Important gene transfer roles. Medical search. Frequent questions

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) or lateral gene transfer (LGT) is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by the ("vertical") transmission of DNA from parent to offspring (reproduction). (wikipedia.org)
Horizontal gene transfer is the primary mechanism for the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, and plays an important role in the evolution of bacteria that can degrade novel compounds such as human-created pesticides and in the evolution, maintenance, and transmission of virulence. (wikipedia.org)
Horizontal gene transfer is recognized as a pervasive evolutionary process that distributes genes between divergent prokaryotic lineages and can also involve eukaryotes. (wikipedia.org)
Some Lepidoptera (e.g. monarch butterflies and silkworms) have been genetically modified by horizontal gene transfer from the wasp bracovirus. (wikipedia.org)
Aaron Richardson and Jeffrey D. Palmer state: "Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has played a major role in bacterial evolution and is fairly common in certain unicellular eukaryotes. (wikipedia.org)
There are several mechanisms for horizontal gene transfer: Transformation, the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the introduction, uptake and expression of foreign genetic material (DNA or RNA). (wikipedia.org)
Clonal expansion and horizontal gene transfer may contribute to the spread of antimicrobial drug-resistance integrons in these organisms. (cdc.gov)
Four integrons, dfrA12/orfF/aadA2 , dfrA1/aadA1 , dfrA7 , and arr2/blaOXA30/cmlA5/aadA2 , were found in genetically unrelated isolates from 8 countries on 4 continents, which supports a role for horizontal gene transfer in the global dissemination of S. enterica multidrug resistance. (cdc.gov)
This study demonstrates that clonal expansion and horizontal gene transfer contribute to the global dissemination of antimicrobial drug resistance in S. enterica . (cdc.gov)
Evidence indicates that horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in the dissemination of antimicrobial drug resistance in other bacterial species, such as Escherichia coli ( 11 ) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)
This might well be another example of the rare horizontal gene transfer between prokaryotes and multicellular eu-karyotes. (asmblog.org)
These rapid adaptations in fungi provide excellent models for studying general processes of eukaryotic genome evolution, including the functional and ecological impact of horizontal gene transfer 1 and changes in metabolism 2 . (nature.com)
Marine bacteriophages play key roles in the community structure of microorganisms, biogeochemical cycles, and the mediation of genetic diversity through horizontal gene transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
Little evidence of inter-phylum horizontal gene transfer (HGT) was detected in Magnaporthales. (nature.com)
We used a horizontal gene transfer detection pipeline to screen for novel fungal genes tied to neuroactivity. (arcadiascience.com)
For example, by reducing the stress response in bacteria, you might be able to reduce horizontal gene transfer, the exchange of genes between bacterial species, which could reduce the spread of resistance genes. (rug.nl)
In vertebrates, gene duplications and retrotranspositions increased the size of each chordate Rho subfamily, whereas RhoH , the last subfamily, arose probably by horizontal gene transfer. (xenbase.org)
In this study, we report a horizontal gene transfer (HGT) event from fungi to an ancestor of Aleyrodidae insects approximately 42 to 190 million years ago. (bvsalud.org)
Concerns have been raised over the spread of transgenic DNA by horizontal gene transfer. (i-sis.org.uk)
One main factor determining the success of horizontal gene transfer is its tendency to recombine. (i-sis.org.uk)
On account of the persistence of DNA in all environments, and the ability of practically all cells to take up 'naked' or free DNA, the success of horizontal gene transfer may depend largely on the nature of the DNA itself. (i-sis.org.uk)
We built metabolic models from metagenomically assembled genomes (MAGs) and infer possible metabolic exchanges and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events within the community. (iitm.ac.in)
After discovering that the most interesting results of his first Ph.D. project were previously published, Callahan embarked on a second theoretical and computational project exploring polyketide synthase pathways in bacteria , and how horizontal gene transfer affects their adaptive evolution. (asm.org)
Genetic diversification of a biofilm offers excellent opportunities for horizontal gene transfer, improves resistance against stress, and provides a suitable environment for the metabolism of POPs. (mdx.ac.uk)

