AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Exercise TestExercise ToleranceExerciseRisk AssessmentExercise TherapyPhysical ExertionOxygen ConsumptionPrognosisPredictive Value of TestsElectrocardiographyRisk FactorsHeart RatePhysical EnduranceDeath, Sudden, CardiacProspective StudiesAnaerobic ThresholdFollow-Up StudiesMyocardial InfarctionTime FactorsPhysical FitnessAsthma, Exercise-InducedBiological MarkersTreatment OutcomeCoronary DiseaseAngina PectorisChest PainROC CurveTroponin TBicyclingStroke VolumePulmonary Gas ExchangeHeart FailureElectrocardiography, AmbulatoryNatriuretic Peptide, BrainSurvival AnalysisMuscle, SkeletalSeverity of Illness IndexProportional Hazards ModelsEchocardiography, StressCohort StudiesMultivariate AnalysisRetrospective StudiesMyocardial IschemiaCoronary Artery DiseaseLactic AcidDyspneaErgometryAngina, UnstableBlood PressureCoronary AngiographyArrhythmias, CardiacSensitivity and SpecificityEchocardiographyRestKaplan-Meier EstimateReproducibility of ResultsTomography, Emission-Computed, Single-PhotonTroponin IVentricular Dysfunction, LeftSportsDefibrillators, ImplantableHemodynamicsRunningRespiratory Function TestsSurvival RateHeart DiseasesRiskTachycardia, VentricularAnalysis of VarianceChi-Square DistributionCardiovascular DiseasesVentricular Function, LeftDipyridamoleAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsSyncopeHeartRespirationAge FactorsCase-Control StudiesCardiovascular Physiological PhenomenaPhysical Education and TrainingDouble-Blind MethodAcute DiseaseOxygenChronic DiseaseThallium RadioisotopesAcute Coronary SyndromeMyocardial Perfusion ImagingDiagnostic Techniques, CardiovascularBrugada SyndromePulmonary EmbolismWalkingForced Expiratory VolumeHeart Function TestsReference ValuesTroponinRegression AnalysisBreathing ExercisesMetabolic EquivalentSex Factors
InfarctionIschemiaEchocardiographyTool for improving risk straIncluding myocardial perfusionChest painFurther risk stratificationImprove risk stratificationDiagnosisSPECTNuclear myocardialPerfusion reserveBiomarkerTreadmillMortalityCardiopulmonary exerciseTroponinOutcomesAcute coronaryNecrosisInfarctionsAssessSymptomsCardiologyAtrial fibrillationHypertensionIschaemiaDetectionFibrosisFactorsVentricularElectrocardiogramOxygenPopulationsStressComorbiditiesRevascularizationPredictorSensitivityPatients with Coronary Heart DChronicCoronary angiographyStrokeMethodsPrematureMetabolicAlgorithmAbnormalModalitiesPhysiologicHaemodynamicIncrementalScanComplications
Infarction31
Ischemia10
  • Myocardial ischemia is a disorder that is usually caused by a critical coronary artery obstruction, which is also known as atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD). (medscape.com)
  • Diagnosing myocardial ischemia prior to a heart attack is important. (medscape.com)
  • Whatever the etiology, the final common pathway of AMI includes myocardial ischemia (resulting in hypoxia), release of inflammatory cytokines, and cell death. (medscape.com)
  • Vaccarino and colleagues present the largest (n = 918) and most diverse (34% women, 40% black individuals) observational study investigating the association between mental stress ischemia, conventional stress ischemia, and future cardiac events in patients with known CHD using contemporary myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging. (allenpress.com)
  • SCAD was defined as epicardial coronary artery diameter stenosis ≥90% or epicardial coronary artery diameter stenosis ≥75% accompanied by symptoms or stress-induced myocardial ischemia. (medscimonit.com)
  • These tests are crucial in identifying problems like ischemia and coronary artery disease that can cause chest pain (Stepinska et al. (originalnursingpapers.com)
  • Ischemia adds risk that is incremental to clinical risks and LV dysfunction. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In nondiabetic patients, a number of factors may be used to stratify the level of risk of coronary disease, including clinical history, resting ventricular function, exercise capacity, the presence and extent of ischemia at single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT), or stress echo. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • On admission and a three hours follow up, then you really know this patient has a low risk and he has no on-going ischemia, and you can really send this patient home without any major concern. (aacc.org)
  • 4-7 Angina pectoris is defined as chest discomfort attributed to myocardial ischemia. (uscjournal.com)
Echocardiography10
Tool for improving risk stra1
  • At present MTWA cannot be endorsed as a tool for improving risk stratification in HF. (gla.ac.uk)
Including myocardial perfusion1
  • Cardiac MRI (CMR), including myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) may be a novel imaging biomarker in AS. (le.ac.uk)
Chest pain10
  • Background Patients presenting with acute chest pain without a rise in cardiac troponins are considered to be at low risk of adverse cardiac events and are often considered for early discharge without further inpatient investigation. (bmj.com)
  • Objective To assess current practice in the risk stratification of patients presenting with acute chest pain to emergency departments (EDs) in England who do not develop a rise in cardiac markers. (bmj.com)
