On the other hand, if it is a beta-galactoside, it is called beta-galactosidase, and is responsible for breaking down the disaccharide lactose into its monosaccharide components, glucose and galactose Both varieties of galactosidase are categorized under the EC number 3.2.1. (wikipedia.org)
Beta-galactosidase has many homologues based on similar sequences. (wikidoc.org)
A few are evolved beta-galactosidase (EBG), beta-glucosidase , 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase, beta-mannosidase, and lactase-phlorizin hydrolase. (wikidoc.org)
In recent years, beta-galactosidase has been researched as a potential treatment for lactose intolerance through gene replacement therapy where it could be placed into the human DNA so individuals can break down lactose on their own. (wikidoc.org)
Maternal, but not paternal, transmission of the targeted allele leads to beta-galactosidase activity in hippocampal and cerebellar neurons. (nih.gov)
Senescent cells show a distinctive feature called Senescent associated secretory phenotypes (SASP) which includes increased expression of p16 and Beta-galactosidase can be used as a marker for senescent cells. (ijpsr.com)
Beta-galactosidase -- The enzyme that splits lactose into glucose and galactose. (nih.gov)
Enzyme8
If the galactoside is classified as an alpha-galactoside, the enzyme is called alpha-galactosidase, and is responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis of substrates that contain α-galactosidic residues, such as glycosphingolipids or glycoproteins. (wikipedia.org)
β-galactosidase , also called lactase , beta-gal or β-gal , is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-galactosides into monosaccharides through the breaking of a glycosidic bond . (wikidoc.org)
However, the sugar cap of the nanoparticle is broken down by β-galactosidase , an enzyme that is overproduced in senescent cells. (gowinglife.com)
The enzyme, encoded by a 12-kb gene mapping on the long arm (Xq22.1 region) of the X chromosome, is constituted by a glycosylated subunit of approximately 55 kD, synthesized as an inactive precursor that undergoes maturation in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus before being delivered to the lysosome to form a functional dimer. (bvsalud.org)
In Fabry disease, the gene called galactosidase alpha (GLA), that provides instructions for making an enzyme called alpha-galactosidase A (α-Gal A), does not function correctly. (staarclinicalstudy.com)
Promising Fabry Disease Pipeline Therapies in the various stages of development include PRX-102, migalastat, Lucerastat, Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), 4D-310, Recombinant human alpha galactosidase A (agalsidase beta), and others. (usfinancialnewstoday.com)
Fabry Disease is a rare genetic disorder that prevents the body from making an enzyme called alpha-galactosidase A. This enzyme is responsible for breaking down a type of fat called globotriaosylceramide (Gb3 or GL-3) into building blocks that the body's cells can use. (usfinancialnewstoday.com)
Alpha-galactosidase is an enzyme that assists in the digestion of complex carbohydrates known as oligosaccharides. (wellvishealth.ca)
Galactose3
The hydrolysis of X-gal by B-galactosidase produces galactose, a blue colored compound. (wikipedia.org)
β-galactosidase is an exoglycosidase which hydrolyzes the β- glycosidic bond formed between a galactose and its organic moiety. (wikidoc.org)
β-galactosidase is important for organisms as it is a key provider in the production of energy and a source of carbons through the break down of lactose to galactose and glucose. (wikidoc.org)
Catalytically inactive2
These mice express a catalytically inactive fusion protein of the NH 2 -terminal part of HDAC2 and β-galactosidase, which fails to integrate into corepressor complexes with mSin3B. (aacrjournals.org)
We analyzed the power of Crz1p-ZZ to bind HA-Hrr25p by Traditional western blot evaluation and discovered that Crz1p-ZZ connected with both energetic and catalytically inactive HA-Hrr25p (Fig. 1C). (gasyblog.com)
Agalsidase beta1
Two recombinant forms of alpha-galactosidase are called agalsidase alfa (INN) and agalsidase beta (INN). (wikipedia.org)
Lactose4
Galactosidases have a variety of uses, including the production of prebiotics, the biosynthesis of transgalactosylated products, and the removal of lactose. (wikipedia.org)
To trace the activity of B-galactosidase a colorless analog of lactose is used, X-gal. (wikipedia.org)
Substrates of different β-galactosidases include ganglioside GM1, lactosylceramides, lactose , and various glycoproteins . (wikidoc.org)
One example is GOS, which are synthesized from lactose by enzymatic trans-galactosylation using β-galactosidases, achieving a degree of polymerization between 3 and 10 (Van Leeuwen et al. (springer.com)
LacZ1
The inactive allele contains a lacZ reporter gene for analysis of brain-specific imprinting. (nih.gov)
Subunits3
B-galactosidase is made up of 4 identical polypeptide chains, i.e. it has 4 identical subunits. (wikipedia.org)
In this study we demonstrate that MsGC-β3 does form active homodimers and also show that it is capable of forming heterodimers with the NO-sensitive subunits, although these heterodimers are inactive. (biologists.com)
If both give rise to proteins, the subunits combine to form functional β -galactosidase. (istudy.pk)
Recombinant2