Understanding and predicting host tropism of influenza proteins lay an important foundation for future work in constructing computation models capable of directly predicting interspecies transmission of influenza viruses. (springer.com)
It must support the assembly of Fe-S clusters from constituent iron and sulfide species donated by other proteins followed by transfer of the nascent Fe-S clusters to other partners requiring clusters for their function. (bgsu.edu)
These two roles present an interesting conundrum, namely that scaffold proteins must initially exhibit robust affinity for Fe-S clusters as required for their assembly, and yet transfer of the Fe-S clusters to recipient proteins indicates lower affinity. (bgsu.edu)
The gene network of ADHD included 599 genes/proteins and 148,978 interactions, while that of dyslexia included 167 genes/proteins and 27,083 interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
When the ANDSystem and GeneCards data were combined, a total of 213 genes/proteins for ADHD and dyslexia were found. (biomedcentral.com)
In eukaryotic cells, chromatin comprises a complex consisting of DNA, RNA, and proteins where covalent modifications correlate with regulation of gene expression [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This domain occurred 412 times on human genes ( 937 proteins). (umbc.edu)
The function of the genes and corresponding proteins PttHb1 and PttTrHb were studied using non-transgenic and VHb hybrid aspen lines as well as a mutant yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) defective in NO resistance. (oulu.fi)
We discussed the structure, function, and string representation of DNA, proteins and RNA and started discussing the basic processes of gene expression (transcription and translation). (ubc.ca)
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are critical for the post-transcriptional control of RNAs and play vital roles in a myriad of biological processes, such as RNA localization and gene regulation. (edu.sa)
PreRBP-TL: prediction of species-specific RNA-binding proteins based on transfer learning. (edu.sa)
As previously reported, colorectal cancer cell-derived exosomes have important roles in tumour progression including invasion, angiogenesis, immune modulation and distal metastasis through effectively delivering microRNAs, mRNAs and proteins ( 10 - 12 ). (ijbs.com)
The ABC superfamily of genes encodes proteins that transport a number of substrates across cell membranes. (medscape.com)

Genes responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms of HGT such as transformation, transduction and conjugation, subsequently arming the antibiotic resistant genes' recipient against antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
Inter-bacterial gene transfer was first described in Japan in a 1959 publication that demonstrated the transfer of antibiotic resistance between different species of bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Grafting of one plant to another can transfer chloroplasts (organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis), mitochondrial DNA, and the entire cell nucleus containing the genome to potentially make a new species. (wikipedia.org)
Horizontal transfer of genetic material among S. enterica or from other bacterial species also plays an important role in the dissemination of drug resistance in this pathogen ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
Penicillium species are ubiquitous filamentous ascomycetes important to the biotechnology, biomedical and food industries. (nature.com)
Magnaporthe oryzae , Magnaporthe grisea ), a member of the order Magnaporthales in the class Sordariomycetes, is an important plant pathogen and a model species for studying pathogen infection and plant-fungal interaction. (nature.com)
The blast clade genomes contain more secretome and avirulence effector genes, which likely play key roles in the interaction between Pyricularia species and their plant hosts. (nature.com)
Further understanding and determining host tropism would be important in identifying zoonotic influenza virus strains capable of crossing species barrier and infecting humans. (springer.com)
Some fungi have horizontally transferred neuroactive metabolite pathways between species. (arcadiascience.com)
We need to understand how these species interact and contribute to the spread of resistance genes or to the increased growth of pathogens. (rug.nl)
What roles do different species play within the ecosystem and how are resistance genes transferred? (rug.nl)
Generation of BALB-MuSV and Ha-MuSC by type C virus transduction of homologous transforming genes from different species. (xenbase.org)
The application of genetic modification allows genetic material to be transferred from any species into plants or other organisms. (hindawi.com)
Hypoxia, due to the lack of oxygen (O2) as the electron recipient, causes inefficient electron transfer through the electron transport chain at the mitochondria leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which could create irreversible cellular damages. (stanford.edu)
Chan Y-S, Huen DS, Glauert R, Whiteway E, Russell S (2013) Optimising Homing Endonuclease Gene Drive Performance in a Semi-Refractory Species: The Drosophila melanogaster Experience. (plos.org)