  • However, the further risk stratification of patients presenting with acute chest pain without a rise in cardiac troponin is inconsistent. (bmj.com)
  • For these reasons, CT may be suitable for certain intermediate-risk patients with stable chest pain who are referred for ICU because they have a clinical constellation suggesting a high risk of cardiovascular events, abnormal or inconclusive results on functional testing, or persistent symptoms despite medical treatment. (allenpress.com)
  • Dr. Amsterdam's research interests include: coronary artery disease, clinical pharmacology, noninvasive cardiac testing, exercise physiology, testing and training, women and heart disease, evaluation of low risk patients presenting to ED with chest pain. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Identification and Management of Intermediate Risk Patients in the Chest Pain Unit. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Aims - This is a retrospective study on 404 patients with chest pain suggestive for angina and with no history of ischaemic heart disease, which have performed a treadmill exercise stress testing and than after and a selective coronary angiography, from October 2008 to January 2013. (romanianjournalcardiology.ro)
  • Cardiovascular Testing and Clinical Outcomes in Emergency Department Patients With Chest Pain. (journalfeed.org)
  • Diagnosis and risk stratification of chest pain patients in the emergency department: Focus on acute coronary syndromes. (originalnursingpapers.com)
  • ACS is suspected when a person presents with symptoms, particularly chest pain, and especially when they also have known risk factors like high blood pressure, being overweight or a family history. (biomerieuxindia.in)
Further risk stratification2
  • Conversely, an incorrect diagnosis of an athlete's heart may put a young life in harm's way and waive further risk stratification and evaluation of family members for this genetic condition. (acc.org)
  • Initial evaluation should focus on characterizing symptoms and identifying risk factors, but further risk stratification using clinical decision pathways and biomarkers (cardiac troponin) is essential. (uscjournal.com)
Improve risk stratification2
  • Aims: (1) To improve risk stratification in asymptomatic patients with AS and (2) to determine whether MPR is a better predictor of outcome than exercise testing and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). (le.ac.uk)
  • Our ability to identify vulnerable populations, improve risk stratification, and understand nontraditional risk factors is essential to best stratify risk assessment. (allenpress.com)
Diagnosis7
  • Cardiac imaging is central to the diagnosis and risk stratification of coronary artery disease, beyond symptoms and clinical risk factors, by providing objective evidence of myocardial ischaemia and characterisation of coronary artery plaque. (bmj.com)
  • Coronary artery disease risk assessment that incorporates clinical factors, plaque characteristics and perivascular inflammation offers a more comprehensive individualised approach to quantify and stratify coronary artery disease risk, with potential healthcare benefits for prevention, diagnosis and treatment recommendations. (bmj.com)
  • The diagnosis of ALCAPA is suspected in irritable anxious infants presenting with pain while feeding (a modified stress test). (medscape.com)
  • Depending on which disorder you are looking to identify, Holter monitoring, exercise testing and cross-sectional imaging can be invaluable in reaching a diagnosis. (escardio.org)
  • High-sensitivity TnT (hsTnT) has been proposed to improve the diagnosis and stratification in acute coronary syndromes. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, the diagnosis of AMI relies strongly on serial testing and interpretation of cTn kinetics. (han.nl)
  • In general, the diagnosis of nutritional state is obtained through the evaluation of nutritional risk, as determined by the Body Mass Index (BMI), which is also known as Quetelet's index 7 . (bvsalud.org)
SPECT6
  • Conclusions - In modern era where imagistic stress testing seems to have a better sensitivity, the old fashioned electrocardiographic stress test continues to have a good sensitivity and remains, due to the larger accessibility and lower cost compared with other techniques (stress echography, stress SPECT, myocardial perfusion imaging) the first option in the diagnostic algorithm of coronary artery disease. (romanianjournalcardiology.ro)
  • Transient ischemic dilation (TID) in the setting of abnormal stress-rest cardiac SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has been linked with increased cardiovascular risk. (snmjournals.org)
  • In this study, cardiac CT was used to evaluate the prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions and the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with TID of the left ventricle with or without associated myocardial perfusion defects on SPECT MPI. (snmjournals.org)
  • The presence of TID with an otherwise normal SPECT MPI study does not translate into a greater extent of coronary artery disease as assessed by cardiac CT or increased risk for future major adverse cardiac events. (snmjournals.org)
