TriphosphateP2Y12EpinephrineAggregationInhibitorReceptorThrombinReceptorsMonophosphatePlateletsMoleculeAgonistsCellularClass of antiplatelet agentsMagnesiumMoleculesGlucoseGranulesGlycolysisAdverseBiochemicalMutationsMusclesMembraneClopidogrelEffectsMethodsFatty acidsLevelsEndothelialPeripheral smearCoronarySubstrateProcessEfficacyContractionsAbnormalitiesTissuesInhibitionExamplesLiverForm
Triphosphate23
- Another potential cause is disruption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ̶ dependent resting membrane potentials, which cause sodium to flow into the neuron and potassium to flow out of the neuron. (medscape.com)
- The Krebs cycle is part of the aerobic degradative process in eukaryotes known as cellular respiration, which is a process that generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by oxidizing energy-rich fuel molecules. (encyclopedia.com)
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP, pictured) acts as the "fuel" in living cells that powers many energy-consuming processes. (chemistryviews.org)
- treatment reduced the upsurge in serum free of charge essential fatty acids by 48%, restored adenosine triphosphate (ATP) amounts, and activated carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1) activity. (woofahs.com)
- Hemorrhagic surprise caused by the increased loss of circulatory quantity impairs adequate air delivery to ischemic cells and reduces oxidative phosphorylation, that leads to a reduction in intracellular storage space of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) [2C4]. (woofahs.com)
- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), a molecule found in all living organisms is the immediate source of usable energy for body cells and their function. (hypertextbook.com)
- Excess neuronal nitric oxide (NO) production might cause adenosine triphosphate loss and cellular damage in hypoxic brain parenchyma. (asahq.org)
- After 120 min of hyperoxic recovery, adenosine triphosphate levels returned to control values in slices pretreated with L-NAME and 7-NI, but to only 30% of control in untreated or L-nitroarginine-treated slices. (asahq.org)
- As for the nitrogenous base (or nucleobase) component, the common bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and uracil (U). Depending on the number of phosphates that make up the compound, the ribonucleotide may be designated as monophosphate (having only one phosphate group), diphosphate (having two phosphate groups), and triphosphate (having three phosphate groups). (biologyonline.com)
- Eventually, uridine diphosphate (UDP) and uridine triphosphate (UTP) are produced down the biosynthetic pathway by kinases and dephosphorylation of ATPs. (biologyonline.com)
- ATP is made by adding phosphate groups to adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate. (beforethemusicdies.com)
- In particular, testosterone acts as a catalyst for the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which is required for the maintenance of cellular integrity. (erec-renewables.org)
- In biological systems, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the basic energy currency. (initmagazine.com)
- ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is a high-energy molecule that serves as the primary source of energy for cells. (vumc.org)
- The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate ATP and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH. (vumc.org)
- The end products of glycolysis are: pyruvic acid pyruvate , adenosine triphosphate ATP , reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , protons hydrogen ions H 2+ , and water H 2O. (vumc.org)
- Adenosine Triphosphate Energy is stored in the bonds joining the phosphate groups yellow. (vumc.org)
- Adenosine Triphosphate ATP Adenosine Triphosphate ATP is a nucleotide, that is used in various biochemical reactions as a coenzyme. (vumc.org)
- Creatine acts like a donor to adenosine diphosphate or ADP, providing a phosphate group to produce adenosine triphosphate or ATP, our muscles' primary energy source. (fitnessrxwomen.com)
- Approximately 40 percent of energy yielded from catabolic reactions is directly transferred to the high-energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (bccampus.ca)
- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the energy molecule of the cell. (bccampus.ca)
- The enzyme hexokinase (HK) catalyzes the reaction between glucose and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to form glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). (cdc.gov)
- Oxidative phosphorylation is a process that uses oxygen and simple sugars to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy source. (medlineplus.gov)
P2Y127