They have identified some key genes playing important role in spike morphology and grain number per spikelet and are currently conducting mechanistic studies on these key candidate genes to better understand these traits. (wheatgenome.org)
As such, the search for candidate genes related to the comorbid conditions of ADHD and DD can help in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the comorbid condition, and can also be useful for genotyping and identifying new drug targets. (biomedcentral.com)
The results can be utilized to plan experiments for the identification of novel candidate genes and search for novel pharmacological targets. (biomedcentral.com)

As Jian, Rivera and Lake (1999) put it: "Increasingly, studies of genes and genomes are indicating that considerable horizontal transfer has occurred between prokaryotes" (see also Lake and Rivera, 2007). (wikipedia.org)
Transfers of a single gene, a complete metabolic pathway 10 , whole chromosomes 11 or even cases of the integration of almost complete genomes from bacterial endosymbionts into their eukaryotic hosts 12 have been described. (nature.com)
Interestingly there is one additional phage-encoded protein, pX (p10), that is important for regulating the number of double stranded genomes in the bacterial host. (bionity.com)
Burt proposed that such methods could be applied to engineer HEGs that recognise and cleave sequences within coding sequences of genes in insect genomes, with the subsequent invasion of these HEGs into a population leading to the inactivation of target genes and the subsequent decline in fitness of the targeted population [2] . (plos.org)

Taxol biosynthesis is significantly regulated by jasmonate acid (JA), one of the most important endogenous hormones in land plants. (frontiersin.org)
MYC2 is one of the key regulators of JA signal transfer and the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. (frontiersin.org)
During sequential steps of the Fe-S cluster biosynthesis cycle, IscU alternates its conformational state and affinity for Fe-S clusters, in order to accomplish Fe-S cluster assembly and transfer. (bgsu.edu)
Transcriptome data were further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR for twelve key genes in EFA biosynthesis. (researchsquare.com)

Griffith's experiment, reported in 1928 by Frederick Griffith, was the first experiment suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation. (wikipedia.org)
It has been suggested that lateral gene transfer to humans from bacteria may play a role in cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Transformation is often used in laboratories to insert novel genes into bacteria for experiments or for industrial or medical applications. (wikipedia.org)
Salmonella enterica bacteria have become increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents, partly as a result of genes carried on integrons. (cdc.gov)
What ties bacteria and jellyfish together is that a bacterial gene for making poly-γ-glutamate has found its way into the jellyfish! (asmblog.org)
Oceanospirillum, within the order Oceanospirillales , are important symbiotic marine bacteria associated with hydrocarbon degradation and algal blooms, especially in polar regions. (biomedcentral.com)
Naturally produced neuroactive metabolites play interesting roles in the interactions of bacteria, plants, and fungi with other organisms in their environments. (arcadiascience.com)
In this way, bacteria gain novel genetic information, for example metabolic traits, pathogenicity determinants and resistance genes as a driving force for bacterial adaptation and evolution. (elifesciences.org)
samples were collected weekly to determine the composition of bacteria and fungi, and antibiotic resistant genes using molecular tools. (researchgate.net)
This is often done by sequencing a region of a conserved gene that varies among microbes in a group, such as the 16S rRNA gene in bacteria. (asm.org)
Callahan likens each of these gene amplicon sequences to a barcode that corresponds to a type of bacteria, just like barcodes at a store are assigned to specific items. (asm.org)
To develop this technology in industrial scale, it is important to understand the fundamentals and ubiquitous nature of QS bacteria and appreciate the role of QS in the degradation of POPs. (mdx.ac.uk)