  • Transient ischemic dilation (TID) on stress SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is defined as the apparent presence of left ventricular (LV) dilation on poststress relative to rest images. (snmjournals.org)
  • TID in the setting of an abnormal SPECT MPI study has also been linked with increased cardiovascular risk and poor cardiovascular outcomes ( 8 - 11 ). (snmjournals.org)
Nuclear myocardial1
  • Currently, nuclear myocardial scans include both perfusion and gated wall motion images. (medscape.com)
Perfusion reserve2
  • One potentially important physiologic parameter obtained by these newer technologies is the myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR). (medscape.com)
  • In patients with ischemic heart disease who undergo revascularization based on PET viability assessment with fludeoxyglucose F-18 (F-18 FDG), those with a low myocardial perfusion reserve were at an increased risk of adverse cardiac events. (medscape.com)
Biomarker2
  • Serum troponin (Tn) elevation is a specific and well-established necrosis biomarker in ACS, being the only biomarker currently used for risk stratification and guided invasive management decision in non-STEACS [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Establishing the link between myocardial fibrosis (measured on CMR and validated through histology), with early ventricular dysfunction, will offer physicians a novel non-invasive biomarker that can further inform the timing of surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
Treadmill6
  • Of the 330 patients who underwent MTWA treadmill testing, 100 (30%) were positive, 78 (24%) were negative and 152 (46%) were indeterminate. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Conclusion MTWA treadmill-testing was not widely applicable in typical patients with HF and failed to predict mortality risk. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Many clinicians who see athletes often prefer a CPX to standard treadmill exercise testing (TMET). (acc.org)
  • According to research - Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Long-term Mortality Among Adults Undergoing Exercise Treadmill Testing - which appears on JAMA Network Open Cardiology in October 2018, "newer evidence has suggested associations between habitual vigorous exercise and potentially pathologic cardiovascular findings, including atrial fibrillation, coronary artery calcification, myocardial fibrosis, and aortic dilation. (maxwellnutrition.com)
  • As a result, researchers from the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, chose to assess, "the association between aerobic fitness and all-cause mortality among the largest reported cohort, to our knowledge, of adult patients undergoing ETT (exercise treadmill testing) at a tertiary care center," in a retrospective study. (maxwellnutrition.com)
  • The CRF was quantified as peak estimated METs (measure of metabolism) and was determined based on treadmill grade and speed at peak exercise. (maxwellnutrition.com)
Mortality8
  • The objectives of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation are to increase functional capacity level, reduce anginal symptoms and disability, improve quality of life, modify coronary risk factors, and reduce morbidity and mortality rates. (mdpi.com)
  • One-way Cox proportional risk analysis was performed to assess the risk stratification value of the De Ritis ratio, using major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and all-cause mortality as the primary and secondary endpoints, respectively. (medscimonit.com)
  • Multifactorial Cox regression analysis revealed that a high De Ritis ratio was an independent risk factor for MACCE (HR=2.96, 95% CI: 1.29-6.78, P =0.01) and all-cause mortality (HR=3.61, 95% Cl: 1.31-9.86, P =0.012). (medscimonit.com)
  • A high De Ritis ratio was an independent and valuable risk stratification factor for MACCE and all-cause mortality in patients with SCAD after PCI. (medscimonit.com)
  • Methods PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, The Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched systematically for studies reporting exercise capacity and late outcome such as mortality, cardiac transplantation and hospitalisation. (bmj.com)
  • An individual approach focusing on individual risk stratification and operative mortality is required until more robust, randomised trial data are available. (bmj.com)
  • Data from the 1997-2004 National Health Interview Survey Sample Adult questionnaires were linked to the National Death Index (N=242,397) to examine mortality risks associated with average and episodic heavy drinking. (cdc.gov)
  • Cox proportional hazard models (Stata 12.0) revealed that (average) heavier drinkers and episodic heavy drinkers (5+ in a day) had increased mortality risks but when examined together, episodic heavy drinking added only modest to the mortality risks of Author Manuscript light and moderate drinkers. (cdc.gov)
Cardiopulmonary exercise4
  • Reduced myocardial oxygen consumption with metabolic (cardiopulmonary) exercise testing provides an independent and quantitative assessment of functional limitation for individual patients when the personal history is ambiguous, and also guides eligibility for heart transplant. (unifi.it)
  • Exercise capacity assessment delivers crucial information for exercise prescription guidance in cardiac rehabilitation programs, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing should ideally be executed. (mdpi.com)
  • Cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) testing is useful in differentiating athlete's heart from HCM. (acc.org)
  • 3 To address these challenges, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has emerged as a potential tool for risk stratification and clinical decision making in assessing current haemodynamic status, prognosis and planning interventions. (bmj.com)
Troponin8
  • Conclusions The use of troponin as a diagnostic test and risk stratification tool appears to be used universally in England. (bmj.com)
  • It has been shown that even very small elevation in the troponin concentration is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in patients with ACS [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Cardiac Troponin in Endurance Exercise-Fragments of the Imagination or Clinical Significance? (westminster.ac.uk)
  • Cardiac troponin is a cardio specific protein that is detectable in the blood of patients with myocardial injury with sensitive and specific assays. (aacc.org)
  • So always when troponin is elevated, it indicates myocardial injury, and so it is really challenging for the clinician to really be certain that this injury is clinic or has any other causes. (aacc.org)
  • So what needs to be done is that as we have done it also in past is that we need to do additional testing to understand the cause of troponin elevations, and that is what we have done in clinical practice anyway. (aacc.org)
  • So you do need additional testing to account for the many possibilities of troponin elevation such as heart failure or toxic injury or inflammation and so forth. (aacc.org)
  • 17, (2014), pp. 1788-1795) OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to test the unverified assumption that chronically elevated cardiac troponin T (cTnT) levels fluctuate randomly around a homeostatic set point. (han.nl)
Outcomes5
  • the post-test probability that results will lead to a change in management and improved outcomes. (acc.org)
  • Exercise impairment is recognised as a valuable and powerful prognostic marker of late outcomes in adult patients with acquired heart failure, and data from several studies suggest a similar prognostic value in the general population of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). (bmj.com)
  • Thus, incorporating sustainable exercise modalities that improve cardio-metabolic risk factors can improve health outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Co-occurring chronic health conditions elevate the risk of poor health outcomes such as death and disability, are associated with poor quality of life, and magnify the complexities of self-management, care coordination, and treatment planning. (cdc.gov)
  • Author Manuscript large, nationally representative sample and the wide range of information collected on respondent alcohol use and factors associated with both at-risk drinking and health outcomes. (cdc.gov)
Acute coronary1
Necrosis2
  • Cardiac troponins are components of the contractile apparatus of cardiomyocytes and are released during myocardial necrosis in patients with ACS [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Erosion or rupture of the plaque leads to the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) that blocks the flow of blood to the heart, starving it of oxygen and ultimately leading to myocardial necrosis (tissue death in the heart muscle). (biomerieuxindia.in)
Infarctions2
  • It is most often used in patients who have had myocardial infarctions (heart attacks) or other heart damage to see if they are at high risk of developing a potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia. (wikipedia.org)
  • ED stress testing, in addition to standard workup with ECG and biomarkers, led to more downstream testing (angiography) and more interventions (PCI or CABG), but this didn't translate into fewer acute myocardial infarctions at one year. (journalfeed.org)
Assess4
  • New cardiac CT techniques can assess coronary artery inflammation by imaging perivascular fat, and this may represent an important step forward in identifying the 'residual risk' that is not detected by plaque or ischaemia imaging. (bmj.com)
  • First, two-dimensional imaging cannot assess haemodynamic consequences of stenoses, in terms of myocardial ischaemia. (bmj.com)
  • The Chi-square test was used to assess differences in the trends of macronutrient intake among T2DM patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • A thorough preoperative medical evaluation may require input from nonsurgical consultants (eg, internists, cardiologists, pulmonologists) to help assess surgical risk. (msdmanuals.com)
Symptoms2
  • Historically, evaluation of CAD was guided by symptoms, and crude measures of myocardial ischaemia with limited sensitivity and specificity from exercise ECG (ExECG) and other stress tests. (bmj.com)
  • They were also asked how far they could walk before being stopped by symptoms, and then tested on their ability to estimate distance. (bmj.com)
Cardiology2
  • Among the techniques of nuclear cardiology, myocardial perfusion imaging is the most widely used. (medscape.com)