- Thienopyridines are a group of drugs whose metabolites bind irreversibly to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptors on platelets (P2Y12 receptors), resulting in the inhibition of ADP-induced platelet activation and aggregation. (jabfm.org)
- Adenosine diphosphate binds to several G-protein receptors, including P2Y12 and P2X1 [7]. (eotp.org)
- Platelet receptors for ADP include the P2Y12 receptor, which sends signals to suppress adenylate cyclase, decreases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, and promotes activation of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor (assembled on the activated platelet surface membrane from glycoproteins IIb and IIIa). (msdmanuals.com)
- The drug works by irreversibly inhibiting a receptor called P2Y12, an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) chemoreceptor on platelet cell membranes. (imexoverseas.in)
- Antagonists of the Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) receptor, P2Y12, may inhibit platelet aggregation as a result of stimulation with arachidonic acid (AA). (org.pk)
- 2 Antagonists of Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) receptor P2Y12 may block the P2Y12-dependent pathway of platelet aggregation and sufficiently inhibit platelet aggregation resulting from stimulation with arachidonic acid (AA). (org.pk)
- Clopidogrel is an irreversible inhibitor of the platelet P2Y12 adenosine diphosphate receptor, leading to reduced platelet aggregation and reduced clot formation. (mapmygenome.in)
Epinephrine1
- Platelets in patients with the syndrome have abnormal aggregation with collagen, thrombin, epinephrine, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). (giiresearch.com)
Aggregation9
- Reports indicate that oregano oil inhibits arachidonic acid-induced and ADP (adenosine diphosphate)-induced platelet aggregation. (selfgrowth.com)
- Available antiplatelet agents, such as cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors (aspirin), ADP P2Y 12 receptor antagonists, and GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors, are effective and save in the treatment and prevention of thrombotic events, these drugs interfere with the platelet activation process, including adhesion, release, and aggregation. (hindawi.com)
- In our previous study, several compounds extracted from this herb, including luteolin‑4'‑O‑β‑D‑glucopyranoside (LGP), were revealed to exert inhibitory effects on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‑induced platelet aggregation. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Upon vascular injury, platelets are exposed to the subendothelium, and several agonists, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin, are generated at the injury site, which can stimulate platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation. (spandidos-publications.com)
- further testing may include platelet aggregation tests, platelet flow cytometry, and in some cases, genetic testing. (arupconsult.com)
- Michal F, Motamed M. Shape change and aggregation of blood platelets: interaction between the effects of adenosine diphosphate, 5-hydroxytryptamine and adrenaline. (edu.pk)
- Various mechanisms, including endothelial cell nitric oxide and prostacyclin, promote blood fluidity by preventing platelet aggregation and dilating intact blood vessels. (msdmanuals.com)
- During activation, platelets release mediators of aggregation, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from storage granules. (msdmanuals.com)
- viscosity, reduced red cell deformability, The main objectives of this study were abnormal red cell adhesive properties, en- to assess platelet aggregation patterns and dothelial intimal proliferation, bone marrow levels of PC, PS and AT III in SCA patients or fat embolism and a chronic hypercoagula- in the steady state and in vaso-occlusive ble state [6]. (who.int)
Inhibitor3
- Rucaparib is a PARP (poly [adenosine diphosphate-ribose] polymerase) inhibitor. (medscape.com)
- The Company plans to initiate the Phase 2 portion of the TAMARACK Phase 2/3 study in patients with mCRPC who have had prior exposure to a taxane and at least one androgen receptor axis-targeted, or ARAT, agent (including abiraterone, enzalutamide or apalutimide), and a PARP (poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase) inhibitor, if appropriate. (macrogenics.com)
- Data being presented include results from a Phase 2 study evaluating the safety and efficacy of veliparib (ABT-888), a poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, in combination with two broad-acting chemotherapeutic medicines in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (abbvie.com)
Receptor1
- Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor inhibitors are a drug class of antiplatelet agents, used in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or in preventive treatment for patients who are in risk of thromboembolism, myocardial infarction or a stroke. (wikipedia.org)
Thrombin1
- Thrombin serves several functions, including platelet activation [4]. (eotp.org)
Receptors1
- PAR-1 receptors are also expressed in a wide variety of cell types, including endothelial cells, neurons, and smooth muscle cells, but the pharmacodynamic effects of vorapaxar in these cell types have not been assessed. (mdtodate.com)
Monophosphate2
- During these processes, it is converted to either adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). (chemistryviews.org)
- IMP is then converted into either adenosine monophosphate (AMP) or guanosine monophosphate (GMP). (biologyonline.com)
Platelets2
- However, platelets are also important contributors to thrombotic disorders, including atherothrombosis, which are the final events complicating cardiovascular diseases ( 2 - 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Second, platelets release chemicals, such as adenosine diphosphate (ADP). (msdmanuals.com)
Molecule2
- The molecule of creatine comes in several forms, including the monohydrate and ethyl ester. (beforethemusicdies.com)
- The products of this reaction are a molecule of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a lone phosphate group (P i ). (bccampus.ca)
Agonists1
- 7 AA (2 mg/ ml) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 50 µmol/L) were used as agonists. (org.pk)
Cellular1
- This ATP drives a variety of cellular functions, including muscular contractions and active transport across cell membranes. (initmagazine.com)
Class of antiplatelet agents1
- The latest class of antiplatelet agents, called cyclo-pentyl-triazolo-pyrimidines, includes ticagrelor and cangrelor. (jabfm.org)
Magnesium1
- Dominant mutations also resulted in different channel-gating defects, as dominant ABCC8 mutations diminished channel responses to magnesium adenosine diphosphate or diazoxide, while dominant KCNJ11 mutations impaired channel opening, even in the absence of nucleotides. (jci.org)
Molecules1
- When cells require energy, ATP molecules are hydrolyzed, releasing energy and producing adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). (initmagazine.com)
Glucose1
- It is produced during glycolysis through the transfer of a phosphate group from glucose to ADP (adenosine diphosphate). (vumc.org)
Granules1
- LROS include melanosomes, platelet dense bodies (also called delta granules), lamellar bodies of type II pneumocytes, and granule proteins of cytotoxic and suppressor T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. (giiresearch.com)
Glycolysis2
Adverse2
- Adverse effects of the drug 5-fluorouracil include Depletion of WBCs and RBCs (leading to anemia), Mouth sores, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, Skin rashes or hand-foot syndrome myelosuppression. (mapmygenome.in)
- Safety evaluations include incidence of adverse events and clinical laboratory parameters. (uci.edu)
Biochemical1
- The biochemical effects of neonatal seizures include derangements of energy metabolism. (medscape.com)
Mutations3
- To better understand the differences between dominantly and recessively inherited inactivating KATP mutations, we have identified and characterized 16 families with 14 different dominantly inherited KATP mutations, including a total of 33 affected individuals. (jci.org)
- As people age, mitochondrial DNA accumulates damaging mutations, including deletions and other changes. (medlineplus.gov)
- Mutations in at least three mitochondrial genes can cause cytochrome c oxidase deficiency, which is a condition that can affect several parts of the body, including the muscles used for movement (skeletal muscles), the heart, the brain, or the liver. (medlineplus.gov)
Muscles2
- they include the transmission of nerve signals, the movement of muscles, the synthesis of protein and cell division. (hypertextbook.com)
- The active structures involved in maintaining arthrokinematic motion include all of the muscles crossing the joint, especially the antagonists and proximal stabilizing muscles. (brookbushinstitute.com)
Membrane1
- As a result, all energy-dependent procedures including energetic membrane transportation are disrupted which impacts membrane-bound organelles such as for example mitochondria [5]. (woofahs.com)
Clopidogrel2
- Thienopyridines include ticlopidine (first generation), clopidogrel (second generation), and the most recent addition, prasugrel (third generation). (jabfm.org)
- Clopidogrel is a pro-drug requiring a two-step oxidation by hepatic cytochromes, including CYP2C19, 3A/5, 1A2, 2B6 , and 2C9 , to generate its active thiol metabolite [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Effects1