In contrast, many genes underwent positive selection in this order and the majority of these sequences are clade-specific. (nature.com)
Copies of a gene may be integrated, additional fragments inserted, and gene sequences rearranged and deleted-which may result in lack of operation of the genes instability or interference with other gene functions possibly cause some potential risks [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Foreign gene sequences could be inserted into deletion mutants, which may alter the infectious characteristics of the virus. (i-sis.org.uk)
However, individual transcript sequences of the same gene can differ through naturally occurring variations (e.g. polymorphisms), each with its own valid existence. (origene.com)

Our study illustrates the important roles of horizontally transferred genes in plant-insect interactions and suggests the potential origin of orphan salivary genes. (bvsalud.org)

The rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes in this manner is becoming a challenge to manage in the field of medicine. (wikipedia.org)
Antimicrobial drug resistance can occur by point mutations in the bacterial genome or through horizontal transfer of genetic elements carrying resistance genes. (cdc.gov)
Resistance may be disseminated through clonal expansion of drug-resistant strains or through horizontal transfer of genetic elements coding for resistance determinants. (cdc.gov)
The location of antimicrobial drug-resistant genes on mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids, transposons, and integrons, facilitates the mobilization of resistance from one organism to another ( 13 ). (cdc.gov)
Integrons are genetic structures capable of capturing and excising gene cassettes, which usually encode antimicrobial drug resistance determinants. (cdc.gov)
This allows us to find ways to reduce selection pressure towards resistance or the transfer of resistance genes. (rug.nl)
Here, we determined whether and to what extent the conversion of cattle dung into insect frass fertilizer by P. sinuata influences the frass' microbial community and its associated antibiotic resistance genes abundance. (researchgate.net)
Treatment of cattle dung with P. sinuata larvae caused 2 - 3-folds decrease in the genes conferring resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as aminoglycoside, diaminopyrimidine, multidrug, sulfonamide and tetracycline within 14 days. (researchgate.net)
Furthermore, the recycling cattle dung using considerably reduced the abundance of mobile genetic elements known to play critical roles in the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between organisms. (researchgate.net)
RNA-seq based identification and mutant validation of gene targets related to ethanol resistance in cyanobacterial Synechocystis sp. (biomedcentral.com)

We were curious if detecting putative HGT events within fungi that are known to produce neuroactive metabolites would point us to novel biosynthetic gene clusters. (arcadiascience.com)
However, the fungi did not up-regulate the hybrid aspen Hb genes in the VHb lines. (oulu.fi)

2 Recent research in gene-mapping suggests that specific genes are associated with risk attitudes and risk- taking behavior. (lu.se)

Finally, we used gene knockout strains to validate the potential target genes related to ethanol tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
In particular, HEG gene drive could be particularly effective if activity was restricted to the male germline to target genes required for female fertility/viability or engineered to destroy the X-chromosome by cutting at multiple X-specific sites [5] , [6] . (plos.org)

This suggests that CaMV evolved subsequent to the horizontal transfer of a retrotransposon to the cruciferae, either as the result of capture of RTgene by a pre-existing virus or by the transposable element acquiring additional genes to become a virus. (i-sis.org.uk)
Genetic fingerprint tests on two one-year-old children confirm that they contain a small quantity of additional genes not inherited from either parent. (bbc.co.uk)
The additional genes were taken from a healthy donor and used to overcome the infertility problems of the mother. (bbc.co.uk)
The additional genes that the children carry have altered their germline, or their collection of genes that they will pass on to their offspring. (bbc.co.uk)
Lord Winston said that, although the number of additional genes involved was tiny, it was in principle the wrong thing to do. (bbc.co.uk)