  • The book is the fruit of a collaborative effort by a dedicated team of cardiologists, whose specialities span the entire field of cardiology, and offers a practical approach to exercise prescription in cardiac rehabilitation in line with American and European guidelines, and inspired by local experience. (mdpi.com)
Atrial fibrillation3
Hypertension1
  • Among males and females, self-reported hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia were significantly associated with MI and diabetes was a significant risk factor for women. (who.int)
Ischaemia1
  • However, coronary artery disease risk is also driven by biological processes, such as inflammation, that are not fully reflected by severity of stenosis, myocardial ischaemia or by coronary plaque features. (bmj.com)
Detection3
  • Cardiac CT (CCT) imaging has transformed the detection, characterisation and stratification of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk in individuals. (bmj.com)
  • However, the criteria defining a high sensitive TnT (hsTnT) assay are still under debate, whereas a cutoff point of TnT for risk stratification in patients with ACS remains difficult to establish due to the heterogeneity of the used detection techniques among different laboratories [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Abstract: Purpose - Exercise stress testing (ET) is a valuable screening test for the detection of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). (romanianjournalcardiology.ro)
Fibrosis2
  • Subclinical reduction in LV strain before mitral repair predicts a fall in LV ejection fraction following surgery and is thought to reflect the development of myocardial fibrosis in response to chronic volume overload. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Myocardial fibrosis can be detected non-invasively using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging techniques as an expansion of the extracellular volume (ECV). (biomedcentral.com)
Factors17
  • Very low or zero CACS is reassuring and clinically valuable, but age and other prevalent risk factors are major drivers of CACS, 1 such that most middle-aged or older patients in higher cardiovascular risk groups have elevated CACS. (bmj.com)
  • These elevated risks generally persist after demographic and clinical risk factors are accounted for and may be partly attributed to chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation. (natap.org)
  • The conclusions included, "findings (that) emphasize the importance of aerobic fitness in overall health, including the magnitude of benefit of increased CRF in relation to traditional clinical risk factors and the incremental survival advantage of extremely high fitness. (maxwellnutrition.com)
  • It was also observed that benefits of "extremely high fitness" may be reduced in individuals suffering with coronary artery disease or certain cardiac risk factors. (maxwellnutrition.com)
  • Some factors, like age, can be beyond your control, but making lifestyle changes, including increasing exercise and managing stress, can help improve HRV. (healthline.com)
  • Baseline characteristics and cardiac risk factors were the same whether seen on the weekday or weekend, except it was more convenient to do ED stress tests on the weekdays. (journalfeed.org)
  • One of the main risk factors for T2DM and its complications is a sedentary lifestyle [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the patient's history should be reviewed as expeditiously as possible, particularly for allergies and to help identify factors that increase risk of emergency surgery (eg, history of bleeding problems or adverse anesthetic reactions). (msdmanuals.com)
  • [3] It is estimated that dietary risk factors are associated with 53% of CVD deaths. (wikipedia.org)
  • [3] Treating risk factors, such as high blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes is also beneficial. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prevention of ACS starts with healthy living and sometimes medication to lower risk factors . (biomerieuxindia.in)
  • from identifying priority areas for stratification, to discovering candidate factors that may predict treatment response, through to trials and health technology assessment that examine the impact of stratified medicine approaches in healthcare. (bmj.com)
  • This study assessed patterns of both singular and multiple chronic conditions, behavioral risk factors, and quality of life in a population-based sample. (cdc.gov)
  • We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of chronic conditions and to explore associations of latent class membership with sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors, and health. (cdc.gov)
  • Metabolites as Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: a 12-year Follow-up Study. (medscape.com)
  • hs-CRP can be ordered for patients with some established risk factors of coronary heart disease to determine strategy for prevention of cardiovascular events and for follow-up of patients with acute coronary syndromes. (medscape.com)
  • are becoming increasingly important and The sampling frame was representative there is an urgent need to understand which nationally and stratified by region, gover- risk factors to target in health prevention norate, major city, urban (localities with campaigns for MI. (who.int)
Ventricular2
