmune disease, but it's the resulting increase in angiotensin ii levels coupled with a sensitive body to it. (dinet.org)
  • Of the three patterns, DD is associated with the highest levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
  • selection was based on blood pressure and reported sodium intake levels as described below to ensure a wide range of values for these two related measures. (cdc.gov)
  • Two levels of standard are provided by the manufacturer for daily calibration. (cdc.gov)
  • For urine Na + , K + and Cl - , commercially prepared quality control material was purchased from CLINIQA in two levels (LIQUID QC TM 1 and LIQUID QC TM 2). (cdc.gov)
Hypertensive3
  • activation most likely through the release of arachidonic acid and generation of eicosanoids with predominant pro-hypertensive effects and activation of one or more signaling molecules including ERK1/2 and cSrc. (immune-source.com)
  • selectively catalyzes release of AA from tissue lipids12 and Ang II is known to Bay 65-1942 HCl activate cPLA2 to release AA cPLA2 appears to mediate the hypertensive effect of Ang II via AA release. (immune-source.com)
  • The hypertensive effect of adiposity is more pronounced in women and in people carrying the II variant of the ACE genotype, a marker of salt sensitivity. (lu.se)
Mice5
  • Transgenic heterozygote (Cx3cr1 +/GFP ) and control (C57bl6) mice were studied in these experiments. (arvojournals.org)
  • In this study, male C57BL/6 mice were treated with DMSO or delphinidin after surgery. (nih.gov)
  • We have studied the transgenic mouse strain, Tyrp-1-TAg, to try to gain insight into possible molecular mechanisms common to pigmented ocular neoplasms occurring spontaneously in the eyes of these mice and human choroidal melanoma. (molvis.org)
  • This is the first study describing the production and distribution of ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNAs and proteins using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in murine ocular tissue sections of normal control eyes and tumoral eyes from mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
  • We also demonstrated upregulation of ETS-1 and ETS-2 target expressions in Tyrp-1-TAg mice when comparing with the same target expressions in control mice. (molvis.org)
Substances1
  • However, it should be mentioned that the environmental risk is unclear for all substances studied. (janusinfo.se)
Severe5
  • In conclusion, angiotensin II was elevated in severe COVID-19 but was markedly influenced by RAS inhibitors and driven by overall RAS activation. (nature.com)
  • The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic of novel corona virus disease (COVID-19). (medrxiv.org)
  • AD-associated cognitive decay is commonly observed among seniors, who are disproportionately affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. (news-medical.net)
  • There are 2 categories of preeclampsia, mild and severe. (health.am)
  • A Multiple Dose Study in Participants with Severe Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis to Assess the Safety and the Way the Body Absorbs, Distributes, and Eliminates the drug SZN-043. (who.int)