They play important roles in carbon cycling through marine food webs, gene transfer by transduction and conversion of hosts by lysogeny. (nih.gov)
Additionally, it was revealed that the most relevant genes are involved in biological processes related to signal transduction, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters, chemical synaptic transmission, response to drugs, ion transmembrane transport, nervous system development, cell adhesion, and neuron migration. (biomedcentral.com)

The order Magnaporthales in the fungal class Sordariomycetes (Ascomycota) contains economically important pathogens of cereals and grasses, such as the rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. (nature.com)

The approach is based on ten criteria for ranking genes by their importance, including relevance scores of association between disease and genes, standard methods of gene prioritization, as well as original criteria that take into account the characteristics of an associative gene network and the presence of known polymorphisms in the analyzed genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Jan 21, 2003 - Tues 12:30PM - Dr. Jack Taylor, NIEHS - Epidemiologic studies of DNA repair gene polymorphisms and cancer risk Dec 17, 2002 - Dr. John Tainer, UC Berkeley - Conformational Controls and DNA Repair Coordination - [Note: The posting of this talk will be delayed at the request of the speaker. (bio.net)

In the mid-1980s, Syvanen postulated that biologically significant lateral gene transfer has existed since the beginning of life on Earth and has been involved in shaping all of evolutionary history. (wikipedia.org)
Despite these examples, the lack of specific evolutionary trends in reported cases of lateral gene transfer in eukaryotes has led to the view of ancient, sporadic and isolated events with relatively little global impact on eukaryotic kingdoms, rather than a more frequently and widely occurring phenomenon. (nature.com)

Ecological factors may also play a role in the HGT of antibiotic resistant genes. (wikipedia.org)
Prokaryote-to-prokaryote transfers have been recognized as common and their associated impact important enough to raise questions about the possibility of reconstructing prokaryotic history through a tree of life or to change practices relating to antibiotic use in medicine. (nature.com)

The presence of Helicobacter genus-specific DNA (16S rRNA genes) was determined by nested polymerase chain reaction assay. (who.int)

This gene encodes a member of the delta class of phospholipase C enzymes. (nih.gov)
Mutations in ABCA12 , a gene that encodes adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter (ABC), subfamily A, member 12, in chromosome region 2q35, underlie this disorder. (medscape.com)

About 2 percent of our genes code for protein kinases," says Cole. (sciencedaily.com)
Most important, Cole says, is that their approach targets specific protein kinases. (sciencedaily.com)
Scaffold protein represents a centerpiece of the biosynthetic pathway with two important roles. (bgsu.edu)
Even though, the SufU protein shares high sequence similarity with above mentioned IscU, it exhibits important distinguishing feature of an extra 19 amino acids that is denoted as the Gram-Positive Region (GPR). (bgsu.edu)
The phage coat is primarily assembled from a 50 amino acid protein called pVIII (or p8), which is encoded by gene VIII (or g8) in the phage genome . (bionity.com)
What's particularly interesting about p10 is that it's identical to the C-terminal portion of p2 since the gene for p10 is within the gene for p2 and the protein arises from transcription initiation within gene 2. (bionity.com)
Catalytic domain of the Protein Serine/Threonine Kinase, Never In Mitosis gene A-related kinase 6. (umbc.edu)
STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. (umbc.edu)
The complementary structure immediately suggested to Watson and Crick how DNA could (and does) replicate, and further explains how information from DNA is transferred to RNA for protein synthesis. (rainis.pics)
When a HEG is integrated into its recognition sequence in the genome, its protein product acts to cleave its cognate site on the homologous chromosome and gene conversion or homologous recombination can result in a new copy of the HEG being inserted. (plos.org)

Professor Joe Cummins, of the University of Western Ontario in Canada, told BBC News Online: "Now is not the time to bring in human germline gene therapy through the back door. (bbc.co.uk)
Contrary to expectations, a fragment containing the entire region between the TBPH gene and the bgcn translational start drove strong HEG expression only during late spermatogenesis rather than in the germline stem cells and spermatogonia as expected. (plos.org)