  • Multiple prospective clinical trials indicate that patients from broad groups of at risk populations who test MTWA negative will likely live ventricular event-free for 12 to 24 months after their initial MTWA test. (wikipedia.org)
  • Background Ventricular arrhythmias contribute to the high risk of death in heart failure (HF) and can be treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). (gla.ac.uk)
Electrocardiogram3
  • The TWA test uses an electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement of the heart's electrical conduction using electrodes attached to one's torso. (wikipedia.org)
  • A low-risk patient may only require a clinical evaluation and a stress test or electrocardiogram, while a high-risk patient may proceed directly from clinical evaluation to cardiac catheterization. (acc.org)
  • However, resting ST segment changes may be false positive responses for epicardial coronary disease ( 5 ), and false positive ST segment changes and poor exercise capacity may reduce the utility of standard exercise electrocardiogram testing. (diabetesjournals.org)
Oxygen3
Populations4
  • Large studies with long-term follow-up confirmed the utility of CACS as a predictor of cardiovascular risk in populations. (bmj.com)
  • Observational studies in highly selected populations have suggested that MTWA testing may identify individuals likely to benefit from a primary prevention ICD. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Book describes the basics of rehabilitation, functional assessment, early mobilization, supervised and long term exercise protocols, cardiac rehabilitation in specific groups, and finally, special considerations for the Middle Eastern and Saudi Arabian populations. (mdpi.com)
  • Inadequate vitamin D status has been associated with elevated cardiometabolic disease risk, although results are inconsistent, as evidenced by recent meta-analyses pooling multiple study populations (6-8). (cdc.gov)
Stress18
  • however, in patients with a moderate-to-high risk for CAD, an imaging study is essential along with the stress test. (medscape.com)
  • The MMA method uses routine, symptom-limited exercise stress testing or ambulatory ECG monitoring and standard electrodes and requires that chronic medications be retained. (wikipedia.org)
  • Less than 16% carried out exercise stress testing on the majority of patients prior to discharge from hospital. (bmj.com)
  • Exercise stress tests determine cardiovascular system response during exertion. (mdpi.com)
  • The study population included consecutive adult patients undergoing stress testing at the Cleveland Clinic from January 1st 1991 through December 31st 2014. (maxwellnutrition.com)
  • For instance, your heart rate increases when you exercise or experience stress. (healthline.com)
  • A positive stress test was found in 285 patients and 186 had significant stenosis on coronarography. (romanianjournalcardiology.ro)
  • The rest of 119 patients had either a negative stress test, an equivocal one or inconclusive (the inability to reach 85% of the target heart rate, and without any ST segment alterations). (romanianjournalcardiology.ro)
  • At the coronary angiography we found significant lesions in 32 patients (26.9%) from the group with negative, equivocal or inconclusive stress testing. (romanianjournalcardiology.ro)
  • Should We Be Doing ED Stress Tests? (journalfeed.org)
  • The AHA recommends stress testing in the ED or within 72 hours of ED evaluation in addition to standard ED workup with ECG and biomarkers. (journalfeed.org)
  • Studies like this continue to call into question the role of urgent stress testing. (journalfeed.org)
  • As expected, more stress tests were ordered on the weekdays, which led to more downstream testing, including coronary angiography. (journalfeed.org)
  • Despite more downstream testing and more coronary interventions (PCI or even CABG), the rate of AMI wasn't lower in the group that underwent more stress tests. (journalfeed.org)
  • If stress testing was beneficial, those tested should have had lesions identified and treated, with lower rates of future MI. (journalfeed.org)
  • Rates of AMI were not decreased in patients who had ED stress tests ordered. (journalfeed.org)
  • In fact, AMI rates were slightly worse in patients who had stress tests, though not statistically significant. (journalfeed.org)
  • The risk of death in patients with a normal scan was 4% per year, and this was associated with age and selection for pharmacologic stress testing. (diabetesjournals.org)
Comorbidities1
  • 3 The risk of AVR will vary depending on patient comorbidities, although it has been falling. (bmj.com)
Revascularization2
  • Current stratification of the risk in patients presenting with ACS without ST-segment elevation (non-STEACS) is based on the identification of those patients with higher risk of suffering adverse events (death, recurrent MI or urgent revascularization), estimated in a 15-30% of non-STEACS patients. (hindawi.com)
  • A further strategy would be to screen patients for existing evidence of coronary disease, with the intent of myocardial revascularization in those at greatest risk. (diabetesjournals.org)
Predictor1
  • Primary hypothesis: MPR will be a better predictor of outcome than exercise testing and BNP. (le.ac.uk)
Sensitivity1