B-galactosidase can be used to track the efficiency of bacterial transformation with a recombinant plasmid in a process called Blue/White Color Screening. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, when the bacteria is transformed with the recombinant plasmid B-galactosidase is inactive and the colonies appear white, but when bacteria are transformed with the original plasmid, lacking the target gene, B-galactosidase is active and the colonies appear blue. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrolysis2
Galactosidases are enzymes (glycoside hydrolases) that catalyze the hydrolysis of galactosides into monosaccharides. (wikipedia.org)
[10] The active site of β-galactosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of its disaccharide substrate via "shallow" (nonproductive site) and "deep" (productive site) binding. (wikidoc.org)
Complementation3
The amino-terminal sequence of β-galactosidase, the α-peptide involved in α-complementation, participates in a subunit interface. (wikidoc.org)
These structural features provide a rationale for the phenomenon of α-complementation, where the deletion of the amino-terminal segment results in the formation of an inactive dimer. (wikidoc.org)
Alpha complementation refers to the ability of β -galactosidase to be expressed as two protein fragments, which assemble to form a functional protein. (istudy.pk)
Fragment4
When the target gene is present, the alpha-fragment gene would be inactive and the alpha fragment won't be produced. (wikipedia.org)
When the target gene is not found in the vector, the alpha fragment gene would be active, producing the alpha fragment and allowing for B-galactosidase to gain its activity. (wikipedia.org)
We previously demonstrated an approach (Antibody-antigen Interaction Dependent Apoptosis (AIDA)) whereby a single anti-β-galactosidase intracellular single chain Fv antibody fragment, fused to inactive procaspase-3, induced auto-activation of caspase-3 after binding to the tetrameric β-galactosidase protein. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The vector has a short portion of the β -galactosidase gene (the alpha fragment), and the bacterial chromosome has the rest of the gene. (istudy.pk)
Gene3
B-galactosidase forms the basis of lac z operon in bacteria which can be used to control gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
If DNA is inserted into the plasmid-borne gene segment, the encoded subunit is not made and β -galactosidase is not produced. (istudy.pk)
Overexpression of an inactive mutant of Cav-1 lacking the tyrosine phosphorylation site (Y14F) or an siRNA-mediated Cav-1 knock down also resulted in marked attenuation of IL-1β-induced iNOS gene expression and NO release from these cells, thus further implicating Cav-1 in this signaling cascade. (diabetesjournals.org)
Plasmid1
In cells without an insert in the plasmid, β -galactosidase is active and splits X-gal to form a blue dye. (istudy.pk)
Glucose1
β-galactosidase synthesis stops when glucose levels are sufficient. (wikidoc.org)
Protein2
Jointly these findings claim that both PDE8A and PDE8B play important roles to keep low cAMP TCN 201 amounts thereby suppressing relaxing steroidogenesis by keeping CEH/HSL inactive and Superstar protein appearance low. (ece-inhibitor.com)
In vitro analysis revealed that a putative switch-protein kinase regulator, RsbW, is capable of interacting directly with σ 66 , as well as phosphorylating its own antagonist, RsbV1, rendering it inactive. (plos.org)
Senescent cells2
Senescent cells are mitotically inactive but are viable. (ijpsr.com)
Increased expression of p16 and β -galactosidase can be used as markers to identify senescent cells. (ijpsr.com)
Enzymatic1
When B-galactosidase is separated into 2 fragments, it has the unique property of regaining enzymatic activity upon the rejoining of the inactive fragments. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrolase2
Fabry Disease (FD) (OMIM 301500) is a metabolic X-linked inherited lysosomal storage disorder that results from the deficient activity of Alpha-Galactosidase A (Alpha-Gal), a lysosomal hydrolase that cleaves neutral glycosphingolipids with terminal N-linked galactosyl moieties, mainly globotriaosylceramides (Gb3). (bvsalud.org)
Substrate specificities == The founding member of [[glycoside hydrolase]] family 147, BACOVA_05493 from ''Bacteroides ovatus'' is a β1,4-galactosidase. (cazypedia.org)
Fragments1
When both fragments are present they would come together to restore the activity of B-galactosidase. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria1
When β -galactosidase is expressed, the bacteria can degrade X-gal, which turns the bacterial colony blue. (istudy.pk)
Catalyze1
β-galactosidase can catalyze two different reactions in organisms. (wikidoc.org)
Activity4
Lack of alpha-galactosidase activity in leukocytes has been linked to Fabry Disease. (wikipedia.org)
In cells which have inducible NF-ƙB activity, the factor is isolated in a crypic, inactive state from the cytoplasm. (osri.asia)
Addition of Ca2+ caused an increase in β-galactosidase activity indicative of Crz1p activation (Fig. 3A). (gasyblog.com)
In cells overexpressing experienced no effect on β-galactosidase levels (data not demonstrated) indicating that the kinase activity of Hrr25p is necessary for negative rules of Crz1p. (gasyblog.com)
Active1
In that case B-galactosidase will not be active. (wikipedia.org)
Levels1
Some rarer phenotypes give normal serum levels of an inactive α1-antitrypsin. (southtees.nhs.uk)
Expression1
This was first discovered by Herzenberg and co- workers who observed that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibited HIV LTR-directed expression of .β-galactosidase enhanced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and phorbol ester in in vitro HIV model systems (Roederer et al . (osri.asia)