HGT is an important factor in the evolution of many organisms. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, genome data from non-pathogen lineages are necessary to provide a more robust comparative genomic framework to help place the rice blast fungus in an evolutionary context and to understand the evolution of pathogenesis and other characters of these important organisms. (nature.com)
It is therefore important to ensure that when these organisms are released into nature they do not harm the environment or human health [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

TcMYC2a was able to affect the expression of GUS reporter gene by binding with the T/G-box, G-box, and E-box, which were the key cis -elements of TASY and TcERF12/15 promoter. (frontiersin.org)
TcMYC2a overexpression also led to significantly increased expression of TASY , tat , dbtnbt, t13h , and t5h genes. (frontiersin.org)
DNA damage affects the expression of a variety of genes, including proto-oncogenes and cancer suppressor genes. (frontiersin.org)
We also analyzed the tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immune-related gene expression, tumor mutation burden, and drug sensitivity of patients with HNSCC in the high- and low-risk groups. (frontiersin.org)
By comparison, we found that various genes associated with acyl editing, fatty acid β-oxidation, triacylglycerol assembly and oil-body formation had greater expression levels at middle developmental stage (38 DAP), which are consistent with the fast accumulation of EFA in V. galamensis developing seed, implying their fundamental roles in EFA production. (researchsquare.com)
The eukaryotic epigenome is postulated to respond to environmental stimuli through alterations in chromatin features and, ultimately, gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we profile the gut microbiome and chromatin characteristics in colon epithelium from mice fed either an obesogenic or control diet, followed by an analysis of the resultant changes in gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Given the important roles of the gut microbiome in regulating host physiology and gene expression, a better understanding of the relationship between the host and the symbiont microbiota should provide new insights into human health and disease risk. (biomedcentral.com)
Diet-induced obesity led to altered acetylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27ac) and to altered monomethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me1) at numerous loci, with concomitant changes in the expression of genes that were functionally relevant to intestinal cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
An anatomy of normal and malignant gene expression. (xenbase.org)
On-going gene therapy clinical trials offer efficient but uncontrolled expression of therapeutic transgenes. (unil.ch)
We hypothesise that the development and/or maintenance of the autonomic imbalance is associated with changes in the expression of a large number of genes in the brain that, through their activity, form one or more functional networks that can be influenced by both age and by lifestyle factors, such as physical activity. (vasopressin.org)
ask if gene expression is altered by physical exercise, initiated either before or after the onset of autonomic imbalance. (vasopressin.org)
test whether these hubs are important physiologically by altering the expression of these nodal genes using in vivo somatic gene transfer approaches. (vasopressin.org)
The introduction of a gene into different cells can result in different outcomes, and the overall pattern of gene expression can be altered by the introduction of a single gene. (hindawi.com)
Expression of this gene may be a marker for cancer. (nih.gov)
This DNA then serves as a template for expression of the phage genes. (bionity.com)
Current knowledge of QS strategies is limited to laboratory studies, full-scale applications remain challenging and more research is need to explore QS gene expression and test in full-scale reactors for wastewater treatment. (mdx.ac.uk)
We found that 3′-UTR choice was important to maximise expression levels, with HEG activity increasing as we employed Hsp70, SV40, vasa and βTub56D derived UTRs. (plos.org)
It is therefore important to increase the knowledge concerning mechanisms regulating their expression in airway epithelial cells. (lu.se)
How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? (lu.se)

As discovery of natural neuroactive molecules often relies on exploring specific systems that include both the source of the neuroactive molecules and the organism that experiences a behavior change (e.g. plants used to influence human behavior in traditional ceremonies), we aimed to identify a greater diversity of neuromodulators in a way that was not initially dependent on starting from known molecules or biosynthetic genes. (arcadiascience.com)

Such transfers are frequent in prokaryotes and play important roles in unicellular eu-kar-yotes, but only a few instances are known in meta-zoans. (asmblog.org)
While the extent and impact of horizontal transfers in prokaryotes are widely acknowledged, their importance to the eukaryotic kingdom is unclear and thought by many to be anecdotal. (nature.com)