  • Improved blood glucose levels, increased insulin sensitivity, prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes development, and decreased glucose concentration are all benefits of T2DM patients engaging in regular exercise [ 15 , 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Patients with Coronary Heart D1
  • Effects of Exercise Testing and Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease on Fear and Self-Efficacy of Exercise: A Pilot Study. (umassmed.edu)
Chronic3
  • Chronic limitation of exercise aerobic response is a central clinical feature of this syndrome, occurring because of decreased cardiac reserve and altered peripheral responses, 1 and is an important determinant of survival. (bmj.com)
  • As early and effective antiretroviral therapy has become more widespread, HIV has transitioned from a progressive, fatal disease to a chronic, manageable disease marked by elevated risk of chronic comorbid diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). (natap.org)
  • Multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) increase the risks of death, disability, adverse events, symptom burden, impaired functional status, and lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) (1,2). (cdc.gov)
Coronary angiography1
Stroke3
Methods4
  • citation needed] Two methods are currently FDA-cleared to perform MTWA testing in the U.S., namely, the Spectral Method, which was developed by Cohen and Smith at M.I.T. and was commercialized by Cambridge Heart, and the Modified Moving Average (MMA) method, which was developed by Nearing and Verrier at Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and is commercialized by GE Healthcare. (wikipedia.org)
  • Over the last 25 years, patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have been studied with a variety of methods employing physiological exercise that have made major contributions to disease management and are performed without increased risk. (unifi.it)
  • Exercise testing with a variety of methods has become an integral and powerful component of the noninvasive evaluation of HCM, and in some patients can determine treatment strategy. (unifi.it)
  • The contemporary risk stratification methods described in these guidelines allow for the identification of patient subgroups: patients who do not require further testing, patients who should proceed directly to the cath lab, and patients who will benefit from further anatomic or functional testing. (uscjournal.com)
Premature1
  • Patients were divided into hyper- to increase the risk of premature car- The data were collected from the Gulf tensive and non-hypertensive groups. (who.int)
Metabolic2
  • Association between metabolic syndrome and risk of incident dementia in UK Biobank. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Vitamin D may modulate various metabolic processes and may influence cardiometabolic disease risk in Canadians. (cdc.gov)
Algorithm1
Abnormal3
  • Patients who test MTWA positive or indeterminate for heart rate or dense ectopy (abnormal) should be referred to an electrophysiologist for further evaluation. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the MMA method, risk is defined by the peak MTWA level, with cutpoints of 47μV and 60 μV for abnormal and severely abnormal risk, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aims of this study were to evaluate the applicability of MTWA testing in an unselected cohort of patients recently hospitalised with HF and determine the prevalence and incremental prognostic value of an abnormal test. (gla.ac.uk)
Modalities2
  • Overall, the goal in evaluating a patient with SIHD is to systematically and efficiently utilize the multiple modalities that are necessary to maximize the identification of high-risk features without over-testing. (acc.org)
  • It details the technical aspects of different modalities of exercise for a broad spectrum of cardiovascular conditions and patient groups, and provides strategies to overcome existing barriers to physical activity in the local population. (mdpi.com)
Physiologic3
  • As a result, physiologic adaptations related to training such as increased myocardial thickness may occur. (acc.org)
  • In this article, we will review the physiologic cardiac adaptations to exercise along with arrhythmias seen in athletes with a focus on those commonly associated with sudden cardiac death. (scienceopen.com)
  • Physiologic adaptation to exercise is dependent on the type of exercise being performed and the degree with which it is performed. (scienceopen.com)
Haemodynamic1
  • 4 Current guidelines do not recommend intervention in asymptomatic patients unless they are in certain high-risk groups such as those with very severe asymptomatic AS or those with haemodynamic changes on exercise. (bmj.com)
Incremental1
Scan1
  • You need to do cardiac ultrasounds to understand his myocardial function, and if he has shortness of breath, you need to do a CT scan to exclude pulmonary embolism. (aacc.org)
Complications2
  • GWAS of random glucose in 476,326 individuals provide insights into diabetes pathophysiology, complications and treatment stratification. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The goal of a thorough preoperative evaluation should be to provide patients with a personalized surgical plan to minimize operative risk and postoperative complications. (msdmanuals.com)