- Act (FQPA) of 1996 requires that factors to be considered in establishing, modifying, or revoking tolerances for pesticide chemical residues shall include the available information concerning the cumulative effects of substances that have a common mechanism of toxicity, and combined exposure levels to the substance and other related substances. (cdc.gov)
Methods1
- Some of these methods include eating foods rich in zinc, avoiding processed foods, getting plenty of sleep, and exercising regularly. (erec-renewables.org)
Fatty acids1
- Additional lipases including Diacyclglycerol and Monoacylglycerol remove the remaining fatty acids (Harvey & Champe 2005). (ironmagazine.com)
Levels1
- Energy-dependent ion pumps are compromised, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) levels rise. (medscape.com)
Endothelial1
- Factors that may contribute to this greater platelet reactivity are not completely elucidated and include metabolic abnormalities as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and conditions as oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Peripheral smear2
- The workup of a patient with a platelet-type bleeding pattern typically includes correlation with platelet count ( thrombocytopenia ), evaluation of platelet morphology on peripheral smear, exclusion of acquired causes of platelet dysfunction, and testing for von Willebrand disease (VWD) . (arupconsult.com)
- Initial laboratory testing for a functional platelet disorder includes a CBC with platelet count and a peripheral smear. (arupconsult.com)
Coronary1
- Other etiologies of myocardial ischemia include coronary artery embolism, which accounts for 2.9% of patients, cocaine-induced ischemia, coronary dissection, and coronary vasospasm. (statpearls.com)
Substrate1
- 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substrate includes at least one of a glass slide, a cavity, a well, a chamber, a capillary tube, a pipette tip, and a needle. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Process2
- Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphorus (P) are produced in the process. (hypertextbook.com)
- Agricultural field workers may be exposed soil used to grow crops including: strawberries, tomatoes, to iodomethane during or after the application process. (cdc.gov)
Efficacy1
- Infinity is conducting registration-focused trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of duvelisib, including DYNAMO TM , a Phase 2 study in patients with iNHL, and DUO TM , a Phase 3 study in patients with CLL. (abbvie.com)
Contractions1
- It can improve many aspects of anaerobic exercise performance, including strength, power, sprint performance and maximize muscle contractions. (fitnessrxwomen.com)
Abnormalities2
- A variety of both genetic and epigenetic abnormalities may be present in MM, the latter including DNA and histone methylation and histone deacetylation, and are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. (touchoncology.com)
- Various distinct genetic abnormalities have been reported in both MM and MGUS including epigenetic alterations such as DNA and histone methylation, and are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. (touchoncology.com)
Tissues1
- This cancer may have spread to the seminal vesicles or to nearby tissues or organs, including the rectum, bladder, or pelvic wall. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Inhibition1
- The observed inhibition of STAT5b by ATP is specific over other STAT protein family members, including the very similar STAT5a. (chemistryviews.org)
Examples2
- Examples of subtle seizures include chewing, pedaling, or ocular movements, these movements are thought not be epileptic in nature and more commonly are an epi-phenomena of severe encephalopathy. (medscape.com)
- Examples for the latter included an electrically heated steam cracker furnace [1] and methane pyrolysis. (chemistryviews.org)
Liver1
- Relevant of mutagenicity and clastogenici- angiosarcomas of the liver, which carcinogens discussed in this chap- ty, including the induction of sister are rare tumours, were identified in ter do not include pharmaceutical chromatid exchange (SCE), chro- humans, rats, and mice exposed to drugs classified in Group 1, which mosomal aberrations (CA), and mi- vinyl chloride. (who.int)
Form1
- These data highlight distinctive features of dominant KATP hyperinsulinism relative to the more common and more severe recessive form, including retention of normal subunit trafficking, impaired channel activity, and a milder hypoglycemia phenotype that may escape detection in infancy and is often responsive to diazoxide medical therapy, without the need for surgical pancreatectomy. (jci.org)