Another important aspect of his research is focused on molecular understanding of yield and yield contributing factors in bread wheat. (wheatgenome.org)
The application of methods of reconstruction and analysis of gene networks is a powerful tool for studying the molecular mechanisms of comorbid conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
GTPases of the Rho family are molecular switches that play important roles in converting and amplifying external signals into cellular effects. (xenbase.org)
This will be followed by robust molecular, cellular and, importantly, physiological analysis, that will reveal the roles of these hub genes in network stability and their response to external cues. (vasopressin.org)
The molecular sequence of this clone aligns with the gene accession number as a point of reference only. (origene.com)

To discuss this important group of molecules, it is necessary to define some terms. (rainis.pics)
These molecules are important both in the context of the prolonged and dysregulated inflammation as well as during the exacerbations seen COPD, asthma, and CF. (lu.se)

Combined with the eight environmental viral contigs from metagenomics, this study helps fill the gap in our understanding of the isolation, genomic and evolutionary development of Oceanospirillum bacteriophages and provides new insights into the interactions between hosts and bacteriophages for these important marine hydrocarbon-degrading microbial populations. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, TcERF15, which played the positive role to regulate tasy gene, was up-regulated by TcMYC2a. (frontiersin.org)

2005) observe, "additional evidence suggests that gene transfer might also be an important evolutionary mechanism in protist evolution. (wikipedia.org)
Increasing evidence suggests that chronic neuroinflammation as well as misfolded alpha-synuclein accumulation both play important roles in PD. (unil.ch)

Having just tested the children born as a result of this procedure, the scientists have confirmed that the children's cells contain mitochondria, and hence genes, from two women as well as their fathers. (bbc.co.uk)

Our work may be particularly helpful in developing therapies for cancers," says Cole, "which can stem from mutations in genes that regulate kinases. (sciencedaily.com)
Clinical genetics covers research into the roles played by inherited and acquired genetic mutations for the onset of various forms of cancer and congenital hereditary diseases. (lu.se)
If this is the case, gene-correction presents a solution for patients with known monogenetic mutations. (lu.se)

Two phage gene products play critical roles in the next stage of the phage life cycle, namely amplification of the genome. (bionity.com)

This intentional transfer of genetic material has in turn brought biotechnology out from the laboratory to the field. (hindawi.com)

The transient assay of selected genes resulted in a synergistic increase of EFA-enriched TAG accumulation in tobacco leaves. (researchsquare.com)

The desert vipers of the genus Cerastes are a small clade of medically important venomous snakes within the family Viperidae. (researchgate.net)

They are focused on identification, transfer, and isolation of important genes and alleles playing vital roles against abiotic and biotic stresses in wheat and barley. (wheatgenome.org)

There are probably several thousand different kinases with roles in different disease pathways. (sciencedaily.com)
use the latest bioinformatic tools to construct putative pathways and networks that may govern these processes, and we will identify nodal, or hub genes with many connections. (vasopressin.org)

Changes in the activity of proto-oncogenes and cancer suppressor genes are crucial in tumorigenesis ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
However, the roles and associated mechanisms of hypoxic colorectal cancer (CRC) cell-derived exosomes remain poorly understood. (ijbs.com)
A hypoxic tumour microenvironment, which is defined as a condition in which the oxygen pressure in the tumour tissue is less than 5 to 10 mm Hg, is extremely important for cancer metastasis ( 5 , 6 ). (ijbs.com)

Once thought to be a mere housekeeping procedure, this transfer, researchers now know, is crucial to cells. (sciencedaily.com)
FoxP3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) play crucial roles in peripheral immune tolerance. (elsevierpure.com)

In the present study, we identified a PDF-coding gene that has undergone significant changes in the otherwise highly conserved insect C-terminal amino acid sequence. (bvsalud.org)
The sequence of the gene and its role in the donor organism may have a relatively well-characterized function in the organism from which it is isolated. (hindawi.com)
The CaMV promoter is a sequence of about 350 basepairs upstream of the 35S transcript (-343 to +8, with Cap site at +1), about 250 basepairs of which overlap with the 3' end of gene Vl, the last of the six large open reading frames. (i-sis.org.uk)

However, when introduced into the environment, they could have unintended environmental consequences and may play more pronounced ecological roles than the wild types [ 9 - 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

The occurrence of multiple recent eukaryotic transfers in the food environment provides strong evidence for the importance of this understudied and probably underestimated phenomenon in eukaryotes. (nature.com)
However, over the last 20 years or so, a number of cases of gene transfer in eukaryotes have been described. (nature.com)

These are tiny structures containing genes that float around inside the cell away from the cell's nucleus, where the vast majority of the genes reside. (bbc.co.uk)

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are abundant on the ocean floor and play important roles in ocean biogeochemistry. (iitm.ac.in)

To construct a prognostic signature composed of DNA repair genes to effectively predict the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). (frontiersin.org)
This study constructed a 13-DNA-repair-gene signature for the prognosis of HNSCC, which could accurately and independently predict the clinical outcome of the patient. (frontiersin.org)
The method put forth to rank genes by their importance for the comorbid condition of ADHD and dyslexia was employed to predict genes that play key roles in the development of the comorbid condition. (biomedcentral.com)

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ancient cofactors that participate in numerous cellular processes, such as electron transfer, enzyme catalysis, redox sensing, DNA repair and gene regulation. (bgsu.edu)
Temperature variability in the North Atlantic Ocean is the result of many competing physical processes, but the relative roles of these processes is a source of contention. (natureasia.com)

Genomic structure and assignment of the RhoH/TTF small GTPase gene (ARHH) to 4p13 by in situ hybridization. (xenbase.org)

Serovar Typhimurium isolates containing identical integrons with the gene cassettes blaPSE1 and aadA2 were found in 4 countries on 3 continents, which supports the role of clonal expansion. (cdc.gov)
Several DNA repair genes have been confirmed to play an important role in the development and prognosis of HNSCC ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Vascular endothelial cell (EC)-derived factors play an important role in endothelial-cardiomyocyte crosstalk and could save cardiomyocytes (CMs) from injury. (mdpi.com)
QS plays an important role in biofilm formation, solubilization, and biotransformation of pollutants. (mdx.ac.uk)

Yet, how these genes are recruited and evolve to mediate plant-insect interaction remains unknown. (bvsalud.org)

Common gene modules in diverse phages are providing the information necessary to make evolutionary comparisons. (nih.gov)

Wallaby encompasses about 250 predicted genes, some of which are probably involved in competition with microorganisms. (nature.com)

Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Never In Mitosis gene A (NIMA)-related kinase 6 (Nek6) subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. (umbc.edu)

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Chemicals and Drugs53

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Phenomena and Processes84

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science8

Health Care3

Horizontal gene tra24

Proteins13

Species15

Candidate genes3

Genomes4

Biosynthesis4

Bacteria12

Sequences4

Horizontally transferred1

Resistance10

Fungi2

Specific genes1

Target genes2

Additional genes5

Transduction2

Fungal1

Polymorphisms2

Lateral gene tra2

Antibiotic2

RRNA1

Encodes2

Protein10

Germline2

Organisms3

Expression21

Biosynthetic1

Prokaryotes2

Molecular5

Molecules2

Interactions1

Additionally1

Suggests2

Mitochondria1

Mutations3

Genome1

Genetic material1

Assay1

Clade1

Isolation1

Pathways2

Cancer3

Crucial2

Sequence3

Ecological roles1

Eukaryotes2

Reside1

Abundant1

Predict3

Processes2

Genomic1

Role4

Mediate1

Evolutionary1

Microorganisms1

Subfamily1